CN1216505A - 汽车传动系统的中间轴及相应的传动装置和传动系统 - Google Patents

汽车传动系统的中间轴及相应的传动装置和传动系统 Download PDF

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CN1216505A
CN1216505A CN97194084A CN97194084A CN1216505A CN 1216505 A CN1216505 A CN 1216505A CN 97194084 A CN97194084 A CN 97194084A CN 97194084 A CN97194084 A CN 97194084A CN 1216505 A CN1216505 A CN 1216505A
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drive shaft
tween drive
bearing
joint
running part
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CN1094097C (zh
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贝尔纳·普林
弗雷德里克·德克拉斯
米歇尔·马尔热里
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GKN Driveline North America Inc
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GKN Automotive GmbH
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/22Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or type of main drive shafting, e.g. cardan shaft
    • B60K17/24Arrangements of mountings for shafting
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/04Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly
    • F16C19/06Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly with a single row or balls
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/58Raceways; Race rings
    • F16C33/581Raceways; Race rings integral with other parts, e.g. with housings or machine elements such as shafts or gear wheels
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/20Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members
    • F16D3/202Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members one coupling part having radially projecting pins, e.g. tripod joints
    • F16D3/205Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members one coupling part having radially projecting pins, e.g. tripod joints the pins extending radially outwardly from the coupling part
    • F16D3/2055Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members one coupling part having radially projecting pins, e.g. tripod joints the pins extending radially outwardly from the coupling part having three pins, i.e. true tripod joints
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2326/00Articles relating to transporting
    • F16C2326/01Parts of vehicles in general
    • F16C2326/06Drive shafts
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2361/00Apparatus or articles in engineering in general
    • F16C2361/41Couplings

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Retarders (AREA)
  • Motor Power Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

该中间轴为一整体件(12),包括滑动式万向节(7B)的凹件(13B)、轴承的内滚道(15)以及从该滚道沿与所述凹件相反的方向延伸的管状部分(16)。本发明适用于前轮驱动的汽车传动系统。

