CN118165050A - 关苍术中一种新的醇苷类化合物及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于医药技术领域,涉及从关苍术(Atractylodes japonica Koidz.ex Kitam.)的干燥根茎中提取分离得到一个具有体外抗肿瘤活性的醇苷类化合物,该发明工艺流程明确、操作方法简便、获得的目标物杂质少、纯度高;同时,体外抗肿瘤活性研究表明,该化合物具有抗肿瘤活性,包括对人结肠癌细胞HT‑29、人乳腺癌细胞MCF‑7及人宫颈癌细胞Hela均具有一定的抑制作用,可为抗肿瘤药物的开发提供原料,具有重要的实际应用价值。
Description
技术领域
本发明具体涉及一种具有肿瘤细胞抑制作用的关苍术醇苷类化合物。
背景技术
关苍术(Atractylodes japonica Koidz.ex Kitam.)为菊科苍术属草本植物,常生长于山坡草地、林下、灌丛及含腐殖质多的砂质壤土。其根茎肥大,结节状,以根茎入药应用历史悠久,历代医学著作如《本草正》、《本草通玄》、《医学启源》对其药用价值均有较高的评价。关苍术味辛;苦;性温,具有健脾燥湿、解郁辟秽、明目祛风等功效,主治湿盛困脾、食欲不振、呕吐泄泻、痰饮水肿、视物不清及夜盲等症状。关苍术含有倍半萜类、烯炔类、三萜类、黄酮类、木脂素类、甾醇类和多糖等多种成分类型,其中烯炔类、多糖和萜类占比较大,目前药理学研究发现苍术及其有效成分具有抗肿瘤、抗菌抗炎、抗骨质疏松、免疫调节等方面作用等。
关苍术主要分布在中国的黑龙江、吉林与辽宁等省,是东北地区的道地药材,野生资源丰富。因其在化学成分和功效方面与苍术相似,可作为苍术替代品,解决苍术日趋枯竭、产量锐减而导致临床用药价格昂贵、供不应求的实际问题,具有良好的开发前景。
发明内容
本发明的目的是在于提供一种新的醇苷类化合物,开发其医药用途以用于预防和治疗肿瘤疾病。
为了达到上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案实现的:
本发明公开了从关苍术中获得的一种醇苷类化合物,所述该醇苷类化合物的分子式为:C22H34O11,俗名为关苍术醇苷I(Atractylodes alcoholic glycoside I),其结构式如下:
。
本发明还提供了关苍术醇苷I的制备方法,以关苍术根茎为原料,经过系统溶剂萃取、正相硅胶、反相硅胶柱层析及制备型HPLC分离纯化处理获得,具体制备步骤如下:
(1)醇提:以关苍术干燥根茎为原料,适当粉碎,采用70%乙醇回流提取3次,过滤,合并3次滤液,减压回收溶剂,干燥后得浸膏状提取物;
(2)系统溶剂萃取:将步骤(1)所得浸膏状提取物用水分散为浓度适当溶液,经二氯甲烷和正丁醇依次萃取,收集正丁醇萃取部分,减压回收溶剂得正丁醇萃取物;
(3)正相硅胶柱层析:取步骤(2)所得正丁醇萃取物采用正相硅胶柱,依次采用体积比为10:1的二氯甲烷和甲醇混合溶液、体积比为3.5:1的二氯甲烷和甲醇混合溶液进行系统梯度洗脱,收集体积比为3.5:1的馏分液,减压回收溶剂得到正相硅胶馏分部位;
(4)反相硅胶柱层析:取步骤(3)制备的馏分部位,通过反相硅胶ODS柱色谱,依次以体积比为1:3的甲醇和水混合溶液、体积比为1:1的甲醇和水混合溶液进行洗脱,收集体积比为1:1的甲醇和水混合溶液洗脱部分,减压回收溶剂得到反相硅胶馏分部位;
(5)制备型HPLC分离纯化:将上述步骤(4)中所得反相硅胶Fr.2部位采用甲醇好溶解进入制备型HPLC,流动相为体积比为63:37的甲醇和水混合溶液,洗脱流速为1.5 mL/min,保留时间tR=21.3min~22.2min阶段内收集馏分后,回收干燥,即得到该化合物纯品。
