CN1199853A - 清除电炉中的渣的方法 - Google Patents
清除电炉中的渣的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1199853A CN1199853A CN98106611A CN98106611A CN1199853A CN 1199853 A CN1199853 A CN 1199853A CN 98106611 A CN98106611 A CN 98106611A CN 98106611 A CN98106611 A CN 98106611A CN 1199853 A CN1199853 A CN 1199853A
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- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title abstract 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000010310 metallurgical process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 ferrous metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000628997 Flos Species 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000320 mechanical mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009868 nickel metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001698 pyrogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005987 sulfurization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/04—Working-up slag
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/16—Remelting metals
- C22B9/18—Electroslag remelting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0026—Pyrometallurgy
- C22B15/0054—Slag, slime, speiss, or dross treating
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种在电炉中清除非铁冶金过程中形成的渣的方法,该法尤其是涉及半连续清除法。按此新方法,该电炉设有至少两个出渣口,其中的下出渣口位于与常规的,分批操作的炉子中的出渣口相同的水平面上,而第二出渣口位置较高,或在入料口高度处,或仅在其下稍低处。
Description
本发明涉及清除电炉中非铁金属的冶金过程中产生的渣的方法,而且该法尤其是涉及一种半连续的清除方法。
在火法炼镍和铜的过程中,首先将干的、精细破碎的镍和/或铜的硫化物精矿供入,比如,闪速熔炼炉中,其中除该精矿之外,还有供入的空气、氧或它们的混合物,以及熔剂,如砂。在该炉中,该精矿与供于其中的其它物料反应,并在该炉底部沉有两个层,其下层含大部分有用金属的物料,而其上层是也含少量有用金属的渣层。
在第一工艺阶段得自闪速熔炼炉或某些其它熔炉的被氧化的渣含有用金属达到这样的程度:它被连续处理,通常在电炉中处理,在炉中该渣被还原剂,如焦炭还原。在电炉中处理时,与渣相结合的有用金属被还原和分离,从而形成位于渣层之下的特定的锍冰铜相。所产生的这种锍冰铜和可废弃的还原渣经各自的排放口排出。除铜和镍之外,有用金属还包括少量的于此渣中的贵金属和其它的非铁金属,如钴。
在大多数的情况下,用于处理这种渣的电炉按分批作业法运行。现在炉子的容积,即料批的大小,以及在各阶段处理此料批所需的时间都限制了该炉的能力。因此,比如,若提高熔炼精矿的能力,就需要增加电炉、需要提高电炉的容量,比如将用两座电炉,或用另一个更大的炉子替换该炉,或缩短料批的还原和沉积时间,即降低回收率来增加容量。
为提高分批操作的电炉的容量已开发了多种方法。US.3,857,770公开了一种方法,其中通过机械混合来改善清渣。US.4,110,107述及一种方法,其中将用于还原的碳喷入熔渣,而US.4,168,156的方法则试图通过向此熔体供入气体促进除渣。
从US.3,666,440得知一种清除渣的方法,其中采用了连续运行的电炉。在这种类型的炉子中,经处理的废渣的出渣口与欲被供入该炉的氧化渣的入口位于同一水平面上。此炉的优点是,该渣作为溢流从炉中放出。因为还原得最完全的渣位于表面,所以有利于首先将其排出。按分批法,出渣口位于此渣层的底部,其中最后进行渣的清除。另一方面,连续法缺点在于:在这段时间中,当进入的渣经最快的途径流出此炉时大部分炉子容积空着无用。按US.3,666,440的方法,企图借助于这样的炉壁结构来防止这情况:该炉壁位于加料端,并且向下延伸直到渣层底部为止。
按照本发明,为提高分批操作的炉子的能力,已开发了一种可称为半连续法的清除渣的方法。该法旨在将分批法和连续法的优点结合,并与此同时将此二法的缺点减为最小。
从上述可知,在电炉中通常一次只用一个出渣口;在分批操作的电炉中,出渣口位于渣层底部,而在连续运行的炉子中,出渣口设在供料入口的高度处,在这种情况下还原渣作为溢流被排出。很明显,在此炉中总建造至少一个备用的出渣口,但这些渣口不在本发明的考虑范围内。按照这种新方法,在该电炉中至少设有两个供灵活使用的出渣的装置,下渣口位于常规分批操作炉的出渣口的水平面上;另一渣口的位置较高,或位于入料口的水平面上,或比其稍低。术语出渣口、排渣口及卸渣口在本文中均指代相同的东西。从所附的权利要求中可了解本发明主要的新特性。
用本发明的方法,欲被供入此电炉的料批量,与常规的分批法相比,提高了20-50%,但该料批的总处理时间仍保持相同。
本发明的被称为半连续的电炉可以两种可供选择的方式运行。当在该炉上部设置了较高的出渣口时,在同一水平面上还设置了出渣槽,若在此炉中已设置了较低的出渣口和出渣槽,则将它们保留。若该炉是新电炉,则设置分批和连续排渣的排渣口和排渣槽。
所谓半连续法的第一种操作方法如下:在该电炉中的清除渣以常规方式开始:经过下渣口将渣全部排空的炉子,通过以正常的方式装入来自闪速熔炼炉、或某些其它相当的熔炼炉的渣开始装渣,与此同时关闭下渣口。向此渣的表面上供入一些还原剂,如焦炭。将此炉装渣至最大的熔体高度,即直到设于入料口的水平面上的上出渣口处,但此后仍连续不断地装渣,比如持续一段相当于该渣正常装渣期的20-50%的时间。现在开始经此炉的上渣口溢流。至少要将此上排渣口设在此炉的入料口的对侧自然是很清楚的。经上出渣口溢流的渣,由于自开始倾入时与还原剂接触,所以有充分时间被还原和沉积,因而是有用金属含量低的渣。当供入的渣作为溢流大量直接地流出时,则必须阻止此溢流。停止从熔炼炉往电炉加渣,此后该电炉通过正常方式的还原、沉积和硫化,以分批操作炉的方式处理。以与正常的分批法相同的方式经下出渣口进行被清除的渣的最终排放。
按照另一种所谓的半连续操作法,在该炉的最高熔体液面之下,比如,以不大于最高熔体液面和正常出渣口间高度的1/2,更好是1/3的距离构成带有出渣槽口的上出渣口。开始时,该炉以与上述相同的方式运行,即通过以常规的方式将来自闪速熔炼炉或相当的熔炼炉的渣装入此电炉,开始填充全空的炉子,而同时封闭下出渣口。向渣表面供以一些还原剂,如焦炭。将该炉装至上出渣口,但此后,比如以等于正常炉子装料时间的20-50%的时期,连续不断地装渣。现在开始经此炉中的上出渣口溢流。经一段适当的溢流时间后,封闭上渣口,从而将渣面升至最高。在比正常处理时间短的处理时间后,首先经上出渣口开始放渣,这是因为表面层的渣是由已经处理过的还原渣构成的。一段适宜的时间,即正常的分批法所消耗的时间后,经下出渣口最终排渣。
