CN117837304B - A tobacco interplanting soybean cultivation device and its application - Google Patents
A tobacco interplanting soybean cultivation device and its application Download PDFInfo
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- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000009342 intercropping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009336 multiple cropping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000008935 nutritious Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B33/00—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs
- A01B33/02—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs with tools on horizontal shaft transverse to direction of travel
- A01B33/021—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs with tools on horizontal shaft transverse to direction of travel with rigid tools
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B33/00—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs
- A01B33/08—Tools; Details, e.g. adaptations of transmissions or gearings
- A01B33/10—Structural or functional features of the tools ; Theoretical aspects of the cutting action
- A01B33/103—Structural or functional features of the tools ; Theoretical aspects of the cutting action the rotating shaft being oriented horizontally
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/04—Distributing under pressure; Distributing mud; Adaptation of watering systems for fertilising-liquids
- A01C23/047—Spraying of liquid fertilisers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B3/00—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements
- B05B3/18—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with elements moving in a straight line, e.g. along a track; Mobile sprinklers
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transplanting Machines (AREA)
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种烟草套种大豆的栽培装置及应用，涉及种植栽培技术领域，该栽培装置包括栽培装置主体，所述栽培装置主体内部具有隔板且隔板将栽培装置主体内部分割成存储区和种植区，隔板上设置有多个插槽且插槽处于相邻的两个种植垄之间，每个插槽内均设置有前支架且隔板上还设置有用于驱使多个前支架同步升降的升降驱动部件；每个前支架上均连接有上梁浇灌组件和液泵组件，所述液泵组件一端延伸至存储区内部且另一端与上梁浇灌组件端部相连接；上梁浇灌组件上还设置有能够在其上滑动的翻土组件。本发明结构简单，便于翻动种植垄上的土壤，提高种植和栽培效率，便于浇灌和施肥，操作便捷且实用性较强。
The invention discloses a cultivation device for interplanting tobacco with soybeans and its application, and relates to the field of planting and cultivation technology. The cultivation device comprises a cultivation device body, wherein the cultivation device body has a partition plate inside, and the partition plate divides the inside of the cultivation device body into a storage area and a planting area, and a plurality of slots are arranged on the partition plate, and the slots are located between two adjacent planting ridges, and a front bracket is arranged in each slot, and a lifting driving component for driving a plurality of front brackets to rise and fall synchronously is also arranged on the partition plate; an upper beam irrigation assembly and a liquid pump assembly are connected to each front bracket, and one end of the liquid pump assembly extends to the inside of the storage area and the other end is connected to the end of the upper beam irrigation assembly; and a soil turning assembly capable of sliding thereon is also arranged on the upper beam irrigation assembly. The invention has a simple structure, is convenient for turning over the soil on the planting ridge, improves the planting and cultivation efficiency, is convenient for irrigation and fertilization, is convenient for operation, and has strong practicality.
Description
技术领域Technical Field
本发明涉及种植栽培技术领域，具体是一种烟草套种大豆的栽培装置及应用。The invention relates to the technical field of planting and cultivation, in particular to a tobacco interplanting soybean cultivation device and application thereof.
背景技术Background technique
烟草一般在4月底和5月播种，7-9月分批采收，9月上旬才能陆续收完，因而10月底到次年4月只能安排一季冬季作物，资源利用严重不足，不能实现效益的最大化，影响了烟区农民的种植积极性。而且烟草在7月就开始分批采收，下层叶片采收后，致使烟草在一半的生育期内光资源不能充分利用，再加上烟草收获后，还有近一个月的光和热可以利用，造成光热资源的浪费。Tobacco is usually sown in late April and May, harvested in batches from July to September, and can only be harvested in early September. Therefore, only one winter crop can be arranged from the end of October to April of the following year. The resource utilization is seriously insufficient, and the benefits cannot be maximized, which affects the enthusiasm of farmers in tobacco-growing areas to plant. In addition, tobacco is harvested in batches in July. After the lower leaves are harvested, the light resources of tobacco cannot be fully utilized in half of its growth period. In addition, after the tobacco is harvested, there is still nearly a month of light and heat available, resulting in a waste of light and heat resources.
大豆是一种既能通过根瘤固氮培肥地力，又能抗旱保墒的集粮食作物、经济作物、饲料和加工原料于一身的作物。大豆含有很高的蛋白质、脂肪以及多种矿质营养元素和生理活性物质，是豆科植物中最富有营养而又易于消化的食材。Soybean is a crop that combines food, cash crop, feed and processing raw material. It can fix nitrogen and improve soil fertility through root nodules, resist drought and conserve moisture. Soybean contains high protein, fat, and a variety of mineral nutrients and physiologically active substances. It is the most nutritious and easy-to-digest food among leguminous plants.
