CN118002149A - 一种天然气水蒸气重整催化剂及反应器 - Google Patents
一种天然气水蒸气重整催化剂及反应器 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
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- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M aluminum;oxygen(2-);hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[Al+3] VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
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- KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- NWAHZABTSDUXMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum(2+);dinitrate Chemical compound [Pt+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O NWAHZABTSDUXMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- GPNDARIEYHPYAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Pd+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O GPNDARIEYHPYAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- GTCKPGDAPXUISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ruthenium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Ru+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O GTCKPGDAPXUISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/89—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with noble metals
- B01J23/8933—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with noble metals also combined with metals, or metal oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/894—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with noble metals also combined with metals, or metal oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with rare earths or actinides
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Abstract
本发明涉及天然气水蒸气重整催化剂技术领域,特别涉及一种天然气水蒸气重整催化剂及反应器。包括A组分和B组分,其中,所述A组分为贵金属催化材料,B组分为过渡金属氧化物催化材料;本发明将贵金属和非贵金属结合制备形成催化材料。贵金属催化材料部分无需活化,可直接进行重整反应产生大量H2、CO,使过渡金属催化材料上的氧化物还原为金属态。适量贵金属催化材料不仅可产生重整气还原过渡金属催化材料,从而去掉预还原步骤,还能有效去除高碳烃,避免过渡金属催化材料积碳,且成本可控。两者有机结合,提供了两者单独所不具备的特性。且效果要优于两者单纯的组合。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及天然气水蒸气重整催化剂技术领域,特别涉及一种天然气水蒸气重整催化剂及反应器。
