CN1216818A - 热交换能力改善的蒸发器 - Google Patents

热交换能力改善的蒸发器 Download PDF

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CN1216818A
CN1216818A CN98120985A CN98120985A CN1216818A CN 1216818 A CN1216818 A CN 1216818A CN 98120985 A CN98120985 A CN 98120985A CN 98120985 A CN98120985 A CN 98120985A CN 1216818 A CN1216818 A CN 1216818A
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chamber
heat exchanger
tube connector
opening
pipeline
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CN1167931C (zh
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弗雷德里·布莱凯
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Valeo Climatisation SA
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/026Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits
    • F28F9/027Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits in the form of distribution pipes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/03Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits
    • F28D1/0308Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits the conduits being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F28D1/0325Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits the conduits being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having lateral openings therein for circulation of the heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
    • F28D1/0333Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits the conduits being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having lateral openings therein for circulation of the heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another the plates having integrated connecting members
    • F28D1/0341Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits the conduits being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having lateral openings therein for circulation of the heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another the plates having integrated connecting members with U-flow or serpentine-flow inside the conduits
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S165/00Heat exchange
    • Y10S165/454Heat exchange having side-by-side conduits structure or conduit section
    • Y10S165/464Conduits formed by joined pairs of matched plates
    • Y10S165/465Manifold space formed in end portions of plates
    • Y10S165/466Manifold spaces provided at one end only

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Non-Silver Salt Photosensitive Materials And Non-Silver Salt Photography (AREA)

Abstract

一种具有叠置槽室的蒸发器中,制冷流体通过一个纵向管道(22)从由一部分槽室(1)构成的上游连接管(12)和至少另一个由其它槽室构成的连接管(14)注入,纵向管道(22)穿过蒸发器的运离上游连接管(12)的一个端面(5)。根据本发明,所述管道(22)偏离使构成另外连接管(14)的槽室相互连通的所述开口(11)的中心,从而提高热交换效率。本发明可用于汽车驾驶室的空调装置。

