CN1251507A - 眼科显微手术系统 - Google Patents

眼科显微手术系统 Download PDF

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CN1251507A
CN1251507A CN97199175A CN97199175A CN1251507A CN 1251507 A CN1251507 A CN 1251507A CN 97199175 A CN97199175 A CN 97199175A CN 97199175 A CN97199175 A CN 97199175A CN 1251507 A CN1251507 A CN 1251507A
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illuminating lamp
optical fundus
lamp
light source
light
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布赖恩·道格拉斯·麦卡瑞
迈克尔·尤金·梅茨勒
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Bausch and Lomb Surgical Inc
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Bausch and Lomb Surgical Inc
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Publication of CN1251507A publication Critical patent/CN1251507A/zh
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    • G05G1/305—Compound pedal co-operating with two or more controlled members
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Abstract

本发明公开了控制若干眼科显微手术器械的系统,尤其描述了在眼科手术时用于照亮病人眼睛后部的眼底照明灯系统(1000)。这种新颖的眼底照明灯系统(1000)包括提供高色温光的灯系统(1004),该光被热屏蔽以便使用塑料制造的灯连接器而不会熔化。

Description

眼科显微手术系统
技术领域
本发明大体上涉及显微手术及眼科系统，尤其是涉及这一眼科系统的眼底照明灯，此灯在眼科手术时用来照亮病人眼睛的后部。
发明背景
当今的眼科显微手术系统提供一个或多个与一个控制台相连的手术器械。手术器械常常是电动或气动操作，控制台提供电力或液压控制信号来操控这些器械。控制台通常有几种不同类型的人工控制器，用来产生作用于手术器械的控制信号。外科医师常常用一个脚踏控制器遥控手术器械。
各种眼科过程需要照亮病人眼睛后部(即虹膜后部)。通常，切开巩膜(即眼白)并从切开处把小的眼底照明灯放入眼睛的玻璃体中。眼底照明灯包含一根单一的光导纤维丝，在其一端带有一个连接器，用来与高强光源相连。光导纤维丝的另一端用手柄支撑，手柄用来把光导纤维丝放入玻璃体。当光源开启后，光通过光导纤维传输并通过玻璃体投射到所关心的眼睛部位上。
由于大多数现有技术的光源产生热量，眼底照明灯的连接器可由金属制成以便耐热。然而，由于眼底照明灯是一次性使用的，这显著增加了成本。为了能使用塑料连接器并降低成本，一些光源带有滤光器以消除热量。然而，滤光器降低了发光强度，这降低了系统的效能。
