CN117959392A - 脉络舒通制剂在制备防治胰腺囊肿的药物中的用途 - Google Patents

脉络舒通制剂在制备防治胰腺囊肿的药物中的用途 Download PDF

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CN117959392A
CN117959392A CN202311852211.3A CN202311852211A CN117959392A CN 117959392 A CN117959392 A CN 117959392A CN 202311852211 A CN202311852211 A CN 202311852211A CN 117959392 A CN117959392 A CN 117959392A
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常晓华
杨光
赵丽
石雨鑫
李豪杰
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Abstract

本发明属于预防肿瘤药物领域,具体涉及脉络舒通制剂在制备防治胰腺囊肿的药物中的用途。该制剂由黄芪、金银花、黄柏、苍术、玄参、当归、白芍、甘草、蜈蚣、全蝎、薏苡仁和水蛭组成,该制剂可通过破坏胰腺囊肿的结构,促进囊肿组织的吸收和消散,有效缓解症状并提高患者的生存期。通过药理学试验证实,脉络舒通制剂对胰腺囊肿具有显著的疗效,副作用小且复发率低,具有较大的商业价值。

Description

脉络舒通制剂在制备防治胰腺囊肿的药物中的用途
技术领域
本发明属于预防肿瘤药物领域,具体涉及脉络舒通制剂在制备防治胰腺囊肿的药物中的用途。
背景技术
胰腺囊肿包括真性、假性和囊性3种,临床上多以假性囊肿常见。真性胰腺囊肿发生在胰腺组织内,囊壁内层由胰腺上皮细胞组成,而假性胰腺囊肿发生在胰腺组织外,是胰腺炎或外伤的并发症,属于中医“积聚”的范围。胰腺囊肿会侵蚀脾胃,而且从囊肿溢出的胰液对脾的消化作用会有影响,从而导致胰腺组织发生炎症,并发脾静脉血栓,脾内梗死等。
胰腺囊肿的治疗多以外科手术为主,但由于囊肿常与胰管分支和功能性胰腺组织相沟通,因此往往持续存在并不断增大,即使手术治疗,也存在较大风险。例如,在胰腺囊肿手术治疗中,主要包含内引流术、外引流术、囊肿和胰腺部分切除术。内引流术包括三类,其一是囊肿胃后壁吻合术,缺点是容易引起吻合口出血,其二是囊肿十二指肠吻合术,存在易发生十二指肠瘘的风险,其三是囊肿空肠吻合术,也存在吻合口出血的缺陷,可能导致感染一系列的并发症。外引流术,则可能有出血、穿孔和感染的并发症。囊肿及胰腺部分切除术是指对胰头部囊肿行胰腺切除,但由于炎症常累及临近大血管,所以手术危险性很大。因此,亟需其他的可替代或是辅助手术治疗的其他疗法或是药物制剂。
从中医药的角度看,胰腺囊肿多因情志郁怒,饮食失节,虫疾上扰或跌打损伤以致肝郁气滞而致。肝气不舒,脏腑失和,脉络阻隔,湿浊不化,与热邪相博,或跌打损伤,气滞血瘀,或陇管阻塞,湿热积聚,皆可形成痞块。中医辨证治疗胰腺囊肿多以舒肝理气,活血利湿,软坚消积为法。
