CN1204980A - 可塑材料的多螺纹轴连续操作混合机 - Google Patents

可塑材料的多螺纹轴连续操作混合机 Download PDF

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CN1204980A
CN1204980A CN97191348A CN97191348A CN1204980A CN 1204980 A CN1204980 A CN 1204980A CN 97191348 A CN97191348 A CN 97191348A CN 97191348 A CN97191348 A CN 97191348A CN 1204980 A CN1204980 A CN 1204980A
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西格瓦尔德·罗克施旦特
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/46—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft
    • B29B7/48—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
    • B29B7/482—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws provided with screw parts in addition to other mixing parts, e.g. paddles, gears, discs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/46—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft
    • B29B7/48—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/46—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft
    • B29B7/48—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
    • B29B7/488—Parts, e.g. casings, sealings; Accessories, e.g. flow controlling or throttling devices
    • B29B7/489—Screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • B29C48/402—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders the screws having intermeshing parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/268—Throttling of the flow, e.g. for cooperating with plasticising elements or for degassing

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种具两根螺纹轴的可塑材料的多螺纹轴连续操作混合机,该两根螺纹轴在一箱体内沿同一方向旋转,穿过封装这相关的两螺纹轴的该箱体的圆筒形部分,并有送料和测量段和在中间的至少一个均匀段和一混合段,由此,送料和测量段是由相互啮合的传送螺纹轴组成并被放在混合单元内,该单元与均匀段和混合段相对,紧随该两段之后的是由带有返回送料螺纹的短螺纹单元组成的节流单元。返回送料螺纹形成一顶点部,该螺纹以这样一种方式沿径向缩短,即,使在入口侧的该顶点部的倒圆半径短于在出口侧的顶点部的倒圆半径,而在入口部与出口部之间的倒圆半径是朝着出口侧增大。