白炽灯被频繁用作光源。为产生足够照度(即照明强度)的光以通过眼底照明灯并投射到眼睛的后部，白炽灯光源通常采用150瓦灯泡。白炽灯光的照度和色温太低，眼睛的内部部位不能被理想照亮。尽管可以通过增大灯的功率输入和瓦数来增加照度，但这样增加了能耗和增大了热量输出，并缩短了灯的寿命。
为克服有关白炽灯的问题，有些光源使用了氙弧灯。与白炽灯易于不可预测地突然失效不同，氙弧灯通常只在开启时失效，这就可以在手术开始前更换坏灯。然而，氙弧灯的照度和色温很高，如果不进行有效过滤，就会损伤眼睛。而且，过滤效率不高，对于高耗能(通常为175至300瓦)的氙弧灯更不理想。进而，氙弧灯产生大量热量，如果不进行屏蔽或采取其他耐热措施，眼底照明灯就会被熔化。由于氙弧灯设计在恒压电源条件下使用，通常用活动的屏蔽物调节发光强度。这些屏蔽物在不同的区域有不同大小的开口或不同的开口间距，它们能有选择地与光线对准以改变强度。屏蔽物也提供热过滤器的优点，但改变了进入眼底照明灯的光线的角度分布。结果，不同强度的光束具有不同的特征。
发明简述
本发明的几个目的和特征是：提供在眼科手术时用于照亮病人眼睛后部的眼底照明灯系统；提供能产生高色温光的这种系统；提供能与具有塑料连接器的光导纤维眼底照明灯一起使用的这种系统；提供具有一个用于将热量导离光导纤维眼底照明灯的热屏蔽的这种系统。
简言之，眼科手术时，体现本发明的眼底照明灯系统照亮病人眼睛的后部。此系统包括一个具有相对的第一端和第二端的光导纤维眼底照明灯。眼底照明灯用于将由第一端进入的光线传到第二端。第二端大小作成能放入病人眼睛中，以便由第一端传到第二端的光投射到病人眼睛的后部。此系统还包含有金属卤化物弧光放电灯用来产生聚焦光束，以及一个用于相对灯固定光导纤维眼底照明灯第一端的座架，以便第一端处在灯产生的聚焦光束中。座架还用来托住眼底照明灯的第一端并校准，以使灯产生的光进入第一端并传到第二端。
在另一实施例中，本发明是一个与光导纤维眼底照明灯结合起来使用以便在眼科手术时照亮病人眼睛后部的眼底照明灯光源。光源包括一个金属卤化物弧光放电灯和一个座架。弧光放电灯用于产生具有5000°至6000°K的色温的聚焦光束。座架用来将光导纤维眼底照明灯的第一端固定在灯产生的聚焦光束中，以便眼底照明灯将光传到眼底照明灯与第一端相对的第二端。
在又一实施例中，本发明是一个与光导纤维眼底照明灯结合起来使用以便在眼科手术时照亮病人眼睛后部的眼底照明灯光源。光源包括一个金属卤化物弧光放电灯和一个冷却风扇。弧光放电灯用于产生聚焦光束，风扇用于产生气流。风扇定位成使气流相对灯产生的光束沿横向方向导向灯，从而通过对流传热冷却灯。光源还包括一个用于将光导纤维眼底照明灯第一端保持在灯所产生的聚焦光束中的座架，以便使眼底照明灯将光传到眼底明明灯与第一端相对的第二端。座架作成可托住光导纤维眼底照明灯，以便其第一端伸进冷却风扇产生的气流中，从而通过对流传热冷却眼底照明灯的第一端。
在又另一实施例中，本发明是一个与光导纤维眼底照明灯结合起来使用以便在眼科手术时照亮病人眼睛后部的眼底照明灯光源。光源包括一个产生聚焦光束的灯以及一个具有一个灯固定器和一个眼底照明灯固定器的整体座架，灯固定器形状做成使得灯保持在座架中的一个固定位置，眼底照明灯固定器用来把光导纤维眼底照明灯的第一端相对灯保持在一个固定位置。眼底照明灯的第一端处于灯产生的聚集光束中以使眼底照明灯将光传到与第一端相对的眼底照明灯的第二端。该座架有一通道以使气流流过座架通过对流传热方式冷却灯和眼底照明灯的第一端。