大豆和烟草基本上都是采用田垄的方式种植，以便于收取作物；为了提高产量，常常将大豆和烟草进行套种，套种是在前季作物生长后期的株行间播种或移栽后季作物的种植方式。对比单种种植，它不仅能阶段性地充分利用空间，更重要的是能延长后季作物的生长季节，提高复种指数，提高年总产量。现有的烟草套种大豆的栽培方法是在一定种植区域内设置多条种植垄，由人工进行栽培种植；种植时，需要翻土和浇灌等一系列操作，较为麻烦，且套种时，前季作物的枝条容易吹落在后季作物所在的种植垄上，影响后季作物种植和栽培。Soybeans and tobacco are basically planted in ridges to facilitate crop harvesting; in order to increase yield, soybeans and tobacco are often interplanted. Interplanting is a planting method in which the crops of the previous season are sown between the rows or transplanted to the crops of the next season in the late growth period of the previous season. Compared with single-crop planting, it can not only make full use of space in stages, but more importantly, it can extend the growing season of the crops of the next season, increase the multiple cropping index, and increase the total annual yield. The existing cultivation method of interplanting tobacco with soybeans is to set up multiple planting ridges in a certain planting area and cultivate them manually; during planting, a series of operations such as turning the soil and watering are required, which is more troublesome, and when interplanting, the branches of the previous season crops are easily blown down on the planting ridges where the crops of the next season are located, affecting the planting and cultivation of the crops of the next season.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种烟草套种大豆的栽培装置及应用，以解决背景技术中提出的问题。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a tobacco-soybean interplanting cultivation device and application thereof, so as to solve the problems raised in the background technology.
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
一种烟草套种大豆的栽培装置，包括栽培装置主体，所述栽培装置主体内部具有隔板且隔板将栽培装置主体内部分割成存储区和种植区，所述种植区内具有多条用于种植烟草和大豆的种植垄，隔板上设置有多个插槽且插槽处于相邻的两个种植垄之间，每个插槽内均设置有前支架且隔板上还设置有用于驱使多个前支架同步升降的升降驱动部件；每个前支架上均连接有上梁浇灌组件和液泵组件，所述上梁浇灌组件一端与前支架固定连接且上梁浇灌组件另一端延伸至种植区的远离存储区的一端部，所述液泵组件一端延伸至存储区内部且另一端与上梁浇灌组件端部相连接，所述液泵组件能够将存储区内部的液体肥料和水抽送至上梁浇灌组件内部且液体肥料和水能够由上梁浇灌组件的两边侧以多处喷洒的方式喷向种植垄；上梁浇灌组件上还设置有能够在其上滑动的翻土组件，在上梁浇灌组件上处于移动状态的翻土组件能够以旋转的方式对上梁浇灌组件两侧的种植垄进行翻土操作。A tobacco interplanting soybean cultivation device, comprising a cultivation device body, wherein the cultivation device body is provided with a partition plate, and the partition plate divides the interior of the cultivation device body into a storage area and a planting area, wherein the planting area has a plurality of planting ridges for planting tobacco and soybeans, a plurality of slots are provided on the partition plate, and the slots are located between two adjacent planting ridges, a front bracket is provided in each slot, and a lifting drive component for driving a plurality of front brackets to rise and fall synchronously is also provided on the partition plate; an upper beam watering assembly and a liquid pump assembly are connected to each front bracket, and one end of the upper beam watering assembly is fixedly connected to the front bracket and ... The other end of the irrigation assembly extends to an end of the planting area away from the storage area, one end of the liquid pump assembly extends into the storage area and the other end is connected to the end of the upper beam irrigation assembly, the liquid pump assembly can pump liquid fertilizer and water inside the storage area into the upper beam irrigation assembly and the liquid fertilizer and water can be sprayed onto the planting ridges from both sides of the upper beam irrigation assembly in a multi-point spraying manner; the upper beam irrigation assembly is also provided with a soil turning assembly that can slide thereon, and the soil turning assembly in a moving state on the upper beam irrigation assembly can perform soil turning operations on the planting ridges on both sides of the upper beam irrigation assembly in a rotating manner.
