CN118044459A - Water planting rapid propagation method for mixed-sowing pasture - Google Patents
Water planting rapid propagation method for mixed-sowing pasture Download PDFInfo
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- CN118044459A CN118044459A CN202410453939.7A CN202410453939A CN118044459A CN 118044459 A CN118044459 A CN 118044459A CN 202410453939 A CN202410453939 A CN 202410453939A CN 118044459 A CN118044459 A CN 118044459A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 241000209082 Lolium Species 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 235000007340 Hordeum vulgare Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 244000105017 Vicia sativa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 241000209219 Hordeum Species 0.000 claims abstract 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorous acid Chemical compound ClO QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 244000100545 Lolium multiflorum Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 57
- 240000005979 Hordeum vulgare Species 0.000 description 49
- 235000007542 Cichorium intybus Nutrition 0.000 description 16
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 13
- 241000723343 Cichorium Species 0.000 description 13
- 241000219873 Vicia Species 0.000 description 7
- 240000004296 Lolium perenne Species 0.000 description 5
- 244000298479 Cichorium intybus Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000223602 Alternaria alternata Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000219318 Amaranthus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001668554 Elymus lanceolatus Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010021033 Hypomenorrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000511730 Leymus chinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000004658 Medicago sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000017587 Medicago sativa ssp. sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000212324 Oenanthe <angiosperm> Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001668545 Pascopyrum Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000200882 Setaria barbata Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000001561 Setaria barbata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000138286 Sorghum saccharatum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011684 Sorghum saccharatum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000001417 Vigna umbellata Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011453 Vigna umbellata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a water planting rapid propagation method for mixed-seeding pasture, which comprises the following steps: 1. seed soaking; 2. seed disinfection; 3. cleaning a seedling tray; 4. and (3) dishing: sowing the pasture seeds after the sterilization in the step 2 on the seedling tray treated in the step 3, so that the pasture seeds are smooth and tightly connected; the mixed sowing pasture seeds are barley: ryegrass = 2:1 or common vetch: ryegrass = 2:1; 5. carrying out dark germination acceleration; 6. performing water planting, and performing light supplementing during the water planting period; the light supplement is red light: blue light: white light = 3:1:1, a step of; 7. daily management; 8. pollution control; 9. fertilizing; the height of the seedlings can reach 14-20cm after 7-10 days of growth, and the height can be usually reached after about 15 days for harvesting when the ryegrass, the common vetch, the barley and the ryegrass are cultivated in the prior art, and the technology can be used for harvesting in advance of 5-8 days, thereby greatly saving the cultivation time and the cost and enabling livestock to obtain the required pasture in a short time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pasture planting, and particularly relates to a water planting and rapid propagation method for mixed sowing pasture.
Background
Grass refers to grass or other herbaceous plants for feeding livestock, the main purpose of the grass is to feed livestock, the variety of grass is very large, such as big plant grass of sweet sorghum, alfalfa, corn grass, red bean grass, wheatgrass and the like, and the grass can be harvested after being planted for 2 to 6 months.
Along with the development of animal husbandry, the demand of pasture is also increasing, and the period required for planting pasture is too long, so that when the pasture is required to be supplied by livestock, the pasture cannot be provided timely, or the quantity of the pasture is insufficient, so that the conditions of lack of the pasture in winter, loss of fat in winter, death in winter and the like of the livestock are caused, and therefore, a water culture rapid propagation method for mixed pasture is needed to plant pasture rapidly.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a water planting and rapid propagation method for mixed-seeding pasture, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, seed soaking: soaking the mixed pasture seeds in water for 6-10h;
Step 2, seed disinfection: soaking the mixed sowing pasture seeds after seed soaking in hypochlorous acid solution for 6-10min, and fishing out for standby;
Step 3, cleaning seedling trays: cleaning the seedling tray with clear water, soaking and washing with hypochlorous acid solution for 4-6 min, cleaning with clear water, and drying in the shade or air drying;
step 4, dishing: sowing the pasture seeds after the sterilization in the step 2 on the seedling trays treated in the step 3, so that the pasture seeds are smooth and tightly connected;
the mixed sowing pasture seeds are any one of ryegrass and common vetch mixed seeds and barley and ryegrass mixed seeds;
In the mixed seeds of the barley and the ryegrass, the weight ratio of the barley to the ryegrass is barley ryegrass=2:1;
In the hybrid seed of ryegrass and common vetch, the weight ratio of ryegrass to common vetch is common vetch, ryegrass=2:1;
step 5, darkening germination: placing the pasture seeds in the mixed sowing manner in the step 4 in a dark environment with the temperature of 25-30 ℃ and the humidity of 70-90% for accelerating germination for 2-3 days until the pasture seeds in the mixed sowing manner are exposed to white, and completing the dark accelerating germination;
The seeds of ryegrass, common vetch and barley should be selected to meet the quality of seeds with more than two stages (including two stages) specified in GB 6142.
