CN1231299A - 一元烯属不饱和羧酸的共聚物作为增溶剂的用途 - Google Patents
一元烯属不饱和羧酸的共聚物作为增溶剂的用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1231299A CN1231299A CN99105760.0A CN99105760A CN1231299A CN 1231299 A CN1231299 A CN 1231299A CN 99105760 A CN99105760 A CN 99105760A CN 1231299 A CN1231299 A CN 1231299A
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- Prior art keywords
- carboxylic acid
- monoethylenically
- unsaturated
- multipolymer
- acid
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- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 description 1
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- XZHNPVKXBNDGJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C XZHNPVKXBNDGJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及有下列组分的共聚物作为增溶剂的应用,该共聚物包括:a)82~99.9mol%的至少一种一元烯属不饱和C3~C8羧酸;b)0.1~18mol%至少一种选自下列b1—b3的单体:b1)一元烯属不饱和C3~C8羧酸的N-C8-C30-烷基—取代酰胺,b2)一元烯属不饱和C3~C8羧酸的N,N-C8-C30-二烷基—取代酰胺,b3)一元烯属不饱和C3~C8羧酸的C8-C30烷基酯;c)0~17.9mol%至少一种选自下列c1—c2的单体:c1)脂肪族C8~C30羧酸的乙烯酯,c2)C8~C30的烷基乙烯基醚,各个组分的mol%总和为100%。
Description
本发明涉及一元烯属不饱和羧酸的共聚物作为增溶剂的用途。
在均相药物或化妆品制备中,疏水性物质的增溶已经达到了非常重要的程度。
增溶是指由表面活性化合物引起的溶解性的改进,该表面活性七合物能将不溶或实质上不溶于水的物质转变成澄清的,至少为乳白色的水溶液,而在过程中不改变这些物质的化学结构。
生成的加溶物特征在于不溶或实质上不溶于水的物质以溶解的形式存在于表面活性化合物在水溶液中形成的相联的分子集束即所谓的胶束中。得到的溶液是稳定的单相体系,最佳呈现出澄清至乳白色,并且制备时不需任何能量的输入。
增溶剂例如可以通过使配方透明来提高化妆品和食品的表观,而且对于药物制剂,通过使用增溶剂,药物的生物利用率和活性也可以得到改进。
在药学制剂和化妆品活性组分中使用的主要的增溶剂是下列产品:
●乙氧基化的(加氢的)蓖麻油(如BASF的Cremophor产品)
●乙氧基化的山梨糖醇酐脂肪酸酯(如ICI的Tween产品)
●乙氧基化的羟基硬脂酸(如BASF的Solutol产品)
然而,迄今使用的上述增溶剂显示了一些技术缺点。
例如这些增溶剂用于胃肠外用药时伴随着组胺的释放和随后的血压降低(Lorenz等人,Agents and Actions Vol.12,1/2,1982)。
已知的增溶剂对一些实质上不溶于水的药物如克霉唑仅有很小的增溶作用。
表面活性化合物常常有高的溶血作用,这对于它们在药物领域中的应用构成了一个障碍,尤其是对于胃肠外用药。
G.Eisenmann的论文(Prof.Bauer,Freiburg University,1994,44/45页,93~95页)描述了Mw≈2000的聚丙烯酸与链长C8~C18的线性烷基胺按用二环己基碳化二亚胺活化羧基进行类以于聚合的反应得到相应的酰胺。酰胺化羧基的
8.一种化妆品,含有至少一种如权利要求1~3任一项所述的聚合物。
9.如权利要求8所述的化妆品,含有一种不溶或实质上不溶于水的化妆品活性组分。
10.一种共聚物,包括:
a)82~99.9mol%的至少一种一元烯属不饱和C3~C8羧酸;
b)0.1~18mol%至少一种选自下列b1-b3的单体:
b1)一元烯属不饱和C3~C8羧酸的N-C8-C30-烷基-取代酰胺,
b2)一元烯属不饱和C3~C8羧酸的N,N-C8-C30-二烷基-取代酰胺,
b3)一元烯属不饱和C3~C8羧酸的C8-C30烷基酯;
c)0~17.9mol%至少一种选自下列c1-c2的单体:
c1)脂肪族C8~C30羧酸的乙烯酯
c2)C8~C30的烷基乙烯基醚,
各个组分的mol%总和为100%。
11.如权利要求10所述的共聚物,包括:
a)85~95mol%的至少一种一元烯属不饱和C3~C8羧酸;
b)0.1~15mol%至少一种选自下列b1-b3的单体:
b1)一元烯属不饱和C3~C8羧酸的N-C12-C22-烷基-取代酰胺,
b2)一元烯属不饱和C3~C8羧酸的N,N-C12-C22-二烷基-取代酰胺,
b3)一元烯属不饱和C3~C8羧酸的C8-C18烷基酯;
c)0~14.9mol%至少一种选自下列c1-c2的单体:
c1)脂肪族c8~c18羧酸的乙烯酯
c2)C8~C18的烷基乙烯基醚,
各个组分的mol%总和为100%
12.如权利要求10或11所述的共聚物,其分子量为1000~30000g/mol。
13.制备如权利要求10所述的共聚物的方法,该方法包括自由基聚合组分a)~c)。