本发明还提供了关苍术醇苷I在制备预防和治疗癌症药物方面的应用。优选为在制备预防和治疗人结肠癌细胞、人乳腺癌细胞及人宫颈癌细胞方面的应用。
本发明的有益效果和意义在于:本发明工艺流程明确、操作方法简便、获得的目标物杂质少、纯度高本,同时从关苍术根茎中寻找到这个具有抗肿瘤活性、新颖结构的醇苷类化合物,可广泛应用于药品、保健品等行业,具有较高的经济价值。
附图说明
图1为本发明化合物的化学结构图;
图2为本发明化合物的正性HR-ESI-MS谱图;
图3为本发明化合物的1H-NMR谱图;
图4为本发明化合物的13C-NMR谱图;
图5为本发明化合物的DEPT谱图;
图6为本发明化合物的HSQC谱图;
图7为本发明化合物的HMBC谱图;
图8本发明化合物的1H-1H COSY谱图。
具体实施方式
为了方便对本发明的进一步理解,下面提供的实施例对其做了更详细具体的说明。这些实施例仅供更好地理解发明而并非用于限定本发明的范围或实施原则。本领域技术人员在不违反本发明主旨及范围的情况下,可对本发明进行调整和改进,这些调整和改进也应视为在本发明的保护范围内,下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。
实施例
本发明化合物的制备方法:
(1)醇提:以关苍术干燥根茎10 kg为原料,适当粉碎成粗粉过1号筛,采用70%乙醇回流提取3次,第一次和第二次每次分别为2h,第三次为1h;药材重量与乙醇体积配比均为1:8,提取结束过滤,合并3次滤液,减压回收溶剂,干燥后得浸膏状提取物2.25 kg;
(2)系统溶剂萃取:将步骤(1)所得浸膏状提取物用水分散为1.45±0.05g/mL的溶液,再分别用与分散液等体积的二氯甲烷反复萃取10次,然后用与分散液等体积的正丁醇反复萃取8次,收集正丁醇萃取部分,减压回收溶剂得正丁醇萃取物;
(3)正相硅胶柱层析分离:取步骤(2)所得正丁醇萃取物进行正相硅胶柱色谱分离,先将萃取物回收溶剂后用甲醇溶解,再利用80~100目拌样硅胶与正丁醇萃取物质量比为2:1进行拌匀,随后挥干溶剂;选择200~300目的硅胶为柱层析硅胶,柱层析硅胶与正丁醇萃取物质量比为55:1~35:1,柱径高比为8:1。用体积比依次为10:1和3.5:1的二氯甲烷-甲醇混合溶剂进行梯度洗脱,其中体积比为10:1的比例洗脱6个柱体积,体积比为3.5:1的比例洗脱8个柱体积,将体积比为3.5:1的二氯甲烷-甲醇混合溶剂洗脱部分减压回收得到分离产物18.6 g;
(4)反相硅胶柱层析:取步骤(3)制备的馏分部位,通过填装反相硅胶ODS的中压色谱柱进行层析分离,其中选取色谱柱规格为内径70mm,长470mm,反相硅胶有效高度400mm,依次以体积比为1:3的甲醇和水混合溶液洗脱2.5个柱体积、体积比为1:1的甲醇和水混合溶液3.5个柱体积,收集体积比为1:1的甲醇和水混合溶液洗脱部分,经反相硅胶薄层色谱层析检识后相近者合并,依次得到Fr.1、F.2、Fr.3三部分;
(5)制备型HPLC分离纯化:将上述步骤(4)纯化后所得反相硅胶馏分Fr.2部位采用甲醇溶解进入制备型HPLC(Waters,515-2414,SunFireTM Prep C18,250 mm×10 mm i.d.,5μm)分离纯化。流动相为体积比为63:37的甲醇和水混合溶液,洗脱流速为1.5mL/min,保留时间tR=21.3min~22.2min阶段内收集馏分后,回收干燥,即得到该化合物纯品16.8mg。
实施例