从上述的作业方法可知,现已可能使分批法的电炉设备按半连续法运行,从而使该炉的能力大为提高。当应急生产时,本发明的方法特别有用,因为在有利的条件下,与常规的分批法相比,上述的实施方案甚至能够处理双倍量的渣。用所述的方法可适度地将新的电炉设备设计得比现有技术的炉子小。
Claims (9)
1.清除在非铁金属的冶金过程中形成的渣的方法,其特征在于,在电炉中清除此渣以半连续法进行。
2.权利要求1的方法,其特征为,用于除渣的电炉设备设有至少两个出渣口及其各自的出渣槽装置,而且它们位于不同的高度上。
3.权利要求1和2的方法,其特征为,该下出渣口位于与该渣的下表面相同的水平面上。
4.权利要求1和2的方法,其特征为,该上出渣口位于入料口的高度上。
5.权利要求1和2的方法,其特征为,该上出渣口位于从顶部测量时,不大于该入料口和该下渣口间的1/2高度的距离。
6.权利要求5的方法,其特征为,该上出渣口位于从顶部测量时,不大于该入料口和该下出渣口间的1/3高度的距离。
7.权利要求4的方法,其特征为,连续地用来自熔炼炉的渣充填该电炉,即使将该电炉填充至最高熔体水平时,仍持续一段相当于此炉正常充填期的20-50%的充填期,此后停止此充填,再以与分批法相同的方式处理此渣的料批。
8.权利要求5的方法,其特征为,用来自熔炼炉的渣持续充填此电炉,即使该电炉被充至该上渣口的水平面时,仍持续一段相当于此炉正常充填期的20-50%的充填期,此后停止此充填,封闭上出渣口,使渣表面升至最高熔体水平的水平后,再以与分批法相同的方式处理此渣的料批。
9.权利要求8的方法,其特征为,通过先打开上出渣口,而仅在此后才打开下出渣口将以与分批法相同的方式处理过的此渣从该炉中排出。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FI971550 | 1997-04-14 | ||
FI971550A FI103135B1 (fi) | 1997-04-14 | 1997-04-14 | Menetelmä kuonan puhdistamiseksi sähköuunissa |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1199853A true CN1199853A (zh) | 1998-11-25 |
CN1131984C CN1131984C (zh) | 2003-12-24 |
Family
ID=8548604
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN98106611A Expired - Fee Related CN1131984C (zh) | 1997-04-14 | 1998-04-13 | 在电炉中清除渣的方法 |
Country Status (17)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6096110A (zh) |
JP (1) | JPH10298671A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100359138B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1131984C (zh) |
AP (1) | AP1035A (zh) |
AR (1) | AR012414A1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU741553B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR9801033A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2234527A1 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE19816408A1 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2156486B1 (zh) |
FI (1) | FI103135B1 (zh) |
PE (1) | PE74099A1 (zh) |
PL (1) | PL189667B1 (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2209840C2 (zh) |
SE (1) | SE518741C2 (zh) |
ZA (1) | ZA982848B (zh) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103114170A (zh) * | 2012-12-06 | 2013-05-22 | 通裕重工股份有限公司 | 提高电弧炉收得率的冶炼工艺 |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2001049890A1 (en) * | 1998-12-30 | 2001-07-12 | Outokumpu Oyj | Method for the production of blister copper in suspension reactor |
FI126583B (fi) | 2014-03-31 | 2017-02-28 | Outotec Finland Oy | Menetelmä ja kantoaine pelkistimen kuten koksin kuljettamiseksi metallurgiseen uuniin ja kantoaineen tuotantomenetelmä |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US929142A (en) * | 1906-06-02 | 1909-07-27 | Story B Ladd | Method of treating slag. |
US3666440A (en) * | 1970-03-13 | 1972-05-30 | Mitsubishi Metal Mining Co Ltd | Method of recovering copper from slag |
US3857700A (en) * | 1973-03-05 | 1974-12-31 | Kennecott Copper Corp | Pyrometallurgical recovery of copper values from converter slags |
SE427047B (sv) * | 1976-06-17 | 1983-02-28 | Gnii Tsvetny | Forfarande och ugn for behandling av inom icke-jern-metallindustri erhallenslagg med kolhaltigt reduktionsmedel |
US4110107A (en) * | 1977-06-16 | 1978-08-29 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Interior | Process for reducing molten furnace slags by carbon injection |
US4214897A (en) * | 1978-01-13 | 1980-07-29 | Metallurgie Hoboken Overpelt | Process for the extraction of non-ferrous metals from slags and other metallurgical by-products |
