CN1249891C - 混合传动装置 - Google Patents

混合传动装置 Download PDF

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CN1249891C
CN1249891C CNB2003101149335A CN200310114933A CN1249891C CN 1249891 C CN1249891 C CN 1249891C CN B2003101149335 A CNB2003101149335 A CN B2003101149335A CN 200310114933 A CN200310114933 A CN 200310114933A CN 1249891 C CN1249891 C CN 1249891C
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housing
motor
speed change
generator device
inboard
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CN1501569A (zh
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清水宏文
中野正树
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Nissan Motor Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B60K6/405Housings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/445Differential gearing distribution type
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/543Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a continuously variable transmission
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H3/00Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/72Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously
    • F16H3/727Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously with at least two dynamo electric machines for creating an electric power path inside the gearing, e.g. using generator and motor for a variable power torque path
    • F16H3/728Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously with at least two dynamo electric machines for creating an electric power path inside the gearing, e.g. using generator and motor for a variable power torque path with means to change ratio in the mechanical gearing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/006Structural association of a motor or generator with the drive train of a motor vehicle
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/02Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units comprising more than one electric motor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/003Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H37/00Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/10Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing at both ends of intermediate shafts
    • F16H2037/103Power split variators with each end of the CVT connected or connectable to a Ravigneaux set
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H2200/00Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/202Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the type of Ravigneaux set
    • F16H2200/2025Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the type of Ravigneaux set using a Ravigneaux set with 5 connections
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62Hybrid vehicles

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种混合传动装置,将一个差速变速装置安装在发动机附近某一位置处的壳体中并且使其与一根公共轴同轴设置,将一个双转子型马达/发电机装置安装在远离发动机的某一位置处的壳体中并且使其与公共轴同轴设置。马达/发电机装置具有内侧和外侧转子以及一个线路。使一根内侧转子轴与内侧转子相连以便一起转动。内侧转子轴与公共轴同轴延伸,以与差速变速装置可操纵地相连。使一根外侧转子轴与外侧转子相连以便一起转动。外侧转子轴与公共轴同轴延伸,以与差速变速装置可操纵地相连。所述壳体具有一个对开部分,在该对开部分处,所述壳体可分为两个壳体部分,并且对开部分位于差速变速装置和马达/发电机装置之间。

Description

混合传动装置
技术领域
本发明通常涉及一种用于轮式车辆的混合传动装置,更特别涉及有助于将差速变速装置的部件组装在传动装置的壳体内的混合传动装置。
背景技术
在日本专利申请公开文献2000-014081中给出了一种上述类型的混合传动装置。
即,该公开文献的混合传动装置通常包括一个差速变速装置以及一个双转子型马达/发电机装置,所述差速变速装置和双转子型马达/发电机装置同轴设置在一根公共轴上并且安装在一个公共壳体中。在安装在车辆上时,以将变速装置设置在马达/发电机装置和发动机之间的方式,使传动装置位于发动机的旁边。可操纵地将发动机从所述变速装置的一个轴端连接至变速装置的规定部件并且可操纵地使马达/发电机装置从所述变速装置的另一轴端连接至变速装置的规定部件上。即,同心设置在公共轴上的马达/发电机装置的内侧和外侧转子分别通过内侧转子轴和外侧转子轴与变速装置的规定部分相连。外侧转子轴实际上呈圆柱空心结构并且同心绕内侧转子轴设置。另外,在已知的传动装置中,使马达/发电机装置的电磁铁的线路从远离发动机的壳体的轴端通向壳体的外侧并使其暴露于壳体的外侧。
发明内容
但是,由于其特有的结构,因此,上述已知的混合传动装置往往存在以下缺陷。
