CN1192173C - 用于摩擦片组联轴节的锥形螺栓连接 - Google Patents

用于摩擦片组联轴节的锥形螺栓连接 Download PDF

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CN1192173C
CN1192173C CNB001019627A CN00101962A CN1192173C CN 1192173 C CN1192173 C CN 1192173C CN B001019627 A CNB001019627 A CN B001019627A CN 00101962 A CN00101962 A CN 00101962A CN 1192173 C CN1192173 C CN 1192173C
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buckle
friction plate
flange
strain pin
strain
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CN1263215A (zh
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埃瓦尔德·瓦尔特维斯
斯特凡·乌伦
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Flanders Co. Ltd.
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/50—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive with the coupling parts connected by one or more intermediate members
    • F16D3/76—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive with the coupling parts connected by one or more intermediate members shaped as an elastic ring centered on the axis, surrounding a portion of one coupling part and surrounded by a sleeve of the other coupling part
    • F16D3/77—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive with the coupling parts connected by one or more intermediate members shaped as an elastic ring centered on the axis, surrounding a portion of one coupling part and surrounded by a sleeve of the other coupling part the ring being metallic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B19/00—Bolts without screw-thread; Pins, including deformable elements; Rivets
    • F16B19/04—Rivets; Spigots or the like fastened by riveting
    • F16B19/08—Hollow rivets; Multi-part rivets
    • F16B19/10—Hollow rivets; Multi-part rivets fastened by expanding mechanically
    • F16B19/1027—Multi-part rivets
    • F16B19/1036—Blind rivets
    • F16B19/1045—Blind rivets fastened by a pull - mandrel or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B7/00—Connections of rods or tubes, e.g. of non-circular section, mutually, including resilient connections
    • F16B7/10—Telescoping systems
    • F16B7/14—Telescoping systems locking in intermediate non-discrete positions
    • F16B7/1463—Telescoping systems locking in intermediate non-discrete positions with the expansion of an element inside the outer telescoping member due to the axial movement towards a wedge or a conical member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B7/00—Connections of rods or tubes, e.g. of non-circular section, mutually, including resilient connections
    • F16B7/10—Telescoping systems
    • F16B7/14—Telescoping systems locking in intermediate non-discrete positions
    • F16B7/149—Telescoping systems locking in intermediate non-discrete positions with a sleeve or ring having a tapered or conical surface
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/50—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive with the coupling parts connected by one or more intermediate members
    • F16D3/60—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive with the coupling parts connected by one or more intermediate members comprising pushing or pulling links attached to both parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/50—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive with the coupling parts connected by one or more intermediate members
    • F16D3/78—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive with the coupling parts connected by one or more intermediate members shaped as an elastic disc or flat ring, arranged perpendicular to the axis of the coupling parts, different sets of spots of the disc or ring being attached to each coupling part, e.g. Hardy couplings
    • F16D3/79—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive with the coupling parts connected by one or more intermediate members shaped as an elastic disc or flat ring, arranged perpendicular to the axis of the coupling parts, different sets of spots of the disc or ring being attached to each coupling part, e.g. Hardy couplings the disc or ring being metallic
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/10—Selectively engageable hub to shaft connection
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/70—Interfitted members
    • Y10T403/7047—Radially interposed shim or bushing
    • Y10T403/7051—Wedging or camming
    • Y10T403/7052—Engaged by axial movement
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/70—Interfitted members
    • Y10T403/7047—Radially interposed shim or bushing
    • Y10T403/7051—Wedging or camming
    • Y10T403/7052—Engaged by axial movement
    • Y10T403/7056—Threaded actuator
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/70—Interfitted members
    • Y10T403/7062—Clamped members
    • Y10T403/7064—Clamped members by wedge or cam
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/70—Interfitted members
    • Y10T403/7062—Clamped members
    • Y10T403/7064—Clamped members by wedge or cam
    • Y10T403/7066—Clamped members by wedge or cam having actuator
    • Y10T403/7067—Threaded actuator