在上述技术方案的基础上，本发明还提供以下可选技术方案：On the basis of the above technical solution, the present invention also provides the following optional technical solution:
在一种可选方案中：所述上梁浇灌组件包括条形梁板、导流管、承载滑道和多个喷液孔，所述条形梁板的一端与前支架顶部固定连接，所述导流管沿着条形梁板的长度方向设置且导流管处于条形梁板的中线位置，导流管一端部与液泵组件相连接，多个喷液孔以两组的方式分别设在条形梁板的侧边且喷液孔与导流管相连接；所述承载滑道设在条形梁板顶部中线处且翻土组件滑动安装在承载滑道上。In an optional scheme: the upper beam pouring assembly includes a strip beam plate, a guide pipe, a bearing slide and a plurality of spray holes, one end of the strip beam plate is fixedly connected to the top of the front bracket, the guide pipe is arranged along the length direction of the strip beam plate and is located at the center line of the strip beam plate, one end of the guide pipe is connected to the liquid pump assembly, and the plurality of spray holes are respectively arranged in two groups on the side edges of the strip beam plate and the spray holes are connected to the guide pipe; the bearing slide is arranged at the center line of the top of the strip beam plate and the soil turning assembly is slidably installed on the bearing slide.
在一种可选方案中：所述承载滑道靠近存储区的一端留有余量且翻土组件能够从承载滑道留有余量的一端滑出；两组喷液孔一一对应且相对应的两个喷液孔的中心线相重合。In an optional solution: a margin is left at one end of the load-bearing slideway close to the storage area and the soil turning assembly can slide out from the end of the load-bearing slideway with the margin; the two groups of spray holes correspond one to one and the center lines of the two corresponding spray holes coincide.
在一种可选方案中：所述种植区远离存储区的一端外壁上还设置有多个分别与多个上梁浇灌组件相对应的后承托部，所述后承托部包括后支撑杆、承托块和连接滑轨，所述后支撑杆顶部与条形梁板远离存储区的端部固定连接，连接滑轨固定在种植区的外壁上且承托块滑动设在连接滑轨上，后支撑杆底部与承托块相连，所述承载滑道远离存储区的一端部具有与之圆弧过渡的延伸部，所述延伸部与承托块相连接；所述翻土组件能够滑移至延伸部。In an optional scheme: a plurality of rear supporting parts corresponding to the plurality of upper beam pouring assemblies are also provided on the outer wall at one end of the planting area away from the storage area, and the rear supporting parts include a rear supporting rod, a supporting block and a connecting slide rail, the top of the rear supporting rod is fixedly connected to the end of the strip beam plate away from the storage area, the connecting slide rail is fixed on the outer wall of the planting area and the supporting block is slidably arranged on the connecting slide rail, the bottom of the rear supporting rod is connected to the supporting block, and the end of the load-bearing slide away from the storage area has an extension part with a circular arc transition thereto, and the extension part is connected to the supporting block; the soil-turning assembly can slide to the extension part.
在一种可选方案中：所述条形梁板上端面还设置有两条分别位于承载滑道两侧的翻动齿条部，所述翻土组件包括承载滑座、转动座、安装部、翻动横杆轴、翻土电机和翻土部，所述承载滑座滑扣在承载滑道上且转动座设在承载滑座上，安装部与转动座相连接且转动座能够驱使安装部旋转，翻动横杆轴转动设在安装部上且翻动横杆轴一端延伸至种植垄上侧，翻土部设在翻动横杆轴处于种植垄上侧的端部且处于转动状态的翻土部用于翻动种植垄上的泥土，所述翻土电机设在安装部上且翻土电机的输出端与翻动横杆轴的一端部相连接，所述翻动横杆轴上设置有移动齿轮且移动齿轮能够与翻动齿条部相啮合。In an optional scheme: the upper end surface of the strip beam plate is also provided with two turning rack parts which are respectively located on both sides of the bearing slide, and the soil turning assembly includes a bearing slide, a rotating seat, a mounting part, a turning cross bar shaft, a soil turning motor and a soil turning part. The bearing slide is buckled on the bearing slide and the rotating seat is arranged on the bearing slide, the mounting part is connected with the rotating seat and the rotating seat can drive the mounting part to rotate, the turning cross bar shaft is rotatably arranged on the mounting part and one end of the turning cross bar shaft extends to the upper side of the planting ridge, the soil turning part is arranged at the end of the turning cross bar shaft on the upper side of the planting ridge and the soil turning part in a rotating state is used to turn the soil on the planting ridge, the soil turning motor is arranged on the mounting part and the output end of the soil turning motor is connected to one end of the turning cross bar shaft, a moving gear is arranged on the turning cross bar shaft and the moving gear can engage with the turning rack part.