DE2941225A1 (de) * | 1979-10-11 | 1981-04-23 | Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz AG, 5000 Köln | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur pyrometallurgischen gewinnung von kupfer |
FI71770C (fi) * | 1985-05-31 | 1987-02-09 | Outokumpu Oy | Reducering av smaelt metallurgiskt slagg kontinuerligt i en elektrisk ugn. |
NO171798C (no) * | 1990-12-06 | 1993-05-05 | Elkem Technology | Fremgangsmaate for behandling av sinkholdige biprodukter og avfallsmaterialer |
US5215571A (en) * | 1992-10-14 | 1993-06-01 | Inco Limited | Conversion of non-ferrous matte |
US5658368A (en) * | 1995-03-08 | 1997-08-19 | Inco Limited | Reduced dusting bath method for metallurgical treatment of sulfide materials |
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1997
- 1997-04-14 FI FI971550A patent/FI103135B1/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1998
- 1998-03-25 US US09/047,692 patent/US6096110A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-04-01 AU AU60589/98A patent/AU741553B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-04-03 ZA ZA98848A patent/ZA982848B/xx unknown
- 1998-04-06 PE PE00025998A patent/PE74099A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-04-06 SE SE9801200A patent/SE518741C2/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-04-09 DE DE1998116408 patent/DE19816408A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-04-09 PL PL98325762A patent/PL189667B1/pl not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-04-09 CA CA 2234527 patent/CA2234527A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-04-09 AP APAP/P/1998/001226A patent/AP1035A/en active
- 1998-04-13 KR KR1019980013086A patent/KR100359138B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-04-13 BR BR9801033A patent/BR9801033A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-04-13 RU RU98107004A patent/RU2209840C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-04-13 CN CN98106611A patent/CN1131984C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-04-14 AR ARP980101700 patent/AR012414A1/es active IP Right Grant
- 1998-04-14 ES ES9800788A patent/ES2156486B1/es not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-04-14 JP JP10248598A patent/JPH10298671A/ja not_active Abandoned
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103114170A (zh) * | 2012-12-06 | 2013-05-22 | 通裕重工股份有限公司 | 提高电弧炉收得率的冶炼工艺 |
CN103114170B (zh) * | 2012-12-06 | 2014-09-10 | 通裕重工股份有限公司 | 提高电弧炉收得率的冶炼工艺 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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AU6058998A (en) | 1998-10-15 |
PL189667B1 (pl) | 2005-09-30 |
AR012414A1 (es) | 2000-10-18 |
CN1131984C (zh) | 2003-12-24 |
ES2156486B1 (es) | 2002-02-01 |
SE9801200D0 (sv) | 1998-04-06 |
SE518741C2 (sv) | 2002-11-12 |
AU741553B2 (en) | 2001-12-06 |
FI103135B (fi) | 1999-04-30 |
US6096110A (en) | 2000-08-01 |
RU2209840C2 (ru) | 2003-08-10 |
PE74099A1 (es) | 1999-08-09 |
AP1035A (en) | 2002-01-02 |
CA2234527A1 (en) | 1998-10-14 |
SE9801200L (sv) | 1998-10-15 |
JPH10298671A (ja) | 1998-11-10 |
DE19816408A1 (de) | 1999-01-07 |
BR9801033A (pt) | 2001-03-20 |
AP9801226A0 (en) | 1998-06-30 |
ES2156486A1 (es) | 2001-06-16 |
FI971550A (fi) | 1998-10-15 |
KR100359138B1 (ko) | 2002-12-18 |
KR19980081354A (ko) | 1998-11-25 |
ZA982848B (en) | 1998-10-08 |
FI103135B1 (fi) | 1999-04-30 |
FI971550A0 (fi) | 1997-04-14 |
PL325762A1 (en) | 1998-10-26 |
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