14.如权利要求13所述的方法,其中将组分a)~c)分别引入聚合反应中。
在这些单体中,优选使用丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、马来酸或所述羧酸的混合物。
一元烯属不饱和羧酸在共聚反应中可以以游离酸、酸酐的形式使用,也可以部分或全部中和的形式使用。
在上述羧的中和作用中使用碱金属或碱土金属碱、氨或胺是有利的,优选氢氧化钠溶液、氢氧化钾溶液、碳酸钠、碳酸钾、碳酸氢钠、氧化镁、氢氧化钙、氧化钙、气态或液态氨、三乙胺、乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、吗啉、二乙烯基三胺胺或四乙烯基戊胺。
可使用的其它共聚单体为下列可共聚的亲水性单体,其用量为0~17.9mol%,优选0~14.9mol%,特别优选0~12.9mol%。
-丙烯酰氨基羟基乙酸,乙烯基磺酸、烯丙基磺酸、甲基烯丙基磺酸、苯乙烯基磺酸、丙烯酸(3-硫代丙基)酯,甲基丙烯酸(3-硫代丙基)酯和丙烯酰氨基甲基丙基磺酸;
-含磷酸基团的单体,例如乙烯基膦酸、烯丙基膦酸和丙烯酰氨基甲基丙基膦酸;
-N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮、N-乙烯基己内酰胺、N-乙烯基咪唑、N-乙烯基-2-甲基咪唑和N-乙烯基-4-甲基咪唑。
当然也可以使用上述单体的混合物。
亲水性单体单元a)在共聚物中的比例是82~99.9mol%,优选85~95mol%,更优选87~93mol%。
下列提及的可聚合的共聚单体可作为疏水性组分b):
一元烯属不饱和C3~C8羧酸的N-C8~C30烷基或N,N-C8~C30-二烷基-取代酰胺,烷基有8~30个碳,优选8~18个碳原子的脂肪族或环脂肪族烷基。
含3~8个碳原子的一元烯属不饱和羧酸可理解为包括上述已经提及的酸,优选丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、二甲基丙烯酸、乙基丙烯酸、马来酸、顺甲基丁烯二酸、亚甲基丙二酸、烯丙基乙酸、乙烯基乙酸、丁烯酸、富马酸、甲基富马酸和亚甲基丁二酸。
在这些单体中,特别优选用丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、马来酸或所述羧酸的混合物。
优选的胺化共聚单体是,例如,N-硬脂酰基丙烯酰胺、N-硬脂酰基甲基丙烯酰胺、N-(1-甲基)十一烷基丙烯酰胺、N-(1-甲基)十一烷基甲基丙烯酰胺、N-十二烷基丙烯酰胺、N-十二烷基甲基丙烯酰胺、N-辛基丙烯酰胺、N-辛基甲基丙烯酰胺、N,N-二辛基丙烯酰胺、N,N-二辛基甲基丙烯酰胺、N-十六烷基丙烯酰胺、N-十六烷基甲基丙烯酰胺、N-十二烷基丙烯酰胺、N-十二烷基甲基丙烯酰胺、N-十四烷基丙烯酰胺、N-十四烷基甲基丙烯酰胺、N-(2-乙基)己基丙烯酰胺和N-(2-乙基)己基甲基丙烯酰胺。
如果马来酸酐是共聚单体,它能以类似聚合的方式与N-烷基胺通过开环反应制备相应的酰胺。
其它可用的疏水性共聚单体b)可以是一元烯属不饱和C3~C8羧酸与C8~C30醇、优选C8~C18醇形成的酯。
特别重要的是丙烯酸和甲基丙烯酸与8~18个碳原子链长的脂肪醇形成的酯。
在这类酯中特别提及的是下列物质:丙烯酸辛酯、丙烯酸(2-乙基己基)酯、丙烯酸壬酯、丙烯酸癸酯、丙烯酸十二烷基酯、丙烯酸十四烷基酯、丙烯酸十六烷基酯、硬脂酸酰基丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸十八烷基酯、丙烯酸二十二烷基酯、甲基丙烯酸辛酯、甲基丙烯酸(2-乙基己基)酯、甲基丙烯酸壬酯、甲基丙烯癸酸酯、甲基丙烯酸十二烷基酯、甲基丙烯酸十四烷基酯、甲基丙烯酸十六烷基酯、硬脂酸酰基甲基丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸油烯基酯、甲基丙烯酸二十二烷基酯、丙烯酸叔丁基环己基酯。
b)中的疏水性单元特别优选的代表是一元烯属不饱和C3~C8羧酸的N-C8~C30烷基-取代酰胺或N,N-C8~C30二烷基-取代酰胺。
在共聚物中,疏水性单体单元b)的量为0.1~18mol%,优选0.1~15mol%,更优选0.1~13mol%。
适当时还可以使用的附加组分c)是长链脂肪族、饱和或不饱和的C8~C30羧酸的乙烯基酯,这些羧酸例如,辛酸、癸酸、十二酸、十四酸、十六酸、硬脂酸、二十酸、二十二酸、二十四酸、二十六酸和三十酸。优选使用上述C8~C18羧酸的乙烯酯。
另外,C8~C30烷基乙烯基醚,特别是C8-C18烷基乙烯基醚电可以共聚。
可提及的优选的乙烯基醚中烷基是支链或非支链的C8~C18烷基链,如,正辛基、2-乙基己基、正壬基、正癸基、正十一烷基、正十二烷基、正十三烷基、正十四烷基、正十五烷基、正十六烷基、正十七烷基、正十八烷基。
在共聚物中疏水性单体单元c)的量为0~17.9mol%,优选0~14.9mol%,更优选0~12.9mol%。
当然也可以聚合a)~c)中各自单体的混合物。
在一些情况下,除了提到的单体单元a)~c)以外,使用其它合适的共聚单体进行聚合也是合适的,例如以0~50mol%的量将一元烯属不饱和C3~C8羧酸的短链C1~C4醇的酯、胺和腈用于聚合。
下面举例说明:丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸羟乙酯、丙烯酸羟丙酯、丙烯酸羟丁酯、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯、甲基丙烯酸羟丙酯、丙烯酸羟异丁酯、甲基丙烯酸羟异丁酯、马来酸-甲酯、马来酸二甲酯、马来酸-乙酯、马来酸二乙酯、丙烯酸(2-乙基己基)酯、甲基丙烯酸(2-乙基己基)酯、丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酰胺、N-二甲基丙烯酰胺、N-叔-丁基丙烯酰胺、丙烯腈、甲基丙烯腈、丙烯酸(二甲基氨基乙基)酯、丙烯酸(二乙基氨基乙基)酯、甲基丙烯酸(二甲基氨基乙基)酯以及最后提到的单体与羧酸或无机酸的盐和季胺化产物。