本发明提供一种治疗胰腺囊肿的治疗药物,使用中国传统的中草药为原料,符合传统中医药学的理论,疗效显著、副作用小、复发率低。
发明内容
鉴于现有技术中的不足,以上市产品“脉络舒通”的临床应用反馈为依据,本发明提供一种脉络舒通制剂的新用途。通过药理学试验证实,脉络舒通制剂对胰腺囊肿具有显著的疗效,副作用小且复发率低,具有较大的商业价值。
本发明的第一方面是提供一种脉络舒通制剂的新用途,并采用如下的技术方案实现:
一种由黄芪、金银花、黄柏、苍术、玄参、当归、白芍、甘草、蜈蚣、全蝎、薏苡仁和水蛭组成的脉络舒通制剂。
所述脉络舒通制剂包含以下组分:
优选地,所述脉络舒通制剂包含以下组分:
进一步优选地,所述脉络舒通制剂包含以下组分:
所述脉络舒通制剂,除药材脉络舒通提取物细粉外,还包含药学上可接受的赋形剂。
优选地,所述脉络舒通制剂中,赋型剂为填充剂、粘合剂、表面活性剂和润滑剂。
进一步优选地,所述脉络舒通制剂中,脉络舒通提取物细粉的重量比为40~60%,填充剂30~45%,粘合剂5~10%,表面活性剂5~10%,润滑剂1~2%。
进一步优选地,所述脉络舒通制剂中,填充剂为白陶土、粉状纤维素或果胶。
进一步优选地,所述脉络舒通制剂中,粘合剂为低取代羟丙甲纤维素或羟乙甲纤维素。
进一步优选地,所述脉络舒通制剂中,表面活性剂为蔗糖硬脂酸酯、倍半油酸山梨坦或单油酸甘油酯。
进一步优选地,所述脉络舒通制剂中,润滑剂为硬脂酸镁、硬脂富马酸钠和滑石粉。
本发明的第二方面是提供脉络舒通制剂的制药用途。本发明脉络舒通制剂各味中药材协同增效,药理学及临床案例表明本发明中药组合物可以活血化瘀、破坏囊肿的结构,促进囊肿的吸收和消散,用于预防和治疗胰腺囊肿,疗效显著,不良反应小,复发率低。
本发明的第三个方面是提供一种上述中药组合物的制剂,所述中药组合物为由所述中药组分制备成中药口服制剂,优选的,所述中药口服制剂为丸剂、片剂、合剂、胶囊剂、颗粒剂、散剂或膏剂。
进一步的,本发明提供的脉络舒通制剂依托于已上市品种“脉络舒通丸”及“脉络舒通颗粒”进行的临床反馈,因此,产品优选为脉络舒通丸或脉络舒通颗粒,但本发明产品不限于该品种。
本发明还提供了所述脉络舒通制剂的制备方法,包含以下步骤:
A、取水蛭、蜈蚣、全蝎3味动物药材,粉碎、加水浸提,分别收集上清液和沉淀;前述上清液经装有切向流膜的过滤器超滤浓缩,收集滤液,冷冻干燥,得动物药材冻干粉,备用;
B、取金银花、苍术、当归、玄参、白芍、甘草6味药材,加入纯化水蒸馏提取挥发油,得挥发油,加入磺丁基-β-环糊精包合,制成包合物,备用,蒸馏后的水溶液和药渣,备用;
C、取黄芪、黄柏、薏苡仁3味药材及步骤A所得的沉淀和步骤B所得的药渣,过筛,混匀,加水,浸提两次,浸提液经装有切向流膜的过滤器超滤浓缩,得浓缩液,备用;
D、取步骤C所得浓缩液,与步骤C蒸馏后的水溶液合并,减压浓缩至80℃时相对密度为1.1~1.2的浸膏,加入乙醇使含醇量达60~80%,冷藏,回收乙醇,浓缩至80℃时相对密度为1.2~1.25的浸膏,干燥成细粉,得提取物干粉,备用;
E、取步骤A所得动物药材冻干粉、步骤B所得挥发油包合物和步骤D所得提取物干粉,混匀,即得脉络舒通提取物细粉,然后加入药学上可接受的赋形剂,制成脉络舒通制剂。