背景技术
以氢作为能源载体替代传统化石燃料是关键方向之一,氢和氧反应方能后只生成水,不排放CO2和污染物,而天然气重整是目前最重要的制氢方式。专利CN202110142962.0公开了一种Ni基重整催化剂,价格便宜,但需还原活化才能使用,停机后又容易被氧化失活,导致启停机操作复杂。并且,Ni基催化剂易发生积碳,导致催化剂失活。因此,开发出活性好、价格低廉、活化温度低的天然气重整催化剂仍是目前面临的难题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于:针对现有技术存在的Ni基催化剂需高温还原活化,易发生积碳、导致催化剂失活的技术缺陷,提供一种天然气水蒸气重整催化剂。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案为:
一种天然气水蒸气重整催化剂,其特征在于,包括A组分和B组分,其中,所述A组分为贵金属催化材料,B组分为过渡金属氧化物催化材料;
所述A组分包括贵金属和第一载体材料,所述贵金属包括Ru、Pt、Pd、Rh中的至少一种,所述第一载体材料包括CeO2、CeZrYbLaO复合氧化物、CeZrLaPrO复合氧化物、Al2O3中的至少一种;
所述B组分包括过渡金属氧化物和第二载体材料,所述过渡金属氧化物为NiO,所述第二载体材料包括Al2O3、氧化镁、铝镁尖晶石中的至少一种;优选的,所述第二载体材料为Al2O3;
所述A组分和所述B组分的结合形式包括分段、分层和混合三种。分段指在负载的载体上按照进气方向的前后设置,分层指在负载的载体上按照一上一下的方式设置,混合是指A组分和B组分先混合,然后整体负载在载体上的一种设置形式。
贵金属催化材料性能优异,但价格昂贵,难以产业化。过渡金属氧化物催化材料便宜,但其需要用H2将氧化物还原成金属态后才具有活性,且使用中易积碳。本发明将贵金属和非贵金属结合制备形成催化材料。贵金属催化材料部分无需活化,可直接进行重整反应产生大量H2、CO,使过渡金属催化材料上的氧化物还原为金属态。适量贵金属催化材料不仅可产生重整气还原过渡金属催化材料,从而去掉预还原步骤,还能有效去除高碳烃,避免过渡金属催化材料积碳,且成本可控。两者有机结合,提供了两者单独所不具备的特性。且效果要优于两者单纯的组合。
Ru、Pt、Pd、Rh中的至少一种分散在CeO2、CeZrYbLaO复合氧化物、CeZrLaPrO复合氧化物、Al2O3上性能优异。NiO分散在Al2O3、氧化镁、铝镁尖晶石上具有较好的性能。
贵金属和过渡金属氧化物催化材料协同机理为:贵金属组分可直接催化蒸汽重整产生H2(CH4+H2O→H2+CO),H2可将过渡金属氧化物催化材料中的NiO还原为金属Ni(NiO+H2→Ni+H2O),使其具有蒸汽重整活性。高碳烃易在Ni表面发生裂解反应,产生积碳,导致失活CxHy→C+H2,而贵金属可有效重整除去高碳烃(CxHy+H2O→H2+CO),保护Ni组分不失活。两者具有强烈的相互促进作用。
CeZrYLaO复合氧化物为Ce60Zr30Y5La5O,即按质量计Ce、Zr、Y、La的氧化物比例为60:30:5:5,CeZrLaPrO复合氧化物为Ce40Zr50La5Pr5O,即按质量计Ce、Zr、La、Pr的氧化物比例为40:50:5:5。
作为本发明的优选方案,所述A组分中,所述贵金属的重量占比为0.2-7%;所述第一载体材料的重量占比为93-99.8%。
进一步优选的,所述A组分中,还包括CaO、BaO中的至少一种,所述CaO或者BaO的质量含量占比为0.1-5%。钙比钡具有更好的抗积碳性能,且无毒。
作为本发明的优选方案,所述B组分中,NiO的重量占比为5-60%,第二载体材料的重量占比为40-95%。
较优选的,所述A组分与所述B组分之间的重量比值为(5%-80%):(20%-95%)。A组分比例高时,具有更好的启动性能,且能够更好的应对高碳烃含量多的天然气;B组分比例高时,可更有效的降低成本。
优选的,所述B组分中,还包含K、Na、Ca、Ba氧化物中的至少一种。进一步优选的,所述B组分中,包含CaO,CaO的质量含量占比为0.1-5%。
作为本发明的优选方案,所述第一载体材料的粒径范围为1-50μm,所述第二载体材料的粒径范围为1-100μm。
作为本发明的优选方案,所述催化剂还包括粘合剂,所述粘合剂包括拟薄水铝石、铝溶胶中的至少一种,优选为拟薄水铝石。