根据本发明的共聚物,分子量为1000~30,000g/mol,优选2000~20,000g/mol,特别优选3000~8000g/mol。应用
本发明能够获得可在药物和化妆品的制备以及食品制备中作为增溶剂的亲水性化合物。它们能够在药物和化妆品领域中增溶实质上不溶于水的活性组分,增溶实质上不溶于水的食品添加剂,例如维生素和类胡萝卜素,同样增溶用于农作物保护组合物中的实质上不溶于水的活性组分和用于兽医的药物中活性组分。
令人惊讶的是,已经发现所要求的化合物对于药物和化妆品活性组分有很好的增溶能力。另外,所要求的化合物在应用中有值得关注的很低的溶血速度和从胃肠外、口服和局部用药与皮肤和粘膜的相容性。特别是化合物没有显示和血细胞膜相互作用引起的副作用。胃肠外用药后,没有或仅有轻微的组胺释放。由于它们分子量低,增溶剂可通过肾排出。化妆品用增溶剂
根据本发明的共聚物可在化妆品配方中用作增溶剂。例如它们适于用作化妆油的增溶剂。它们能很好地增溶脂肪和油,例如花生油、西蒙得木油、椰子油、杏仁油、橄榄油、棕榈油、蓖麻油、豆油或麦胚油,或用于挥发油,如矮松油、熏衣草油、迷迭香油、云杉针叶油、松针油、桉叶油、薄荷油、鼠尾草油、香柠檬油、松节油、蜂花油、桧油、柑桔油、茴香子油、小豆蔻油、樟脑油等,或这些油的混合物。
另外,根据本发明的聚合物可用作不溶于或实质上不溶于水的UV吸收剂的增溶剂,例如,2-羟基-4-甲氧基二苯酮(UvinulM 40,BASF),2,2’,4,4’-四羟基二苯酮(UvinulD 50),2,2’-二羟基-4,4’-甲氧基二苯酮(UvinulD 49),2,4-二羟基二苯酮(Uvinul400),2’-乙基己基-2-氰基-3,3-二苯基丙烯酸酯(UvinulN 539),2,4,6-三苯氨基-对-(碳-2’-乙基已基-1’-氧)-1,3,5-三吖嗪(UvinulT 150),3-(4-甲氧基亚苄基)樟脑(Eusole6300,Merck),N,N-二甲基-4-氨基-苯甲酸(2-乙基己基)酯(Eusolex6007),水杨酸(3,3,5-三甲基环己基)酯,4-异丙基二苯甲酰基甲烷(Eusolex8020),对-甲氧基肉桂酸(2-乙基己基)酯和对-甲氧基肉桂酸(2-异戊基)酯及其它们的混合物。
这样本发明还提供了一种化妆品,其含至少一种根据本发明的具有开始规定的组分的聚合物作为增溶剂。优选的配方中除增溶剂外,含一种或多种实质上不溶于水的化妆品活性组分,如上述的油或UV吸收剂。
这些配方是基于水或水/醇的被加溶物。根据本发明的所用增溶剂与实质上不溶于水的化妆品活性组分的比例为0.2∶1~20∶1,优选1∶1~15∶1,特别优选2∶1~12∶1。
根据本发明的增溶剂在化妆品中的含量取决于活性组分,在1~50重量%范围内,优选3~40重量%,更优选5~30重量%。
另外,在配方中可加入其它的辅助物质,例如,非离子、阳离子或阴离子表面活性剂,诸如烷基聚糖苷、脂肪醇硫酸盐、脂肪醇醚硫酸盐、烷烃磺酸盐、脂肪醇乙氧基化物、脂肪醇磷酸盐、烷基三甲铵乙内酯、山梨糖醇酐酯、POE山梨糖醇酐酯、糖脂肪酸酯、脂肪酸聚丙三醇酯、脂肪酸偏甘油酯、脂肪酸羧酸酯、脂肪醇硫代琥珀酸酯、脂肪酸肌氨酸酯、脂肪酸异硫羰酸酯、脂肪酸牛磺酸酯、柠檬酸酯、硅酮共聚物、脂肪酸聚乙二醇酯、脂肪酸酰胺、脂肪酸链烷醇酰胺、季铵化合物、烷基苯酚氧乙基化物、脂肪胺乙氧基化物、共溶剂如乙二醇、丙二醇、丙三醇等。
其它可以加入的组分是天然的或合成的化合物,如羊毛脂衍生物、胆甾醇衍生物、肉豆蔻酸异丙基酯、棕榈酸异丙基酯、电解质、染料、防腐剂、酸(如乳酸、柠檬酸)。
这些配方可用于例如洗浴制剂如浴油、剃须液、洗面液、漱口剂、洗发液、古龙水、花露水和防晒霜组合物。增溶方法的说明
在制备用于化妆品配方的被加溶物时,根据本发明的共聚物可以100%浓度的形式使用,或优选以水溶液的形式使用。
通常将增溶剂溶于水中并与在所有情况下使用的实质上不溶于水的化妆品活性组分充分混合,
但是,还可以将所用的增溶剂与在所有情况下使用的难溶化妆品活性组分充分混合,然后在连续搅拌下加入软化水。用于药物的增溶剂
此处要求的共聚物适于在任—类型的药物制剂中作为增溶剂使用,这些药物制剂的特征在于含一种或多种不溶或实质上不溶于水的药性物质或维生素和/或类胡萝卜素。这些药物制剂尤其是用于口服的或特别优选胃肠外用药,例如用于静脉内、肌肉内或皮下的注射液或腹膜内用药的水溶液或被加溶物。
此外,要求的共聚物适用于以口服制剂,例如片剂、胶囊、粉剂和溶液。此时它们提高了实质上不溶于水的药剂的生物利用率。
胃肠外用药的施用象被加溶物一样,也可应用乳剂,例如脂肪乳剂。同样为了这个目的,所要求的共聚物适用于处理实质上不溶于水的药剂。
用传统方法,使用已知的和新的活性物质,将所要求的共聚物和药学活性组分一起处理,可得到上述类型的药物制剂。
根据本发明的应用可以附加地包括药学辅助物质和/或稀释剂。具体的辅助剂是共溶剂、稳定剂和防腐剂。
所用的药用活性物质在水中的溶解度低或为零。根据DAB9(德国药典),药用活性物质的溶解性分级如下:微溶(30-100份溶剂中可溶);难溶(100-1000份溶剂中可溶);不溶(在多于10000溶剂中可溶)。所述的活性组分可以在上述定义的任何范围内。