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

一种用于摩擦片组联轴节的锥形螺栓连接，包括拉紧销(1)和第一拉紧套筒(3)、至少一个第二拉紧套筒(5)，在第二拉紧套筒上的摩擦片，拉紧销与第一拉紧套筒之间的配合是圆锥形，第一拉紧套筒与第二拉紧套筒之间的配合是圆柱形，还包括压紧元件(7)，拉紧销具有螺纹孔(8)，螺栓头部(10)支承在压紧元件上。为了用一个工具对摩擦片进行轴向和径向压紧，在拉紧销与第一拉紧套筒之间形成过盈配合或过渡配合(11)，使得通过螺栓的拉紧首先将摩擦片组的摩擦片轴向压紧，然后再将拉紧套筒(3，5)径向扩张。

Description

用于摩擦片组联轴节的锥形螺栓连接
本发明涉及一种用于摩擦片联轴节的锥形螺栓连接，包括拉紧销、设置在拉紧销上且具有凸缘的第一拉紧套筒、至少一个由第一拉紧套筒所支承且具有凸缘的第二拉紧套筒，在第二拉紧套筒上可以固定摩擦片组的摩擦片，在此拉紧销与第一拉紧套筒之间的配合是圆锥形构成的，而第一拉紧套筒与第二拉紧套筒之间的配合是圆柱形构成的，还包括将摩擦片组的摩擦片轴向压紧的压紧元件，在此拉紧销具有用于螺栓的螺纹孔，该螺栓头部支承在压紧元件上。
这种形式的锥形螺栓连接由DE 196 25 318 A1为公众所知。在此压紧元件由螺母所组成，该螺母旋紧在第一拉紧套筒一端所具有的外螺纹上并轴向压紧摩擦片组。该螺母在外侧具有卡槽，相应的工具可以卡嵌进槽里用于螺母旋紧。此外该螺母具有一个孔，通过这个孔导引可以旋进拉紧销螺纹孔里的螺栓，螺栓的头部支承在螺母上。当位于第二拉紧套筒与所配置的压紧环之间的摩擦片组的摩擦片通过旋紧螺母而被轴向压紧以后，设置在拉紧销上的螺栓通过其它工具而旋紧，由此使拉紧销拉紧第一拉紧套筒并使这个套筒以及第二拉紧套筒径向扩张，使得摩擦片组轮圈被径向压紧。这种锥形螺栓连接在实践中一般是经得住考验的。
本发明的任务在于，提供一种供使用的锥形螺栓连接，这种连接在对摩擦片进行轴向和径向压紧时使用同一工具就能够获得最佳的摩擦片组压紧。
这个任务对于上述形式的锥形螺栓连接这样来解决，在拉紧销与第一拉紧套筒之间形成这样的过盈配合或过渡配合，使得通过螺栓的拉紧首先将摩擦片组的摩擦片轴向压紧，然后再将拉紧套筒径向扩张。
按照本发明的锥形螺栓连接的特征在于，通过旋紧拉紧销螺纹孔内的螺栓首先将摩擦片轴向压紧，使摩擦片相互间紧密相靠，由此为摩擦片组的最佳压紧能够提供前提。然后通过采用同一工具的螺栓的继续拉紧拉紧销被拉进第一拉紧套筒，在此不仅第一拉紧套筒而且设置在其上的第二拉紧套筒都被径向扩张。因为在此不需要更换工具，因此可以同时实现简便地装配。
此外相对于由DE 196 25 318 A1所公知的锥形螺栓连接，按照本发明的锥形螺栓连接的特征在于较少的制造费用，因为在轴向压紧摩擦片的压紧元件上和第一拉紧套筒上不必再加工螺纹。压紧元件在按照本发明的锥形螺栓连接中可以通过配置在拉紧销上的螺栓轴向相对于第二拉紧套筒以及压紧环而压紧。
按照本发明的锥形螺栓连接的过盈配合以及过渡配合优选通过第一拉紧套筒嵌入孔上的圆柱形沉槽和拉紧销上的圆柱形凸缘而形成，在此圆柱形沉槽的内径稍稍小于拉紧销凸缘的外径。这种设计形式具有简单的结构并可以费用相对合理的制造。
此外，如果沉槽的深度基本上与拉紧销凸缘的宽度相等是具有优点的。在这种设计中拉紧套筒的最大径向扩张能够轻易地识别，因为在这种状态拉紧销的前端与第一拉紧套筒的前端平齐。因此通过这种前端相互位置的控制可以可靠地确定锥形螺栓连接的拉紧。