优选的,当催化剂为涂覆式,还包含基体材料,基体材料类型为蜂窝基体或板式基体或换热器。
一种天然气水蒸气重整催化剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤1、分别制备A组分粉体和B组分粉体。具体的,A组分粉体采用等体积浸渍法,将贵金属溶液负载于第一载体材料上,通过干燥、焙烧得粉体催化材料A;B组分粉体采用等体积浸渍法,将Ni的盐溶液负载于第二载体材料上,通过干燥、焙烧得粉体催化材料B;
步骤2、根据催化剂的类型分别将所述粉体催化材料A和所述粉体催化材料B制备成催化浆料、催化颗粒或者挤出式催化剂中的任意一种;其中,涂覆式催化剂是将粉体催化材料A和所述粉体催化材料B根据比例混合或分别制成浆料,涂覆于基体上,干燥,焙烧形成涂覆式催化剂;
挤出式催化剂是将粉体催化材料A和粉体催化材料B或其前驱体分别练泥或按比例混合练泥,再经过陈化,挤出,干燥,焙烧,形成挤出式催化剂;
颗粒式催化剂是将粉体催化材料A和所述粉体催化材料B分别或者按比例混合后冲压造粒,形成颗粒式催化剂。
一种上述催化剂的应用,所述催化剂用于催化天然气水蒸气重整制氢反应。
一种天然气水蒸气重整催化反应器,包括壳体以及装配于所述壳体内的天然气水蒸气重整催化剂,催化剂包括涂覆式、颗粒式和挤出式三种类型。
综上所述,由于采用了上述技术方案,本发明的有益效果是:
通过贵金属催化剂和过渡金属催化剂结合使用,解决了Ni基重整催化剂需要单独还原后才能使用的问题。贵金属催化剂对高碳烃的消除,解决了Ni基催化剂易积碳失活的问题。本发明的催化剂在600°C转化率可超过70%。以低的成本,达到了贵金属重整催化剂的性能。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明作详细的说明。
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
实施例1
本实施例具体提供一种分段涂覆式的催化剂,该催化剂的结构具体为:堇青石陶瓷载体上进行分段涂覆,前段涂覆的为组分A的浆料,后端涂覆的为组分B的浆料。其中,组分A浆料的涂覆量为200g/L,涂层成分为Pt/CeO2/Al2O3(3%/92%/5%);组分B浆料的涂覆量为200g/L,涂层成分为NiO/Al2O3(5%/95%)。前段、后段涂层重量比例为30%/70%。
具体的制备步骤如下所述:
A组分粉体采用等体积浸渍法,将硝酸铂溶液负载于CeO2/Al2O3(94%/6%)料上, 80℃干燥5h,500℃焙烧3h,得粉体催化材料A;将A、铝溶胶、水以40%:5%(以Al2O3质量计):55%的比例球磨15min,得A的催化剂浆体;
B组分粉体采用等体积浸渍法,将硝酸镍溶液负载于Al2O3, 80℃干燥5h,600℃焙烧3h,得粉体催化材料B;将B、铝溶胶、水以40%:5%(以Al2O3质量计):55%的比例球磨15min,得B的催化剂浆体;
将A、B以分段的形式涂覆于堇青石蜂窝陶瓷上,80℃干燥,500℃焙烧,得分段式涂覆催化剂。
将该催化剂在固定床反应器上进行活性测试,反应管为石英材质,水蒸发后和CH4混合,进入反应管。测试样品尺寸为1*1 inch(长度*直径)圆柱,100目。
测试气氛为CH425%、H2O 75%,空速为4000h-1,该催化剂在600°C转化率达到59%。
实施例2
本实施例提供一种催化剂,其制备方式与实施例1基本相同,其区别在于:本实施例的催化剂为分层涂覆式;
所述催化剂在堇青石陶瓷载体上进行分层涂覆,上层为组分A,下层为组分B。上层涂覆量为100g/L,涂层成分为Pt/CeO2/Al2O3(3%/92%/5%);下层涂覆量为100g/L,涂层成分为NiO/Al2O3(5%/95%)。上下层总涂覆量为200g/L。
将该催化剂进行活性测试,测试气氛为CH425%、H2O 75%,空速为4000h-1,升温测试,该催化剂在600°C转化率达到54%。
实施例3
本实施例提供一种催化剂,制备方式参考实施例1,所述催化剂在堇青石陶瓷载体上进行分段涂覆,前段涂覆的为组分A,后端涂覆的为组分B,其中,组分A的涂覆量为200g/L,涂层成分为Pt/CeO2(0.2%/99.8%)。后段涂覆量为200g/L,涂层成分为NiO/Al2O3(3%/97%),将该催化剂进行活性测试,测试气氛为CH425%、H2O 75%,空速为4000h-1,升温测试,该催化剂在600°C转化率达到47%。
实施例4