此处提及的这些药用活物质的例子是苯并二氮杂类、抗高血压药、维生素、细胞抑制剂,特别是紫杉酚,麻醉药、神经抑制剂、抗抑郁剂、抗生素、抗霉菌剂、抗真菌剂、化疗剂、泌尿科药剂、血小板阳凝剂、磺胺、解痉剂、激素、免疫球蛋白、血清、甲状腺治疗剂、精神药理剂、治疗帕金森氏病的药物和其它抗运动机能亢进剂、眼药、神经病制剂、钙代谢调节剂、肌肉松驰剂、antilipemics、治疗肝病的药、coronary agent、强心剂、免疫治疗剂、肽调节剂和它们的抑制剂、安眠药、镇静剂、妇科用试剂、治痛风药、纤维蛋白分解剂、酶制剂和转移蛋白质、酶抑制剂、催吐药、循环促进剂、利尿剂、诊断药、皮质激素类、胆硷能药、胆管治疗药、止喘药、支气管药、β-受体阻滞剂、钙拮抗剂、ACE抑制剂、动脉硬化药、消炎剂、抗凝血剂、低渗剂、抗低血糖药、抗高渗药、抗纤维素蛋白分解剂、抗癫痫剂、止吐药、解毒药、治疗糖尿病的药、抗心律失常药、抗贫血药、抗变态反应药、驱肠虫剂、止痛剂、兴奋剂、醛甾酮拮抗剂和减肥药。
一种可能改变的制备方法包括在水相中溶解增溶剂,任选温和地加热,然后在增溶剂的水溶液中溶解活性组分。同时在水相中溶解增溶剂和活性物质也是可行的。
根据本发明的共聚物作为增溶剂也可以这样的方法使用,即,例如包括在任选的温度条件下,在增溶剂中分散活性组分,并在搅拌下与水混合。
这样,本发明还提供了一种药物制剂,它含至少一种根据本发明的共聚物作为增溶剂。除了含增溶剂以外,优选的制剂还含有不溶或实质上不溶于水的药物活性成分,例如选自上述范围中的药物活性成分。
在上述药物制剂中,特别优选那些胃肠外用药的制剂。
在药物制剂中取决于活性成分的根据本发明的增溶剂的浓度为1~50重量%,优选3~40重量%,更优选5~30重量%。用于食品的增溶剂
除了用在化妆品和药物上,根据本发明的共聚物也适用于在食品工业上作为增溶剂,例如用于增溶不溶或实质上不溶于水的营养剂、辅助剂或添加剂,如脂溶性维生素或类胡萝卜素。此处可提及的例子是用类胡萝卜素染色的透明饮料。用于农作物保护剂的增溶剂
根据本发明的共聚物作为增溶剂在农业化学上的应用尤其可包括杀虫剂、除草剂、杀菌剂或驱昆虫剂,特别是可作为喷洒或喷淋混合物使用的农作物保护剂。
本发明进一步提供了包含以下组分的共聚物:
a)82~99.9mol%的至少一种一元烯属不饱和C3~C8羧酸;
b)0.1~18mol%至少一种一种选自下列b1-b3的单体:
b1)一元烯属不饱和C3~C8羧酸的N-C8-C30烷基-取代酰胺,
b2)一元烯属不饱和C3~C8羧酸的N,N-C8-C30-二烷基-取代酰胺,
b3)一元烯属不饱和C3~C8羧酸的C8-C30-烷基酯;
c)0~17.9mol%至少一种选自下列c1-c2的单体:
c1)脂肪族C8~C30羧酸的乙烯酯
c2)C8~C30的烷基乙烯基醚,各个组分的mol%总和为100%。优选含下列组分的共聚物:
a)85~95mol%的至少一种一元烯属不饱和C3~C8羧酸;
b)0.1~15mol%至少一种从以下基团中选出的单体
b1)一元烯属不饱和C3~C8羧酸的N-C12-C22烷基-取代酰胺,
b2)一元烯属不饱和C3~C8羧酸的N,N-C12-C22-二烷基-取代酰胺,
b3)一元烯属不饱和C3~C8羧酸的C8-C18烷基酯;
c)0~14.9mol%至少一种选自下列c1-c2的单体:
c1)脂肪族C8~C18羧酸的乙烯酯
c2)C8~C18的烷基乙烯基醚,各个组分的mol%总和为100%。
在开始已经通过文献对于各个单体单元a)至c)一般和优选的定义以及根据本发明的共聚物的组分和分子量进行了描述。
共聚物的K值至少为7,优选为10~30,更优选10~25。根据H.Fikentscher,Cellulose-Chemie,Volume 13(1932),58~64和71~74,在25℃、浓度根据K值范围在0.1%~5%间的水溶液中测定K值。
共聚物通过相应单体的自由基聚合来制备。
用已知方法进行制备,例如,使用了在聚合条件下可生成自由基的化合物的溶液聚合、沉淀聚合或反向悬浮聚合。
聚合温度常常在30~200℃,优选40~110℃。适合的引发剂的例子是偶氮化合物和过氧化合物以及常用的氧化还原引发体系,诸如过氧化氢与还原化合物如亚硫酸钠、亚硫酸氢钠、甲醛化次硫酸钠和肼的结合物。
所用的反应介质是任何可溶解单体的常用溶剂。例如优选用醇溶剂,如甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇或异丙醇。
为了确保反应得到均相产物,将单体和引发剂分别引入到反应溶液中是有利的。这可以通过各反应物使用分开的进料管线来实现。
在生成的有机溶液中固体的含量常常是20~60重量%,特别是25~40重量%。
聚合反应所用的溶剂可以用水蒸汽蒸馏除去并被水替换。
可以用各种干燥方法,例如喷雾干燥、流化的喷雾干燥、滚筒干燥或冻干将共聚物的水溶液转变成粉末形式。可用这种粉末通过在水中的再分散制成水分散体或水溶液。
下述实施例更详细地阐述了本发明的共聚物的制备和应用。实施例1
制备丙烯酸-硬脂酰基甲基丙烯酸酯共聚物(89.7∶10.3mol%)
在在已经充入氮气并有四个分开的进料装置的2升玻璃烧瓶中装入有10g丙烯酸的350g异丙醇。物料包括1含有140g硬脂酰基甲基丙烯酸酯的400g异丙醇,物料2包括含有250g丙烯酸的400g异丙醇,物料3包括含有19g过新戊酸叔丁基酯(75%浓度溶液)的100g异丙醇,物料4包括含有5.3g过新戊酸叔丁基酯(75%浓度)的异丙醇。起始物料在80℃在保护气下搅拌。经5.5小时加入物料1,经6小时加入物料2,经6.5小时加入物料3,再经1小时后,经1小时加入物料4。混合物后聚合1小时。异丙醇随后通过水蒸汽蒸馏被水替换。水悬浮液用氢氧化钠溶液调至pH为7。得到固体含量为20.7%的澄清的聚合物溶液。实施例2
制备丙烯酸-N-十八烷基丙烯酰胺共聚物(92∶8mol%)