在还又另一实施例中，本发明是一个与光导纤维眼底照明灯结合起来使用以便在眼科手术时照亮病人眼睛后部的眼底照明灯光源。光源由产生聚焦光束的弧光放电灯和一个座架组成，该座架用于把光导纤维眼底照明灯第一端的连接器固定第一端位于聚集光束中，以便眼底照明灯将光传到与第一端相对的眼底照明灯的第二端。该光源还包括一个位于灯和光导纤维眼底照明灯第一端之间的固定热屏蔽板，用于使眼底照明灯连接器与热量隔绝，并把热量从眼底照明灯导向与眼底照明灯连接器间隔开的一个热量吸收器。该热屏蔽板有一个其大小能使光进入光导纤维眼底照明灯第一端的孔。
本发明的这些及其他目的和优点将在下文及附图中部分地体现和阐明。
附图简述
图1是与眼科显微手术器械一起使用的显微手术控制系统透视图，控制系统上具有与本发明有关的许多手术器械或操控的多种控制模式；
图2是本发明眼底照明灯系统的透视图；
图3是图2所示系统的眼底照明灯光源的局部侧视图；
图4是光源的正视图；
图5是光源的后视图；
图6是光源的局部仰视图；
图7是沿图3中线7-7所在平面的局部剖面示意图；
图8类似于图7，显示了带有热量屏蔽器的第二实施例；
图9是图8中所示热量屏蔽器的透视图。
发明的实施方式
参照附图，其中相同的标号代表相同的部件，根据本发明的一个优选实施例，把图1所示的显微手术控制系统一般标为1。如图所示，系统1包括一个具有平板显示器5的计算机部件3；一个安放若干组件13的基座部件7；以及诸如一个脚控制组件15和一个机控静脉注射支架17的辅助设备(每一部件都有各自标号)。安放在基座部件7中的每一组件13控制至少一种眼科显微手术器械，供外科医师做各种眼科手术使用。如现有技术所知，眼科显微手术时要使用多种不同的器械19，来完成不同的功能。这些器械19包括玻璃体切割刀、乳化或破碎手柄、电控微型剪、光导纤维照明器械、凝结剂手柄和其他现有技术所了解的显微手术器械。手术中为发挥器械19的最佳性能，操作参数要根据下列情况变化：进行的特定过程、过程的不同阶段、医师个人偏好、过程是在病人眼睛的前部还是后部完成等等。
如图1所示，标号为21的器械车支撑着系统1。优选地，器械车21包括：手术盘25；自动输液支架17；存放脚踏控制组件15的储藏室27；活动容器和其它物品；一个开孔33，用于存放膨胀基本单元(图1未显示)；转轮35。基座部件7和计算机部件3如图所示位于器械车21的顶部，手术盘25安装在一个铰接臂(未示出)上，铰接臂最好安装在器械车21的顶部并位于其座部件7的下方。器械车21还带有一个遥控传递器39，用于遥控系统1。
基座部件7中的组件13安有各种显微手术器械19的控制电路，使外科医师将系统1的使用调到最佳状态。组件13包括连接件或插孔，一个或多个显微手术器械19通过连接件或插孔连接至每个组件13，且组件13安有用于控制连接至其上的特定器械19的操作的必要控制电路。这样，使用者通过将所需组件13插入基座部件7中来配置系统1以满足特定外科医师的要求，控制特定外科手术过程所需的每个器械19，或使系统1确定最佳参数以供外科医师使用。
参看图2，一个眼底照明灯系统整体地标为1000。眼底照明灯系统1000包括一个光导纤维眼底照明灯(通常标为1002)和一个光源(通常标为1004)。尽管其他光源结构也被考虑在本发明的范围内，优选实施例的光源1004是一种可互换标准件，它可以与其他手术器械组件一起插入一个较大的外壳。在一个优选实施例中，眼底照明灯1002是与显微手术系统1一起使用的器械19之一。
眼底照明灯1002是眼科手术期间用于照明病人眼睛后部的现有器械。尽管其他眼底照明灯被考虑在本发明的范围内，优选实施例的照明灯是由密苏里州圣路易斯市的Storz Ophthalmics公司销售的MSV1011眼底照明灯。眼底照明灯1002包括直径约0.03英寸、长约6英尺的一段单根的光导纤维丝1010。一个塑料套包围着纤维丝以保护纤维丝，并阻止光由纤维丝侧面射出。美国医学信息学院(ACMI)的一种现有连接器1012与纤维丝1010的第一端相连。连接器1012是塑料的，以便降低材料的成本，因为眼底照明灯1002是一次性使用的。手柄1014和纤维丝1010的与第一端相对的第二端相连。并且有一个不锈钢管1016从手柄向外延伸以支承第二端附近的纤维丝，细管1016大小做成它能被插入病人眼睛的切口。例如，优选实施例的细管1016直径为20号，长为1.5英寸。尽管优选实施例的眼底照明灯1002由一段单根的光导纤维丝组成，包括若干纤维丝的光导纤维束也被考虑在本发明的范围内。