本实施例提供一种催化剂,制备方式参考实施例1,所述催化剂在堇青石陶瓷载体上进行前后分段涂覆,前段涂覆量为200g/L,涂层成分为Pt/Pd/Al2O3/Ce60Zr30Y5La5O(0.5%/0.5%/49%/50%)。后段涂覆量为200g/L,涂层成分为NiO/MgO(15%/85%)。
将该催化剂进行活性测试,测试气氛为CH425%、H2O 75%,空速为4000h-1,升温测试,该催化剂在600°C转化率达到52%。
实施例5
本实施例提供一种催化剂,制备方式参考实施例1,所述催化剂在堇青石陶瓷载体上进行上下层涂覆,总涂覆量为200g/L。其中,上层涂覆量为100g/L,涂层成分为Ru/Al2O3/CeO2(5%/80%/15%)。下层涂覆量为100g/L,涂层成分为NiO/MgO/Al2O3(20%/40%/40%),
将该催化剂进行活性测试,测试气氛为CH425%、H2O 75%,空速为4000h-1,升温测试,该催化剂在600°C转化率达到66%。
实施例6
本实施例提供一种催化剂,制备方式参考实施例1,所述催化剂在堇青石陶瓷载体上进行上下层涂覆,总涂覆量为200g/L。其中,上层涂覆量为100g/L;涂层成分为Pt/Pd/Ru/Rh/Al2O3(0.5%/0.1%/3%/3%/93.4%)。下层涂覆量为100g/L,涂层成分为NiO/Al2O3(40%/60%)。将该催化剂进行活性测试,测试气氛为CH425%、H2O 75%,空速为4000h-1,升温测试,该催化剂在600°C转化率达到70%。
实施例7
本实施例提供一种颗粒式催化剂,具体的制备方法为:
A组分粉体采用等体积浸渍法,将硝酸铂溶液负载于Al2O3料上, 80℃干燥5h,500℃焙烧3h,得粉体催化材料A Pt/Al2O3(7%/93%),通过造粒机冲压成颗粒式重整催化剂,并置于进气方向前段。
B组分粉体采用等体积浸渍法,将硝酸镍溶液负载于储氧材料/Al2O3(50%/50%),80℃干燥5h,600℃焙烧3h,得粉体催化材料B;后段采用相同方法制备得到颗粒式重整催化剂,其成分为NiO/MgO/Al2O3(20%/40%/40%),并置于进气方向后段。
将该催化剂在固定床反应器上进行活性测试, 其测试方法和实施例1基本相同。催化剂填充量为12.54 mL(前段:后段为1:2),反应管为石英材质,水蒸发后和CH4混合,进入反应管。转化率达到72%。
实施例8
本实施例提供一种挤出式催化剂,具体的制备方法为:
A组分粉体采用等体积浸渍法,将硝酸铂、硝酸钯、硝酸钌、Al2O3和1%的乙二醇水溶液混合,再经练泥,陈化,挤出,干燥,焙烧得A的挤出式催化剂Pt/Pd/Ru/Al2O3(0.5%/0.1%/3%/96.4%)。
B组分粉体采用等体积浸渍法,将硝酸镍、铝镁尖晶石、Al2O3和1%的乙二醇水溶液混合,在经练泥,陈化,挤出,干燥,焙烧得B的挤出式催化剂NiO/铝镁尖晶石/Al2O3(20%/40%/40%)。
浆料成分为Pt/Pd/Ru/Rh/Al2O3(0.5%/0.1%/3%/3%/93.4%)。挤出得挤出式重整催化剂,置于进气方向前段,后段挤出式催化剂成分为NiO/铝镁尖晶石/Al2O3(20%/40%/40%),将该催化剂进行活性测试,测试气氛为CH425%、H2O 75%,空速为4000h-1,升温测试,该催化剂在600°C转化率达到72%。
实施例9
本实施例提供一种催化剂,制备方式参考实施例1,前后段涂层重量比例为5%/95%。涂层成分为:前段Pt/CeO2/Al2O3(3%/92%/5%),后段NiO/Al2O3(5%/95%);
其活性测试方式与实施例1相同,转化率达到53%。
实施例10
本实施例提供一种催化剂,制备方式参考实施例1,前后段涂层重量比例为80%/20%;涂层成分为:前段Pt/CeO2/Al2O3(3%/92%/5%),后段NiO/Al2O3(5%/95%);
其活性测试方式与实施例1相同,转化率达到72%。
实施例11
本实施例提供一种催化剂,制备方式参考实施例1,前后段涂层重量比例为30%/70%;涂层成分为:前段Pt/CeO2/Al2O3(3%/92%/5%),后段NiO/Al2O3(5%/95%);
其活性测试装置与实施例1相同,测试气氛为CH436%、C2H64%、H2O 60%,空速为4000h-1,700℃连续运行30h,无积碳现象。
对比例1
本对比例提供一种催化剂,所述催化剂在堇青石陶瓷载体上涂覆贵金属重整催化剂,涂覆量为200g/L,涂层成分为单Pt/CeO2/Al2O3(3%/90%/5%),得到贵金属重整催化剂。将该催化剂进行活性测试,测试气氛为CH425%、H2O 75%,空速为4000h-1,升温测试,该催化剂在600°C转化率达到71%,但成本过高难以产业化。