在已经充入氮气并有四个分开的进料装置的2升玻璃烧瓶中装入有10g丙烯酸的250g异丙醇,。物料1包括含有55gN-十八烷基丙烯酰胺的300g异丙醇,物料2包括含有131g丙烯酸的100g异丙醇,物料3包括含有9g过新戊酸叔丁基酯(75%浓度溶液)的50g异丙醇,物料4包括含有2.5g过新戊酸叔丁基酯(75%浓度)的异丙醇。起始物料中进一步通入氮气,并在搅拌下加热至80℃。经5.5小时加入物料1,经6小时加入物料2,经6.5小时加入物料3,再经1小时后,经1小时加入物料4。混合物后聚合1小时。异丙醇随后通过水蒸汽蒸馏被水替换。水悬浮液用氢氧化钠溶液调至pH为7。得到固体含量为16.9%的澄清的聚合物溶液。化妆品配方实施例3用磁力搅拌器将6g实施例1和2制备的增溶剂和1g表1中所示的每一种挥发油或香料油完全混合。在连续搅拌下用滴定管慢慢加入100g软化水。得到的配方有下列组分:
1重量%的挥发油或化妆油,
6重量%的增溶剂,
93重量%的水。表1
实施例4防晒霜组合物
增溶剂 | 挥发油 | 配方表观 |
实施例1 | 云杉针叶油 | 乳白色加溶物 |
实施例1 | 迷迭香油 | 乳白色加溶物 |
实施例1 | 熏衣草油 | 澄清加溶物 |
实施例1 | Drom的须后液“Minos” | 乳白色加溶物 |
实施例2 | 矮松油 | 澄清加溶物 |
实施例2 | 熏衣草油 | 乳白色加溶物 |
25g实施例2中制备的共聚物在约60℃溶解在62.5g双蒸水和10g丙三醇的混合物中。然后在轻度搅拌下,加入防晒霜UvnulT 150(BASF)2.5g。生成的澄清溶液在冷却至室温后装瓶。实施例5
用安定作为实例的增溶效果
在所有例子中,向的1重量%浓度的表2所示的共聚物的聚合物溶液(在pH为7的磷酸盐缓冲液中)中加入过量的安定,在连续振荡下,建立在聚合物、活性组分和水之间的平衡。过滤除去过量的固体,测定在滤液中活性组分的含量。表2
实施例6用17-β-雌二醇和克霉唑作为实例的增溶效果
共聚物 | 加溶物 |
丙烯酸-N-硬脂酰基丙烯酰胺(90∶10重量%)钠盐 | 160μg/ml的安定 |
丙烯酸-N-硬脂酰基丙烯酰胺(90∶10重量%)钾盐 | 269μg/ml的安定 |
丙烯酸-N-硬脂酰基丙烯酰胺(80.9∶19.1重量%)钠盐 | 317μg/ml的安定 |
丙烯酸-N-硬脂酰基丙烯酰胺(80.9∶19.1重量%)钾盐 | 222μg/ml的安定 |
丙烯酸-N-硬脂酰基丙烯酰胺(62.5∶37.5重量%)钠盐 | 433μg/ml的安定 |
丙烯酸-N-硬脂酰基丙烯酰胺(66.8∶33.2重量%)钠盐 | 436μg/ml的安定 |
丙烯酸-N-硬脂酰基丙烯酰胺(73.5∶26.5重量%)钠盐 | 375μg/ml的安定 |
丙烯酸-N-硬脂酰基丙烯酰胺(66.7∶33.3重量%)钠盐 | 361μg/ml的安定 |
对照 | |
pH7.0的磷酸盐缓冲液 | 50μg/ml的安定 |
在所有例子中,向10重量%浓度的聚合物溶液[在PH为7的磷酸盐缓冲液中的丙烯酸-N-硬脂酰基丙烯酰胺按共聚物(90∶10重量%)]中加入过量的17-β-雌二醇和克霉唑,加热至65℃,慢慢搅半混合物直至建立平衡。过滤除去过量的固体,测定在滤液中溶解的活性组分的含量(见表3)。表3
实施例7安定注射液
共聚物 | 加溶物[重量%] | |
17-β-雌二醇 | 克霉唑 | |
丙烯酸-N-硬脂酰基丙烯酰胺钠盐(90∶10重量%) | 0.14 | 0.24 |
对照 | ||
pH为7.0的磷酸盐缓冲液 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Tween80 | 0.045 | 0.015 |
CremophorEL | 0.03 | 0.05 |
在1728mg双蒸水中溶解250mg丙烯酸-N-硬脂酰基丙烯酰胺共聚物(66.8∶33.2重量%)钠盐。然后,将10mg安定加入到增溶剂溶液中,搅拌直至药物溶解。该溶液用2mg二亚硫酸钠和10mg苯甲醇防腐,并用常用的方法过滤杀菌,装入注射瓶中。实施例817-β-雌二醇胶囊
将100mg 17-β-雌二醇与10g丙烯酸-N-硬脂酰基丙烯酰胺共聚物(90∶10重量%)钠盐、80g熔融PEG6000和10g乙醇混合,然后混合物直接以液相形式移入胶囊。实施例9用于胃肠外用药的安定乳液
在720g双蒸水中溶解80g丙烯酸-N-硬脂酰丙烯酰胺共聚物(66.8∶33.2重量%)。10g安定分散在1∶1的豆油和miglyol油的混合物(油相为200g)中。另外,用10g可溶解在油相中的大豆卵磷脂。两相预分散,随后用高压匀化乳化。实施例1017-β-雌二醇片
10g17-β-雌二醇与200g丙烯酸-N-硬脂酰基丙烯酰胺共聚物(90∶10重量%)和290g Ludipress(BASF)和0.5g硬脂酸镁混合,该混合物随后直接压成片剂。
Claims (14)
1.有下列组成的共聚物作为增溶剂的用途,该共聚物包括:
a)82~99.9mol%的至少一种一元烯属不饱和C3~C8羧酸;
b)0.1~18mol%至少一种选自下列b1-b3的单体:
b1)一元烯属不饱和C3~C8羧酸的N-C8-C30-烷基-取代酰胺,
b2)一元烯属不饱和C3~C8羧酸的N,N-C8-C30-二烷基-取代酰胺,
b3)一元烯属不饱和C3~C8羧酸的C8-C30-烷基酯;
c)0~17.9mol%至少一种选自下列c1-c2的单体:
c1)脂肪族C8~C30羧酸的乙烯酯
c2)C8~C30的C烷基乙烯基醚,
各个组分的mol%总和为100%。
2.如权利要求1中所述的共聚物用作增溶剂的用途,该共聚物包括
a)85~95 mol%的至少一种一元烯属不饱和C3~C8羧酸;
b)0.1~15mol%至少一种选自下列b1-b3的单体:
b1)一元烯属不饱和C3~C8羧酸的N-C12-C22-烷基-取代酰胺,