即,在已知的传动装置中,与变速装置的主要部分相比,变速装置的一个输出齿轮更靠近发动机,并且该输出齿轮经一个轴承、由壳体可转动地支承。相对于所述输出齿轮,与变速装置的一侧相比,这种结构会使壳体的对开部分位于发动机的一侧。如所知道的那样,对开部分为使壳体分为两个壳体部分的部分。但是,该对开部分的结构不可避免地产生在组装传动装置的过程中,难以将变速装置的各个部分放置在壳体中较深的已定的有限空间中。
另外,在上述已知的传动装置中,来自马达/发电机装置的线路的布置会增大传动装置的轴向长度。其原因在于:远离发动机的壳体的轴端必须形成合适的结构,通过该结构,使线路通向传动装置(或壳体)的外侧。
因此,本发明的一个目的在于提供了一种能够克服上述缺陷的混合传动装置。
根据本发明的第一个方面,提供了一种混合传动装置,其包括:壳体,该壳体在其中具有公共轴,在将混合传动装置安装在车辆上时,所述壳体适于设置在发动机的旁边;差速变速装置,其安装在所述壳体中并且与公共轴同轴设置;双转子型马达/发电机装置,该装置安装在所述壳体中并且与公共轴同轴设置,所述马达/发电机装置具有内侧和外侧转子以及连接线路;内侧转子轴,该轴与内侧转子相连以便一起转动,该内侧转子轴与公共轴同轴并且延伸至所述差速变速装置,以与该装置可操纵地相连;以及外侧转子轴,该轴与外侧转子相连以便一起转动,该外侧转子轴与公共轴同轴并延伸至所述差速变速装置,以与该装置可操纵地相连;其中,所述壳体具有对开部分,在该部分处,所述壳体可分为两个壳体部分,对开部分位于差速变速装置和马达/发电机装置之间。
根据本发明的第二个方面,在第一方面的基础上提供了一种混合传动装置,所述内侧转子轴是空心的,所述外侧转子轴可转动地容纳在空心内侧转子轴中,该外侧转子轴经连接件与外侧转子相连,所述连接件位于马达/发电机装置的一个轴向端处,该轴向端与面向差速变速装置的另一轴向端相对,马达/发电机装置的线路暴露于马达/发电机装置和差速变速装置之间的空间并经形成于在壳体内对开部分附近的开孔、通向并暴露于外壳的外侧。
根据本发明的第三个方面,在第一方面的基础上提供了一种混合传动装置,所述壳体具有一个直径减小部分,所述内侧转子轴是空心的,所述外侧转子轴可转动地容纳在空心内侧转子轴中,该外侧转子轴经连接件与外侧转子相连,所述连接件位于马达/发电机装置的一个轴向端处,该轴向端与面向差速变速装置的另一轴向端相对,所述对开部分位于直径减小部分的附近,马达/发电机装置的线路暴露于马达/发电机装置和差速变速装置之间的空间并经形成于壳体的直径减小部分的开孔通向并暴露于壳体的外侧。
附图说明
图1为沿一给定平面所作的本发明的混合传动装置的剖面图;
图2为放大的内部视图,其显示了从第一对开部分M1所示的、在除去一个输出齿轮情况下的本发明混合传动装置的中央壳体部分;以及
图3为沿一不同于图1中的平面所作的本发明混合传动装置的主要部分的放大剖面图。
具体实施方式
在以下的内容中,将借助附图对本发明的混合传动装置作详细说明。
为便于说明,在说明书中使用了各种方向术语,如右,左,上,下,向右等。但是,根据显示了相应部分或部件的附图将能理解这些术语。
参见图1,其以剖面方式显示了本发明的混合传动装置100。
所示的混合传动装置100为一个用作FF(即,前置式发动机前轮驱动)型汽车的变速驱动桥的例子。因此,在图1中,横向安装的发动机ENG位于混合传动装置100的右侧。即,在附图中,上侧表示相关汽车的前部,下侧表示汽车的后部,左侧表示汽车的左侧,而右侧表示汽车的右侧。
如图1所示,传动装置100包括一个壳体,该壳体包括一个右壳体部分1,一个中央壳体部分2以及一个左壳体部分3,将这些壳体部分组装在一起以构成一个整体壳体。
如图所示,在第一对开部分M1处,使右侧和中央壳体部分1和2结合在一起,而在第二对开部分M2处,使中央和左侧壳体部分2和3结合在一起。对开部分M1或M2为两个壳体部分(1和2)或(2和3)中相应的相对边缘彼此紧密接触的部分。
在组装在车辆上时,如上面说明的那样,在图1的情况下,使一台发动机(即,内燃机)ENG位于传动装置100的右侧。
在传动装置壳体的右部,即在由右侧和中央壳体部分1和2限定的部分,安装一差速变速装置4,该装置包括一个维列奥克斯行星齿轮系统。而在传动装置壳体的左部,即在由中央和左侧壳体部分2和3限定的部分,安装一个双转子型马达/发电机装置5。装置5例如为一种组合电流式双层绕组马达。
差速变速装置4和马达/发电机装置5同轴设置在传动装置壳体的一根公共轴O1上。除了轴O1以外,还设置一根中间轴(未示出),该中间轴安装在壳体中并且平行于轴O1延伸。另外,除了轴O1以外,另一根轴O2平行于轴O1延伸,绕轴O2设置一个差动齿轮装置6。