Description

可塑材料的多螺纹轴连续操作混合机
本发明涉及一种具两根螺纹轴的可塑材料的多螺纹轴连续操作混合机，该两根螺纹轴在一箱体内沿同一方向旋转，穿过封装这相关的两螺纹轴的该箱体的圆筒形部分，并显示送料和测量段和在中间的至少一个均匀段和一混合段，由此，送料和测量段是由相互啮合的传送螺纹轴组成并被放在混合单元内，该单元与均匀段和混合段相对，紧随该两段之后的是由带有返回送料螺纹的短螺纹单元组成的节流单元(Stauelement)。
德国专利DE-PS 4338795(=美国专利US-PS 5499870)描述了这样一种机器。在这种机器的情况下，尾随混合单元的节流单元确保延伸在混合单元之上的一腔始终被充满，由此，意味着该机器恒定输送一合适量的待混合的材料。在已知的这类机器中，该节流单元是由多个带有间歇返回送料螺纹的短螺纹单元组成的。由于返回送料螺纹的顶点区是中断式的，从而产生出因其尺寸而能使可塑材料流动的溢流槽。
由于在返回送料螺纹中的中断，提供了一恒流孔，这与该机器的操作速度无关，其结果，使在延伸在混合单元之上的该腔内始终有同一压力，这基本上与速度无关。
本发明是以能提供一种在该腔内的可选择的变化的压力为前提的。利用本发明，使返回送料螺纹形成一顶点部，该螺纹以这样一种方式沿径向缩短，即，使在入口侧的该顶点部的倒圆半径短于在出口侧的顶点部的倒圆半径，而在入口部与出口部之间的倒圆半径是朝着出口侧增大。
返回送料螺纹的顶点部的这种结构设置产生了使该腔内的压力随速度的增大而增高的意外的作用。所以，机器操作者能通过改变机器的两螺纹的速度而随意调节该腔内的压力，这能被用来对待增塑的材料施加一个特别的影响。这样使加在待增塑的材料上的能量值随着腔内压力的升高而增大，其中，取决于有关材料的黏度的能量值表示为在该腔内的一个合适的温度。此外，还有这样的作用，即，加到待增塑的材料上的添加剂或多或少充分与该材料混合。
在随意调节机器速度的这一简单的措施的基础上，能用这一机器处理广范围的多种材料，而不必非要改变诸机器单元，特别是节流单元的结构，而改变某单元的结构必须拆卸该机器并再组装起来。按照本发明，对于处理不同材料的调节，仅须改变速度就可以办到，其速度的改变可通过适当调节一般的驱动电动机就行了。按照本发明，该机器实际上适用于多方面的用途。
该腔内压力随速度的增大而升高的作用原因在于，与上述的在节流单元的返回送料螺纹中的中断相比，按照本发明的螺纹顶点的半径位于扩展方向上是连续增大的，从而产生特别的排压作用。当机器的速度愈高，这种作用变得愈明显，这样，在极端的高速度时，由于诸节流单元的作用而使该腔得到实际上的密封，这些节流单元在它们的位于该腔的出口侧的诸螺纹端彼此啮合并就此形成了一个完全的密封。具较短半径倒圆部的螺纹区使材料可通过，但是，在较高速度时通过能力就降低了。这是明显因为在高速时，由于沿输送方向顶点部的倒圆半径增大了，当速度愈高，则材料沿返回送料方向移动的愈快。
出于实践方面的原因，顶点部的倒圆半径应设计得使：与入口侧上的诸顶点部相对的诸节流单元彼此行进通过，并接着上升到顶点部在出口侧完全互相啮合的范围。
利用这样的顶点部设计表明，该机器速度的影响是特别明显的。
如希望或需要使在诸节流单元区域里的通过量特别高时，按照本发明，可以使带有变化顶点半径的节流元件，在其顶部区附加地设有径向凹部形状的断开部位。
根据用途，按本发明构成的节流单元可以与前置的、同样地按照螺旋输送形式构成的诸混合单元相结合，但是，它的螺距方向应使在该腔内的一个混合单元朝后输送。
诸附图表示了本发明的诸设计实例。
图1表示一混合机的一部分的俯视图；
图2表示按照图1的机器的一种修改设计，其中，在返回送料螺纹的诸顶点处发生中断。
图1表示一种基本上以与上述德国专利DE-PS 4338795相同的方式描述的混合机的一部分。图中只表示了与这方面有关的诸零件，下面将逐个说明每个零件。
该附图表示了一个带一箱体2的剖面图的双螺纹轴混合机，这样，能看见两根螺纹轴1和15。如在德国专利DE-PS 4338795中提到的，借助于一没有表示出来的驱动机组使两根螺纹轴朝相同的方向旋转。螺纹轴1和15的入口侧表现为传送螺纹轴7和17，这两螺纹轴将待混合的材料沿着所画的箭头的方向输送。该两螺纹轴7和17实际上是完全啮合并以相同的速度沿相同的方向转动。所以，它们是相互啮合并以所悉知的方式沿相同的方向驱动的螺纹轴，基于它们的固有的功能，将送给它们的材料从右侧传输到左侧。
紧跟着传送螺纹轴7和17的是混合单元8和18。在其上混合单元8和18延伸的区域形成一腔29，由传送螺纹轴7和17供给的材料在此腔内混合，从而使该材料沿螺纹轴1向前传送并沿螺纹轴15向后传送。向后传送的材料与由传送螺纹轴7和17加入的新材料相遇，然后由混合单元8转向并再被向前输送。这样就导致越是经常重复这一循环，由输送螺纹轴7和17提供的材料量越少。所以，在混合单元8和18区域的停留时间是由通过输送螺纹轴7和17提供的材料量确定的。
紧随混合单元8和18的是较短的螺纹构成的节流单元9和19，基于螺距关系，节流单元9和19沿相反的方向进入输送螺纹轴7和17的螺距，故节制了被送入的材料。在此，按照一种特别的方式由它们的螺纹的顶点部25和26改变了这种节流作用。即将该两顶点部25和26变成平坦的以类似于一圆柱表面，从而使顶点部朝着混合单元8和18(入口侧)的那一侧的倒圆半径短于由下一个输送螺纹轴14和24形成的出口侧的倒圆半径。
顶点部25和26的倒圆半径的、从入口侧进到出口侧的增大表示在图1中，呈现出一个从一较宽的顶点部向一较窄的顶点部的过渡，这意味着：顶点部的倒圆半径朝出口侧连续增大。其结果，用于由混合单元8和18输送的材料的开孔的形式，特别是在顶点部25和26的短倒圆半径的区域里的开孔的形式，是如最初图示的，这样，使被送到节流单元9和19的材料的流动被阻止了，螺纹轴1和15的速度是较高的。
允许被通过节流单元9和19的材料流入后面紧随的输送螺纹轴14和24，并以在德国专利DE-PS 4338795中所述的方式由这两螺纹轴输送。
图2表示了图1所示的机器的一部分的修改情况，其中，节流单元9和19对螺纹25和26的设计在顶点部是不同的。螺纹25和26不但其上的倒圆半径改变了而且还有沿径向朝里延伸的凹部27和28。这些凹部27和28，就长度和深度来说，能根据所需的材料通过量大小以或多或少的宽度遮(切)断相关的顶点部25和26。这样就可以影响材料的通过速率。利用这些凹部，该机器变得易于穿过。另外，在边缘(顶点)部25和26的设计上没有变化，它们的设计与图1所示的实例类似，这样，除了凹部外，它们的倒圆半径沿通过该机器的通路的方向增大。
图1和2中的边缘部25和26的尺寸选择得使与混合单元8和18面对的在入口侧的顶点部25和26可彼此行进通过并接着上升到顶点部25和26在出口侧完全互相啮合的范围。
需指出的是：诸输送螺纹、混合单元和节流单元的顺序可以多种方式使彼此前后排列。