b2)一元烯属不饱和C3~C8羧酸的N,N-C12-C22-二烷基-取代酰胺,
b3)一元烯属不饱和C3~C8羧酸的C8-C18烷基酯;
c)0~14.9mol%至少一种选自下列c1-c2的单体:
c1)脂肪族C8~C18羧酸的乙烯酯
c2)C8~C18的烷基乙烯基醚,
各个组分的mol%总和为100%。
3.如权利要求1或2所述共聚物的用途,该共聚物的分子量为1000~30,000g/mol。
4.如权利要求1~3任一项所述共聚物作为增溶剂在药物和化妆品制备中的用途。
5.一种药用制剂,含有至少一种如权利要求1~3任一项所述共聚物。
6.如权利要求5所述的药用制剂,含有一种不溶或实质上不溶于水的药物活性组分。
7.如权利要求5或6所述的药用制剂,该制剂是胃肠外用药的形式。
8.一种化妆品,含有至少一种如权利要求1~3任一项所述的聚合物。
9.如权利要求8所述的化妆品,含有一种不溶或实质上不溶于水的化妆品活性组分。
10.一种共聚物,包括:
a)82~99.9mol%的至少一种一元烯属不饱和C3~C8羧酸;
b)0.1~18mol%至少一种选自下列b1-b3的单体:
b1)一元烯属不饱和C3~C8羧酸的N-C3-C8-烷基-取代酰胺,
b2)一元烯属不饱和C3~C8羧酸的N,N-C8-C30-二烷取-取代酰胺,
b3)一元烯属不饱和C3~C8羧酸的C8-C30烷基酯;
c)0~17.9mol%至少一种选自下列c1-c2的单体:
c1)脂肪族C8~C30羧酸的乙烯酯
c2)C8~C30的烷基乙烯基醚,
各个组分的mol%总和为100%。
11.如权利要求10所述的共聚物,包括:
a)85~95mol%的至少一种一元烯属不饱和C3~C8羧酸;
b)0.1~15mol%至少一种选自下列b1-b3的单体:
b1)一元烯属不饱和C3~C8羧酸的N-C12-C22-烷基-取代酰胺,
b2)一元烯属不饱和C3~C8羧酸的N,N-C12-C22-二烷基-取代酰胺,
b3)一元烯属不饱和C3~C8羧酸的C8-C18烷基酯;
c)0~14.9mol%至少一种选自下列c1-c2的单体:
c1)脂肪族C8~C18羧酸的乙烯酯
c2)C8~C18的烷基乙烯基醚,
各个组分的mol%总和为100%
12.如权利要求10或11所述的共聚物,其分子量为1000~30000g/mol。
13.制备如权利要求10所述的共聚物的方法,包括自由基聚合组分a)~c)。
14.如权利要求13所述的方法,其中a)~c)分别引入聚合反应中。
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DE19811919A DE19811919A1 (de) | 1998-03-18 | 1998-03-18 | Verwendung von Copolymerisaten monoethylenisch ungesättigter Carbonsäuren als Solubilisatoren |
DE19811919.4 | 1998-03-18 |
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CN1231299A true CN1231299A (zh) | 1999-10-13 |
CN1213087C CN1213087C (zh) | 2005-08-03 |
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US (2) | US6331294B1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0948957B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP4878073B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1213087C (zh) |
DE (2) | DE19811919A1 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2260864T3 (zh) |
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FR2838349B1 (fr) * | 2002-04-15 | 2004-06-25 | Laurence Paris | Compositions liquides pour capsules molle a liberation prolongee et leur procede de fabrication |
US7316816B2 (en) * | 2004-06-10 | 2008-01-08 | Agency For Science Technology And Research | Temperature and pH sensitive copolymers |
DE102004040104A1 (de) * | 2004-08-18 | 2006-02-23 | Basf Ag | Verwendung von amphiphilen Copolymerisaten als Solubilisatoren |
AR054227A1 (es) | 2005-02-21 | 2007-06-13 | Basf Ag | Composicion de principios activos |
DE102005036328A1 (de) | 2005-07-29 | 2007-02-01 | Basf Ag | Copolymere auf Basis von N-Vinylpyrrolidon und verzweigten aliphatischen Carbonsäuren und deren Verwendung als Solubilisatoren |