在一种可选方案中：所述翻土部包括两个连接圆盘和多个翻土耙齿，两个连接圆盘相对设在翻动横杆轴上，多个翻土耙齿周向分布在翻动横杆轴的外侧且翻土耙齿的两端分别与两个连接圆盘转动连接。In an optional solution: the soil turning part includes two connecting discs and multiple soil turning rake teeth, the two connecting discs are relatively arranged on the turning cross bar shaft, the multiple soil turning rake teeth are circumferentially distributed on the outside of the turning cross bar shaft and the two ends of the soil turning rake teeth are respectively rotatably connected to the two connecting discs.
在一种可选方案中：所述液泵组件包括吊管和液泵，所述液泵处于存储区内部并用于抽取存储区内部的水和液体肥料，所述吊管一端与上梁浇灌组件相连接，所述吊管与上梁浇灌组件相连接的端部呈水平状态，所述升降驱动部件包括杆轴部和调节电机，所述杆轴部端部转动设在隔板上且杆轴部上设置有多对螺旋部，处于一对的两个螺旋部螺旋方向相反，每个螺旋部上均设置有能够在隔板上滑动的螺旋座，螺旋座上设有一端与之铰接的推拉调节杆且推拉调节杆远离螺旋座的端部与吊管连接上梁浇灌组件的端部转动连接，调节电机设在隔板上且调节电机的输出端与杆轴部的一端部相连接。In an optional scheme: the liquid pump assembly includes a hanging pipe and a liquid pump, the liquid pump is located inside the storage area and is used to extract water and liquid fertilizer inside the storage area, one end of the hanging pipe is connected to the upper beam watering assembly, the end of the hanging pipe connected to the upper beam watering assembly is in a horizontal state, the lifting drive component includes a rod shaft and an adjusting motor, the end of the rod shaft is rotatably arranged on the partition and a plurality of pairs of spiral parts are arranged on the rod shaft, the two spiral parts in a pair have opposite spiral directions, each spiral part is provided with a spiral seat that can slide on the partition, a push-pull adjusting rod with one end hinged thereto is provided on the spiral seat, and the end of the push-pull adjusting rod away from the spiral seat is rotatably connected to the end of the hanging pipe connected to the upper beam watering assembly, the adjusting motor is arranged on the partition and the output end of the adjusting motor is connected to one end of the rod shaft.
一种对上述所述的烟草套种大豆的栽培装置的应用，将所述烟草套种大豆的栽培装置应用于农作物的种植中。An application of the above-mentioned tobacco-soybean intercropping cultivation device, wherein the tobacco-soybean intercropping cultivation device is applied to the planting of crops.
相较于现有技术，本发明的有益效果如下：Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
1、本发明中在上梁浇灌组件上移动的翻土组件对种植垄进行翻土操作；从而可快速实现大豆和烟草的播种和栽培；1. The soil turning assembly moving on the upper beam irrigation assembly in the present invention performs soil turning operation on the planting ridges, thereby enabling the sowing and cultivation of soybeans and tobacco to be realized quickly;
2、本发明中上梁浇灌组件的升降便于提高上梁浇灌组件喷洒范围，充分浇灌种植垄上的大豆或烟草；烟草进行套种时，上梁浇灌组件向上移动并将大豆的枝叶顶开，避免大豆的枝叶处于种植烟草的种植垄上部，从而避免大豆枝叶影响烟草的种植；2. The lifting of the upper beam watering assembly in the present invention facilitates the improvement of the spraying range of the upper beam watering assembly, and fully waters the soybeans or tobacco on the planting ridges; when tobacco is interplanted, the upper beam watering assembly moves upward and pushes the branches and leaves of the soybeans away, so as to prevent the branches and leaves of the soybeans from being located on the upper part of the planting ridges where tobacco is planted, thereby preventing the branches and leaves of the soybeans from affecting the planting of tobacco;
3、本发明结构简单，便于翻动种植垄上的土壤，提高种植和栽培效率，便于浇灌和施肥，操作便捷且实用性较强。3. The present invention has a simple structure, is convenient for turning over the soil on the planting ridges, improves the planting and cultivation efficiency, is convenient for irrigation and fertilization, is easy to operate and has strong practicality.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
图1为本发明的一个实施例中的该栽培装置整体结构示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the cultivation device in one embodiment of the present invention.
图2为本发明的一个实施例中的栽培装置主体结构示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a cultivation device in one embodiment of the present invention.
图3为本发明的一个实施例中的上梁浇灌组件结构示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an upper beam pouring assembly in one embodiment of the present invention.