制备得到的本发明化合物为白色粉末,Molish反应呈阳性,酸水解薄层检出D-葡萄糖和D-芹糖。在HR-ESI-MS中,m/z 497.1988处可见[M+Na]+离子峰,表明本发明化合物的分子量为474。结合1H-NMR、13C-NMR及DEPT谱等推测该化合物的分子式为C22H34O11,计算其不饱和度为6。
1H-NMR (600MHz, CD3OD)谱图中,δ7.39 (2H, d, J=8.4Hz)和7.41 (2H, d, J=8.4 Hz)处为一组苯环上的AA'BB'偶合系统质子信号;δ 1.51 (3H, s)显示2个甲基质子信号,δ 3.04 (3H, s)显示1个甲氧基信号,δ 4.66 (2H, d, J=12.0Hz)显示1个连氧亚甲基质子信号。此外,在δ 4.33 (1H, d, J = 7.8 Hz, H-1'),5.05 (1H, d, J = 3.0 Hz, H-1'')处出现2个糖端基质子信号,δ 3.24~4.01、δ 3.60~4.00区域分别归属为糖上其他质子信号,结合其数据特征及端基质子偶合常数初步判断其分别为β-D-葡萄糖苷和β-D-芹糖苷。
在13C-NMR (150 MHz, CD3OD) 谱及DEPT谱中,显示有22个碳信号,包括3个甲基,4个亚甲基,11 个次甲基和4个季碳。其中δ 146.4 (C-1)、126.8 (C-2)、129.3 (C-3)、137.7(C-4)、129.3 (C-5)、和126.8(C-6)为苯环上的碳信号;δ 103.2 (C-1')、75.1 (C-2')、78.0 (C-3')、71.8 (C-4')、77.0 (C-5')和68.7 (C-6') 为葡萄糖基的碳信号;δ 111.0(C-1'')、78.2 (C-2'')、80.6 (C-3'')、75.0 (C-4'')、65.5 (C-5'')为芹糖基的碳信号;在δ28.2及28.3处2个甲基的碳信号;在δ50.7.4处出现了一个甲氧基碳信号。
在HMBC谱中显示δ 4.33 (H-1')与C-10连氧碳(δ 71.5)相关、δ 5.05 (H-1'')与葡萄糖C-6'(δ 68.7)相关、δ 4.66 (H-10)与苯环上3、5(δ 129.3)、4位(δ 137.7)及葡萄糖端基碳(δ 103.2)均相关,说明芹糖与葡萄糖1→6连接,葡萄糖的端基与苷元10位连接,且10位是苯环苄基位。1H-1H COSY谱中同时显示两个糖分子上相关信号。
综合1D,2D-NMR图谱解析,确定该化合物结构如图1所示,NMR主要数据如表1所示,SciFinder数据库检索确定本发明化合物为新化合物,命名为关苍术醇苷I(Atractylodesalcoholic glycoside I)。
实施例
采用MTT法对实施例1中制备得到的关苍术醇苷I进行了体外肿瘤细胞抑制筛选试验,结果表明本发明化合物对人结肠癌HT-29、人乳腺癌MCF-7及人宫颈癌Hela细胞具有较好的抑制效果,上述人结肠癌细胞HT-29、人乳腺癌细胞MCF-7及人宫颈癌细胞Hela,均购自赛尔试剂公司。
具体方法如下:各肿瘤细胞培养于RPMI 1640培养液中(另含有100 μg/mL盘尼西林,100 μg/mL链霉素),取对数生长期且状态良好的细胞,加入0.25%胰蛋白酶消化,在96孔培养板上接种,每孔104个细胞密度,100μL/孔。接种好后,将上述肿瘤细胞置于含10%胎牛血清的RPMI 1640培养于37℃,5%CO2培养箱内,培养24h后给药,作用48h,药物浓度设为5、10、20、40、80、160μM,每组设3个复孔,另设空白孔和对照孔,空白孔未接种细胞,对照孔为不含药物的培养液,顺铂最为阳性药物组。