优选地,所述脉络舒通颗粒的制备方法,包含以下步骤:
A、取水蛭、蜈蚣、全蝎3味动物药材,粉碎、加水浸提,分别收集上清液和沉淀;前述上清液经装有切向流膜的过滤器超滤浓缩,收集滤液,冷冻干燥,得动物药材冻干粉,备用;
B、取金银花、苍术、当归、玄参、白芍、甘草6味药材,加入8~15倍量纯化水蒸馏提取挥发油5~8h,得挥发油,加入磺丁基-β-环糊精包合,制成包合物,备用,蒸馏后的水溶液和药渣,备用;
C、取黄芪、黄柏、薏苡仁3味药材及步骤A所得的沉淀和步骤B所得的药渣,过筛,混匀,加10~15倍量水,浸提两次,每次2h,浸提液经装有切向流膜的过滤器超滤浓缩,得浓缩液,备用;
D、取步骤C所得浓缩液,与步骤C蒸馏后的水溶液合并,减压浓缩至80℃时相对密度为1.1~1.2的浸膏,加入乙醇使含醇量达60~80%,冷藏24~48h,回收乙醇,浓缩至80℃时相对密度为1.2~1.25的浸膏,干燥成细粉,得提取物干粉,备用;
E、取步骤A所得动物药材冻干粉、步骤B所得挥发油包合物和步骤D所得提取物干粉,混匀,即得脉络舒通提取物细粉。取脉络舒通提取物细粉,加入填充剂和表面活性剂,混匀,经挤出式湿法制粒,干燥,得超细颗粒;将粘合剂用纯化水稀释成粘合剂混悬液,搅拌均匀,涂于超细颗粒的表面,再加入润滑剂,混匀,干燥,得脉络舒通颗粒。
本发明与现有技术相比具有如下突出优点:
1、本发明中药组合物对胰腺囊肿具有显著的疗效,配方中提高黄芪、当归、白芍、甘草的重量比,用于加强组合物的活血化瘀理气功效;同时降低蜈蚣、水蛭和全蝎虫类有毒药材的重量,既有利于降低组合物的价格,又有利于减少有毒药材的摄入。
2、对于临床上用于治疗胰腺囊肿尚无特效药的现状,本发明中药组合物的研发为患者进一步提供了的临床选择。采用本发明的中药组合物制剂,可破坏胰腺囊肿的结构,促进囊肿组织的吸收和消散,有效缓解症状并提高患者的生存期。
具体实施方式
下面列举具体实施方式对本发明予以进一步说明,但不以任何方式限制本发明的范围,本领域技术人员根据本发明的基本思想,可以做出各种修改或改进,但是只要不脱离本发明的基本思想,均在本发明的范围之内。
实施例1脉络舒通制剂中提取物细粉的制备
处方组分:
制备方法:
A、取水蛭、蜈蚣、全蝎3味动物药材,粉碎、加水浸提,分别收集上清液和沉淀;前述上清液经装有切向流膜的过滤器超滤浓缩,收集滤液,冷冻干燥,得动物药材冻干粉,备用;
B、取金银花、苍术、当归、玄参、白芍、甘草6味药材,加入12倍量纯化水蒸馏提取挥发油6h,得挥发油,加入磺丁基-β-环糊精包合,制成包合物,备用,蒸馏后的水溶液和药渣,备用;
C、取黄芪、黄柏、薏苡仁3味药材及步骤A所得的沉淀和步骤B所得的药渣,过筛,混匀,加12倍量水,浸提两次,每次2h,浸提液经装有切向流膜的过滤器超滤浓缩,得浓缩液,备用;
D、取步骤C所得浓缩液,与步骤C蒸馏后的水溶液合并,减压浓缩至80℃时相对密度为1.1~1.2的浸膏,加入乙醇使含醇量达60~80%,冷藏36h,回收乙醇,浓缩至80℃时相对密度为1.2~1.25的浸膏,干燥成细粉,得提取物干粉,备用;
E、取步骤A所得动物药材冻干粉、步骤B所得挥发油包合物和步骤D所得提取物干粉,混匀,即得脉络舒通提取物细粉。
