CN1213016A - 固体表面处理用的以1,1,1,3,3－五氟丁烷、二氯甲烷和甲醇为主要成分的准共沸混合物 - Google Patents

固体表面处理用的以1,1,1,3,3－五氟丁烷、二氯甲烷和甲醇为主要成分的准共沸混合物 Download PDF

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CN1213016A
CN1213016A CN98117922A CN98117922A CN1213016A CN 1213016 A CN1213016 A CN 1213016A CN 98117922 A CN98117922 A CN 98117922A CN 98117922 A CN98117922 A CN 98117922A CN 1213016 A CN1213016 A CN 1213016A
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pentafluorobutane
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methanol
azeotropic mixture
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CN1198966C (zh
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P·米曹德
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Arkema France SA
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Elf Atochem SA
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    • C09K5/045—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds containing only fluorine as halogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
    • F26B5/005—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by dipping them into or mixing them with a chemical liquid, e.g. organic; chemical, e.g. organic, dewatering aids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
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Abstract

为了代替处理固体表面(特别是去焊药)组合物中的1,1,2－三氯－1,2,2－三氟乙烷和1,1－二氯－1－氟乙烷,本发明提出使用以重量计含有75—95%的1,1,1,3,3－五氟丁烷、1—15%二氯甲烷和1—10%甲醇的准共沸混合物。

Description

固体表面处理用的以1,1,1,3,3-五氟丁烷、二氯甲烷 和甲醇为主要成分的准共沸混合物
本发明涉及含氟烃的领域，更具体地本发明的内容是一种在固体表面处理，尤其是用于固体表面干燥、清洗、脱脂或干清洗的各种操作中可使用的新准共沸混合物。
1,1,2-三氯-1,2,2-三氟乙烷(该技术领域中命名为F113为人们所知)广泛地用在各种各样固体(金属、玻璃、塑料、复合材料的工件)表面的清洗和脱脂工业中。除了在电子工业中用于清洗焊剂以除去粘附在印刷线路板上的清洗剂流外，还可以提及这种化合物在重金属工件脱脂中和在高质量、高精度机械工件清洗中的应用，如陀螺仪和军事、航空-宇宙或医药设备。在它的各种应用中，F113往往与其他有机溶剂(例如甲醇)配合，优选地呈共沸混合物或准共沸混合物形式，这些混合物不会离析，在回流使用时，这些混合物在蒸汽相中与液相中明显地具有同样的组成。
F113在工业上还用于各种固体基质材料在含水介质中清洗后的干燥或除水。在用于除去已清洗基质材料表面上残留水的这种应用中，F113经常添加一种或多种表面活性剂(例如参见FR 2 353 625、FR 2 527 625、EP 90677和EP189436，以及在这些专利中引用的参考文献)。
由于F113构成了被认为是化学侵蚀和毁坏同温层的氯氟碳(CFC)的一部分，因而，提出在这些应用中用1,1-二氯-1-氟乙烷(已知命名为F141b)代替F113。
尽管F141b毁坏同温层可能性(ODP)比F113低得多，但不是一点没有，因此已经管理其使用。
为了解决这个问题，在US 5 350 534中提出用以重量计由30-69％的1,1,1,3,3-五氟丁烷(F365mfc)、30-60％二氯甲烷和1-10％甲醇构成的共沸混合物代替F113或F141b。但是这种混合物中高含量的二氯甲烷(最少30％)使其在处理完全或部分由脆塑料构成的固体表面时变得不能使用，因为它的使用使得这些材料出现碎裂或裂纹和/或使它们变得有粘性。
现在发现，使用以重量计含有不大于15％的二氯甲烷，余下部分由75-95％F365mfc和1-10％甲醇构成的混合物时，可以克服这种缺陷，还保持上述共沸混合物的主要优点。
这种混合物能够清洗敏感材料而没有缺陷，如丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS)、聚碳酸酯(PC)和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)。另一方面，这种混合物在标准测定(ASTMD 3828标准)条件下没有闪点，因此能够在充分安全的条件下工作。
本发明更优选的混合物以重量计含有85-90％F365mfc、5-10％二氯甲烷和2-5％甲醇。
正如在已知的以F113或F141b为主要成分的组合物中，本发明的混合物如果需要的话可以加以稳定，防止在清洗过程中进行水解和/或能够突然发生的游离基化学作用。为此，该混合物中添加一般的稳定剂，例如像硝基链烷、乙缩醛或环氧化物，以混合物总重量计稳定剂的比例可以是0.01-5％。
本发明的混合物可以在与以F113或F141b为主要成分的现有组合物相同的条件下，根据同样的技术使用。
本发明的混合物溶解含硅氧烷的产品，尤其是硅脂。因此它们可以用于清洗在表面有硅氧烷衍生物的各种工件，或沉积有这种类型的衍生物的各种工件，例如在本发明的硅氧烷溶液混合物中浸泡这些工件。
本发明的混合物是不可燃的，并快速蒸发。因此，它们可以在快速激光印刷装置中充分安全地使用。
下述实施例说明本发明而不限制其保护范围。
实施例1
在超声波清洗槽中，加入150克以重量计含有89％F365mfc、3.5％甲醇、7％二氯甲烷和0.5％硝基甲烷(稳定剂)的混合物。
在将该系统回流1小时后，抽出一份蒸汽相。采用气相色谱分析该蒸汽相(参见下表)，表明混合物的组成实际上没有改变，还表明混合物在蒸汽相中是稳定的。
组成％(重量)
F365 mfc CH2Cl2 甲醇 CH3NO2
起始混合物 89 7 3.5 0.5
抽出的部分 88.8 6.9 4 0.3
实施例2
五个试验线路板(标准化型号IPC-B-25)涂以松香为主要成分的焊药(ALPHAMETAL公司的R8F焊药)，并在220℃烘箱中烘30秒钟。
这些线路板用实施例1的准共沸混合物在小的超声器中浸入清洗3分钟，再在蒸汽相中清洗3分钟。
根据标准化方法IPC 2.3.26采用精确的电导测定仪评价其清洗。所得到的值(2.2微克/厘米2氯化钠当量)低于该行业所允许的离子杂质阈值(2.5微克/厘米2氯化钠当量)。

