CN1214934C - 用于重载设备的轮胎 - Google Patents

用于重载设备的轮胎 Download PDF

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CN1214934C
CN1214934C CNB008045968A CN00804596A CN1214934C CN 1214934 C CN1214934 C CN 1214934C CN B008045968 A CNB008045968 A CN B008045968A CN 00804596 A CN00804596 A CN 00804596A CN 1214934 C CN1214934 C CN 1214934C
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carcass plies
carcass
work
plies
reinforcement
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CN1342117A (zh
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奥利弗·孔普斯
雅克·吉罗
马丽-克罗德·帕尔根
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Michelin Recherche et Technique SA Switzerland
Societe de Technologie Michelin SAS
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60CVEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C9/00Reinforcements or ply arrangement of pneumatic tyres
    • B60C9/18Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers
    • B60C9/20Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel
    • B60C9/2003Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel characterised by the materials of the belt cords
    • B60C9/2006Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel characterised by the materials of the belt cords consisting of steel cord plies only
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60CVEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C9/00Reinforcements or ply arrangement of pneumatic tyres
    • B60C9/18Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers
    • B60C9/20Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel
    • B60C9/2003Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel characterised by the materials of the belt cords
    • B60C9/2009Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel characterised by the materials of the belt cords comprising plies of different materials
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60CVEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C9/00Reinforcements or ply arrangement of pneumatic tyres
    • B60C9/18Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers
    • B60C9/20Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel
    • B60C2009/2038Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel using lateral belt strips at belt edges, e.g. edge bands
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60CVEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C9/00Reinforcements or ply arrangement of pneumatic tyres
    • B60C9/18Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers
    • B60C9/20Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel
    • B60C2009/2041Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel with an interrupted belt ply, e.g. using two or more portions of the same ply
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T152/00Resilient tires and wheels
    • Y10T152/10Tires, resilient
    • Y10T152/10495Pneumatic tire or inner tube
    • Y10T152/10765Characterized by belt or breaker structure
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T152/00Resilient tires and wheels
    • Y10T152/10Tires, resilient
    • Y10T152/10495Pneumatic tire or inner tube
    • Y10T152/10765Characterized by belt or breaker structure
    • Y10T152/10792Structure where each bias angle reinforcing cord ply has no opposingly angled ply
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T152/00Resilient tires and wheels
    • Y10T152/10Tires, resilient
    • Y10T152/10495Pneumatic tire or inner tube
    • Y10T152/10765Characterized by belt or breaker structure
    • Y10T152/10801Structure made up of two or more sets of plies wherein the reinforcing cords in one set lie in a different angular position relative to those in other sets

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Tires In General (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于重载设备的轮胎,具有至少一个径向胎体加强件(1),它被胎冠加强件(3)在径向外侧包覆,该胎冠加强件由至少三个所谓的工作帘布层(31、32、33)构成,工作帘布层(31、32、33)用不可延伸的金属丝构成,并且在帘布层(31、32)的金属丝与下一帘布层(32、33)的金属丝交叉,与周向构成15°和35°之间的夹角α1、α2和α3,至少一由不可延伸金属加强部件构成和在赤道平面XX′每边有宽度为L′的半帘布层(34),被径向设置在至少两径向相邻工作帘布层(31、32;32、33)边缘之间,该半帘布层(34)的加强钢丝与该周向形成夹角β,该夹角绝对值首先大于25°,并且其次其绝对值大于由两工作帘布层部件构成最大夹角的数值在5°和15°之间。