实施例2脉络舒通制剂中提取物细粉的制备
处方组分:
制备方法:
A、取水蛭、蜈蚣、全蝎3味动物药材,粉碎、加水浸提,分别收集上清液和沉淀;前述上清液经装有切向流膜的过滤器超滤浓缩,收集滤液,冷冻干燥,得动物药材冻干粉,备用;
B、取金银花、苍术、当归、玄参、白芍、甘草6味药材,加入15倍量纯化水蒸馏提取挥发油8h,得挥发油,加入磺丁基-β-环糊精包合,制成包合物,备用,蒸馏后的水溶液和药渣,备用;
C、取黄芪、黄柏、薏苡仁3味药材及步骤A所得的沉淀和步骤B所得的药渣,过筛,混匀,加15倍量水,浸提两次,每次2h,浸提液经装有切向流膜的过滤器超滤浓缩,得浓缩液,备用;
D、取步骤C所得浓缩液,与步骤C蒸馏后的水溶液合并,减压浓缩至80℃时相对密度为1.1~1.2的浸膏,加入乙醇使含醇量达60~80%,冷藏48h,回收乙醇,浓缩至80℃时相对密度为1.2~1.25的浸膏,干燥成细粉,得提取物干粉,备用;
E、取步骤A所得动物药材冻干粉、步骤B所得挥发油包合物和步骤D所得提取物干粉,混匀,即得脉络舒通提取物细粉。
实施例3脉络舒通制剂中提取物细粉的制备
处方组分:
制备方法:
A、取水蛭、蜈蚣、全蝎3味动物药材,粉碎、加水浸提,分别收集上清液和沉淀;前述上清液经装有切向流膜的过滤器超滤浓缩,收集滤液,冷冻干燥,得动物药材冻干粉,备用;
B、取金银花、苍术、当归、玄参、白芍、甘草6味药材,加入8倍量纯化水蒸馏提取挥发油5h,得挥发油,加入磺丁基-β-环糊精包合,制成包合物,备用,蒸馏后的水溶液和药渣,备用;
C、取黄芪、黄柏、薏苡仁3味药材及步骤A所得的沉淀和步骤B所得的药渣,过筛,混匀,加10倍量水,浸提两次,每次2h,浸提液经装有切向流膜的过滤器超滤浓缩,得浓缩液,备用;
D、取步骤C所得浓缩液,与步骤C蒸馏后的水溶液合并,减压浓缩至80℃时相对密度为1.1~1.2的浸膏,加入乙醇使含醇量达60~80%,冷藏24h,回收乙醇,浓缩至80℃时相对密度为1.2~1.25的浸膏,干燥成细粉,得提取物干粉,备用;
E、取步骤A所得动物药材冻干粉、步骤B所得挥发油包合物和步骤D所得提取物干粉,混匀,即得脉络舒通提取物细粉。
实施例4脉络舒通制剂中提取物细粉的制备
处方组分:
制备方法同实施例1。
实施例5脉络舒通制剂中提取物细粉的制备
处方组分:
制备方法同实施例1。
实验例1:活性成分的含量测定
脉络舒通提取物细粉中有关活性成分的含量测定:黄芪、当归、白芍和甘草按照参照《中国药典》2020年版第一部通则0512高效液相色谱法测定,组分中的挥发油照通则2204乙法测定,组分中的多糖采用使用紫外分光光度法测定吸光度测定。使用脉络舒通颗粒(国药准字Z19991025),由鲁南厚普制药有限公司生产,作为对照。所用药材、制剂均为普通市售,产品质量均符合国家规定。各实施例所得脉络舒通颗粒的提取物细粉及在售脉络舒通颗粒(市售品),20g/袋,其中的黄芪、当归、白芍和甘草4种药材的有关活性成分含量测定如下,表1所示:
表1活性成分含量测定
从表1可知,本发明各实施例1~5及市售品中,黄芪、当归、白芍和甘草4种药材的有关活性成分含量较高。
实施例6脉络舒通颗粒的制备