Description

热交换能力改善的蒸发器
本发明涉及一种用来在一第一流体和一第二流体之间进行热交换的热交换器,包括沿纵向相互对齐的一叠槽室,并在侧向上具有两个相互并置的集流室,每一集流室由若干分属于不同槽室的输入室或者输出室在纵向上排列而成,所述集流室整体上划分为至少三个连接管,属于同一集流室的连接管在纵向上相继排列,相互间不直接相通,而在每一连接管中,所述输入室和所述输出室由开在槽室壁上的若干开口联系起来,所述槽室构成第一流体在紧邻所述槽室列的第一纵向端的上游连接管和紧邻所述槽室列的第二纵向端的下游连接管之间的通道,交替地从属于一个集流室的连接管通过一个U形通道通到属于另一个集流室的连接管,其中,每一U形通道在所述连接管间将同一槽室的输入室和输出室连接起来,所述上游和下游连接管与装在一个纵向端上的输出和输入通道相连,其中一个是直接相连,而另一个系通过一个穿过置于该端和所述另一个连接管之间的一个或若干连接管上的开口的管道相连。
这种热交换器通常用作汽车驾驶室空调装置中的蒸发器。所述每一个槽室由两个冲压成盘形、凹面相对、周缘密封连接起来的金属板构成。所述输入和输出室由所述盘的深度大于余下区域的区域形成,以便在两个相邻槽室间在所述余下区域处留有所述第二流体在侧向上通过的间隙。所述开口开在所述盘的底部,各盘在所述开口周围相互密封接触。每一槽室的所述两个盘另外还密封地在其宽度的中间区域和其从一第一端缘开始的大部分长度上相连,所述U形通道的两分支在所述中间区域以及所述盘的深度较大的区域两侧延伸,并设置在所述第一端缘附近。
本发明的目的是改进这种蒸发器的功能特性。
本发明尤其涉及一种上文所述类型的热交换器,其中,所述管道偏离所述开口中心。
将所述管道置于一个偏心位置,而不是同心位置,可同时改善热交换器内的热交换总效率和热交换均一性,以及蒸发器输出的空气温度的均一性。
下面列出本发明的一些可任意选用的补充性或者替代性特征:
-所述两个集流室中的连接管在数目上是相等的,上游和下游连接管分属于两个集流室。
-所述开口有加长部分,所述管道在其长度方向上偏离所述开口的中心。
-所述开口在其侧向上延伸,所述管道相对于开口中心向热交换器的外部偏离。
-所述管道与每一开口的边缘相接触,尤其是大致在边缘上离开口中心最远的那一点处相接触。
-所述管道具有一个圆形截面,后者部分地与所述开口边缘的一个大致半圆形的部分相吻合。
-所述管道通向所述上游连接管。
-所述管道钎焊在所述开口的边缘上。在此情况下,可获得所述管道与所述槽室的刚性连接,这可以减少热交换器因为振动和流体流动而发出的噪声。
-所述纵向和横向大致是水平的,所述集流室设置在热交换器的上部。
下面参照附图更加详细地描述本发明的特征和优点,在附图中:
-图1是本发明的蒸发器的一个局部视图,是沿图2中Ⅰ-Ⅰ线的剖视图;
-图2是蒸发器的俯视图,是沿图1中Ⅱ-Ⅱ线的剖视图;
-图3和图4是两个比较曲线图,以曲线形式说明图1和图2所示的蒸发器与现有技术的蒸发器的某些工作特性。
图中所示的用于汽车驾驶室空调装置的蒸发器,包括若干沿大致水平的纵向相互排列起来的槽室1,每一个槽室由两个冲压成盘形2和3的金属板构成,两个盘是一样的,其凹面相对,即分别朝向槽室列的第二和第一纵向端5、4。每个盘有一个位于竖直面内的周缘6,构成一个槽室的两个盘的所述周缘6以对流体密封的方式用钎焊接合起来,确定了所述槽室的内部空间。每个盘在其上部另外还有两个深度比余下区域8更大的区域7,所述余下区域8在区域7的下方,占据所述盘的高度的大部分。每个盘的深度较大的两个区域在图中从左向右并置起来,在每个盘中形成一个制冷流体的输入室和输出室。每个盘的所述输入室和输出室由一个密封连接区9相互隔开,所述连接区9在两个只有槽室半宽的盘的中间,与所述槽室的上端10边缘6相连,并向下延伸,直至所述槽室的下端附近,以便在该槽室中于所述盘的区域8处形成一个所述输入室和输出室之间的流体U形通道。每个盘的底部在每个深度较大的区域7处由一开口11穿过,一个盘2和相邻的盘3的翻转正对的底部以钎焊相互连接起来,在所述开口周围是密封的。