图2还表明，光源1004被放入在外壳1020中，外壳具有侧观察板1022、1024和一个有两个眼底照明灯连接件插口1028(图7)的模制前盖1026。图3显示了移去前观察板1022和后观察板1024的光源1004，光源还包括：两个座架1030、两个金属卤化物弧光灯1032、两个启动镇流器1034、一个控制板1036和一个冷却风扇1038。优选实施例的光源1004有两个座架1030、两个灯1032和镇流器1034，当万一灯或镇流器损坏时，单一眼底照明灯可从一个连接件插口1028换到另一个插口。另外，这种结构使得可同时使用两个眼底照明灯1002。
电连接器1040使每个灯1032与一对引线1042连接，引线1042延伸到镇流器1034之一。每条引线1042通过一个磁环1044以便消除电流通过引线产生的电磁干扰。由于引线1042接近光源外壳中及其以外的各种电器部件，有必要消减电磁干扰以保证各部件的正常运作。
开启时每个启动镇流器1034传给每个灯峰值电压以启动弧光灯。尽管其他镇流器也考虑在本发明的范围内，优选实施例的每个镇流器1034是由Welch Allyn公司生产的一种B21N001型非稳压镇流器，并特别用于与优选实施例的灯1032一起使用。每个镇流器在15伏的输入条件下，输出60伏、21瓦的电能。在启动时，镇流器1034在通电后1秒钟内产生一个3000-4000伏的峰值电压以便在各个灯1032中激光弧光。
附加导线1046将每个启动镇流器1034连接至控制板1036。这些导线1046也通过磁环1048消除电磁干扰。
正如名称表明，控制板1036控制灯1032和光源1004的其他部件，并与多种外部组件(未示出)连通。例如，控制板1036可包括用于根据来自计算机部件3的一个信号通过改变输送到镇流器1034的电压来减小光束强度的装置。当镇流器1034的输入电压改变时，镇流器的输出电压以及输送到灯的电压随之改变。尽管灯1032起初设计或输送恒定照度的光线，但实际发现灯1032的发光强度是随输入电压改变的。例如，当输入电压降低到设计电压的75％时，灯的输出光减少约50％，而不会导致输出光显著的颜色改变(一个大于600°K的改变)。此外，与现有技术的光源通过屏蔽改变光的输出强度不同，优选实施例中通过改变光源电压的方法不会改变光的角度分布。尽管采用控制板1036连续改变照度考虑在本发明的范围内，优选实施例的控制板1036包括一个数字模拟转换器，它用于提供五个不同的功率级，即5级(100％)、4级(75％)、3级(50％)、2级(38％)和1级(25％)的输出照度级。其他减小输出光强的装置也考虑在本发明的范围内，其中包括常规的可变电阻电路，它可由电位计、可变电阻和/或电压分压器组成。
控制板1036包括一个18销的电连接器1052，连接器在外壳1020后部从开口1054(图5)凸出，用于把光源1004连到一个底板(未示出)，底板上有一个用于从外部稳压电源供电的电源母线，以及一个用来与其他系统组件通信的数据通信母线。由电源、控制板1036和镇流器1034一起组成一个供电系统，以产生电流供应到灯1032。
后观察板1022包括壁板1056，壁板1056伸进其前后端之间的外壳中部，并把外壳分成前后室。前观察板1024可卸下以更换损坏的灯。