图4为本发明的一个实施例中的翻土组件结构示意图。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a soil turning assembly in one embodiment of the present invention.
图5为本发明的一个实施例中的升降驱动部件结构示意图。FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a lifting drive component in an embodiment of the present invention.
附图标记注释：栽培装置主体100、存储区110、种植区120、隔板130、种植垄140、前支架200、上梁浇灌组件300、条形梁板310、导流管320、喷液孔330、承载滑道340、翻动齿条部350、翻土组件400、承载滑座410、转动座420、安装部430、翻动横杆轴440、连接圆盘450、翻土耙齿460、移动齿轮470、翻土电机480、升降驱动部件500、杆轴部510、螺旋部520、螺旋座530、推拉调节杆540、调节电机550、液泵组件600、吊管610、液泵620、插槽700、后承托部800、后支撑杆810、承托块820、连接滑轨830。Notes on the accompanying drawings: cultivation device body 100, storage area 110, planting area 120, partition 130, planting ridge 140, front bracket 200, upper beam irrigation assembly 300, strip beam plate 310, guide pipe 320, spray hole 330, bearing slide 340, flipping rack part 350, soil turning assembly 400, bearing slide 410, rotating seat 420, mounting part 430, flipping cross bar shaft 440, connecting disc 450, soil turning rake teeth 460, moving gear 470, soil turning motor 480, lifting drive component 500, rod shaft part 510, spiral part 520, spiral seat 530, push-pull adjustment rod 540, adjustment motor 550, liquid pump assembly 600, hanging pipe 610, liquid pump 620, slot 700, rear support part 800, rear support rod 810, support block 820, connecting slide rail 830.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明；在附图或说明中，相似或相同的部分使用相同的标号，并且在实际应用中，各部件的形状、厚度或高度可扩大或缩小。本发明所列举的各实施例仅用以说明本发明，并非用以限制本发明的范围。对本发明所作的任何显而易知的修饰或变更都不脱离本发明的精神与范围。In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments; in the accompanying drawings or descriptions, similar or identical parts use the same reference numerals, and in practical applications, the shape, thickness or height of each component can be enlarged or reduced. The various embodiments listed in the present invention are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. Any obvious modifications or changes made to the present invention do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
在一个实施例中，如图1和图2所示，一种烟草套种大豆的栽培装置，包括栽培装置主体100，所述栽培装置主体100内部具有隔板130且隔板130将栽培装置主体100内部分割成存储区110和种植区120，所述种植区120内具有多条用于种植烟草和大豆的种植垄140，隔板130上设置有多个插槽700且插槽700处于相邻的两个种植垄140之间，每个插槽700内均设置有前支架200且隔板130上还设置有用于驱使多个前支架200同步升降的升降驱动部件500；每个前支架200上均连接有上梁浇灌组件300和液泵组件600，所述上梁浇灌组件300一端与前支架200固定连接且上梁浇灌组件300另一端延伸至种植区120的远离存储区110的一端部，所述液泵组件600一端延伸至存储区110内部且另一端与上梁浇灌组件300端部相连接，所述液泵组件600能够将存储区110内部的液体肥料和水抽送至上梁浇灌组件300内部且液体肥料和水能够由上梁浇灌组件300的两边侧以多处喷洒的方式喷向种植垄140；上梁浇灌组件300上还设置有能够在其上滑动的翻土组件400，在上梁浇灌组件300上处于移动状态的翻土组件400能够以旋转的方式对上梁浇灌组件300两侧的种植垄140进行翻土操作。In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, a tobacco interplanting soybean cultivation device comprises a cultivation device body 100, wherein the cultivation device body 100 has a partition 130 inside and the partition 130 divides the inside of the cultivation device body 100 into a storage area 110 and a planting area 120, wherein the planting area 120 has a plurality of planting ridges 140 for planting tobacco and soybeans, and the partition 130 is provided with a plurality of slots 700 and the slots 700 are located between two adjacent planting ridges 140, each slot 700 is provided with a front bracket 200 and the partition 130 is also provided with a lifting drive component 500 for driving the plurality of front brackets 200 to rise and fall synchronously; each front bracket 200 is connected to an upper beam irrigation assembly 300 and a liquid pump assembly 600, and the upper beam irrigation assembly 300 and the liquid pump assembly 600 are connected to each front bracket 2 ... 00 is fixedly connected to the front bracket 200 at one end and the other end of the upper beam irrigation assembly 300 extends to an end of the planting area 120 away from the storage area 110, one end of the liquid pump assembly 600 extends into the storage area 110 and the other end is connected to the end of the upper beam irrigation assembly 300, the liquid pump assembly 600 can pump liquid fertilizer and water in the storage area 110 into the upper beam irrigation assembly 300 and the liquid fertilizer and water can be sprayed onto the planting ridge 140 from both sides of the upper beam irrigation assembly 300 in a multi-point spraying manner; the upper beam irrigation assembly 300 is also provided with a soil turning assembly 400 that can slide thereon, and the soil turning assembly 400 in a moving state on the upper beam irrigation assembly 300 can perform soil turning operations on the planting ridges 140 on both sides of the upper beam irrigation assembly 300 in a rotating manner.