根据具有优点的设计结构，轴向拉紧摩擦片的拉紧元件可以具有一个基面和一个突出于基面的凸缘，凸缘支承在第二拉紧套筒的凸缘上或所配置的拉紧环上，第一拉紧套筒的端部包括径向缝隙。
根据具有优点的另一设计结构，第二拉紧套筒可以配置一个拉紧环，在此摩擦片组的摩擦片可以轴向固定在第二拉紧套筒的凸缘与所配置的拉紧环之间。
为了使按照本发明的锥形螺栓连接便于拆卸，如果拉紧销在螺纹孔对面的另一端具有另一螺纹孔是具有优点的。在此两个螺纹孔优选具有相同的尺寸。为了拆卸紧固在第一拉紧套筒里的拉紧销，可以将旋在螺纹孔里的螺栓与拉紧元件组合在一起旋进位于对面的螺纹孔，在此拉紧元件与螺栓一起作为拆卸件。
下面根据图示实施例来详细描述本发明。
图示中的唯一图形给出了按照本发明的锥形螺栓连接在装配状态下的纵向剖面图。摩擦片和如此构成的摩擦片组联轴节的连接法兰没有画出。
锥形螺栓连接具有拉紧销1和设置在其上的带有凸缘2的第一拉紧套筒3，在此拉紧销1与拉紧套筒3之间的配合是圆锥形构成的。拉紧套筒3具有圆柱形的外表面并被插进没有画出的联轴节的连接法兰上的孔里面，在此拉紧套筒3的凸缘2紧靠在法兰上。
在拉紧套筒3的圆柱形外表面上设置有第二拉紧套筒5和第三拉紧套筒17，它们处于在锥形螺栓连接上没有被拉紧的状态下，即只要第一拉紧套筒3还没有通过拉紧销1而扩张的时候，是可以轴向移动的。第二拉紧套筒5和第三拉紧套筒17同样分别具有凸缘4以及18。此外它们分别配置有拉紧环6以及19。没有画出的摩擦片以其孔形式适宜地在第二以及第三拉紧套筒5，17上滑动。在锥形螺栓连接没有拉紧的状态下摩擦片在第二以及第三拉紧套筒5，17的圆柱形外表面上具有轴向缝隙。
拉紧元件7紧靠在第二拉紧套筒5上，拉紧元件7具有孔20，在孔中插入拉紧螺栓10。拉紧螺纹9旋进成形于拉紧销1中轴上的螺纹孔8里面。螺纹9的头部10支承在拉紧元件7的基面14上，拉紧元件具有以径向间隙包围第一拉紧套筒3的凸缘15，通过此凸缘拉紧元件紧靠在第二拉紧套筒5上。通过螺纹9的拉紧使位于各拉紧套筒5，17的凸缘4，18与所配置的拉紧环6，19之间的摩擦片被压紧，在此第三拉紧套筒17的凸缘18支承在联轴节的连接法兰(未画出)上。
可以看出，在第一拉紧套筒3的嵌入孔上形成一个圆柱形沉槽12，在此拉紧销1具有圆柱形凸缘13，该凸缘容纳在沉槽12里面。圆柱形沉槽12的内径稍稍小于凸缘13的外径。因此按照本发明在第一拉紧套筒3与拉紧销1之间以这种方式形成过盈或过渡配合11，当拉紧螺栓9拉紧时首先轴向压紧摩擦片组的摩擦片，然后产生作用于直径方向的压力，通过这种压力使拉紧套筒3，5，17被径向扩张。通过这种径向压应力拉紧套筒3，5，17与摩擦片之间的所有误差都被补偿并且达到提高各螺栓点刚度的目的。
此外从图示中还可以看出，在第一拉紧套筒上圆柱形沉槽12的深度基本上与拉紧销1的凸缘13的宽度相等。当拉紧销1的前端与拉紧套筒3的前端平齐时，与此相应地实现了拉紧套筒3，5，17的最大径向扩张。因此锥形螺栓连接的拉紧程度可以根据前端的相互位置来控制。
拉紧销1在与螺纹孔8相对的另一端具有另一个螺纹孔16。两个螺纹孔8，16具有相同的螺纹直径并具有基本上相同的深度。第二螺纹孔16用于锥形螺栓连接的拆卸。为此卸下拉紧螺栓9并与拉紧元件7一起旋进位于对面的螺纹孔16。同时拉紧元件7的凸缘15支承在第一拉紧套筒3上。
本发明不仅仅局限于图示实施例。可以设想很多的不同变化和变型，本发明的这些变化或变型在经过一般改变的情况下就可以被应用。例如在第一拉紧套筒3上只设置一个配置有压紧环的拉紧套筒。