位于图中左侧的输入/输出室的行列构成一个集流室16,图中右侧的输入/输出室的行列则构成一个集流室17。所述集流室16由一个横向隔板18分成一个从该隔板延伸至槽室列端部4的连接管12和一个从该隔板延伸至端部5的连接管14。同样地,一个比所述隔板18更加远离端部4的横向隔板19将所述集流室17分隔为一个邻近端部4的连接管13和一个邻近端部5的连接管15。在位于槽室列端部4、5的盘形2、3的底部钎焊有端板20和21,以便封闭所述盘形上的开口11,并参与限定所述连接管。所述构成同一连接管的输入/输出室通过所述盘形2、3的开口11而相互连通。
一输入管道22在所述连接管14的整个长度上延伸,并密封地穿过其钎焊于其上的所述端板21和中间隔板18,以将连接管12与位于蒸发器上游的制冷流体循环部分相连通。一输出管道23也同样穿过所述板21,通向连接管15,以使后者与流体下游循环部分相连通。
经由管道22进入连接管12的制冷流体然后通过第一槽室组的U形通道进入连接管13。然后,流体通过第二槽室组的U形通道进入连接管14,再通过第三也是最后槽室组的U形通道进入连接管15。最后,流体经由管道23离开蒸发器。当流体在U形通道中循环时,该流体吸收沿箭头F1的方向从右向左水平穿过蒸发器的空气流的热量。所述空气流从在盘形的区域8处隔开所述槽室的空隙中通过。
根据本发明,管道22偏离形成集流室16的盘形的开口11的中心。在图示的实施例中,所述管道偏向左侧,即偏向空气流方向F1的下游。更具体地,每一开口11的轮廓形状为椭圆形,由两个水平直线段30和两个半圆弧组成,两半圆弧凹形相对并与直线段30相切。所述管道22的外径等于半圆弧31的直径,靠在其所穿过的开口的边缘上,并在位于左侧的半圆弧31的整个长度上钎焊在该边缘上。
在一种变型中,还可以使得所述管道22的直径小于所述半圆弧31的直径,因而所述接触大致为点接触。
在图3和图4中,虚曲线和实曲线分别是前面图中所示的蒸发器和不同于该蒸发器的一个蒸发器的曲线。后者的不同之处在于,管道22的轴通过它所穿过的开口的中心。图3和图4中的曲线分别示出了在穿过蒸发器的不同的空气流量(以kg/h为单位)下以kW为单位的热交换功率和以℃为单位的输出空气的温度,其中,输入空气的温度为30℃。
借助于本发明,可使蒸发器的性能有较大的改善。
本发明的装置还改善了蒸发器中的热交换均一性,从而改善了从该蒸发器输出的空气流内部的温度分布的均一性,减弱了冷热不均的现象。
另外,所述管道在所述开口的边缘上的大长度的钎焊使得连接刚性化,从而降低了工作噪声。
尽管前面详细描述的装置可实现最佳的性能,但仍可以不完全按前面的描述而仍从本发明获益。因此,所述管道可以部分地偏离所述开口的中心而不到达其侧端。它也可以向蒸发器的宽度的中央偏移,而不是向外偏移。它可以向空气流的下游偏移,或者在该空气流的横向上偏移。它也不是必须焊接在所述开口的边缘上。在本发明中,偏移的管道可以是与所述下游连接管相连通的一个输出管道。所述连接管的数目还可以是单数,其中的流体输入输出在蒸发器的同一侧,即图1和图2中的左侧或者右侧实现。
所述蒸发器另外还可以在不同于本说明书所描述的空间方向上工作。