如图4所示，两个活门1060通过紧固件1062可转动地固定于前盖1026上，用来盖住连接插口1028。这样，当连接器1012插入连接插口1028时，光才通过连接插口1028。活门1060可绕紧固件1062转动而露出连接插口1028(图7)，以便如图2所示插入连接器1012。回到图4，一个发光二极管1064也安在前盖1026上。一根导线1066(图3)把二极管1064与控制板1036连接起来。控制板1036给二极管1064供电以显示光源1004被通电。
换到图5，在风扇1038附近并位于18销电连接器1052上部的外壳1020的后壁上设有排气口1074。如图4和图5所示，在外壳1020的底部形成有两条平行槽1076，用于把光源1004固定在前面所提到的基座部件7(图1)的外壳或支架(未示出)的导轨(未示出)上。还如图6所示，在前盖1026的底部形成一个凹座1078，以便夹紧光源1004使它滑入和滑出导轨。外壳1020上的开口1080使风扇1038吸进空气来冷却灯1032和其他系统部件。由于开口1080位于外壳1020的底部，减少了液体进入外壳1020的可能性，从而使外壳具有抗溅溢能力。导风板1082以一定角度由开口1080装入外壳1020，把进入外壳的空气导向前盖1026。后观察板1022的壁板1056使气流向上通过座架1030和灯1032，再转向壁顶部的风扇1038。
如图7所示，每个灯1032包括一个椭圆形反射器1090，用于把光聚焦于焦点F。优选实施例的灯1032的焦点是一个直径约0.040英寸的球。一个紧公差安装环1092使反射器1090的边缘保持在一个固定位置以保证反射器精确聚焦于所需焦点F。一安装在反射器中的灯管1094包括两个处于充满水银蒸气和金属卤化物的气氛中的电极1096a和1096b。销连接器1098与电极相连，以便从各个镇流器1034为灯1032供电。当一个足够高的电压使用于连接器1098时，电极1096a和1096b间形成电弧。电弧产生的光由前面所述的反射器聚焦。尽管其他的灯也考虑在本发明的范围内，优选实施例采用的是M21E001、Hi-Lux型金属卤化物弧光放电灯。Hi-Lux是位于纽约斯卡尼阿特勒斯的Wlech Allyn公司的商标。与现有技术的150瓦的白炽灯或175至300瓦的氙灯相比，优选实施例所采用的约21瓦的灯1032产生的光束亮度几乎与氙灯一样并超过白炽灯。
图7还表明，座架1030用螺钉1100固定于外壳1020的前盖1026上。盖板1102位于螺钉头部并用紧固件(未示出)固定。座架1030与垂直线成约15度角由前盖1026向后延伸。这使眼底照明灯连接器1012与灯反射器形成夹角，从而使反射器的轴线A1与使眼底照明灯1002的轴线A2形成夹角。
由于反射折射效应，任何反射器投射的光束中心附近会有微弱的阴影。通过使眼底照明灯与灯成一角度，使反射光束中心处的阴影偏离眼底照明灯轴线。从光导纤维丝任意半径上发出的光束强度是在这一半径进入纤维丝的所有光的强度的平均值。由于阴影是以一定角度进入光导纤维丝的，它与在同一半径进入纤维丝的正常强度光线一起被平均。因此，通过使眼底照明灯与反射器成一夹角，使阴影得以融合并难以发现。然而，随着灯和眼底照明灯轴线夹角的增大，眼底照明灯发出的光的强度减弱。这样，灯和眼底照明灯间存在一个总光强最大而反射折射阴影影响最弱的最优角度。实验表明，此角约为15度。
参照图7，座架1030大体上是圆筒形部件，最好用铝质等单块合适材料加工(假如，机加工)而成，其前端是一个平面，该平面与圆筒的中轴线形成15度倾角。在座架的后端形成了一个孔，以提供一个圆筒外壳体1108，它具有一个扩大的内径1110和一个环形凸出部1112。它们形成一个灯固定器。灯的安装环1092位于内径1110中，并抵住凸出部1112，把灯保持在座架1030中的一个固定位置。一个销钉(未示出)由灯的安装环1092径向向外延伸并与灯固定器中的轴向槽(未示出)接合，以使内径1110中的灯1032对准。弹簧夹1114(图3)咬合灯固定器中的环形槽1116，以使灯1032保持在固定器中。