Step 6, water planting: placing the mixed sowing pasture seeds with the end of the germination acceleration in the conditions of 70-80% of humidity and 20-24 ℃ for water planting, and supplementing light during the water planting;
the light supplementing time is 14-18h/d, the light supplementing is red light, blue light and white light, and the light quantum flux density ratio of the red light, the blue light and the white light is red light to blue light to white light=3:1:1;
step 7, daily management: ventilation is carried out once in the morning and afternoon each time for 1h each time; spraying water once in the morning and afternoon each day;
Step 8, pollution control: spraying hypochlorous acid solution and/or ultraviolet lamp for sterilization, preventing and treating bacterial injury, and stopping spraying hypochlorous acid solution 3 days before harvesting; ultraviolet disinfection is carried out by ultraviolet lamp every 2 days, each time is more than or equal to 30min;
step 9, fertilizing: applying carbon dioxide gas fertilizer;
Step 10, harvesting: harvesting after the seedlings grow for 7-10 days until the heights reach 14-20 cm;
when the ryegrass, the common vetch, the barley and the ryegrass are cultivated in the prior art, if no plant growth nutrient solution is added, the plant growth nutrient solution can grow to the height within about 15 days, and the grass can be harvested 5-8 days in advance by adopting the technology of the invention, thereby greatly saving the cultivation time and the cost and enabling livestock to obtain the required pasture in a short time.
Preferably, in the step 1, the water temperature for soaking the pasture seeds is 12-16 ℃, and water is changed every 2 hours; in the step 4, the ryegrass is annual ryegrass.
Preferably, in the step 4, the dimensions of the seedling trays are 590mm×390mm×55mm, and each seedling tray contains 0.4-0.6kg of soaked mixed-seeding pasture seeds.
Preferably, in the process of the dark germination in the step 5, ventilation is carried out once every day in the morning and afternoon, and the ventilation time is 9:00-10:00 in the morning and 15:00-16:00 in the afternoon; the water is sprayed once in the morning and afternoon each day, and the water spraying quantity is suitable for enabling the spraying seedling tray to be soaked and the bottom of the spraying seedling tray is free of accumulated water.
Preferably, in the step 7, the ventilation time is 9:00-10:00 am and 15:00-16:00 pm each day; the spraying water quantity is suitable for the spraying seedling tray to be soaked and the bottom of the spraying seedling tray is free of water accumulation.
Preferably, in the step 6, the light is supplemented by an LED plant light supplementing lamp, and the distance between the LED plant light supplementing lamp and the seedling tray is 35-45cm.
Preferably, in the step 9, the fertilizing amount is 200g of carbon dioxide gas fertilizer applied every 5-10 days.
Preferably, the concentration of the hypochlorous acid solution is 100-140mg/L, and the pH value is 6.0-6.8.
Preferably, the ultraviolet lamp has a power of 20W and an intensity of 75-80uW/cm 2.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. The invention provides the technical requirements of mixed sowing pasture seeds such as cleaning, seed soaking, dishing, dark germination accelerating treatment, rapid growth environment regulation, harvesting and the like, and selects out proper mixed sowing pasture seeds, specifically any one of ryegrass and common vetch mixed seeds and barley and ryegrass mixed seeds; in the mixed seeds of the barley and the ryegrass, the weight ratio of the barley to the ryegrass is barley ryegrass=2:1; in the hybrid seed of ryegrass and common vetch, the weight ratio of ryegrass to common vetch is common vetch:ryegrass=2:1.
