CN1187760C - 导电性或静电散逸性涂层 - Google Patents

导电性或静电散逸性涂层 Download PDF

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CN1187760C
CN1187760C CN00804448.1A CN00804448A CN1187760C CN 1187760 C CN1187760 C CN 1187760C CN 00804448 A CN00804448 A CN 00804448A CN 1187760 C CN1187760 C CN 1187760C
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查尔斯·W·小普罗普斯特
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Abstract

本发明公开了适宜包装敏感电子元件的导电性或静电散逸性涂层、膜或层压结构中的薄层。通过在基础树脂中加入有效量的季铵化合物使其达到导电性或静电散逸性。

Description

导电性或静电散逸性涂层
                             技术领域
本发明涉及一种膜，特别是一种自持膜或层压结构中的薄层或者这种层压结构的涂层，它导电和/或具有静电散逸性能。这些材料尤其可用于包装可能因电子部件在运输、装卸或贮藏期间静电集结而受影响或破坏的电子元件。
                             背景技术
树脂材料，例如聚合材料，已知可用于形成涂层、自持膜、层压结构中的薄层和其上的涂层。
然而，聚合材料一般不导电，事实上，由于这些材料的不导电性，因此广泛地将这些材料用作绝缘体。
以前使聚合物具有导电性能的尝试包括，加入导电材料，特别是例如碳或类似材料，例如石墨，作为聚合材料的填料。含有例如碳的材料仅在以下情况下有效：导电材料具有一定量(以重量或体积计)并且在聚合材料中均匀分散，以便形成传输电能的连续路径。含有这样大量的材料以及均匀分散例如碳的材料的问题大大影响了所得组合材料的导电性能。由于其性质，即其固有的颜色，使用碳还使得以导电量加入的任意聚合材料主要为黑色。
因此，在包装业中需要在美学上比黑色塑料膜更令人喜爱的材料。
                           发明内容
为了使聚合材料具有导电性和静电散逸性，使主要由聚合材料组成的膜或涂层具有导电性或静电散逸性能，它特别用于以自持膜形式、作为层压结构中的薄层或者作为纸上或层压结构中的涂层来包装易受贮藏、运输和装卸过程中静电集结而破坏的电子元件和/或导电材料。这些具有导电性或静电散逸性能的聚合材料可用作包装材料，特别是包装电子元件。
本发明的一个目的是提供一种包含含有丙烯酸树脂的组合物的自持膜，所述的组合物含有以自持膜的重量计1-10％的季铵化合物，使得该自持膜具有静电散逸性和导电性。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种涂布有含有丙烯酸树脂的导电性聚合物组合物的纸层，所述的聚合物组合物含有以组合物的重量计1-10％的季铵化合物，并选择性地含有氧化锌和聚乙烯蜡，使得该纸层具有静电散逸性和导电性。
本发明还有一个目的是提供一种包装材料，其包括一个含有丙烯酸树脂的导电性聚合物组合物层，和选自纸、织物及无纺材料的至少一种材料，所述的聚合物组合物含有以组合物的重量计1-10％的季铵化合物，并选择性地含有氧化锌和聚乙烯蜡，使得该聚合物组合物具有静电散逸性和导电性。
                           具体实施方式
聚合材料，例如丙烯酸基聚合物，特别是含甲基丙烯酸甲酯的聚合物，由于其物理性能，特别是其光学透明性，因此能很好地形成涂层和膜。这些性能使这些材料理想地用作加工后的包装材料。然而，这些聚合材料不能导电或传输电能，并且通常认为是“绝缘体”，即不传导电流。
本发明公开了一种新型配方，它通过混合占聚合物材料重量的约1-约10％的能赋予表面电阻率(在12％相对湿度下通过ASTM D-257测定法测定)的材料使聚合材料具有导电性或静电散逸性能，从而使其具有低于1012Ω/sq的静电散逸性能和低于105Ω/sq的导电性能。适宜与该聚合材料混合的材料为季铵化合物。这些季铵化合物在醇溶剂/载体，优选异丙醇/乙醇混合物中，形成易于与聚合材料混合的液体物料。含有该季铵的液体优选含有占液体重量约41％的醇，最优选40％异丙醇和1％乙醇。季铵盐已知被用作软化剂，尤其是在洗衣配方中，或者施用于洗涤过的衣服干燥过程中的纸或泡沫物质上。然而，在本发明之前未知有使用这些物质作为膜、层压材料或涂层的组分。适宜的材料可从ACL Inc.，1960 E.Devon Avenue，Elkgrove Village，Illinois 60007以名称“STATICIDE 3000G”获得。这种材料可以外表为澄清黄色物质且具有好闻的气味的液体浓缩物形式商购获得，其蒸发速度大于水。销售的“STATICIDE 3000G”的比重为0.97，密度(g/ml)为0.97，20℃下的蒸汽压(mm)为36，蒸汽密度为2.1。挥发百分比(以体积计)约为40％，pH为7.1±1。
将含季铵的液体与聚合材料混合之后，然后可以将所得组合物形成自持膜或用作层压结构的薄层或作为纸或层压结构的涂层。当用于层压结构时，本发明的具有导电性或静电散逸性的材料应优选用作外层，即在该膜的一面或两面上。在该膜的两个外层之间，其它薄层可以包括金属化或非金属化表面和一个或多个塑料薄膜层、织物层、无纺材料层或纸层，它们各自用涂层涂布或非涂布。含季铵液体和其它组分的混合物可以形成膜，作为一涂层涂布或通过制备其它聚合膜、涂层和/或薄层的本领域已知的常规技术形成一薄层。
自持膜的典型要求是厚度为约0.5-约500毫英寸，拉伸强度(通过ASTMD-882测定法测定)为0-100磅/平方英寸，刺穿耐性(通过FTMS 101C法2065测定)为0-150磅，浑浊度(通过ASTM D-1003测定法测定)为澄清到不透明；光密度(通过McBeth测定法测定)为0-4.0％，透光率(通过ASTM D-1003测定法测定)为0-100％。制成包装的膜的缝合强度当通过ASTM D-882测定法测定时应可破坏。
通过以下实施例描述实施本发明的最佳实施方式：
实施例1(所有份数都以重量计)
            份数       组分
            27.0        H2O
            2.6         NH4OH 28°
            336.0       Joncryl 82*
            74.0        Joncryl 61**
            29.8        Jonwax 28***
            15.0        氧化锌溶液****
            120.0       H2O
            3.0-60.0    Staticide 3000G
*甲基丙烯酸甲酯水溶液，由S.C.Johnson & Sons，Inc.，U.S.SpecialtyChemicals，1525 Howe Street，Racine，Wisconsin销售
**甲基丙烯酸甲酯水溶液，由S.C.Johnson & Sons，Inc.，U.S.SpecialtyChemicals，1525 Howe Street，Racine，Wisconsin销售
***含约35％固体的聚乙烯蜡乳液，由S.C.Johnson & Sons，Inc.，U.S.SpecialtyChemicals，1525 Howe Street，Racine.Wisconsin销售
****实际上为氧化锌颗粒在水载体中的分散液
实施例2
          份数           组分
          400.0            Spectra-Guard 763*****
          110.0            H2O
          4.0-20.0         3000-G Staticide浓缩物
*****一种成膜材料，可从Spectra-Kote Corporation，Fourth Street and East WaterStreet，Gettysburg，Pennsylvania商购获得，并描述于US5,393,566和5,531,863中，将其全部内容加入本文作为参考。
实施例3
          份数            组分
          400.0            Spectra-Guard 763
          110.0            H2O
          4.0-20.0         3000-G Staticide浓缩物
          5.0-25.0         Joncryl 89******
******由S.C.Johnson & Sons，Inc.，U.S.Specialty Chemicals，1525 Howe Street，Racme，Wisconsin销售。
前面实施例说明了含量为组合物重量的约1-约10％的导电材料足够形成具有前述表面耐性的涂层、自持膜和/或层压结构中的薄层。
在变质测定之后包括通过FTMS 101C法3005测定的接触腐蚀性的化学性能未显示可见迹象；离子含量(Na+、F-、PO4 3-和SO4 2-离子)在可测定水平之下，不含胺和酰胺。
本领域技术人员很清楚，本发明人已提供了一种配方，它可以使主要以聚合材料为基础的涂层、膜或层压结构具有静电散逸性能和/或导电性，可以使该制品成为有美感的包装材料，特别是用于包装可能受贮藏、运输和/或装卸过程中静电破坏的电子部件。然而，很显然，本领域技术人员可以在不背离本发明精神和范围的情况下采用其它配方及其用途。