差速变速装置4通常包括第一和第二行星齿轮装置7和8,这些行星齿轮装置共同使用了长的小齿轮P1。第一行星齿轮装置7通常包括一个太阳齿轮Ss,一个冠状齿轮Rs和与太阳齿轮Ss和冠状齿轮Rs啮合的长的小齿轮P1。第二行星齿轮装置8通常包括一个太阳齿轮Sd,一个冠状齿轮Rd,长的小齿轮P1和较大直径的短的小齿轮P2。短的小齿轮P2与太阳齿轮Sd和冠状齿轮Rd啮合,并且与长的小齿轮P1啮合。
在差速变速装置4中,冠状齿轮Rd,短的小齿轮P2,长的小齿轮P1和太阳齿轮Ss构成了一个所谓双游星行星齿轮装置,并且所有的短的小齿轮和长的小齿轮P1和P2均由一个公共小齿轮支架C可转动地支承。
在其中安装有上述维列奥克斯行星齿轮机构的差速变速装置4使用了四个主要的转动件(即,太阳齿轮Ss,太阳齿轮Sd,冠状齿轮Rs和小齿轮支架C)作为主要部件,以便提供一种双自由度型差速变速装置,在这种装置中,当确定了四个转动件中两个转动件的速度时,便能自动确定另两个转动件的转动速度。
绕冠状齿轮Rs,设置一个离合器C1,通过该离合器,将一输入轴9的转动输入给冠状齿轮Rs。输入轴9由发动机ENG提供动力。小齿轮支架C经花键连接件与一根设置在差速变速装置4和马达/发电机装置5之间的输出轴10相连。
在输出轴10和差动齿轮装置6之间,设置多个齿轮,这些齿轮设置在上述中间轴(未示出)上,通过该中间轴,将输出齿轮10的扭矩传递至差动齿轮装置6,并随后传递至用于转向的前左侧和右侧驱动车轮(未示出)的驱动轴11和12。
马达/发电机装置5通常包括一个环状定子21,一个内侧转子22以及一个外侧转子23,所述环状定子21在其上安装有电磁铁,所述内侧转子22在其中埋设有永久磁铁且同心、可转动地设置在环状转子2中,所述外侧转子23在其中埋设有永久磁铁且同心、可转动地绕环状定子21设置。因此,环状定子21,内侧转子22和外侧转子23构成了一种所谓的三层圆柱结构。如上面已描述的那样,将具有上述结构的马达/发电机装置5安装在由中央壳体部分2和左侧壳体部分3限定的空间内。
如图1所示,环状定子21和内侧转子22构成了一个第一马达/发电机装置部分MG1,而环状定子21和外侧转子23构成了一个第二马达/发电机装置部分MG2。因此,第一马达/发电机装置部分MG1设置在第二马达/发电机装置部分MG2的内侧。
装置部分MG1和MG2中的每一个均具有两种功能,一个是马达功能,其中,当供给了组合电流时,其能够使转子22或23转动,以由电流特性确定的转动速度和转动方向使转子22或23转动,并且另一个功能是起到发电机的功能,其中,当通过转子22或23施加能量时,其能够产生电能,该电能的特性由转子22或23的转动速度确定。
为了将马达/发电机装置5安装在由中央和左侧壳体部分2和3限定的规定空间内,在本发明中,使用了以下措施。
如图1所示,通过螺栓将一轴承固定架24固定至中央壳体部分2的壁部分上。沿轴向将环状定子21右端固定至轴承固定架24上,以便通过传动装置壳体牢固地固定环状定子21。一根空心内侧转子轴25在其后侧加大部分牢固地设置在内侧转子22中,并且使轴25的前侧细长部分通过轴承固定架24的中央孔,并且使该细长部分向前或向右伸出至右壳体部分1,以使其可操作地与太阳齿轮Sd连接或结合。
在空心内侧转子轴25中,插入一根外侧转子轴26,该轴可相对于内侧转子轴25转动。外侧转子轴26具有一个从内侧转子轴25的前部开口端向前伸出的右侧细长部分,以便可操作地与另一太阳齿轮Ss连接或结合。
使一块圆形驱动板27与外侧转子23的左端相连。通过一个齿形连接件,使驱动板27的一个中央孔与外侧转子轴26的左端相连,以便使外侧转子23与外侧转子轴26相连,从而使它们一起转动。经一轴承28,通过左侧壳体部分3可转动地支承驱动板27的径向内部,以便驱动板27起到外侧转子23的左侧部分的支承件的作用。
同时,使一块圆形端板29与外侧转子23的右端相连。为了实现这种连接,应使端板29的周边凸缘29a和外侧转子23的周边凸缘23a靠拢并且通过螺栓30将它们牢固地连接在一起。因此,能够将端板29牢固地连接至外侧转子23的右端,以便使它们一起转动。经一轴承31,通过中央壳体部分2的轴承固定架24可转动地支承端板29的径向内侧部分,以便端板29起到外侧转子23右端的支承件的作用。