2. According to the invention, cultivation conditions such as temperature, humidity, illumination control and the like suitable for mixed sowing pasture seeds such as ryegrass and common vetch mixed seeds, barley and common vetch mixed seeds and the like are screened out, the growth speed of ryegrass and common vetch mixed seeds, barley and common vetch mixed seeds is improved by using a light supplementing technical means, the growth time is reduced, the specific light supplementing is red light, blue light and white light, and the light quantum flux density ratio of the red light, the blue light and the white light is red light to white light=3:1:1; under the control of the production method, the pasture seeds are planted in a mixed mode to grow quickly, and the pasture seeds can grow for 14-20cm in 7-10 days and can be harvested.
3. The invention adopts a water planting mode, does not adopt soil and matrix, performs three-dimensional planting, and saves land resources.
4. The LED plant light supplementing lamp is light, small in size, environment-friendly, low in manufacturing cost, capable of being used for supplementing light, capable of being used for being close to plant irradiation, less in radiation, pure in light quality, less in disordered light waves, capable of accurately adjusting light intensity, light quality, light period and the like, and convenient to operate.
5. According to the technical scheme, no plant growth nutrient solution is added, and the pasture plants reach the growth height of 14-20cm within 7-10 days finally only through the collocation of light supplementing, carbon dioxide gas fertilizer and mixed sowing of pasture seeds, so that the pasture plants are harvested quickly in advance of the prior art by 5-8 days.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the growth of barley and ryegrass according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows the growth of vetch and ryegrass according to example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows the growth of barley and ryegrass according to example 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows the growth of barley and chicory of comparative example 1 according to the invention;
FIG. 5 shows the growth of vetch and chicory according to comparative example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 shows the growth of barley, vetch, of comparative example 3 according to the invention;
FIG. 7 shows growth of ryegrass and chicory according to comparative example 4 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 shows the growth of the herba Oenanthes Javanicae and Cichorium intybus of comparative example 5;
FIG. 9 shows the growth of barley and ryegrass according to comparative example 6 of the present invention;
FIG. 10 shows the growth of barley and ryegrass according to comparative example 7 of the invention;
FIG. 11 shows the growth of vetch and ryegrass according to comparative example 8 of the present invention;
FIG. 12 shows the growth of vetch and ryegrass according to comparative example 9 of the present invention;
FIG. 13 shows the growth of barley and ryegrass in comparative example 10 according to the invention;
FIG. 14 shows the growth of barley and ryegrass in comparative example 11 according to the invention;
FIG. 15 shows the growth of barley and ryegrass in comparative example 12 according to the invention;
FIG. 16 shows the growth of barley and ryegrass according to comparative example 13 of the invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A water planting rapid propagation method for mixed-seeding pasture comprises the following steps:
Step 1, seed soaking: soaking mixed-sowing pasture seeds in water for 6 hours;
step2, seed disinfection: soaking the mixed sowing pasture seeds after seed soaking in hypochlorous acid solution for 6min, and fishing out for standby;
Step 3, cleaning seedling trays: cleaning the seedling tray with clear water, soaking and washing for 4 minutes with hypochlorous acid solution, cleaning with clear water, and drying in the shade or airing;
step 4, dishing: sowing the pasture seeds after the sterilization in the step 2 on the seedling trays treated in the step 3, so that the pasture seeds are smooth and tightly connected;
the mixed sowing pasture seeds are mixed seeds of barley and ryegrass;
In the mixed seeds of the barley and the ryegrass, the weight ratio of the barley to the ryegrass is barley ryegrass=2:1;
Step 5, darkening germination: placing the pasture seeds coiled in the step4 in a dark environment with the temperature of 25 ℃ and the humidity of 70% for accelerating germination for 2 days until the pasture seeds are exposed to white, and completing the accelerating germination;
Step 6, water planting: placing the mixed sowing pasture seeds subjected to the germination accelerating in a condition that the humidity is 70% and the temperature is 20 ℃ for water planting, and supplementing light during the water planting period;
The light supplementing time is 14h/d, the light supplementing is red light, blue light and white light, and the light quantum flux density ratio of the red light, the blue light and the white light is red light to blue light to white light=3:1:1;
step 7, daily management: ventilation is carried out once in the morning and afternoon each time for 1h each time; spraying water once in the morning and afternoon each day;
step 8, pollution control: sterilizing by spraying hypochlorous acid solution, preventing and treating bacterial injury, and stopping spraying hypochlorous acid solution 3 days before harvesting;
step 9, fertilizing: applying carbon dioxide gas fertilizer;
Step 10, harvesting: and (5) harvesting after the growth height of the seedlings reaches 15 cm.