Claims (4)

  1. 权利要求书
    1．一种可塑材料的多螺纹轴连续操作混合机，它具有两根螺纹轴(1，15)，该两根螺纹轴(1，15)在一箱体(2)内沿同一方向旋转，穿过封装这相关的两螺纹轴的该箱体(2)的圆筒形部分，并有送料和测量段和在中间的至少一个均匀段和一混合段，由此，送料和测量段是由相互啮合的传送螺纹轴(7，17；14，24)组成并被放在混合单元(8，18)内，该单元与均匀段和混合段相对，紧随该两段之后的是由带有返回送料螺纹的短螺纹单元组成的节流单元(Stauelement)(9，19)，其特征在于，返回送料螺纹形成一顶点部，该螺纹以这样一种方式沿径向缩短，即，使在入口侧的该顶点部的倒圆半径短于在出口侧的顶点部的倒圆半径，而在入口部与出口部之间的倒圆半径是朝着出口侧增大。
  2. 2．如权利要求1所述的混合机，其特征在于，顶点部的倒圆半径应变化得使：与入口侧上的诸顶点部(25，26)相对的诸节流单元(9，19)彼此行进通过，并接着上升到顶点部在出口侧完全互相啮合的范围。
  3. 3．如权利要求1或2所述的混合机，其特征在于，顶点部(25，26)以径向凹部的形式呈现出诸中断部(27，28)。
  4. 4．如权利要求1至3中任一项所述的混合机，其特征在于，位于诸节流单元(9，19)之前的诸混合单元(8，18)基本上由诸具有相同长度的螺纹轴单元(8，18)组成，这些螺纹轴的螺纹距的方向应使在延伸在诸混合单元(8，18)之上的一腔(29)内，有一混合单元(18)朝后输送。
CN97191348A 1996-10-07 1997-10-02 可塑材料的多螺纹轴连续操作混合机 Expired - Fee Related CN1075435C (zh)

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DE19641235.8 1996-10-07
DE19641235A DE19641235A1 (de) 1996-10-07 1996-10-07 Mehrwellige kontinuierlich arbeitende Mischmaschine für plastifizierbare Massen

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CN102581988A (zh) * 2012-03-17 2012-07-18 广东达诚机械有限公司 带混合功能的强制送料装置

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JP3656957B2 (ja) * 2001-01-16 2005-06-08 株式会社神戸製鋼所 二軸連続混練機とこれによる混練方法
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JP5388373B2 (ja) 2011-05-30 2014-01-15 株式会社日本製鋼所 材料混練装置及び材料混練方法
JP6242232B2 (ja) * 2014-02-13 2017-12-06 株式会社神戸製鋼所 連続混練装置
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102173004A (zh) * 2011-01-25 2011-09-07 青岛科技大学 块状橡胶连续塑炼的双转子结构及采用该转子的塑炼设备
CN102173004B (zh) * 2011-01-25 2013-02-20 青岛科技大学 块状橡胶连续塑炼的双转子结构及采用该转子的塑炼设备
CN102581988A (zh) * 2012-03-17 2012-07-18 广东达诚机械有限公司 带混合功能的强制送料装置

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ES2163747T3 (es) 2002-02-01
DE19641235A1 (de) 1998-05-28
CZ173098A3 (cs) 1998-10-14
JP2000502300A (ja) 2000-02-29
KR19990071996A (ko) 1999-09-27
AU4943297A (en) 1998-05-05
CZ293137B6 (cs) 2004-02-18
TW507666U (en) 2002-10-21
WO1998015400A1 (de) 1998-04-16
CN1075435C (zh) 2001-11-28
KR100493716B1 (ko) 2005-10-14
EP0874724A1 (de) 1998-11-04
US6106142A (en) 2000-08-22
DE59705480D1 (de) 2002-01-03
EP0874724B1 (de) 2001-11-21

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