可操作地使一个轴承32置于驱动板27的径向内侧部分和内侧转子轴25的左端部分之间,以便经内侧转子轴25、通过左侧壳体部分3可转动地支承内侧转子22的左端。
用于冷却环状定子21的冷却水流动结构CWFS包括多条形成在中央壳体部分2的壁部分中的冷却水通道2b以及一条形成在支承固定架24中的冷却水通道33。
应强调的是:冷却水流动结构CWFS和环状定子21中电磁铁的接线34均应设置在差速变速装置4和马达/发电机装置5之间的某一位置处。采用这种结构,由于壳体的轴向左侧端不必形成使接线34通过而暴露于壳体外部的结构,因此,能够缩短传动装置壳体(1+2+3)的轴向长度。在上面提到的日本专利申请公开文献2000-014081中的传动装置中,在传动装置壳体的轴向左端上设置了这种结构。在本发明中,由于传动装置具有紧凑的结构,因此,装有驱动轴11和12的转向前左侧驱动轮和右侧驱动轮具有较大的转向角度。
除了附图1以外,借助图2和3所作的以下说明,将能更清楚地理解本发明的混合传动装置100中各部分的结构。
图2为在除去了输出齿轮10的情况下,从第一对开部分M1的位置所示的中央壳体部分2的内侧部分的视图。图3为沿不同于图1的平面所示的本发明的混合传动装置的主要部分的放大剖面图。
如图1和2所示,第一对开部分M1大致位于马达/发电机装置5和差速变速装置4之间,上述冷却水流动结构CWFS和线路34也设置在马达/发电机装置5和差速变速装置4之间,并且这些冷却水流动结构CWFS和线路34由中央壳体部分2固定。
从附图(特别是图1和2)能够理解,导引环状定子21的电磁铁的线路34并使其由中央壳体部分2的径向缩小部分2a暴露于传动装置壳体的外侧。
如图3所示,线路34包括一个环状内部馈电装置35,其设置在由环状定子21限定的中央孔腔的右端。在附图中所示的装置35与公共轴O1同心设置。所述装置35包括多根环状导电条,这些导电条通过相应的绝缘体彼此重叠放置。所述导电条经多根导线与定子21的电磁铁的线圈相连。
如图2所示,线路34还包括:两组供电单元,每一组单元均包括内部连接器36A或36B,一根外侧馈电电缆37A或37B以及一个外部连接器单元38A或38B,它们以下文所述的方式相连。
将内部连接器36A或36B安装在轴承固定架24上并且通过相应的导线与上述环状内部馈电装置35的导电条相连。外侧馈电电缆37A或37B包括多根扁平导电条,这些导电条通过相应的绝缘体彼此重叠放置。使内部连接器36A或36B分别与外侧馈电电缆37A或37B的导电条的左端相连。使外侧馈电电缆37A或37B的导电条的右端与外部连接器单元38A或38B的相应终端相连。每一个外部连接器单元38A或38B均固定在形成于中央壳体部分2的径向减小部分2a的孔中。因此,当从传动装置壳体的外侧,将预定的两个外插头装置(未示出)插入外部连接器单元38A或38B的相应插座内时,建立了定子21的线圈和一个电源(未示出)之间的电连接。
如图2所示,使中央壳体部分2的壁部分的冷却水通道2b通向相应的外侧管2c,这些外侧管通过一个连接器2d与中央壳体部分2的直径减小部分2a相连。
下面,将对本发明的优点进行说明。
如上文所述,在本发明中,使可以将壳体分为右侧壳体部分1和中央壳体部分2的第一对开部分M1位于马达/发电机装置5和差速变速装置4之间。因此,在保持右侧和中央壳体部分1和2未结合的混合传动装置100的组装期间,易于进行将装置4和5的各种部件放入它们在右侧和中央壳体部分1和2中的规定位置处的操作。
另外,在本发明中,如上文所述,外侧转子轴26穿过空心内侧转子轴25,并且外侧转子23通过圆形驱动板27与外侧转子轴26相连,所述圆形驱动板27位于马达/发电机装置5中与朝向差速变速装置4的另一轴向端相对的一个轴向端处,并且,在图1中,环状定子21中电磁铁的线路34通向马达/发电机装置5的右侧并且从位于第一对开部分M1附近的中央壳体部分2的直径减小部分2a通向传动装置壳体的外侧。因此,由于壳体不必在其轴向端(通过该端部,线路通向传动装置壳体的外侧)准备任何结构,因此,能够减小混合传动装置10的轴向长度。另外,由于位于线路34和第一对开部分M1之间的封闭件,因此,能够容易地实现布置线路34并将其装配在第二壳体部分2中的工作。另外,由于使用了两组供电装置,因此,可以预想将能减小线路34的电阻。
