CN1243911A - 相对于传动轮改变轴的相对旋转位置的装置 - Google Patents

相对于传动轮改变轴的相对旋转位置的装置 Download PDF

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CN1243911A
CN1243911A CN99111850A CN99111850A CN1243911A CN 1243911 A CN1243911 A CN 1243911A CN 99111850 A CN99111850 A CN 99111850A CN 99111850 A CN99111850 A CN 99111850A CN 1243911 A CN1243911 A CN 1243911A
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CN1089848C (zh
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B·尼塔默
A·克内希特
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F Boer Honorary Doctor Of Engineering (company Number 722287)
Hilite Germany GmbH
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Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
Hydraulik Ring GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/3442—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/3442—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
    • F01L2001/34423—Details relating to the hydraulic feeding circuit
    • F01L2001/34436—Features or method for avoiding malfunction due to foreign matters in oil
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/3442—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
    • F01L2001/3445—Details relating to the hydraulic means for changing the angular relationship
    • F01L2001/34479—Sealing of phaser devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/21—Elements
    • Y10T74/2101—Cams
    • Y10T74/2102—Adjustable

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Pulleys (AREA)

Abstract

相对于传动轮改变轴的相对旋转位置的本发明装置具有一个调节装置,调节装置的两个相互作用的压力腔可用压力介质泵加载。调节装置由一个带腹板的内置件组成。在朝向内置件的腹板的叶轮的周面中加工有多个轴向延伸的槽,这些槽用来容纳由压力介质带入压力腔中的脏颗粒。