Further, the water temperature for soaking the pasture seeds is 12 ℃, and water is changed every 2 hours; in the step 4, the ryegrass is annual ryegrass.
Further, in the step 4, the dimensions of the seedling trays are 590mm×390mm×55mm, and each seedling tray contains 0.4kg of soaked mixed-seeding pasture seeds.
Further, in the process of the dark germination in the step 5, ventilation is carried out once every day in the morning and afternoon, and the ventilation time is 9:00-10:00 in the morning and 15:00-16:00 in the afternoon; the water is sprayed once in the morning and afternoon each day, and the water spraying quantity is suitable for enabling the spraying seedling tray to be soaked and the bottom of the spraying seedling tray is free of accumulated water.
Further, in the step 7, the ventilation time is 9:00-10:00 am and 15:00-16:00 pm each day; the spraying water quantity is suitable for the spraying seedling tray to be soaked and the bottom of the spraying seedling tray is free of water accumulation.
Further, in the step 6, the LED plant light supplementing lamp is adopted for supplementing light, and the distance between the LED plant light supplementing lamp and the seedling tray is 35cm.
Further, in the step 9, the fertilizing amount is 200g of carbon dioxide gas fertilizer applied every 5 days.
Further, the concentration of the hypochlorous acid solution is 100mg/L, and the pH value is 6.0.
Further, the power of the ultraviolet lamp is 20W, and the intensity of the ultraviolet ray is 75uW/cm 2.
Example 2
A water planting rapid propagation method for mixed-seeding pasture comprises the following steps:
Step 1, seed soaking: soaking mixed-sowing pasture seeds in water for 10 hours;
Step 2, seed disinfection: soaking the mixed sowing pasture seeds after seed soaking in hypochlorous acid solution for 10min, and fishing out for standby;
Step 3, cleaning seedling trays: cleaning the seedling tray with clear water, soaking and washing for 6 minutes with hypochlorous acid solution, cleaning with clear water, and drying in the shade or airing;
step 4, dishing: sowing the pasture seeds after the sterilization in the step 2 on the seedling trays treated in the step 3, so that the pasture seeds are smooth and tightly connected;
The mixed sowing pasture seeds are mixed seeds of ryegrass and common vetch;
In the hybrid seed of ryegrass and common vetch, the weight ratio of ryegrass to common vetch is common vetch, ryegrass=2:1;
step 5, darkening germination: placing the pasture seeds coiled in the step 4 in a dark environment with the temperature of 30 ℃ and the humidity of 90% for accelerating germination for 2-3 days until the pasture seeds are exposed to white and the dark accelerating germination is completed;
Step 6, water planting: placing the mixed sowing pasture seeds subjected to the germination accelerating in a condition that the humidity is 80% and the temperature is 24 ℃ for water planting, and supplementing light during the water planting period;
the light supplementing time is 18h/d, the light supplementing is red light, blue light and white light, and the light quantum flux density ratio of the red light, the blue light and the white light is red light to blue light to white light=3:1:1;
step 7, daily management: ventilation is carried out once in the morning and afternoon each time for 1h each time; spraying water once in the morning and afternoon each day;
Step 8, pollution control: ultraviolet lamp is adopted for disinfection, and bacterial injury is prevented and treated: ultraviolet light sterilization is carried out by ultraviolet lamps every 2 days for 40min each time;
step 9, fertilizing: applying carbon dioxide gas fertilizer;
step 10, harvesting: and harvesting after the growth height of the seedlings reaches 20 cm.
Further, in the step 1, the water temperature for soaking the pasture seeds is 16 ℃, and water is changed every 2 hours; in the step 4, the ryegrass is annual ryegrass.
Further, in the step 4, the dimensions of the seedling trays are 590mm×390mm×55mm, and each seedling tray contains 0.6kg of soaked mixed-seeding pasture seeds.
Further, in the process of the dark germination in the step 5, ventilation is carried out once every day in the morning and afternoon, and the ventilation time is 9:00-10:00 in the morning and 15:00-16:00 in the afternoon; the water is sprayed once in the morning and afternoon each day, and the water spraying quantity is suitable for enabling the spraying seedling tray to be soaked and the bottom of the spraying seedling tray is free of accumulated water.