Description

汽车传动系统的中间轴 及相应的传动装置和传动系统
本发明涉及用于汽车传动系统的中间轴。该中间轴特别适用于前轮驱动的汽车。
在前轮驱动的汽车中,变速箱-差速器组件相对于汽车纵向对称平面一般都有所偏移。
为了使传动系统的制造更加合理,曾提出过:一方面,采用两个一样的对称布置的传动部分,另一方面,采用一个连接所述差速器的相应的输出端和最远的传动部分的中间轴。中间轴由一个轴承座支撑,轴承座则安装在动力装置或汽车结构上。
本发明旨在提供一种重量轻、制造成本低、刚度大的中间轴。
为此,本发明提出一种用于汽车传动系统的中间轴,它为一整体件,包括:(a)滑动式万向节的凹件,(b)轴承的内滚道,以及(c)从该滚道沿与所述凹件相反的方向延伸的管状部分。
本发明的中间轴可具有权利要求2至7所述的一个或多个特征。
本发明还提出一种权利要求8所述的具有上述中间轴的用于汽车的传动装置。
该传动装置的两个实施例分别在权利要求9和10中限定。
此外,本发明还提出一种如权利要求11所述的汽车传动系统。
现在参照附图描述本发明的实施例,附图中:
-图1为前视横剖示意图,示出装配有本发明传动系统的汽车;
-图2为图1传动系统的中间轴的第一实施例的纵向剖视图;
-图3为中间轴的端视图;
-图4为第一变型的类似于图2的视图;
-图5为第二变型的类似于图2的视图;
-图6为本发明中间轴的另一个实施例的一个构件的纵向剖视图;
-图7为图6所示构件安装在支撑件上的类似视图;
-图8和图9为一个变型的分别与图6和图7相对应的视图;
-图10为纵向剖视图,示出传动系统的差速器的输出组件。
图1所示为前轮驱动汽车2的变速箱-差速器组件1。相对于汽车的纵向对称平面P,该组件在图上向右边侧偏。
组件1通过传动系统与两个前轮相连,传动系统包括:
-对于离组件1最近的左轮3A:一个传动部分4A和一个连接组件104A,后者如图10所示,传动部分4A由与轮相邻的固定等速万向节5A、连接轴6A以及位于该轴内端的滑动式等速万向节7A的凸件组成;
-对于离组件1最远的右轮3B:一个与传动部分4A一样的,即由与车轮相邻的固定等速万向节5B、连接轴6B和位于该轴内端的滑动式等速万向节7B的凸件组成的传动部分4B,以及一个连接差速器的相应输出端和相应凸件的中间轴8。
在该例中,万向节7A和7B为滑动式三销轴型万向节,而万向节5A和5B为固定式万向节,也可以是三销轴型万向节或者是球接头。
传动部分4A和4B相对于平面P对称。轴6A和6B相对于它们的转向节倾斜相同的一个角度α。
中间轴8由靠近万向节7B的滚珠轴承轴承座9支撑,后者本身由固定在动力装置上的支撑板10支承。
图1中,箭头所示为三个轴6A、6B和8的旋转方向,以及车轮绕其各自的旋转轴11A、11B转动的方向。
图2和图3示出中间轴8的第一实施例,它包括两个主要构件。
第一构件12为管状件,从左至右构成如下部件:首先是带有六个轴承滚道14(图3)的滑动式万向节7B的三销轴叉13B,用于装配万向节的凸件;接下去是位于径向向内变形区的轴承座9的滚珠轴承内滚道15;然后是具有衡定圆截面的管状部分16。该管状部分16的自由端具有内花键。三销轴叉13B的底部借助于配有周边环形密封圈18的钢板做的碗状密封件17密封。
中间轴8的第二构件19为一个连接套管,其端部20外开槽,套装在第一构件12的开槽端中。连接套管具有顶靠在构件12的端段的外凸缘21。环形密封圈22设置在构件12的内倒角中,被凸缘21压紧。连接套管19的相对端23开有键槽,套装在差速器的输出口24(图1)中,该口配有图2中虚线所示的密封垫124。
图2所示还有轴承座9的滚珠25和轴承座的外座圈26,该座圈自由滑动装配在图1所示的支撑板10的圆形开口110中。
安装上传动系统后,套管19在差速器中轴向顶紧,而构件12则通过一个螺旋弹簧111受力弹性顶靠在套管的凸缘21上,螺旋弹簧111在碗状密封件17和万向节7B的三销轴的轴6B的端段112之间压紧。
所述中间轴刚度大、重量轻且制造成本低。特别是构件12可用管坯通过冷变形制成,然后,磨出一个轴承滚道15。
图4所示的变型与前一个相比仅在以下方面有所区别:
-构件12的管状部分16短,通过一根具有相同截面与之头尾焊接的管116延长;
-轴承的内滚道15通过对构件12进行外加工制成,与和构件同材料制成的横向隔板27对齐。该隔板使三销轴叉13B密封,取消了碗状密封件17。
在图4所示的变型中,构件12可锻造。
图5所示的变型与图2所示的区别仅在于管状部分16延长,以构成同一材料制成的套管119,后者端部有花键23。此处,碗状密封件28使套管119的自由端密封。
在图6和图7所示的实施例中,除了管状部分16长度短以外,中间轴的构件12与图2所示的相同。该管状部分的内花键29中接纳中间轴附加件的开槽端(未示出)。
如图7所示,轴承座9的外座圈26可以凸肩的形式与支撑板10同材料制成,凸肩具有内环形槽,槽中磨有滚珠25的外滚道。
除了管状部分16的花键29为外花键外,图8和图9所示的变型与图6和图7所示的相同。此处,管状部分16套装在中间轴附加件的内开槽端中。
上述中间轴的每一个实施例都装有传动万向节7B的三销轴叉。因此,传动部分4B在汽车内侧终止于附加三销轴。同样,对称的传动部分4A在汽车内侧终止于一个三销轴,而在安装该传动部分前,差速器相应的输出端装配有接纳三销轴的开槽套管-三销轴叉组件,例如,如图10所示的开槽套管31-三销轴叉32两部分的组件104。套管31与图2所示的套管19相似,具有开槽部分33,后者套装在三销轴叉32的开槽延长部分34中。

Claims (13)