另外,由于中央壳体部分2中直径减小部分的设置,因此,在直径上能够减小为泵送冷却水而绕中央壳体部分2设置的环状电泵(未示出),从而有助于实现本发明的混合传动装置100的小型化。这种电泵的操作需要在操纵马达/发电机装置5同时发动机处于静止的条件下进行。
由于通过中央壳体部分2的壁部分限定的冷却水通道2b终止于直径减小的部分2a附近,因此可以减小通道2b的长度,从而能减小水流动阻力。
日本专利申请2002-330652(申请日为2002年11月14日)以及2002-330799(申请日为2002年11月14日)的整个内容可在本申请中参考使用。
虽然根据本发明的实施例已描述了本发明,但是本发明不应局限于上述这些实施例中。根据以上的说明,本领域技术人员可对这些实施例作出各种改进和改变。

Claims (10)

1.一种混合传动装置,其包括:
壳体,该壳体在其中具有公共轴,在将混合传动装置安装在车辆上时,所述壳体适于设置在发动机的旁边;
差速变速装置,其安装在所述壳体中并且与公共轴同轴设置;
双转子型马达/发电机装置,该装置安装在所述壳体中并且与公共轴同轴设置,所述马达/发电机装置具有内侧和外侧转子以及连接线路;
内侧转子轴,该轴与内侧转子相连以便一起转动,该内侧转子轴与公共轴同轴并且延伸至所述差速变速装置,以与该装置可操纵地相连;以及
外侧转子轴,该轴与外侧转子相连以便一起转动,该外侧转子轴与公共轴同轴并延伸至所述差速变速装置,以与该装置可操纵地相连;
其中,所述壳体具有对开部分,在该部分处,所述壳体可分为两个壳体部分,对开部分位于差速变速装置和马达/发电机装置之间。
2.根据权利要求1所述的混合传动装置,其中:外侧转子轴同心容纳在空心的内侧转子轴中,所述外侧转子经连接件与外侧转子轴相连,所述连接件位于马达/发电机装置的一个轴向端处,该轴向端与面向差速变速装置的另一轴向端相对,马达/发电机装置的线路暴露于马达/发电机装置和差速变速装置之间的空间且经形成于在对开部分附近的壳体中的开孔,通向并暴露于壳体的外侧。
3.根据权利要求2所述的混合传动装置,其中:连接件为圆形驱动板,其具有固定至外侧转子上的周边部分以及通过锯齿形连接件与外侧转子轴相连的中央开孔。
4.根据权利要求2所述的混合传动装置,其中:使线路暴露于外侧的壳体的开孔设置在壳体中直径缩小的部分。
5.根据权利要求2所述的混合传动装置,其中:所述线路包括:
同心且稳定地安装在马达/发电机装置中的环状内侧馈电装置,该环状内侧馈电装置具有相互绝缘的导电条,这些导电条与马达/发电机装置的定子的电磁铁的线圈相连;
内侧连接器,这些连接器固定至壳体上且分别与环状内侧馈电装置的导电条相连;
外侧馈电电缆,其具有分别连接至内侧连接器上的相互绝缘的导电条;以及
与壳体的开孔相连的外部连接器单元,所述外部连接器单元具有多个终端,这些终端分别与外侧馈电电缆的相互绝缘导电条相连。
6.根据权利要求5所述的混合传动装置,其还包括:多条冷却水通道,这些通道形成在壳体的壁部,以便为了使马达/发电机装置的定子冷却而使冷却水流过该处。
7.根据权利要求6所述的混合传动装置,其中:壳体的壁部设有轴承固定架,该固定架具有内侧和外侧转子轴通过的中央孔,并且马达/发电机装置的定子固定在该中央孔中。
8.根据权利要求1所述的混合传动装置,其中:轴承固定件具有冷却水通道,该通道与壳体的壁部的冷却水通道汇合。
9.根据权利要求1所述的混合传动装置,其中:所述内侧转子轴是空心的,所述外侧转子轴可转动地容纳在空心内侧转子轴中,该外侧转子轴经连接件与外侧转子相连,所述连接件位于马达/发电机装置的一个轴向端处,该轴向端与面向差速变速装置的另一轴向端相对,马达/发电机装置的线路暴露于马达/发电机装置和差速变速装置之间的空间并经形成于在壳体内对开部分附近的开孔、通向并暴露于外壳的外侧。
10.如权利要求1所述的混合传动装置,其中:所述壳体具有一个直径减小部分,所述内侧转子轴是空心的,所述外侧转子轴可转动地容纳在空心内侧转子轴中,该外侧转子轴经连接件与外侧转子相连,所述连接件位于马达/发电机装置的一个轴向端处,该轴向端与面向差速变速装置的另一轴向端相对,所述对开部分位于直径减小部分的附近,马达/发电机装置的线路暴露于马达/发电机装置和差速变速装置之间的空间并经形成于壳体的直径减小部分的开孔通向并暴露于壳体的外侧。
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