Claims (6)

1.用于摩擦片组联轴节的锥形螺栓连接结构，包括拉紧销(1)、设置在拉紧销上并具有凸缘(2)的第一拉紧套筒(3)、至少一个由第一拉紧套筒支承且具有凸缘(4)的第二拉紧套筒(5)，在第二拉紧套筒上可以固定摩擦片组的摩擦片，在此拉紧销(1)与第一拉紧套筒(3)之间的配合是圆锥形构成的，而第一拉紧套筒(3)与第二拉紧套筒(5)之间的配合是圆柱形构成的，还包括将摩擦片组的摩擦片轴向压紧的压紧元件(7)，在此拉紧销具有用于螺栓(9)的螺纹孔(8)，螺栓头部(10)支承在压紧元件(7)上，其特征为，在拉紧销与第一拉紧套筒之间形成这样的过盈配合或过渡配合(11)，使得通过螺栓的拉紧首先将摩擦片组的摩擦片轴向压紧，然后再将拉紧套筒(3，5)径向扩张。
2.如权利要求1的锥形螺栓连接结构，其特征为，过盈配合或过渡配合(11)通过第一拉紧套筒(3)的嵌入孔里的圆柱形沉槽(12)和拉紧销上的圆柱形凸缘(13)而构成，在此圆柱形沉槽(12)的内径稍稍小于拉紧销凸缘(13)的外径。
3.如权利要求2的锥形螺栓连接结构，其特征为，沉槽(12)的深度基本上与拉紧销凸缘(13)的宽度相等。
4.如权利要求2或3的锥形螺栓连接结构，其特征为，压紧元件(7)具有基面(14)和突出于基面的凸缘(15)，该凸缘支承在第二拉紧套筒的凸缘(4)上或配置在第二拉紧套筒上的压紧环(6)上，第一拉紧套筒(3)在与沉槽(12)相对的另一端包括径向缝隙。
5.如权利要求1或2的锥形螺栓连接结构，其特征为，第二拉紧套筒(5，17)配置有压紧环(6，19)，在此摩擦片组的摩擦片可以轴向固定在第二拉紧套筒(5，17)的凸缘(4，18)与所配置的压紧环(6，19)之间。
6.如权利要求1或2的锥形螺栓连接结构，其特征为，拉紧销在与螺纹孔(8)相对的另一端还具有一个螺纹孔(16)。
CNB001019627A 1999-02-08 2000-02-03 用于摩擦片组联轴节的锥形螺栓连接 Expired - Lifetime CN1192173C (zh)

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