一个滤光器固定器1120位于座架1030外壳体内，滤光器固定架1120也包括一个圆筒，圆筒内也有环形凸出部1122。在环形凸出部1122的内径后部形成的槽1124中安放着一个O形环1126，以使滤光器1128紧靠着凸出部固定。滤光器1128减少由系统发出的紫外和红外辐射，确保传给病人光线的大部分光谱成分在500nm至750nm之间。
固定眼底照明灯连接器1012的孔1130穿过座架1030的前部，在环绕孔的槽中放入一个球形弹簧1132。弹簧1132可安放在眼底照明灯连接器1012上的槽口1134中，以便可松开地将连接器固定在孔中。由孔1130和球形弹簧1132一起形成眼底照明灯固定器，把眼底照明灯的端部保持在一个固定位置，以使纤维丝1010的端部处于灯1032的焦点F上。由于座架1030是一体的，眼底照明灯固定器和灯固定器间可以保持紧公差。这样，眼底照明灯连接器相对于灯的位置被紧紧地控制，由眼底照明灯输出的光是完全可以预料的。
第一对跑道形开口1140设在灯固定器外壳体1108的顶部和底部，第二对跑道形开口1142设在构成滤光器固定器1120的环形壁的顶部和底部，以使气流流过座架冷却灯1032、连接器1012和眼底照明灯的纤维丝1010。开口1140和1142构成了从外壳底部的孔1080延伸到外壳后部的排气孔1074的冷却通道的一部分。空气是由装于通道后端附近的冷却风扇1038吸入的。气流沿着相对于光束的横向方向从底部开口1140经过座架1030到上部开口1140以便用对流传热的方式冷却灯1032。工作中流过开口1140的气流到达足够的高度以冷却灯管1094的第二端。一部分气流还通过开口1142进入滤光器固定器1120，也用对流传热方式冷却眼底照明灯1002的端部。实际上，眼底照明灯1002能充分冷却，以致连接器1012可由塑料制成，从而降低眼底照明灯成本。气流经过座架1030后，继续向上流过后观察板1022的壁板1056(图3)，再转向后以冷却眼底照明灯系统1000的其他部件。
图8所示装配件与图7的相同，除了在灯1032和眼底照明灯连接器1012间设有热屏蔽板1150，用于把热量与连接器隔开并把热量导离眼底照明灯。热屏蔽板1150穿过开口1142之一，并固定(例如焊接)在座架1030后表面上。座架1030起一个热吸收器的作用，以吸收屏蔽板1150的热能。热屏蔽板上的一个孔(图9)大小(例如，大约0.045-0.055英寸)使得光线进入光导纤维眼底照明灯1002的第一端，并避免热量传给连接器1012。尽管热屏蔽板可由其他任何能经受高温的导热材料制成，优选实施例中的热屏蔽板1150是由约0.010英寸厚的铍铜合金片材制成的。屏蔽板1150距连接器1012的端部约0.010-0.015英寸，所以连接器是绝热的。
要运行本发明的眼底照明灯系统1000，光源1004装于基座部件7(图1)的外壳中，使电连接器1052与带有电源和数据通信母线的底板连接。眼底照明灯连接器1012装到一个或两个连接插口1028上。作为对来自计算机部件3和其他组件13的数据信号的反应，控制板1036启动冷却风扇1038并输送给启动镇流器15伏的电压。在一秒钟内，镇流器输送3000-4000伏的峰值电压到灯1032，以激发弧光。灯热后，使用者可选择50％、75％或100％照度级。作为对选择的反应，控制板1036按前面所讨论的在10至15伏范围内改变输送给镇流器1034的电压，以改变灯发出的光线的照度。无论发光强度如何，灯1032把光聚焦到眼底照明灯纤维丝1010的连接器端部。光线通过纤维丝1010并从眼底照明灯1002的细管端头射光，照亮眼底照灯对准的眼睛部位。