在本发明实施例中，当大豆或烟草种植时，升降驱动部件500调节前支架200的高度并使得翻土组件400接触种植垄140，启动翻土组件400且翻土组件400在上梁浇灌组件300上移动，在上梁浇灌组件300上移动的翻土组件400对种植垄140进行翻土操作；便于大豆和烟草的播种和栽培；翻土操作后，翻土组件400移动至上梁浇灌组件300远离栽培装置主体100的一端部；液泵组件600将存储区110内存储的水和液体肥料抽送至上梁浇灌组件300，水和液体肥料经上梁浇灌组件300的边侧以多处喷洒的方式喷流至种植垄140，从而对种植垄140上的大豆和烟草进行浇灌；并且升降驱动部件500驱使前支架200及上梁浇灌组件300上下往复性移动，从而提高上梁浇灌组件300喷洒范围，充分浇灌种植垄140上的大豆或烟草；烟草进行套种时，上梁浇灌组件300向上移动并将大豆的枝叶顶开，避免大豆的枝叶处于种植烟草的种植垄140上部，从而避免大豆枝叶影响烟草的种植。In the embodiment of the present invention, when soybeans or tobacco are planted, the lifting drive component 500 adjusts the height of the front bracket 200 and makes the soil turning component 400 contact the planting ridge 140, starts the soil turning component 400 and moves on the upper beam irrigation component 300, and the soil turning component 400 moving on the upper beam irrigation component 300 turns the soil on the planting ridge 140; it is convenient for the sowing and cultivation of soybeans and tobacco; after the soil turning operation, the soil turning component 400 moves to the end of the upper beam irrigation component 300 away from the main body 100 of the cultivation device; the liquid pump component 600 pumps the water and liquid fertilizer stored in the storage area 110 to the upper beam irrigation component 300 The watering assembly 300 sprays water and liquid fertilizer to the planting ridge 140 in multiple places through the side of the upper beam watering assembly 300, thereby watering the soybeans and tobacco on the planting ridge 140; and the lifting drive component 500 drives the front bracket 200 and the upper beam watering assembly 300 to move up and down reciprocatingly, thereby increasing the spraying range of the upper beam watering assembly 300 and fully watering the soybeans or tobacco on the planting ridge 140; when tobacco is interplanted, the upper beam watering assembly 300 moves upward and pushes away the branches and leaves of the soybean to prevent the branches and leaves of the soybean from being on the upper part of the planting ridge 140 where tobacco is planted, thereby preventing the branches and leaves of the soybean from affecting the planting of tobacco.
在一个实施例中，如图1-图3所示，所述上梁浇灌组件300包括条形梁板310、导流管320、承载滑道340和多个喷液孔330，所述条形梁板310的一端与前支架200顶部固定连接，所述导流管320沿着条形梁板310的长度方向设置且导流管320处于条形梁板310的中线位置，导流管320一端部与液泵组件600相连接，多个喷液孔330以两组的方式分别设在条形梁板310的侧边且喷液孔330与导流管320相连接；所述承载滑道340设在条形梁板310顶部中线处且翻土组件400滑动安装在承载滑道340上；在本发明实施例中，液泵组件600将存储区110内部的水和液体肥料抽送至导流管320内部，水和液体肥料以分流的方式经两组喷液孔330喷出并喷向种植垄140；翻土组件400沿着承载滑道340移动并以旋转的方式翻动种植垄140上的泥土。In one embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the upper beam pouring assembly 300 includes a strip beam plate 310, a guide pipe 320, a bearing slide 340 and a plurality of liquid spray holes 330, one end of the strip beam plate 310 is fixedly connected to the top of the front bracket 200, the guide pipe 320 is arranged along the length direction of the strip beam plate 310 and the guide pipe 320 is located at the center line position of the strip beam plate 310, one end of the guide pipe 320 is connected to the liquid pump assembly 600, and the plurality of liquid spray holes 330 are respectively arranged in two groups on the strip beam plate 310. The side of the liquid spray hole 330 is connected to the guide pipe 320; the bearing slide 340 is arranged at the top center line of the strip beam plate 310 and the soil turning component 400 is slidably installed on the bearing slide 340; in an embodiment of the present invention, the liquid pump component 600 pumps the water and liquid fertilizer inside the storage area 110 into the guide pipe 320, and the water and liquid fertilizer are sprayed out through the two groups of liquid spray holes 330 in a diversion manner and sprayed toward the planting ridge 140; the soil turning component 400 moves along the bearing slide 340 and turns the soil on the planting ridge 140 in a rotational manner.