Claims (9)

1.一种包含含有丙烯酸树脂的组合物的自持膜，所述的组合物含有以组合物的重量计1-10％的季铵化合物，使得该自持膜具有静电散逸性和导电性。
2.权利要求1的自持膜，其中所述丙烯酸树脂为含甲基丙烯酸甲酯的聚合物。
3.权利要求1的自持膜，还含有氧化锌颗粒分散液。
4.权利要求1的自持膜，还含有聚乙烯蜡乳液。
5.一种涂布有含有丙烯酸树脂的导电性聚合物组合物的纸层，所述的聚合物组合物含有以组合物的重量计1-10％的季铵化合物，并选择性地含有氧化锌和聚乙烯蜡，使得该纸层具有静电散逸性和导电性。
6.权利要求5的纸层，其中所述丙烯酸树脂为含甲基丙烯酸甲酯的聚合物。
7.一种包装材料，其包括一个含有丙烯酸树脂的导电性聚合物组合物层，和选自纸、织物及无纺材料的至少一种材料，所述的聚合物组合物含有以组合物的重量计1-10％的季铵化合物，并选择性地含有氧化锌和聚乙烯蜡，使得该聚合物组合物具有静电散逸性和导电性。
8.权利要求7的包装材料，其中所述的至少一种材料还包括金属化表面。
9.权利要求7的包装材料，其中所述的至少一种材料是纸。
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CN1352798A (zh) 2002-06-05
IL145077A0 (en) 2002-06-30
NO20014186D0 (no) 2001-08-28
CA2365364C (en) 2009-10-13
PL350288A1 (en) 2002-12-02
CN1696192A (zh) 2005-11-16
EP1206779A1 (en) 2002-05-22
AU3391600A (en) 2000-09-21
CN100519648C (zh) 2009-07-29
BR0008572B1 (pt) 2009-08-11
MXPA01008753A (es) 2004-07-30
CA2365364A1 (en) 2000-09-08
IL145077A (en) 2006-08-01
EP1206779A4 (en) 2008-10-08
RU2199166C1 (ru) 2003-02-20
WO2000052709A1 (en) 2000-09-08
NO20014186L (no) 2001-10-19
BR0008572A (pt) 2002-01-22

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