CN1198298A

CN1198298A - Selective breeding method for ear covering free male-sterile line paddy rice

Info

Publication number: CN1198298A
Application number: CN 98102050
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨仁崔
Original assignee: Fujian Agricultural University
Current assignee: Fujian Agricultural University
Priority date: 1998-06-05
Filing date: 1998-06-05
Publication date: 1998-11-11
Anticipated expiration: 2018-06-05
Also published as: CN1094036C

Abstract

The invented method relates to a kind of breeding technology which utilizes the mutant recessive gene of long car stem to achieve the genetic elimination of covered ear (incomplete earing) of rice sterile line. By using the measures of mutation, etc., the maintenance line of cossing rice is directly mutated. After maintenance line of long ear stem is obtained, the sterile line is bred by transformation. Said sterile line features not ear covering (or basically not covering). The outcrossing characteristic obtains the fundamental improvement on heredity and heightens the property of high yield and stability of seed production. Besides there is no need of the gibberellin or very little dose is needed, the cost is lowered and the environmental pollution is decreased.

Description

The selection of ear covering free male-sterile line paddy rice

The invention belongs to the male sterile rice heterosis utilization field that utilizes.

No matter the male sterile line of paddy rice is the nucleo_cytoplasmic interaction male sterile line or the quick caryon sterile line of two-line hybrid rice light (temperature) of ternary hybrid rice, and it is short all to show the fringe neck, the characteristic that fringe can not be extracted out fully.This characteristic of male sterile line is the genetic disorder that improves the male sterile line outcrossing rate, improves seed production output.Alleviate the Bao Sui that eliminates male sterile line with part although the Chinese science men have invented the method that sprays gibberellin (920) for a long time, and crossbreeding output is brought up to higher level; But it is the target that breeding men are pursued that the Bao Sui of male sterile line is removed in heredity always, because higher technology of 920 application requirements and strict weather conditions, and it is not low to spray 920 cost, especially outside China, this medicament costliness, 920 heavy dose of application have improved production cost.

Early eighties, American scholar J.N.Rutger have been found a kind of recessive gene eui mutant of long fringe neck in the mutagenic progeny of japonica rice, he proposes eui gene introductive crossing rice and recovers system, may be able to realize the mechanization production of hybrid seeds of hybrid rice.Inventor herein Cui Yang Ren thinks that eui imports the Bao Sui that male sterile line is removed in the heredity of maintenance line possibility, thus the fundamental change (with the private communication of J.N.Rutger, nineteen eighty-two) that the guiding hybrid rice seed is produced.Afterwards, the Shen Zongtan professor of Zhejiang Agricultural Univ and professor Yang Rencui of Fujian Agricultural Univeristy introduce eui mutant seed from Rutger, and carried out hybridization, backcrossing imports the eui gene work of Chinese male sterile line, has bred substantially the not male sterile line of Bao Sui, but all fail on producing, to use.Main problem is: with hybridization, the method for backcrossing the eui gene is imported the long-grained nonglutinous rice maintenance line from japonica rice, because genetic recombination, the maintenance line of breeding is difficult to keep the long fringe neck degree of eui for the parent, is difficult to reach the comprehensive merit of maintenance line recurrent parent again.

Recent years, the Sun Lihua researcher of academy of agricultural sciences, Jiangsu also obtains the eui mutantion line of 02428 kind of japonica rice in group training offspring, and Fujian Agricultural Univeristy obtains the eui mutant again in long-grained nonglutinous rice three based material radiation offsprings.

The objective of the invention is to utilize the eui gene in the hybrid rice male sterile line, breed the not male sterile line of Bao Sui, in seed production, need not or use 920 hardly, save cost, and the different friendship level of male sterile line, seed production output and yield stability are brought up to a new height, and promote the application of hybrid rice outside China.

Content of the present invention is the selection of ear covering free male-sterile line paddy rice, it is characterized in that direct mutagenesis hybrid rice maintenance line obtains long fringe neck maintenance line, and the back becomes the not male sterile line of Bao Sui with male sterile line hybridization, backcross transformation; Rather than utilize and to have the eui gene of in japonica rice, having found now, the eui maintenance line of recombinating, back transformation becomes male sterile line by hybridization.This by the maintenance line of mutagenesis, comprise that existing what applied three is the maintenance line of system, but also comprise breeding man treat out the maintenance line in garden become with transformation male sterile line conventional variety, be; Also comprise the male sterile line in the two line method.This method of mutagenesis except physics, chemokines mutagenesis, also comprises the sudden change of spaceship-carried mutagenesis, tissue culture procedures and the selection of natural world spontaneous mutation.If from the existing maintenance line of breeding, obtain the recessive mutation of long fringe neck oligogene, can directly also only backcross and once can obtain the improvement male sterile line of stable not Bao Sui with this male sterile line hybridization.Directly light, the temp-sensing sterile line of mutagenesis two-line hybrid rice obtain the eui mutant at its mutagenesis segregative generation and have promptly obtained the not photosensitive and temperature-sensitive sterile line of Bao Sui.