在一个实施例中，如图1-图3所示，所述承载滑道340靠近存储区110的一端留有余量且翻土组件400能够从承载滑道340留有余量的一端滑出；两组喷液孔330一一对应且相对应的两个喷液孔330的中心线相重合；在本发明实施例中，翻土组件400可以由承载滑道340的一端滑出，进而便于拆卸；如果采用搭架将大豆枝叶托起，可以将杆体插接至相对应的两个喷液孔330内部，多对喷液孔330内均插接杆体，多个杆体能够搭接成一个搭架，从而大豆或烟草的枝叶能够搭在搭架上，避免大豆或烟草的枝叶下垂而接触土壤。In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 1-3, the end of the load-bearing slide 340 close to the storage area 110 has a margin and the soil-turning assembly 400 can slide out from the end of the load-bearing slide 340 with the margin; the two groups of spray holes 330 correspond one to one and the center lines of the two corresponding spray holes 330 coincide with each other; in an embodiment of the present invention, the soil-turning assembly 400 can slide out from one end of the load-bearing slide 340, so as to facilitate disassembly; if a frame is used to lift the soybean branches and leaves, the rod body can be inserted into the corresponding two spray holes 330, and the rod bodies are inserted into multiple pairs of spray holes 330. Multiple rod bodies can be connected to form a frame, so that the branches and leaves of soybeans or tobacco can be placed on the frame to prevent the branches and leaves of soybeans or tobacco from drooping and contacting the soil.
在一个实施例中，如图1-图3所示，所述种植区120远离存储区110的一端外壁上还设置有多个分别与多个上梁浇灌组件300相对应的后承托部800，所述后承托部800包括后支撑杆810、承托块820和连接滑轨830，所述后支撑杆810顶部与条形梁板310远离存储区110的端部固定连接，连接滑轨830固定在种植区120的外壁上且承托块820滑动设在连接滑轨830上，后支撑杆810底部与承托块820相连，所述承载滑道340远离存储区110的一端部具有与之圆弧过渡的延伸部，所述延伸部与承托块820相连接；所述翻土组件400能够滑移至延伸部；在本发明实施例中，承托块820和后支撑杆810能够支撑条形梁板310远离存储区110的端部，增加条形梁板310的强度，翻土组件400滑移至延伸部并由承托块820承托，承托块820可紧固在连接滑轨830上，从而在不使用的情况下，翻土组件400能够被置放在种植区120外侧。In one embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1-3 , a plurality of rear supporting parts 800 corresponding to the plurality of upper beam watering assemblies 300 are further provided on the outer wall of one end of the planting area 120 away from the storage area 110, and the rear supporting part 800 includes a rear support rod 810, a supporting block 820 and a connecting slide rail 830. The top of the rear support rod 810 is fixedly connected to the end of the strip beam plate 310 away from the storage area 110, the connecting slide rail 830 is fixed on the outer wall of the planting area 120 and the supporting block 820 is slidably arranged on the connecting slide rail 830, and the bottom of the rear support rod 810 is connected to the supporting block 820. One end of the load-bearing slide 340 away from the storage area 110 has an extension portion that transitions to a circular arc, and the extension portion is connected to the supporting block 820; the soil-turning assembly 400 can slide to the extension portion; in an embodiment of the present invention, the supporting block 820 and the rear support rod 810 can support the end of the strip beam plate 310 away from the storage area 110, increase the strength of the strip beam plate 310, and the soil-turning assembly 400 slides to the extension portion and is supported by the supporting block 820. The supporting block 820 can be fastened to the connecting slide rail 830, so that when not in use, the soil-turning assembly 400 can be placed outside the planting area 120.