Description

用于重载设备的轮胎
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有一径向胎体加强件的轮胎,适合用于诸如运输车辆和建筑机械的重载车辆上,特别涉及这种轮胎的胎冠加强件。
背景技术
如前已知,图1所示的建筑车辆轮胎具有一胎体加强件(1),该加强件包括一层用不可延伸的钢丝制成的帘布层(ply),在每个胎圈内固定在钢丝圈(bead wire)2以形成一个翻转部分10,其端部基本位于该胎冠加强件最大轴向宽度的平面上。所述胎体加强件径向上由橡胶混合物的成型部件(10)和一帘布层20环绕,而后是一胎冠加强件3,该胎冠加强件首先包括称作工作帘布层的两个帘布层31和32,其次是两个径向的所谓的防护帘布层51和52。该工作帘布层用不可延伸的钢丝制成,在每个帘布层31、32内彼此平行,而从一帘布层31到另一帘布层32则交叉,与环形方向形成一15°到45°之间的角度。所述工作帘布层的轴向宽度通常在该胎体加强件1最大轴向宽度的60%至80%之间。该防护帘布层51、52用弹性钢丝制成,在每个帘布层51、52内彼此平行,而从一帘布层51到另一帘布层52则交叉,与环形方向也形成一个15°到45°之间的角度,所述防护帘布层的宽度通常小于该工作帘布层的宽度,最后径向外工作帘布层32钢丝与径向内防护帘布层51钢丝交叉,该胎冠加强件由一胎面4包覆,该胎面通过两侧壁6与两胎圈7连接。
业已知道,径向轮胎,特别是大直径的轮胎的胎冠加强件受到很大的变形,它导致了在两个交叉帘布层边缘之间的纵向和横向剪切应力(当该交叉帘布层的金属丝与环形方向构成小角度时,纵向剪切大于横向剪切),同时一径向应力起分层应力作用,使两帘布层边缘趋于径向分离。所述应力首先和主要由轮胎充气产生,这意味着在该胎体加强件与该胎冠加强件之间的所谓胶带(belting)压力将导致该胎冠加强件周向扩展;而后由于行驶时在轮胎与地面之间形成一接触表面,轮胎承受载荷;最后由于在行驶中轮胎的侧移。所述的剪切应力导致邻近该最短帘布层端部的该橡胶混合物龟裂,这种龟裂在该混合物中扩散,对该胎冠加强件,并由此对轮胎寿命产生有害的作用。
一种在寿命方面的改进通过使用至少一个胎冠防护帘布层而获得,该胎冠防护帘布层的轴向宽度大于工作帘布层轴向最宽宽度。
另一种解决方式,如法国专利2421742所述,通过增加胎冠帘布层部件,例如利用四个与周向构成15°至35°夹角的彼此交叉的帘布层的加强部件工作帘布层,并通过将用于常规两工作帘布层的加强部件分布在四个工作帘布层中,使后者在该帘布层的加强部件垂直测量在延伸上具有相同的刚性和相同的厚度,在轮胎侧移时有效分散导致工作胎冠帘布层之间分离的应力。
发明内容
该工作帘布层的增加并不是没有缺点,特别是在加强件的中央,帘布层的数目对该轮胎胎冠弯曲强度有很大的影响。本发明提出增加对胎冠加强件的工作帘布层之间分离的抵抗力,该胎冠加强件具有加宽的一层或多层防护帘布层,并由此该改善了用于工程机械轮胎的这种胎冠加强件的耐用性,而不增加在加强件中央的工作帘布层数量。
根据本发明的轮胎,具有至少一个径向胎体加强件,它在每个胎圈内固定在至少一个钢丝圈上,形成一个翻转部分,所述胎体加强件被一胎冠加强件在径向外侧包覆,该胎冠加强件由至少三个所谓工作帘布层构成,该工作帘布层由不可延伸的金属加强部件构成,该部件在每帘布层中彼此平行,并且从一帘布层到下一帘布层则交叉,与周向构成15°和35°之间的夹角α、α′,其特征在于,至少一个由不可延伸金属加强部件构成和在赤道平面任一边上有宽度L′的半帘布层,被径向设置在至少两径向相邻的工作帘布层边缘之间,该半帘布层轴向外、内端分别以至少等于L′/5的距离,位于该最宽工作帘布层端部的轴向外侧和最小宽度工作帘布层端部内侧,所述半帘布层的加强部件与周向形成一夹角β,该夹角绝对值首先大于25°,其次该绝对值大于由两工作帘布层部件构成最大夹角的数值在5°和15°之间的。
最好是,半帘布层设置在最靠近该胎体加强件的两工作帘布层之间,无论是一个或者两个半帘布层,每个半帘布层的加强部件与该工作帘布层的加强部件相交叉是有益的,该工作帘布层在该半帘布层径向内边,并径向最靠近该胎体加强件。
该胎冠加强件的各工作帘布层的宽度,通常是不相等的,使其在每个半帘布层径向内边的工作帘布层的宽度小于在该半帘布层径向外边的该工作帘布层的宽度。