1.汽车传动系统的中间轴,它为一整体件(12),包括:(a)滑动式万向节(7B)的凹件(13B),(b)轴承的内滚道(15),和(c)从该滚道沿与所述凹件相反的方向延伸的管状部分(16)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的中间轴,其特征为:轴承的内滚道(15)在所述件(12)的径向变形部分上形成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的中间轴,其特征为:轴承的内滚道(15)在所述件(12)的外部加工制成。
4.根据权利要求3所述的中间轴,其特征为:轴承的内滚道(15)与所述件(12)的横向隔板27对齐。
5.根据权利要求1至4之一所述的中间轴,其特征为:所述件(12)在所述管状部分(16)的端部形成同一材料的连接套管(119),特别是开槽连接套管。
6.根据权利要求1至4之一所述的中间轴,其特征为:它具有一个设置在所述管状部分(16)端部的分开的连接套管(19),特别是开槽连接套管。
7.根据权利要求1至6之一所述的中间轴,其特征为:凹件(13B)为特别是三销轴式滑动万向节(7B)的三销轴叉。
8.用于汽车的传动装置,包括一个根据权利要求1至7之一所述的中间轴(8),一个用于固定在动力装置上或汽车结构上的该轴的支撑件(10),一个装在支撑件上的轴承外座圈(26),以及插装在该外座圈和中间轴轴承内滚道(15)之间的轴承部件(25)。
9.根据权利要求8所述的传动装置,其特征为:轴承外座圈(26)滑动安装在支撑件(10)的开口(110)中;传动装置具有中间轴(8)的与所述凹件(13B)反向的弹性轴向施力件(111)。
10.根据权利要求8所述的传动装置,其特征为:轴承外座圈(26)和支撑件(10)是同一材料制成的。
11.汽车传动系统,包括一个差速器,其输出端通过第一传动部分(4A)与最近的车轮(3A)相连,通过权利要求8至10之一所述的传动装置与另一个车轮(3B)相连,传动装置后面连有与第一传动部分一样的第二传动部分(4B)。
12.根据权利要求11所述的传动系统,其特征为:第一传动部分和第二传动部分(4A,4B)的端部都在差速器处连有一个万向节的凸件(7A,7B)。
13.根据权利要求12所述的传动系统,其特征为:它在所述第一传动部分(4A)和差速器相应的输出端之间插装有万向节凹件(31)-连接套管(32)的组件。
CN97194084A 1996-04-23 1997-04-16 汽车传动系统的中间轴及相应的传动装置和传动系统 Expired - Fee Related CN1094097C (zh)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9605108A FR2747621B1 (fr) 1996-04-23 1996-04-23 Arbre-relais pour transmission de vehicule automobile, dispositif de transmission correspondant, et transmission pour vehicule automobile
FR96/05108 1996-04-23

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CN1216505A true CN1216505A (zh) 1999-05-12
CN1094097C CN1094097C (zh) 2002-11-13

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US (1) US6290020B1 (zh)
EP (1) EP0896558B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2000508602A (zh)
KR (1) KR20000010586A (zh)
CN (1) CN1094097C (zh)
AU (1) AU2644297A (zh)
BR (1) BR9708791A (zh)
DE (1) DE69705511T2 (zh)
FR (1) FR2747621B1 (zh)
WO (1) WO1997039909A1 (zh)

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CN101590812B (zh) * 2009-07-02 2013-01-23 苏州市奥杰汽车技术有限公司 两级式驱动轴装置
CN104553775A (zh) * 2013-10-11 2015-04-29 现代自动车株式会社 传动轴的安装结构
CN104553775B (zh) * 2013-10-11 2018-08-31 现代自动车株式会社 传动轴的安装结构
TWI613376B (zh) * 2014-01-09 2018-02-01 國禾興業有限公司 傳動旋轉扭力緩衝軸

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BR9708791A (pt) 1999-08-03
EP0896558A1 (fr) 1999-02-17
FR2747621A1 (fr) 1997-10-24
WO1997039909A1 (fr) 1997-10-30
DE69705511T2 (de) 2002-04-25
CN1094097C (zh) 2002-11-13
JP2000508602A (ja) 2000-07-11
EP0896558B1 (fr) 2001-07-04
AU2644297A (en) 1997-11-12
DE69705511D1 (de) 2001-08-09
KR20000010586A (ko) 2000-02-15
FR2747621B1 (fr) 1998-07-10
US6290020B1 (en) 2001-09-18

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