对比例2
本对比例提供一种催化剂,所述催化剂在堇青石陶瓷载体上涂覆贵金属重整催化剂,涂覆量为200g/L,涂层成分为单NiO/ Al2O3(10%/90%),得到过渡金属氧化物重整催化剂。将该催化剂进行活性测试,测试气氛为CH425%、H2O 75%,空速为4000h-1,升温测试,该催化剂在600°C无活性。
对比例3
本对比例提供一种催化剂,制备方式参考实施例10,前段涂层成分为前段Au/CeO2/Al2O3(3%/92%/5%),后段涂层为NiO/Al2O3(5%/95%);前段、后段涂层重量比例为80%/20%。其活性测试方式与实施例1相同,转化率为24%。
对比例4
本对比例提供一种催化剂,制备方式参考实施例10,涂层成分为前段Ag/CeO2/Al2O3(3%/92%/5%);后段涂层为NiO/Al2O3(5%/95%);前段、后段涂层重量比例为80%/20%。其活性测试方式与实施例1相同,转化率为27%。
对比例5
本对比例提供一种催化剂,制备方式参考对比例2。NiO/Al2O3(5%/95%),涂覆量为200g/L。测试方法参考实施例11,发生严重积碳。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种天然气水蒸气重整催化剂,其特征在于,包括A组分和B组分,其中,所述A组分为贵金属催化材料,B组分为过渡金属氧化物催化材料;
所述A组分包括贵金属和第一载体材料,所述贵金属包括Ru、Pt、Pd、Rh中的至少一种,所述第一载体材料包括CeO2、CeZrYbLaO复合氧化物、CeZrLaPrO复合氧化物、Al2O3中的至少一种;
所述B组分包括过渡金属氧化物和第二载体材料,所述过渡金属氧化物为NiO,所述第二载体材料包括Al2O3、氧化镁、铝镁尖晶石中的至少一种;
所述A组分和所述B组分的结合形式包括分段、分层和混合三种。
2.根据权利要求1所述的天然气水蒸气重整催化剂,其特征在于,所述A组分中,所述贵金属的重量占比为0.2-7%;所述第一载体材料的重量占比为93-99.8%。
3.根据权利要求2所述的天然气水蒸气重整催化剂,其特征在于,所述A组分中,还包括CaO、BaO中的至少一种,所述CaO或者BaO的质量含量占比为0.1-5%。
4.根据权利要求2所述的天然气水蒸气重整催化剂,其特征在于,所述B组分中,NiO的重量占比为5-60%,第二载体材料的重量占比为40-95%;所述A组分与所述B组分之间的重量比值为(5%-80%):(20%-95%)。
5.根据权利要求4所述的天然气水蒸气重整催化剂,其特征在于,所述B组分中,还包含K、Na、Ca、Ba的氧化物中的至少一种。
6.根据权利要求5所述的天然气水蒸气重整催化剂,其特征在于,所述B组分中,还包括CaO,CaO的质量含量占比为0.1-5%。
7.根据权利要求1所述的天然气水蒸气重整催化剂,其特征在于,所述第一载体材料的粒径范围为1-50μm,所述第二载体材料的粒径范围为1-100μm。
8.根据权利要求1-7任意一项所述的天然气水蒸气重整催化剂,其特征在于,所述催化剂还包括粘合剂,所述粘合剂包括拟薄水铝石、铝溶胶中的至少一种。
9.根据权利要求8所述的天然气水蒸气重整催化剂,其特征在于,该催化剂根据如下步骤制备:
步骤1、分别制备A组分粉体和B组分粉体,具体的,A组分粉体采用等体积浸渍法制备,将贵金属溶液负载于第一载体材料上,通过干燥、焙烧得粉体催化材料A;B组分粉体采用等体积浸渍法制备,将Ni的盐溶液负载于第二载体材料上,通过干燥、焙烧得粉体催化材料B;
步骤2、根据催化剂的类型分别将所述粉体催化材料A和所述粉体催化材料B制备成催化浆料、催化颗粒或者挤出式催化剂中的任意一种;其中,涂覆式催化剂是将粉体催化材料A和所述粉体催化材料B根据比例混合或分别制成浆料,涂覆于基体上,干燥,焙烧形成涂覆式催化剂;
挤出式催化剂是将粉体催化材料A和粉体催化材料B或其前驱体分别练泥或按比例混合练泥,再经过陈化,挤出,干燥,焙烧,形成挤出式催化剂;
颗粒式催化剂是将粉体催化材料A和所述粉体催化材料B分别或者按比例混合后冲压造粒,形成颗粒式催化剂。
10.一种天然气水蒸气重整催化反应器,其特征在于,包括壳体以及装配于所述壳体内的根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的天然气水蒸气重整催化剂,催化剂包括涂覆式、颗粒式和挤出式三种类型。
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