在该情况下,在该赤道平面任一边,两个半帘布层设置在三帘布层工作加强件的两径向相邻工作帘布层边缘之间,该第二半帘布层由与该第一半帘布层相同的金属加强部件构成,该部件最好与该第一半帘布层的部件相交叉。
如前已知,该工作帘布层被一防护加强件径向包覆,该防护加强件具有两个弹性金属加强部件帘布层。所述防护加强帘布层之一,最好是径向内帘布层,具有大于该工作帘布层最大轴向宽度的轴向宽度,而该第二防护帘布层宽度具有处于工作帘布层宽度值之间的数值。
附图说明
本发明的特征通过结合附图的非限定实施例的下属描述而更好地理解,其中:
图1是子午面剖面简图,示出了根据现有技术的建筑车辆轮胎的胎冠加强件,
图2是子午面剖面简图,示出了根据本发明的该胎冠加强件第一变体,
图3也是子午面剖面简图,示出了根据本发明的该胎冠加强件第二变体。
具体实施方式
根据本发明的轮胎P是一种用于建筑车辆的轮胎,其胎冠加强件在图2中显示。有大直径的该轮胎比率H/S等于0.80,H是在轮辋上的该轮胎的高度,S是该轮胎最大轴向宽度,该轮胎被安装在其工作的轮辋上,并充气到要求的压力。
所述轮胎P具有一径向胎体加强件,它包括一单独的不可延伸金属帘布层,该金属帘布层在每个胎圈内固定在至少一个钢丝圈(未示出)上,形成翻转,其端部基本位于该胎体加强件轴向最大宽度的直线上,该直线平行于该旋转轴线。该胎体帘布层1,在其中央部分被一橡胶混合物层20径向包覆,在其外侧被两个由相同的橡胶混合物构成的三角形成型部件21包覆,该成型部件使其能够补偿该胎体加强件与该胎冠加强件之间在子午面上弯曲的差别。实际上该成型部件和该帘布层径向外边设置了一工作胎冠加强件3和一防护加强件5。
该工作加强件具有第一和主要的三个工作帘布层31、32和33,他们在轴向上连续并且其宽度分别为L31、L32和L33,在所描述的情况中,该最小宽度帘布层31径向最靠近该胎体加强件,并且该宽度L31、L32和L33从内边到外边径向增加。所述三个宽度分别等于0.5S0、0.55S0和0.66S0。所述三帘布层31、32和33由不可延伸金属丝构成,它们在每一帘布层内彼此平行,并且从一帘布层31、32到另一帘布层32、33交叉,与该轮胎周向形成角度α1、α2和α3,它们分别等于+18°、-24°和+18°  。
在最小宽度帘布层31的边缘和径向相邻的中等宽度帘布层32边缘的径向之间,设置两个半帘布层34,由与构成该帘布层31、32和33相同的不可延伸金属部件构成,所述金属部件在每个半帘布层34内彼此平行,并与靠近该胎体帘布层1的轴向连续帘布层31的部件相交,与周向构成一夹角β,它大于角α1和α2并等于-33°。每个半帘布层34的轴向宽度L′等于0.33S0。该半帘布层34的轴向内端轴向位于帘布层31端部的里边,并离该赤道平面XX′一轴向距离,该最小宽度工作帘布层31的轴向半宽度与该距离之间的差等于0.22L′,使得在该半帘布层34轴向内边缘与在径向里边的最小宽度轴向连续帘布层31边缘之间有一重叠。至于该半帘布层34轴向外端,在该最宽帘布层32的端部在轴向外边,并离该赤道平面XX′一轴向距离,所述距离与该最宽工作帘布层32的轴向半宽度之间的差该等于0.37L′。
该防护加强件,终止于该胎冠加强件和上面所述工作帘布层径向外边,由两个弹性钢丝的帘布层51和52构成。承受一个等于破损载荷的拉伸力的钢丝具有称做弹性的至少4%相对伸长,而在10%的破损载荷时检测时,其相对伸长小于0.2%,钢丝称之为不可延伸的。从一帘布层51到另一帘布层52该两帘布层的钢丝交叉,与该周向构成分别等于-24°和+24°的夹角,最靠近于该胎体加强件的该防护帘布层51的钢丝与离该胎体加强件最远的工作帘布层33的交叉。该帘布层51的轴向宽度L51大大地大于最宽工作帘布层的宽度L33,并且其端部在该半帘布层34轴向外端的轴向外边,使该防护帘布层51轴向覆盖所有工作帘布层和插入的半帘布层。该第二防护帘布层的宽度L52基本上等于两最宽工作帘布层宽度L32和L33的总宽度的一半。
图3显示了一胎冠加强件的变体,包括两个半帘布层34,分别位于该工作帘布层31和32之间和工作帘布层32和33之间,所述工作帘布层31、32、33完全相同于上述帘布层,同样使用相当于图2的该半帘布层的第一半帘布层34。至于在工作帘布层32和33之间的该第二半帘布层34,由与第一半帘布层的与周向构成33°夹角β的相同的钢丝构成,而且与该第一半帘布层34相交。其轴向宽度遵守上述提出的原则,如已经知道的,采用在同一平行平面中一帘布层没有两端的措施。