如前所述，本发明的眼底照明灯系统1000输送足够亮的高照度光，用于在眼科手术时照亮病人眼睛的后部。此外，该系统1000是高效节能的。还有，本系统1000产生具有高色温的光，并能够与具有塑料连接器的光导纤维眼底照明灯一起使用。
由上述情况可以看出，本发明的几个目的得以实现并取得了其它优良成效。
由于不脱离本发明范围的情况下可对上述结构进行改进，上面的描述或附图只是解释性的，而无限制意义。

Claims (27)

1.一种在眼科手术中用于照亮病人眼睛后部的眼底照明灯系统，该系统包括：
一个有相对的第一端和第二端的光导纤维眼底照明灯，该眼底照明灯用于把从第一端进入的光传输到第二端，所述第二端大小作成可放进病人的眼睛中，以便把从所述第一端传到所述第二端的光投射到病人眼睛的后部上；
一个金属卤化物弧光放电灯，用于产生聚焦光束；以及
一个座架，用来把光导纤维眼底照明灯的所述第一端相对灯固定，以使所述第一端处于灯产生的所述聚集光束中并对准，从而使灯产生的光进入所述第一端并传向所述第二端。
2.一种与光导纤维眼底照明灯配合使用以在眼科手术中用于照亮病人眼睛后部的眼底照明灯光源，该光源包括：
一个金属卤化物弧光放电灯，用来产生具有5000°至6000°K色温的聚焦光束；以及
一个座架，用来把光导纤维眼底照明灯的第一端固定在灯产生的所述聚集光束中，以便眼底照明灯将光传向与所述第一端相对的眼底照明灯的第二端。
3.如权利要求2所述的眼底照明灯光源，其特征在于：它还包括用于减小40％以上的光束强度而不会减少600°K以上的色温的装置。
4.如权利要求2所述的眼底照明灯光源，其特征在于，传过光导纤维眼底照明灯的所述光束具有角度分布，并且该光源还包括用于改变光强而不影响光束角度分布的装置。
5.如权利要求4所述的眼底照明灯光源，其特征在于，用于改变所述光强的装置包括一个控制装置，用于改变供应到灯的电压从而改变光强。
6.一种与光导纤维眼底照明灯配合使用以在眼科手术中用于照亮病人眼睛后部的眼底照明灯光源，该光源包括：
一个产生聚焦光束的灯；以及
一个具有一个灯固定器和一个眼底照明灯固定器的整体座架，灯固定器形状做成使得灯保持在座架中的一个固定位置，眼底照明灯固定器用来把光导纤维眼底照明灯的第一端相对灯保持在一个固定位置，其中所述第一端处于灯产生的所述聚集光束中以使眼底照明灯将光传到与所述第一端相对的眼底照明灯的第二端，该座架有一通道以使气流流过座架通过对流传热方式冷却灯和所述眼底照明灯的第一端。
7.如权利要求6所述的眼底照明灯光源，其特征在于，它还包括用于产生气流的冷却风扇，风扇安装成使得所述气流流过座架通道，从而通过对流传热方式冷却灯和眼底照明灯的第一端。
8.如权利要求7所述的眼底照明灯光源，其特征在于，所述通道相对于灯产生的光束横向延伸。
9.如权利要求6所述的眼底照明灯光源，其特征在于，它还包括一个安装在灯和眼底照明灯所述第一端之间的滤光器。
10.如权利要求9所述的眼底照明灯光源，其特征在于，该滤光器减少了从灯传到眼底照明灯所述第一端的紫外光。
11.如权利要求6所述的眼底照明灯光源，其特征在于，该座架将眼底照明灯所述第一端相对所述光束成一角度固定。
12.如权利要求11所述的眼底照明灯光源，其特征在于，该座架将眼底照明灯所述第一端相对所述光束成约15度角固定。
13.一种与光导纤维眼底照明灯配合使用以在眼科手术中用于照亮病人眼睛后部的眼底照明灯光源，该光源包括：
一个产生聚焦光束的弧光放电灯；
一个产生气流的冷却风扇，风扇安装成使得所述气流沿着相对灯产生的光束的横向方向流向灯，从而通过对流传热方式冷却灯；以及
一个座架，用于把光导纤维眼底照明灯的第一端固定在灯产生的所述聚集光束中，以使所述眼底照明灯将光传到与所述第一端相对的眼底照明灯的第二端，该座架做成可固定光导纤维眼底照明灯以使所述第一端伸进冷却风扇产生的所述气流中，从而通过对流传热方式冷却所述眼底照明灯的第一端。