Main feature of the present invention is: at first, do not backcross and shift the eui gene by hybridization, but directly from maintenance line (kind), obtain the eui sudden change, or directly mutagenesis two is the rice male sterile line, make the male sterile line of improvement from heredity, remove the comprehensive proterties that the bag fringe keeps former male sterile line again at all, reach the purpose of production application.Secondly, in case from maintenance line, obtain the eui mutant of maintenance line, can be with the male sterile line test cross of this maintenance line, its F ₁Backcross with maintenance line eui mutant again, at B ₁F ₁Will isolate in the colony and have the eui homozygous gene and do not wrap the sterile strain of fringe (being), and the eui mutant do not wrap the maintenance line of fringe male sterile line.Breeding cycle is 2～3 plantation seasons only.Simultaneously since the eui gene at F ₁Performance is recessive fully, therefore this hybrid rice F that does not wrap the assembly of fringe male sterile line institute ₁, with the F of original male sterile line institute assembly ₁Relatively, all there be not significant difference aspect plant type (plant height) and formation output factors and the output performance, therefore as to the existing hybrid rice combination of having promoted carry out the improvement that " eui " utilizes, can maybe can shorten eui hybrid combination pilot experiment and produce demonstration phase just entering production application.

Advantage of the present invention and effect, the change of guiding hybrid rice seed production and hybrid rice breeding technology, make the hybrid rice breeding in the whole nation increase production 2～3 one-tenth (0.75 ton of per hectare) i.e. male sterile line and hybrid rice seed of 11.25 ten thousand tons, be worth about 1,500,000,000 yuan with seed farm (about 150,000 hectares); Per hectare can be saved 750 yuan of costs using " 920 ", and totally 1.125 hundred million.This technology is used abroad, and economic benefit is more remarkable.

Embodiment one: with gamma-radiation 3.0 ten thousand Rad irradiation Zhenshan 97B dry seeds, at its M ₂Obtain the precious Shan 97eui-B of long fringe neck from generation to generation, make Zhenshan 97a/precious Shan 97eui-B and the Zhenshan 97a/precious Shan 97eui-B that backcrosses ₂, the B that is backcrossing ₁F ₁To isolate the precious Shan 97euiA of 25% not Bao Sui in the colony, these sterile strains do not separate, be A system, and precious Shan 97eui-B are B system, and recovering with the precious Shan 97euiA assembly of Bao Sui not is bright extensive 63 to obtain hybrid rice eui Shanyou 63.

Embodiment two: with gamma-radiation 3.0 ten thousand Rad irradiation Xian 121 strains morning (the male sterile line sterility is lost in the open country to be kept), obtain Xian 121-eui sudden change early; Lose precious Xian 97A/ Xian 121-euiBC early as the open country ₆, obtaining early, Xian 121euiA does not wrap the fringe male sterile line.Recover system with the extensive test cross of this male sterile line, screening, select the new hybrid rice combination of applying in the production.

Embodiment three: with gamma-radiation 3.0 ten thousand Rad irradiation two is that the rice male sterile line is trained short 64S dry seeds, at its M ₂Obtain from generation to generation the short 64S-eui mutant of training, breed this mutant the short 64S of training of Bao Sui not.The two-line hybrid rice that can use on producing with this male sterile line test cross seed selection makes up.

Claims

1, the selection of ear covering free male-sterile line paddy rice is characterized in that direct mutagenesis hybrid rice maintenance line obtains long fringe neck maintenance line, and the back becomes the not male sterile line of Bao Sui with male sterile line hybridization, backcross transformation; Rather than utilize and to have the eui gene of in japonica rice, having found now, the eui maintenance line of recombinating, back transformation becomes male sterile line by hybridization.

2, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that thisly by the maintenance line of mutagenesis, comprises that existing what applied three is the maintenance line of system, but also comprise breeding man treat out the maintenance line in garden become with transformation male sterile line conventional variety, be; Also comprise the male sterile line in the two line method.

3, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that this method of mutagenesis, except physics, chemokines mutagenesis, also comprises the sudden change of spaceship-carried mutagenesis, tissue culture procedures and the selection of natural world spontaneous mutation.

4, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, if obtain the recessive mutation of long fringe neck oligogene from the existing maintenance line of breeding, can directly also only backcross with this male sterile line hybridization and once can obtain the improvement male sterile line of stable not Bao Sui.

5, according to claim 1 and the described method of claim 2, it is characterized in that light, the temp-sensing sterile line of direct mutagenesis two-line hybrid rice, obtain the eui mutant at its mutagenesis segregative generation and promptly obtained the not photosensitive and temperature-sensitive sterile line of Bao Sui.

6, method according to claim 1, its feature is being with gamma-radiation 3.0 ten thousand Rad irradiation Zhenshan 97B dry seeds, at its M ₂Obtain the precious Shan 97eui-B of long fringe neck from generation to generation, make Zhenshan 97a/precious Shan 97eui-B and the Zhenshan 97a/precious Shan 97eui-B that backcrosses ₂, the B that is backcrossing ₁F ₁To isolate the precious Shan 97euiA of 25% not Bao Sui in the colony, these sterile strains do not separate, be A system, and precious Shan 97eui-B are B system, and recovering with the precious Shan 97euiA assembly of Bao Sui not is bright extensive 63 to obtain hybrid rice eui Shanyou 63.