药物作用48 h后,加入5 mg/mL的MTT 20 μL/孔,继续培养4h后离心,吸弃96孔内的培养上清液,再加入DMSO 150 μL/孔,置摇床上低温振荡10 min,使结晶物完全充分溶解。用酶联免疫检测仪在波长570 nm波长处测定每孔的吸光值(OD值),记录结果并按下面公式计算受试药物对肿瘤细胞生长抑制率:细胞抑制率%=[1-(实验组A-空白组A)/(对照组A-空白组A)]×100%。数据使用SPSS软件分析系统进行处理。结果如下表2所示:
(2)结果:经线性回归计算IC50值显示本发明从关苍术根茎中制备化合物关苍术醇苷I对人结肠癌HT-29细胞、人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞及人宫颈癌Hela细胞作用IC50值分别为43.15±2.21 μmol/L、52.11±1.94μmol/L和66.21±1.51 μmol/L,顺铂作为阳性对照药对人结肠癌HT-29细胞、人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞及人宫颈癌Hela细胞作用IC50值分别为9.12±0.97 μmol/L、10.99±1.11和10.32±1.69 μmol/L。结果表明关苍术醇苷I对人结肠癌HT-29细胞、人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞及人宫颈癌Hela细胞的生长均有较好的抑制作用,具有开发成为临床肿瘤预防和治疗药物的应用前景。
Claims (3)
1.一种从关苍术根茎中分离得到的一种醇苷类化合物,其特征在于,所述化合物的分子式为C22H34O11,命名为关苍术醇苷I(Atractylodes alcoholic glycoside I),其结构式如下:
。
2.权利要求1所述化合物的制备方法,其特征在于:所述关苍术醇苷I以关苍术根茎为原料,经过系统溶剂萃取、正相硅胶、反相硅胶柱层析及制备型HPLC分离纯化处理获得,具体制备步骤如下:
(1)醇提:以关苍术干燥根茎为原料,适当粉碎,采用70%乙醇回流提取3次,过滤,合并3次滤液,减压回收溶剂,干燥后得浸膏状提取物;
(2)系统溶剂萃取:将步骤(1)所得浸膏状提取物用水分散为浓度适当溶液,经二氯甲烷和正丁醇依次萃取,收集正丁醇萃取部分,减压回收溶剂得正丁醇萃取物;
(3)正相硅胶柱层析:取步骤(2)所得正丁醇萃取物采用正相硅胶柱,依次采用体积比为10:1的二氯甲烷和甲醇混合溶液、体积比为3.5:1的二氯甲烷和甲醇混合溶液进行系统梯度洗脱,收集体积比为3.5:1的馏分液,减压回收溶剂得到正相硅胶馏分部位;
(4)反相硅胶柱层析:取步骤(3)制备的馏分部位,通过反相硅胶ODS柱色谱,依次以体积比为1:3的甲醇和水混合溶液、体积比为1:1的甲醇和水混合溶液进行洗脱,收集体积比为1:1的甲醇和水混合溶液洗脱部分,减压回收溶剂得到反相硅胶馏分部位;
(5)制备型HPLC分离纯化:将上述步骤(4)中所得反相硅胶馏分部位采用甲醇溶解进入制备型HPLC,流动相为体积比为63:37的甲醇和水混合溶液,洗脱流速为1.5 mL/min,保留时间tR=21.3min~22.2min阶段内收集馏分后,回收干燥,即得到该化合物纯品。
3.权利要求1所述化合物关苍术醇苷I在制备预防和治疗肿瘤药物方面的应用,其中所述肿瘤为人结肠癌细胞、人乳腺癌细胞及人宫颈癌细胞方面的应用。
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