14.如权利要求13所述的眼底照明灯光源，其特征在于，它还包括一个外壳，用于封闭灯、风扇和座架，外壳有沿着相对灯产生的光束的横向方向延伸的通道以把所述气流导向灯，外壳具有位于通道相对端的第一和第二开口，风扇装在通道中。
15.如权利要求14所述的眼底照明灯光源，其特征在于，所述第一外壳开口位于外壳的底面，所述第二外壳开口位于外壳的后面，并且风扇被定向以使气流由第一开口吸入、由第二开口排出。
16.如权利要求15所述的眼底照明灯光源，其特征在于，所述风扇安装在靠近所述第二外壳开口处。
17.如权利要求6所述的眼底照明灯光源，其特征在于，它还包括一个产生气流的冷却风扇，风扇被安装成使得所述气流流过座架通道，从而通过对流传热方式冷却灯和所述眼底照明灯第一端。
18.如权利要求17所述的眼底照明灯光源，其特征在于，所述通道相对灯产生的光束横向延伸。
19.如权利要求6所述的眼底照明灯光源，其特征在于，它还包括一个安装在灯和眼底照明灯所述第一端之间的滤光器。
20.如权利要求19所述的眼底照明灯光源，其特征在于，该滤光器减少了由灯传到眼底照明灯所述第一端的紫外光。
21.如权利要求6所述的眼底照明灯光源，其特征在于，该座架将眼底照明灯所述第一端相对所述光束成一角度固定。
22.如权利要求21所述的眼底照明灯光源，其特征在于，该座架将眼底照明灯所述第一端相对所述光束成约15度角固定。
23.一种与光导纤维眼底照明灯配合使用以在眼科手术中用于照亮病人眼睛后部的眼底照明灯光源，该光源包括：
一个产生聚焦光束的弧光放电灯；
一个架座，用于将光导纤维眼底照明灯的第一端的连接器固定以使所述第一端位于所述聚集光束中，以便眼底照明灯将光传到与所述第一端相对的眼底照明灯的第二端；以及
一个位于灯和光导纤维眼底照明灯所述第一端之间的固定热屏蔽板，用于使眼底照明灯连接器与热量隔绝，并把热量从眼底照明灯导向与所述眼底照明灯连接器间隔开的一个热量吸收器，该热屏蔽板有一个其大小能使光进入光导纤维眼底照明灯第一端的孔。
24.如权利要求23所述的眼底照明灯光源，其特征在于，所述的热量吸收器与座架整体地形成。
25.如权利要求23所述的眼底照明灯光源，其特征在于，它还包括一个产生气流的冷却风扇，风扇被安装成使气流流过热量吸收器，从而冷却热量吸收器。
26.如权利要求6所述的眼底照明灯光源，其特征在于，该座架将眼底照明灯所述第一端相对所述光束成一角度固定。
27.如权利要求26所述的眼底照明灯光源，其特征在于，该座架将眼底照明灯所述第一端相对所述光束成约15度角固定。
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CNB971992770A Expired - Lifetime CN1154440C (zh) 1996-08-29 1997-08-28 采用闪速eeprom和可重新编程模块的眼科显微手术系统
CNB971992819A Expired - Fee Related CN1168420C (zh) 1996-08-29 1997-08-28 多个眼科显微手术器械的控制系统
CNB971992193A Expired - Lifetime CN1146363C (zh) 1996-08-29 1997-08-28 具有神经元芯片通信的外科模块
CNB971981566A Expired - Fee Related CN1161078C (zh) 1996-08-29 1997-08-28 外科手术机头
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