Claims (7)

1.一种用于重载设备的轮胎,具有至少一个径向胎体加强件(1),它在每个胎圈内固定在至少一个钢丝圈上,形成一个翻转部分,所述胎体加强件(1)被一胎冠加强件(3)在径向外侧包覆,该胎冠加强件由至少三个所谓工作帘布层(31、32、33)构成,该工作帘布层(31、32、33)由不可延伸的金属加强部件构成,该金属加强部件在每帘布层内彼此平行,并且在一帘布层(31、32)中与在下一帘布层(32、33)中交叉,与周向构成15°和35°之间的夹角α1、α2和α3,其特征在于:至少一个半帘布层(34),它由不可延伸金属加强部件构成,并在赤道平面XX′任一边上的宽度为L′,被径向设置在至少两径向相邻的工作帘布层(31、32;32、33)边缘之间,所述半帘布层(34)轴向外、内端分别以至少等于L′/5数值的距离位于最宽工作帘布层端部的轴向外侧和最小宽度工作帘布层端部轴向内侧,所述半帘布层(34)的加强部件与所述周向形成夹角β,该夹角的绝对值首先大于25°,并且其次其绝对值大于由两工作帘布层部件构成最大夹角的数值在5°和15°之间。
2.根据权利要求1的轮胎,其特征在于:所述半帘布层(34)设置在最靠近该胎体加强件的两工作帘布层(31、32)之间。
3.根据权利要求1或2的轮胎,其特征在于:每个或所述半帘布层(34)的加强部件与工作帘布层的加强部件交叉,该工作帘布层在每个或所述半帘布层(34)径向内边的并且径向最靠近该胎体加强件(1)。
4.根据权利要求3的轮胎,其特征在于:该胎冠加强件(3)的工作帘布层(31、32、33)的宽度使得在每个半帘布层(34)径向内边的帘布层(31、32)宽度小于所述半帘布层(34)径向外边的帘布层(32、33)宽度。
5.根据权利要求4的轮胎,其特征在于:在所述赤道平面XX′任一边包括两个半帘布层(34),其设置在三帘布层(31、32、33)的工作加强件的两径向相邻工作帘布层(31、32;32、33)边缘之间,第二半帘布层(34)由与第一半帘布层(34)相同的金属加强部件构成,该第二半帘布层的所述部件与所述第一半帘布层的部件相交叉。
6.根据权利要求1的轮胎,其特征在于:该工作帘布层(31、32、33)和半帘布层(34)被一防护加强件(5)径向包覆,该防护加强件包括两个由弹性金属加强部件构成的帘布层(51、52),所述防护帘布层(51、52)之一的轴向宽度(L51、L52)大于该工作帘布层的最大轴向宽度。
7.根据权利要求6的轮胎,其特征在于:轴向宽度(L51、L52)大于工作帘布层最大轴向宽度的帘布层(51、52)是径向内防护帘布层(51),而另一防护帘布层(52)的宽度(L52)处于最宽的两工作帘布层宽度之间。
CNB008045968A 1999-03-17 2000-02-28 用于重载设备的轮胎 Expired - Fee Related CN1214934C (zh)

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FR2791001B1 (fr) 2001-05-04
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