CN101283008A (zh) * | 2005-08-11 | 2008-10-08 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 基于n-乙烯基已内酰胺的共聚物及其作为增溶剂的用途 |
DE102005053066A1 (de) | 2005-11-04 | 2007-05-10 | Basf Ag | Verwendung von Copolymeren als Solubilisatoren für in Wasser schwerlöslichen Verbindungen |
US20090036550A1 (en) * | 2005-12-09 | 2009-02-05 | Basf Se | Copolymers Based on Polyalkylene Oxide-Modified N-Vinyl Lactam Copolymers |
JP2009523119A (ja) * | 2005-12-09 | 2009-06-18 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピア | 水に溶けにくい化合物のための可溶化剤としてのポリビニルラクタム−ポリオキシアルキレンブロックコポリマーの使用 |
EA019366B1 (ru) | 2006-11-13 | 2014-03-31 | Басф Се | Применение блок-сополимеров на основе виниллактамов и винилацетата в качестве ингибиторов кристаллизации, препарат агрохимических компонентов, включающий поливиниллактам-поливинилацетатный блок-сополимер, способ борьбы с нежелательным нападением насекомых или клещей и/или борьбы с фитопатогенными грибами и способ борьбы с нежелательным ростом растений |
WO2008070118A1 (en) * | 2006-12-05 | 2008-06-12 | Landec Corporation | Drug delivery |
CN101765616A (zh) * | 2007-07-26 | 2010-06-30 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 制备通过接枝聚合在溶液中获得的并基于固体聚醚的共聚物的方法 |
EP2022805A3 (en) | 2007-08-03 | 2009-02-25 | Basf Se | Copolymers based on N-vinyllactams and olefins as their use as solubilizers for slightly water-soluble compounds |
WO2009040248A1 (en) * | 2007-09-27 | 2009-04-02 | Basf Se | Systemicity enhancers |
WO2010130728A2 (de) | 2009-05-13 | 2010-11-18 | Basf Se | Feste pharmazeutischen zubereitungen enthaltend copolymere auf basis von polyethern in kombination mit wasserschwerlöslichen polymeren |
JP6167635B2 (ja) * | 2012-04-20 | 2017-07-26 | 三菱ケミカル株式会社 | 共重合体、化粧料組成物及びコンディショニング剤 |
US20140323659A1 (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2014-10-30 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Method for producing resin composition and resin composition |
MX2018006918A (es) * | 2015-12-08 | 2018-11-09 | Kemira Oyj | Composiciones polimericas liquidas. |
JP6959154B2 (ja) * | 2018-01-23 | 2021-11-02 | 大阪有機化学工業株式会社 | 化粧料組成物 |
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US3936427A (en) * | 1966-12-08 | 1976-02-03 | Societe Anonyme Dite: L'oreal | Magnesium salt copolymers of unsaturated dicarboxylic acid anhydride and unsaturated monomer having a lipophile chain |