Further, in the step 7, the ventilation time is 9:00-10:00 am and 15:00-16:00 pm each day; the spraying water quantity is suitable for the spraying seedling tray to be soaked and the bottom of the spraying seedling tray is free of water accumulation.
Further, in the step 6, the LED plant light supplementing lamp is adopted for supplementing light, and the distance between the LED plant light supplementing lamp and the seedling tray is 45cm.
Further, in the step 9, the fertilizing amount is 200g of carbon dioxide gas fertilizer applied every 7 days.
Further, the hypochlorous acid concentration is 140mg/L, and the pH value is 6.8.
Further, the power of the ultraviolet lamp is 20W, and the intensity of the ultraviolet ray is 80uW/cm 2.
Example 3
A water planting rapid propagation method for mixed-seeding pasture comprises the following steps:
Step 1, seed soaking: soaking mixed-sowing pasture seeds in water for 8 hours;
step2, seed disinfection: soaking the mixed sowing pasture seeds after seed soaking in hypochlorous acid solution for 8min, and fishing out for standby;
step 3, cleaning seedling trays: cleaning the seedling tray with clear water, soaking and washing for 5 minutes with hypochlorous acid solution, cleaning with clear water, and drying in the shade or airing;
step 4, dishing: sowing the pasture seeds after the sterilization in the step 2 on the seedling trays treated in the step 3, so that the pasture seeds are smooth and tightly connected;
the mixed sowing pasture seeds are mixed seeds of barley and ryegrass;
In the mixed seeds of the barley and the ryegrass, the weight ratio of the barley to the ryegrass is barley ryegrass=2:1;
Step 5, darkening germination: placing the pasture seeds coiled in the step 4 in a dark environment with the temperature of 28 ℃ and the humidity of 80% for accelerating germination for 2.5 days until the pasture seeds are exposed to white and the dark accelerating germination is completed;
Step 6, water planting: placing the mixed sowing pasture seeds subjected to the germination accelerating in a condition of 75% of humidity and 22 ℃ for water planting, and supplementing light during the water planting period;
The light supplementing time is 16h/d, the light supplementing is red light, blue light and white light, and the light quantum flux density ratio of the red light, the blue light and the white light is red light to blue light to white light=3:1:1;
step 7, daily management: ventilation is carried out once in the morning and afternoon each time for 1h each time; spraying water once in the morning and afternoon each day;
Step 8, pollution control: sterilizing by spraying hypochlorous acid solution and ultraviolet lamp, preventing and treating bacterial injury, and stopping spraying hypochlorous acid solution 3 days before harvesting; ultraviolet light sterilization is carried out by ultraviolet lamp every 2 days for 30min each time;
step 9, fertilizing: applying carbon dioxide gas fertilizer;
step 10, harvesting: and harvesting after the growth height of the seedlings reaches 18 cm.
Further, in the step 1, the water temperature for soaking the pasture seeds is 14 ℃, and water is changed every 2 hours; in the step 4, the ryegrass is annual ryegrass.
Further, in the step 4, the dimensions of the seedling trays are 590mm×390mm×55mm, and each seedling tray contains 0.5kg of soaked mixed-seeding pasture seeds.
Further, in the process of the dark germination in the step 5, ventilation is carried out once every day in the morning and afternoon, and the ventilation time is 9:00-10:00 in the morning and 15:00-16:00 in the afternoon; the water is sprayed once in the morning and afternoon each day, and the water spraying quantity is suitable for enabling the spraying seedling tray to be soaked and the bottom of the spraying seedling tray is free of accumulated water.
Further, in the step 7, the ventilation time is 9:00-10:00 am and 15:00-16:00 pm each day; the spraying water quantity is suitable for the spraying seedling tray to be soaked and the bottom of the spraying seedling tray is free of water accumulation.
Further, in the step 6, the LED plant light supplementing lamp is adopted for supplementing light, and the distance between the LED plant light supplementing lamp and the seedling tray is 40cm.
Further, in the step 9, the fertilizing amount is 200g of carbon dioxide gas fertilizer applied every 7 days.
Further, the hypochlorous acid concentration is 120mg/L, and the pH value is 6.5.
Further, the power of the ultraviolet lamp is 20W, and the intensity of the ultraviolet ray is 78uW/cm 2.
Comparative example 1
The mixed sowing pasture seeds adopted in the comparative example are barley: chicory = 1:1, the other components were the same as in example 3.