Claims (12)

1.一种用来在一第一流体和一第二流体之间进行热交换的热交换器,尤其是用于汽车驾驶室空调装置的蒸发器,包括沿纵向相互对齐的一叠槽室(1),并在侧向上具有两个相互并置的集流室(16,17),每一集流室由分属于不同槽室的输入室或者输出室在纵向上排列而成,所述集流室划分为至少三个连接管(12-15),属于同一集流室的连接管在纵向上相继排列,相互间不直接相通,而在每一连接管中,所述输入室和所述输出室由开在槽室壁上的开口(11)联系起来,所述槽室构成所述第一流体在紧邻所述槽室列的第一纵向端(4)的上游连接管(12)和紧邻所述槽室列的第二纵向端(5)的下游连接管(15)之间的通道,交替地从属于一个集流室的连接管通过一个U形通道通到属于另一个集流室的连接管,其中,每一U形通道在所述连接管间将同一槽室的输入室和输出室连接起来,所述上游和下游连接管与装在一个纵向端(5)上的输出和输入通道相连,其中一个(15)是直接相连,而另一个(12)通过穿过置于该端(5)和另一个连接管(12)之间的一个或若干连接管(14)上的开口(11)的一个管道(22)相连,其特征在于,所述管道偏离所述开口的中心。
2.如权利要求1所述的热交换器,其特征在于,所述两个集流室中的连接管在数目上相等,所述上游(12)和下游连接管(15)分属于两个集流室(16,17)。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的热交换器,其特征在于,所述开口有加长部分,所述管道在其长度方向上偏离所述开口的中心。
4.如权利要求3所述的热交换器,其特征在于,所述开口在其侧向上延伸,所述管道相对于所述开口中心向热交换器的外部偏离。
5.如前述权利要求之一所述的热交换器,其特征在于,所述管道与每一开口的边缘相接触。
6.从属于权利要求3或4的如权利要求5所述的热交换器,其特征在于,所述管道与每一开口的边缘大致在边缘上离开口中心最远的那一点处相接触。
7.如权利要求6所述的热交换器,其特征在于,所述管道具有一个圆形截面,后者部分地与所述开口边缘的一个大致半圆形的部分(31)相吻合。
8.如前述权利要求之一所述的热交换器,其特征在于,所述管道(22)通向所述上游连接管(12)。
9.如前述权利要求之一所述的热交换器,其特征在于,所述管道钎焊在所述开口的边缘上。
10.如前述权利要求之一所述的热交换器,其特征在于,所述纵向和横向大致是水平的,所述集流室设置在所述热交换器的上部。
11.如前述权利要求之一所述的热交换器,其特征在于,每一个槽室由两个冲压成盘形(2,3)、凹面相对、在其周缘(6)处密封连接起来的金属板构成,所述输入和输出室由所述盘的深度大于余下区域(8)的区域(7)形成,以便在两个相邻槽室间在所述余下区域处留有所述第二流体在侧向上通过的间隙,所述开口开在所述盘的底部,盘在所述开口周围相互密封接触。
12.如权利要求11所述的热交换器,其特征在于,每一槽室的所述两个盘另外还密封地在其宽度的中间区域(9)和其从第一端缘(10)开始的大部分长度上相连,所述U形通道的两分支在所述中间区域及所述盘的深度较大的区域(7)两侧延伸,并设置在所述第一端缘附近。
CNB981209858A 1997-10-20 1998-10-20 热交换能力改善的蒸发器 Expired - Fee Related CN1167931C (zh)

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FR97/13117 1997-10-20
FR9713117 1997-10-20
FR9713117A FR2769974B1 (fr) 1997-10-20 1997-10-20 Evaporateur a capacite d'echange de chaleur amelioree

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EP (1) EP0911595B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1167931C (zh)
BR (1) BR9804010A (zh)
CZ (1) CZ290782B6 (zh)
DE (1) DE69803265T2 (zh)
ES (1) ES2163835T3 (zh)
FR (1) FR2769974B1 (zh)
ZA (1) ZA989507B (zh)

Cited By (3)

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CN1316223C (zh) * 2000-10-10 2007-05-16 达纳加拿大公司 带有流动分配孔口间隔件的热交换器
CN100410615C (zh) * 2004-02-26 2008-08-13 开利公司 用于多程蒸发器盘管的两相制冷剂分布系统的换热器
CN105318592A (zh) * 2014-07-28 2016-02-10 荏原冷热系统株式会社 制冷机

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US9033030B2 (en) * 2009-08-26 2015-05-19 Munters Corporation Apparatus and method for equalizing hot fluid exit plane plate temperatures in heat exchangers

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1316223C (zh) * 2000-10-10 2007-05-16 达纳加拿大公司 带有流动分配孔口间隔件的热交换器
CN100410615C (zh) * 2004-02-26 2008-08-13 开利公司 用于多程蒸发器盘管的两相制冷剂分布系统的换热器
CN105318592A (zh) * 2014-07-28 2016-02-10 荏原冷热系统株式会社 制冷机

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2769974B1 (fr) 2000-01-07
FR2769974A1 (fr) 1999-04-23
EP0911595B1 (fr) 2001-11-21
DE69803265T2 (de) 2002-08-08
ES2163835T3 (es) 2002-02-01
CN1167931C (zh) 2004-09-22
DE69803265D1 (de) 2002-02-21
CZ290782B6 (cs) 2002-10-16
US6129144A (en) 2000-10-10
ZA989507B (en) 1999-04-20
EP0911595A1 (fr) 1999-04-28
BR9804010A (pt) 2000-02-29
CZ337798A3 (cs) 2000-01-12

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