1)取实施例1所得的脉络舒通提取物细粉40份(重量份数),加入白陶土40份和蔗糖硬脂酸酯10份,混匀,经挤出式湿法制粒,干燥,得超细颗粒,备用;
2)将粘合剂低取代羟丙甲纤维素8份,用纯化水稀释至重量百分含量为15%的粘合剂混悬液,搅拌均匀备用;
3)打开流化床干燥机,将步骤1)所得的超细颗粒置于干燥机内,使用底喷装置,将粘合剂混悬液喷涂于超细颗粒的表面,再加入硬脂酸镁2份,混匀,干燥,得脉络舒通颗粒。
实施例7脉络舒通颗粒的制备
1)取实施例1所得的脉络舒通提取物细粉59份,加入粉状纤维素30份和倍半油酸山梨坦5份,混匀,经挤出式湿法制粒,干燥,得超细颗粒,备用;
2)将粘合剂羟乙甲纤维素5份,用纯化水稀释至重量百分含量为17%的粘合剂混悬液,搅拌均匀备用;
3)打开流化床干燥机,将步骤1)所得的超细颗粒置于干燥机内,使用底喷装置,将粘合剂混悬液喷涂于超细颗粒的表面,再加入润滑剂硬脂富马酸钠1份,混匀,干燥,得脉络舒通颗粒。
实施例8脉络舒通颗粒的制备
1)取实施例1所得的脉络舒通提取物细粉50份,加入果胶38份和单油酸甘油脂6份,混匀,经挤出式湿法制粒,干燥,得超细颗粒,备用;
2)将粘合剂羟乙甲纤维素5份,用纯化水稀释至重量百分含量为20%的粘合剂混悬液,搅拌均匀备用;
3)打开流化床干燥机,将步骤1)所得的超细颗粒置于干燥机内,使用底喷装置,将粘合剂混悬液喷涂于超细颗粒的表面,再加入润滑剂滑石粉,混匀,干燥,得脉络舒通颗粒。实验例2脉络舒通颗粒溶出度的测定
实施例6~8所得脉络舒通颗粒(20g/袋)按照溶出度测定法(《中国药典》2020年版四部通则0931第三法)于200mL蒸馏水为溶出介质、水浴温度为37℃±0.5℃、转速100r·min-1的条件下进行体外溶出试验,以黄芪甲苷为指标进行考察。使用脉络舒通颗粒(国药准字Z19991025),由鲁南厚普制药有限公司生产,作为对照。
表2不同样品累积溶出百分率(以黄芪甲苷计)
由表2可以看出,本发明所得脉络舒通颗粒剂在30min内均达到了85%以上的溶出,相比市售的脉络舒通颗粒剂,体外溶出效果更好。
实验例3脉络舒通对大鼠的治疗作用
材料:使用实施例6所得脉络舒通颗粒剂。
试验动物及建模:选取SPF级SD大鼠,健康,3~4W,120只,体重180~200g,在照明12h、通风条件良好情况下饲养1个月。先随机分出20只,作为正常对照组(作为第1组),剩余100只用于建模。取二丁基二氯化物DBTC,溶于纯酒精中,然后与甘油混合,其中DBTC:酒精:甘油的重量比为1:2:3,将前述100只大鼠,放入固定器中,经尾静脉注入DBTC混合溶液200uL(DBTC 8mg/kg体重),继续常规饲养2周。观察大鼠的病理变化,大鼠于第3天胰腺肿胀充血明显,胰管稍有扩张,囊肿开始形成,第7天囊肿逐渐增大,第14天形成部分巨大囊肿,大鼠胰腺囊肿模型完成。
试验方法:将建模的100只大鼠,随机依次分为模型组(作为第2组)、阳性药组(作为第3组)、三个受试药剂量组(作为第4、5、6组)。第1组继续常规饲养;第2组大鼠给予安慰剂;第3组灌胃给药芬戈莫德10mg/Kg/d(芬戈莫德购自Selleck Chemicals公司,用生理盐水溶解为10mg/mL后给药);第4、5和6组灌胃给药实施例6所得脉络舒通颗粒剂(20g/袋),灌服剂量分别为0.12g/kg/d、0.24g/kg/d、0.36g/kg/d。给药前12h和给药后4小时禁止进食,但不禁水,灌胃给药,共12周。治疗结果如下表3所示。