Comparative example 2
The mixed sowing pasture seeds adopted in the comparative example are common vetch: chicory = 2:1, the other components were the same as in example 3.
Comparative example 3
The mixed sowing pasture seeds adopted in the comparative example are barley: common vetch=2: 1, the other components were the same as in example 3.
Comparative example 4
The pasture grass seeds used in the comparative example are ryegrass: chicory = 2:1, the other components were the same as in example 3.
Comparative example 5
The mixed sowing pasture seeds adopted in the comparative example are elymus lanceolatus: chicory = 2:1, the other components were the same as in example 3.
Comparative example 6
The pasture grass seeds used in the comparative example are ryegrass: barley=2: 1, the other components were the same as in example 3.
Comparative example 7
The pasture grass seeds used in the comparative example are ryegrass: barley=1: 1, the other components were the same as in example 3.
Comparative example 8
The mixed sowing pasture seeds adopted in the comparative example are common vetch: ryegrass = 1:2, the other components were the same as in example 2.
Comparative example 9
The mixed sowing pasture seeds adopted in the comparative example are common vetch: ryegrass = 1:1, the other components were the same as in example 2.
Comparative example 10
This comparative example was the same as example 3 except that no light supplement was performed in step 6.
Comparative example 11
This comparative example was the same as example 3 except that natural light was used for light filling in step 6.
Comparative example 12
This comparative example was identical to example 3 except that when the light supplement was performed in step 6, the light quantum flux density ratio of red light, blue light, and white light was red light to blue light to white light=1:1:1.
Comparative example 13
This comparative example was the same as in example 3 except that when the light was supplemented in step 6, the light was red light, blue light, and far-red light, and the ratio of luminous flux densities was red light to blue light to far-red light=3:1:1.
Experimental part
Experiment 1
The plant height, stem thickness and leaf width growth of the plants of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 13 were counted and recorded as shown in tables 1 to 16 and FIGS. 1 to 16.
TABLE 1 growth of barley+Lolium perenne in example 1
TABLE 2 growth of Amaranthus praecox+Lolium in example 2
TABLE 3 growth of barley+ryegrass in example 3
Table 4 growth of barley+chicory in comparative example 1
Table 5 growth of the vetch+chicory of comparative example 2
Table 6 growth of barley+vetch in comparative example 3
TABLE 7 growth of Lolium Setaricum+Cichorium intybus in comparative example 4
Table 8 growth of Alternaria alternata+Cichorium intybus in comparative example 5
TABLE 9 growth of barley+Lolium perenne in comparative example 6
TABLE 10 growth of barley+ryegrass in comparative example 7
TABLE 11 growth of common vetch+Lolium perenne in comparative example 8
Table 12 growth of common vetch+Lolium Persii in comparative example 9
TABLE 13 growth of barley+Lolium perenne in comparative example 10
TABLE 14 growth of barley+Lolium perenne in comparative example 11
TABLE 15 growth of barley + ryegrass in comparative example 12
TABLE 16 growth of barley + ryegrass in comparative example 13
By way of the above tables 1-16 and figures 1-16, under the same conditions, comparative examples 1-9 replaced the mixed-seeding pasture seeds with barley, respectively: chicory = 1:1, common vetch: chicory = 2:1, barley: common vetch=2: 1, ryegrass: chicory = 2:1, a mixed seed of the following materials, the elymus chinensis: chicory = 2:1, ryegrass: barley=1: 2, ryegrass: barley=1: 1, common vetch: ryegrass = 1:2, common vetch: ryegrass = 1:1, the plant height and the stem thickness and the leaf width are not as good as the invention; comparative example 10 was not supplemented with light, comparative example 11 was supplemented with natural light, and comparative examples 12 and 13 were adjusted in the ratio of the supplemented light or the light color, and the growth vigor of the mixed-seeding pasture seeds was also poor, which can prove that the barley screened by the invention: ryegrass = 2: mixed seed of 1 = common pea: ryegrass = 2:1 blend, with appropriate temperature humidity and red light for the invention: blue light: white light = 3:1: the illumination condition of 1, 14-18h/d can promote the growth of grass seeds, and the grass seeds can be harvested in 7-10 days.