Claims (6)

1、一种准共沸混合物，该混合物是以重量计由75-95％的1,1,1,3,3-五氟丁烷、1-15％二氯甲烷和1-10％甲醇构成的。
2、根据权利要求1所述的混合物，该混合物含有85-90％的1,1,1,3,3-五氟丁烷、5-10％二氯甲烷和2-5％甲醇。
3、根据权利要求1或2所述的混合物，该混合物还含有一种稳定剂。
4、根据权利要求3所述的混合物，其中以混合物总重量计的稳定剂比例是0.01-5％。
5、根据权利要求1-4中任一权利要求所述的混合物在处理固体表面，尤其是在印刷线路板去焊药中和在机械工件脱脂中的应用。
6、根据权利要求1-4中任一权利要求所述的混合物在固体表面干燥或除水方面的应用。
CNB981179223A 1997-07-31 1998-07-31 固体表面处理用的以1,1,1,3,3－五氟丁烷、二氯甲烷和甲醇为主要成分的准共沸混合物 Expired - Fee Related CN1198966C (zh)

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FR09775/97 1997-07-31
FR97/09775 1997-07-31
FR9709775A FR2766836B1 (fr) 1997-07-31 1997-07-31 Melange quasi azeotropique a base de 1,1,1,3,3- pentafluorobutane, de chlorure de methylene et de methanol pour le traitement de surfaces solides

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CN1989275B (zh) * 2004-07-29 2010-05-05 阿克马法国公司 1,1,1,3,3-五氟丁烷组合物

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FR2766836A1 (fr) 1999-02-05
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AU739671B2 (en) 2001-10-18
CA2242726C (fr) 2007-01-09
AU7861098A (en) 1999-02-11
CA2242726A1 (fr) 1999-01-31
EP0894851A1 (fr) 1999-02-03
KR19990014307A (ko) 1999-02-25
FR2766836B1 (fr) 1999-09-24
CN1198966C (zh) 2005-04-27
JPH11152236A (ja) 1999-06-08
US6489277B1 (en) 2002-12-03
DE69814993T2 (de) 2004-02-19
KR100523435B1 (ko) 2006-01-27
DE69814993D1 (de) 2003-07-03

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