Description

相对于传动轮改变轴的 相对旋转位置的装置
本发明涉及一种相对于传动轮，尤其在内燃机的凸轮轴改变轴的相对旋转位置的装置。
一种这类装置例如由EP 0 781 899 A1所公开。该文件描述了一种改变内燃机凸轮轴的旋转位置的装置，其中，凸轮轴牢固与一个内置轮相连，该内置轮具有径向设置的叶片，这些叶片将叶轮的相应小室划分为总是两个相互作用的压力腔。这些压力腔经控制阀可用液压加载。根据当时的压力加载情况，内置轮可相对于叶轮转动。叶轮径向延伸的壁在其径向外侧设有容纳经压力介质带入压力腔中的脏颗粒的槽。根据凸轮轴的旋转方向，压力介质中的脏颗粒由于其上作用的加速度和惯性基本上聚集在两个槽的一个中。这一槽是指沿旋转方向位于后面的槽。位于内置件的叶片或腹板前侧的脏颗粒虽然由于其相对运动而被压入叶轮的前槽中，但是由于其惯性不能留在那里。因此，在这类调节装置中有下述危险，即，特别小的脏颗粒会进入叶片或腹板和叶轮之间的密封间隙中并引起明显的磨损和密封效果变差。此外，脏颗粒进入这一密封范围还会引起明显过热的摩擦，这对于要达到足够快的调节就需要明显较高的压力。此外，这种在相邻小室之间的壁中的槽需要相当大的壁厚并位于不利于张紧的区域。因为槽而需要的大的壁厚减小了相邻小室沿周向的宽度，从而总体减小了调节角度。
相反，本发明的目的旨在改进上述类型的调节装置，能够使压力介质中的脏颗粒沉积在压力腔的非关键区域，在密封面范围没有高的摩擦危险和/或高的磨损。
上述目的是由主权利要求的特征实现的。
通过将槽设置在径向外周面而阻止了由于加速度作用而聚集在槽中的脏颗粒因惯性而再次进入叶片或腹板和叶轮的周面之间的密封面中。此外，通过将槽设置在周面中而不减少径向小室壁的厚度，这样获得了最大可能的调节角度。
如果在每个压力腔的圆周的周面中加工多个槽，则可以按特别有利的方式减少脏颗粒沿着周面回移直至它可以沉积在槽中的路径。
如果槽沿着轴向延伸在压力腔的整个长度上，则叶轮的加工特别简单，并可获得相当大的体积来容纳脏颗粒。
将槽设置在周面并因而在内置件的相邻腹板的密封面的范围而可以保证良好的密封，只要槽的宽度沿周向选择成，分别至少两个槽由腹板的相邻端面密封。位于槽之间的周面部分具有操作调节装置足够的密封长度。
如果槽的宽度和/或槽的间距小于相邻腹板宽度的20％，则可以获得特别良好的周面密封效果。
如果槽的宽度和/或间距小于相邻腹板的宽度的10％，则获得再次改善了的密封效果。
如果槽的宽度约为0.5～1mm，则在高密封效果的同时获得了良好的和快速地接纳脏颗粒。沿径向方向的深度最好在0.2～0.5mm的范围。例如，槽可以具有矩形的横截面。如果槽具有约半圆形的横截面，其开口范围向内腔略呈锥形，则具有特别有利于加工的结构。
周面上带槽的叶轮可以按特别有利和廉价的方式作为烧结构件制作。容纳脏颗粒的槽可以在烧结过程中一起制成。烧结过程之后周面的加工如同无槽的构件一样不需要进一步的费用或花费。
由从属权利要求和说明书中可获得本发明的其它优点和有利的改进结构。
在下面的说明书和附图中进一步说明本发明的一个实施例，其中：
图1表示从离开凸轮轴一侧看去的调节装置的视图；
图2表示沿着图1的剖面线II-II的剖面，
图3表示图1的放大视图。
在附图中，1表示内燃机的凸轮轴，在其自由端牢固设置有一个调节装置3的内置件2。内置件2在这一实施例中设有四个径向布置的腹板4a-4d。该内置件被一个叶轮5所包围，叶轮5按未详细描述的方式与内燃机的曲轴相连，从而作为传动轮起作用。叶轮5设有四个向内伸的径向腹板6a-6d，在它们之间构成四个小室。这些小室由内置件的腹板分别划分为两个压力腔7a-7d或8a-8d。这些压力腔被设计成有效的液压面积的总和在两个调节方向上是相同的。压力腔7a-7d分别经内置件中的径向孔9a-9d与凸轮轴1上的环形槽10相连。压力腔8a-8d以类的方式经内置件中的径向孔11a-11d与凸轮轴的第二环形槽12相连。环形槽10与压力通道14相连，环形通道12与压力通道13相连。压力通道13、14按本身已知的方式经凸轮轴的轴承15分别与控制管16、17相连。这两根控制管16和17连接在设计为一个例如三位四通阀的控制阀18上。控制阀18一方面与压力介质泵19，另一方面与油箱20相连。
在图2所示的开关位置(中性位置)，所有四个连接在控制阀18上的接头都被封闭。因此，调节装置3是液压闭锁的，并保留其所占据的内置件和叶轮5的位置关系。在控制阀18的开关位置I，压力腔7a-7d经孔9a-9d、环形槽10、压力通道14和管17由压力介质泵19加载。同时压力腔8a-8d经孔11a-11d、环形槽12、压力通道13和控制管16向油箱20卸载。通过在压力腔7a-7d中建立压力和同时卸去压力腔8a-8d中的压力，图1所示的内置轮沿逆时针方向相对于叶轮转动。在控制阀18的开关位置II，控制管16与压力介质泵19相连，控制管17与油箱20相连。因此，压力腔8a-8d经上述的导油通道用压力加载，和压力腔7a-7d卸载。因此，内置件2相对于叶轮5沿顺时针方向转动。
如图1和图3的放大局部图所示，叶轮5的腹板6a-6d分别用其端侧密封地贴在内置件2的内圆周面21上。内置件的腹板4a-4d用其沿圆周方向拱起的端侧23密封地贴在叶轮5的内周面24上。在内周面24上加工有多个轴向延伸的槽25。这些槽在本实施例中设计成横截面为矩形的纵向槽。其它的横截面形状，例如梯形横截面、三角形横截面或圆形横截面毫无疑问也是可以的。槽25沿轴向在压力腔7a-7d和8a-8d的整个宽度和腹板4a-4d，6a-6d上延伸。这些槽以规则的间距分布在圆周上。在这一实施例中，宽度b和间距d这样选择，即在每一压力腔中设置大约30个槽。用间距d来设定相邻槽的两个相邻侧壁之间的距离。这一距离为分别密封地贴在腹板端侧23上的周面上剩余的腹板26的宽度。端侧23的宽度D或弧长和槽的宽度b以及间距d在这一实施例中是这样相互协调的，即分别有约10个槽25由端侧23覆盖。
槽的宽度b在本实施例中约为0.75mm。然而，槽的宽度b在约0.5mm和1mm之间变化也是不成问题的。槽25沿径向方向的深度在本实施例中为约0.35mm。然而，该深度在约0.2-0.5mm之间的范围变化也是不成问题的。槽25在本实施例中具有大体为矩形的横截面。而将该槽设计成具有大体半圆形的横截面，其开口范围向着内腔略呈锥形也是不成问题的。

Claims (15)