Claims (9)
1. The water planting and rapid propagation method for the mixed sowing of pastures is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, seed soaking: soaking the mixed pasture seeds in water for 6-10h;
Step 2, seed disinfection: soaking the mixed sowing pasture seeds after seed soaking in hypochlorous acid solution for 6-10min, and fishing out for standby;
Step 3, cleaning seedling trays: cleaning the seedling tray with clear water, soaking and washing with hypochlorous acid solution for 4-6 min, cleaning with clear water, and drying in the shade or air drying;
step 4, dishing: sowing the pasture seeds after the sterilization in the step 2 on the seedling trays treated in the step 3, so that the pasture seeds are smooth and tightly connected;
the mixed sowing pasture seeds are any one of ryegrass and common vetch mixed seeds and barley and ryegrass mixed seeds;
In the mixed seeds of the barley and the ryegrass, the weight ratio of the barley to the ryegrass is barley ryegrass=2:1;
In the hybrid seed of ryegrass and common vetch, the weight ratio of ryegrass to common vetch is common vetch, ryegrass=2:1;
step 5, darkening germination: placing the pasture seeds in the mixed sowing manner in the step 4 in a dark environment with the temperature of 25-30 ℃ and the humidity of 70-90% for accelerating germination for 2-3 days until the pasture seeds in the mixed sowing manner are exposed to white, and completing the dark accelerating germination;
step 6, water planting: placing the mixed sowing pasture seeds with the end of the germination acceleration in the conditions of 70-80% of humidity and 20-24 ℃ for water planting, and supplementing light during the water planting;
the light supplementing time is 14-18h/d, the light supplementing is red light, blue light and white light, and the light quantum flux density ratio of the red light, the blue light and the white light is red light to blue light to white light=3:1:1;
step 7, daily management: ventilation is carried out once in the morning and afternoon each time for 1h each time; spraying water once in the morning and afternoon each day;
Step 8, pollution control: spraying hypochlorous acid solution and/or ultraviolet lamp for sterilization, preventing and treating bacterial injury, and stopping spraying hypochlorous acid solution 3 days before harvesting; ultraviolet disinfection is carried out by ultraviolet lamp every 2 days, each time is more than or equal to 30min;
step 9, fertilizing: applying carbon dioxide gas fertilizer;
step 10, harvesting: and harvesting after the growth height of the seedlings reaches 14-20 cm.
2. The method for rapid propagation of pasture by water cultivation in mixed sowing as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 1, the water temperature for soaking the pasture seeds in mixed sowing is 12-16 ℃, and water is changed every 2 hours; in the step 4, the ryegrass is annual ryegrass.
3. The method for rapid propagation of mixed-seeding pasture according to claim 1, wherein in the step 4, the seedling trays have dimensions of 590mm x 390mm x 55mm, and each seedling tray contains 0.4-0.6kg of soaked mixed-seeding pasture seeds.
4. The method for rapid propagation of pasture by water planting in a mixed manner according to claim 1, wherein in the step 5, ventilation is carried out once every day in the morning and afternoon, and the ventilation time is 9:00-10:00 a.m. and 15:00-16:00 a.m.; the water is sprayed once in the morning and afternoon each day, and the water spraying quantity is suitable for enabling the spraying seedling tray to be soaked and the bottom of the spraying seedling tray is free of accumulated water.
5. The method for rapid propagation of pasture by water planting in a mixed manner according to claim 1, wherein in the step 7, the ventilation time is 9:00-10:00 am and 15:00-16:00 pm each day; the spraying water quantity is suitable for the spraying seedling tray to be soaked and the bottom of the spraying seedling tray is free of water accumulation.
6. The method for rapid propagation of pasture in water by mixed sowing as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 6, the light is supplemented by LED plant light supplementing lamps, and the distance between the LED plant light supplementing lamps and the seedling tray is 35-45cm.
7. The method for rapid propagation of pasture by water cultivation in mixed sowing as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 9, 200g of carbon dioxide gas fertilizer is applied every 5-10 days.
8. The method for rapid propagation of pasture by water cultivation in mixed seeding as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the steps 2, 3 and 8, the concentration of hypochlorous acid solution is 100-140mg/L and the pH value is 6.0-6.8.
9. The method for rapid propagation of pasture by water cultivation in mixed seeding as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 8, the power of the ultraviolet lamp is 20W, and the intensity of the ultraviolet ray is 75-80uw/cm 2.
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