US3915921A (en) * | 1974-07-02 | 1975-10-28 | Goodrich Co B F | Unsaturated carboxylic acid-long chain alkyl ester copolymers and tri-polymers water thickening agents and emulsifiers |
US4432881A (en) | 1981-02-06 | 1984-02-21 | The Dow Chemical Company | Water-dispersible hydrophobic thickening agent |
US4395524A (en) | 1981-04-10 | 1983-07-26 | Rohm And Haas Company | Acrylamide copolymer thickener for aqueous systems |
US4911736A (en) * | 1985-09-18 | 1990-03-27 | The Standard Oil Company | Emulsifier and stabilizer for water base emulsions and dispersions of hydrocarbonaceous materials |
KR880005918A (ko) * | 1986-11-10 | 1988-07-21 | 원본미기재 | 안정하며 빨리 분해되는 국소피부조성물 |
US5004598A (en) | 1986-11-10 | 1991-04-02 | The B. F. Goodrich Company | Stable and quick-breaking topical skin compositions |
FR2671088B1 (fr) * | 1990-12-27 | 1994-04-15 | Oreal | Nouveaux copolymeres a base de n-alkyl acrylamide, leur preparation et leur utilisation comme agents epaississants, notamment dans des compositions de shampooing. |
DE4213283A1 (de) * | 1992-04-23 | 1993-10-28 | Basf Ag | Verwendung von Copolymerisaten aus Carbonsäuren und langkettigen Verbindungen mit isolierten C-C-Mehrfachverbindungen als Verdickungs- oder Dispergiermittel |
-
1998
- 1998-03-18 DE DE19811919A patent/DE19811919A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1999
- 1999-03-11 DE DE59913213T patent/DE59913213D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-03-11 EP EP99104860A patent/EP0948957B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-03-11 ES ES99104860T patent/ES2260864T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-03-17 JP JP07240899A patent/JP4878073B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-03-17 US US09/268,720 patent/US6331294B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-03-18 CN CN99105760.0A patent/CN1213087C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
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Publication number | Publication date |
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US6331294B1 (en) | 2001-12-18 |
EP0948957B1 (de) | 2006-03-15 |
CN1213087C (zh) | 2005-08-03 |
JP4878073B2 (ja) | 2012-02-15 |
EP0948957A2 (de) | 1999-10-13 |
ES2260864T3 (es) | 2006-11-01 |
JPH11310618A (ja) | 1999-11-09 |
US20020037318A1 (en) | 2002-03-28 |
US6497867B2 (en) | 2002-12-24 |
DE19811919A1 (de) | 1999-09-23 |
DE59913213D1 (de) | 2006-05-11 |
EP0948957A3 (de) | 2000-07-26 |
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