1.相对于传动轮(5)，尤其是内燃机的凸轮轴改变轴(11)的相对旋转位置的装置，具有一可用液压加载的调节装置(3)，该装置具有两个相互作用的压力腔(7a-7d，8a-8d)，它们分别由与轴相连的内置件(2)和与传动轮相连的调节装置的叶轮(5)构成，并在压力腔的壁部分别至少具有一个槽(25)，其特征在于，槽(25)成形在叶轮(5)的径向外周面(24)中。
2.按照权利要求1的相对于传动轮改变轴的相对旋转位置的装置，其特征在于，在每个压力腔(7a-7d，8a-8d)中，在整个圆周的周面(24)中加工有多个槽(25)。
3.按照权利要求1或2的相对于传动轮改变轴的相对旋转位置的装置，其特征在于，槽(25)按规则的间距加工在周面(24)中。
4.按照权利要求3的相对于传动轮改变轴的相对旋转位置的装置，其特征在于，槽(25)沿轴向在压力腔(7a-7d，8a-8d)的整个宽度B上延伸。
5.按照上述权利要求之一的相对于传动轮改变轴的相对旋转位置的装置，其特征在于，槽(25)设计为轴向延伸的槽。
6.按照上述权利要求之一的相对于传动轮改变轴的相对旋转位置的装置，其特征在于，槽(25)的宽度b和间距d选择成，分别至少有两个槽由内置件(2)的腹板(4a-4d)的相邻端面(23)覆盖。
7.按照上述权利要求之一的相对于传动轮改变轴的相对旋转位置的装置，其特征在于，槽(25)沿周向的宽度b小于内置件相邻腹板(25)的宽度D的1/5。
8.按照上述权利要求之一的相对于传动轮改变轴的相对旋转位置的装置，其特征在于，槽(25)的间距d小于内置件的相邻腹板(4a-4d)的宽度d的1/5。
9.按照上述权利要求之一的相对于传动轮改变轴的相对旋转位置的装置，其特征在于，槽沿周向的宽度b小于叶轮相邻腹板(4a-4d)的宽度D的1/10。
10.按照上述权利要求之一的相对于传动轮改变轴的相对旋转位置的装置，其特征在于，槽(25)的间距d小于内置件的相邻腹板(4a-4d)的宽度D的1/10。
11.按照上述权利要求之一的相对于传动轮改变轴的相对旋转位置的装置，其特征在于，叶轮(5)设计为烧结件，槽(25)在烧结过程中一同形成。
12.按照上述权利要求之一的相对于传动轮改变轴的相对旋转位置的装置，其特征在于，槽(25)的宽度b小于等于1mm。
13.按照上述权利要求之一的相对于传动轮改变轴的相对旋转位置的装置，其特征在于，槽(25)的宽度b大于等于0.5mm。
14.按照上述权利要求之一的相对于传动轮改变轴的相对旋转位置的装置，其特征在于，槽(25)的深度小于等于0.5mm。
15.按照上述权利要求之一的相对于传动轮改变轴的相对旋转位置的装置，其特征在于，槽(25)的深度大于等于0.2mm。
CN99111850A 1998-08-01 1999-07-30 相对于传动轮改变轴的相对旋转位置的装置 Expired - Lifetime CN1089848C (zh)

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DE19834843A DE19834843A1 (de) 1998-08-01 1998-08-01 Einrichtung zur relativen Drehlagenänderung einer Welle zum Antriebsrad

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JP (1) JP2000055171A (zh)
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CN101675215A (zh) * 2007-05-02 2010-03-17 谢夫勒两合公司 具有压力腔的改善的实施方式的内燃机用的凸轮轴调节器
CN101273185B (zh) * 2005-11-02 2010-06-16 麦加戴恩公共有限公司 凸轮轴组件

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DE19834843A1 (de) * 1998-08-01 2000-02-03 Porsche Ag Einrichtung zur relativen Drehlagenänderung einer Welle zum Antriebsrad
US6250265B1 (en) 1999-06-30 2001-06-26 Borgwarner Inc. Variable valve timing with actuator locking for internal combustion engine
JP2001055914A (ja) * 1999-08-17 2001-02-27 Unisia Jecs Corp 内燃機関のバルブタイミング制御装置
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KR20000016991A (ko) 2000-03-25
US6129063A (en) 2000-10-10
EP0978638A1 (de) 2000-02-09
JP2000055171A (ja) 2000-02-22
KR100516423B1 (ko) 2005-09-23
EP0978638B1 (de) 2003-09-17
DE19834843A1 (de) 2000-02-03
DE59906996D1 (de) 2003-10-23

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