表3治疗结果
结果表明:与第3组相比,第4~6组中脉络舒通对大鼠的胰腺囊肿治疗效果显著,有效率高;增大脉络舒通的剂量,与对照组比较,大鼠未出现病理学方面的异常,说明该中药制剂对大鼠安全无毒。
实验例4脉络舒通对胰腺囊肿的复发抑制作用
将实验例3中的第3、5组中的大鼠,继续给药治疗,并以第1组的大鼠作为正常对照。第1组继续常规饲养;第3组灌胃给药芬戈莫德10mg/Kg/d;第5组灌胃给药实施例6所得脉络舒通颗粒剂,灌服剂量为0.24g/kg/d。给药时间均为20周。
实验结果:第1、3、5组大鼠在试验期内均未出现死亡,其中第5组中的18只大鼠胰腺囊肿未复发,将这些大鼠解剖后,与第1组相比,病理切片显示胰腺形态恢复完好,表明脉络舒通可以活血化瘀、破坏囊肿的结构,促进囊肿的吸收和消散;第3组大鼠有9只未出现胰腺囊肿复发,将其解剖后,未出现囊肿复发的大鼠的病理切片中有腺泡增大和腺体轻微变大的情况。

Claims (5)

1.脉络舒通制剂在制备防治胰腺囊肿的药物中的用途,其特征在于,所述脉络舒通制剂包含以下组分:
2.如权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于,所述脉络舒通制剂,除含药材脉络舒通提取物细粉外,还包含药学上可接受的赋形剂。
3.如权利要求2所述的用途,其特征在于,所述脉络舒通制剂中,赋型剂为填充剂、粘合剂、表面活性剂和润滑剂。
4.如权利要求3所述的用途,其特征在于,所述脉络舒通制剂中,脉络舒通提取物细粉的重量比为40~60%,填充剂30~45%,粘合剂5~10%,表面活性剂5~10%,润滑剂1~2%。
5.如权利要求2所述的用途,其特征在于,所述脉络舒通制剂的制备方法,包含以下步骤:
A、取水蛭、蜈蚣、全蝎3味动物药材,粉碎、加水浸提,分别收集上清液和沉淀;前述上清液经装有切向流膜的过滤器超滤浓缩,收集滤液,冷冻干燥,得动物药材冻干粉,备用;
B、取金银花、苍术、当归、玄参、白芍、甘草6味药材,加入纯化水蒸馏提取挥发油,得挥发油,加入磺丁基-β-环糊精包合,制成包合物,备用,蒸馏后的水溶液和药渣,备用;
C、取黄芪、黄柏、薏苡仁3味药材及步骤A所得的沉淀和步骤B所得的药渣,过筛,混匀,加水,浸提两次,浸提液经装有切向流膜的过滤器超滤浓缩,得浓缩液,备用;
D、取步骤C所得浓缩液,与步骤C蒸馏后的水溶液合并,减压浓缩至80℃时相对密度为1.1~1.2的浸膏,加入乙醇使含醇量达60~80%,冷藏,回收乙醇,浓缩至80℃时相对密度为1.2~1.25的浸膏,干燥成细粉,得提取物干粉,备用;
E、取步骤A所得动物药材冻干粉、步骤B所得挥发油包合物和步骤D所得提取物干粉,混匀,即得脉络舒通提取物细粉,然后加入药学上可接受的赋形剂,制成脉络舒通制剂。
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