在一个实施例中，如图1-图4所示，所述条形梁板310上端面还设置有两条分别位于承载滑道340两侧的翻动齿条部350，所述翻土组件400包括承载滑座410、转动座420、安装部430、翻动横杆轴440、翻土电机480和翻土部，所述承载滑座410滑扣在承载滑道340上且转动座420设在承载滑座410上，安装部430与转动座420相连接且转动座420能够驱使安装部430旋转，翻动横杆轴440转动设在安装部430上且翻动横杆轴440一端延伸至种植垄140上侧，翻土部设在翻动横杆轴440处于种植垄140上侧的端部且处于转动状态的翻土部用于翻动种植垄140上的泥土，所述翻土电机480设在安装部430上且翻土电机480的输出端与翻动横杆轴440的一端部相连接，所述翻动横杆轴440上设置有移动齿轮470且移动齿轮470能够与翻动齿条部350相啮合；在本发明实施例中，升降驱动部件500调节翻土组件400的高度并使得翻土部与种植垄140上的土壤接触，翻土电机480驱使翻动横杆轴440转动，由于移动齿轮470与翻动齿条部350啮合，可使得整个翻土组件400沿着承载滑道340移动，从而翻土部能够沿着种植垄140移动，翻动横杆轴440还带动翻土部旋转，从而旋转的翻土部翻动种植垄140上的土壤；当承载滑座410移动至承载滑道340的端部时，转动座420驱使安装部430旋转180度，从而翻动横杆轴440、移动齿轮470、翻土电机480和翻土部旋转180度，移动齿轮470与承载滑座410上的另一条翻动齿条部350相啮合且翻土部旋转至另一个种植垄140上侧；再通过翻土电机480驱使翻动横杆轴440转动，从而翻土部能够再次对另一个种植垄140上的土壤进行翻动。In one embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the upper end surface of the strip beam plate 310 is further provided with two turning rack parts 350 respectively located on both sides of the bearing slide 340, and the soil turning assembly 400 includes a bearing slide 410, a rotating seat 420, a mounting part 430, a turning cross bar shaft 440, a soil turning motor 480 and a soil turning part, the bearing slide 410 is buckled on the bearing slide 340 and the rotating seat 420 is arranged on the bearing slide 410, the mounting part 430 is connected to the rotating seat 420 and the rotating seat 420 can drive the mounting part 4 30 rotation, the turning crossbar shaft 440 is rotatably arranged on the mounting portion 430 and one end of the turning crossbar shaft 440 extends to the upper side of the planting ridge 140, the turning part is arranged at the end of the turning crossbar shaft 440 on the upper side of the planting ridge 140 and the turning part in a rotating state is used to turn the soil on the planting ridge 140, the turning motor 480 is arranged on the mounting portion 430 and the output end of the turning motor 480 is connected to one end of the turning crossbar shaft 440, and the turning crossbar shaft 440 is provided with a moving gear 470 and the moving gear 470 can be connected with the turning gear The lifting drive component 500 adjusts the height of the soil turning assembly 400 and makes the soil turning part contact with the soil on the planting ridge 140. The soil turning motor 480 drives the turning cross bar shaft 440 to rotate. Since the moving gear 470 is engaged with the turning rack part 350, the entire soil turning assembly 400 can be moved along the load-bearing slide 340, so that the soil turning part can move along the planting ridge 140. The turning cross bar shaft 440 also drives the soil turning part to rotate, so that the rotating soil turning part turns the soil on the planting ridge 140. When the bearing slide 410 moves to the end of the bearing slide 340, the rotating seat 420 drives the mounting part 430 to rotate 180 degrees, thereby the turning cross bar shaft 440, the moving gear 470, the turning motor 480 and the turning part rotate 180 degrees, the moving gear 470 is engaged with another turning rack part 350 on the bearing slide 410 and the turning part rotates to the upper side of another planting ridge 140; then the turning cross bar shaft 440 is driven to rotate by the turning motor 480, so that the turning part can turn the soil on another planting ridge 140 again.
在一个实施例中，如图1-图4所示，所述翻土部包括两个连接圆盘450和多个翻土耙齿460，两个连接圆盘450相对设在翻动横杆轴440上，多个翻土耙齿460周向分布在翻动横杆轴440的外侧且翻土耙齿460的两端分别与两个连接圆盘450转动连接；在本发明实施例中，随着翻动部的旋转，多个翻土耙齿460能够轮流对种植垄140上的土壤进行翻动，提高土壤翻动的充分性。In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 to 4, the soil-turning part includes two connecting discs 450 and a plurality of soil-turning rake teeth 460, the two connecting discs 450 are relatively arranged on the turning cross bar shaft 440, the plurality of soil-turning rake teeth 460 are circumferentially distributed on the outside of the turning cross bar shaft 440, and the two ends of the soil-turning rake teeth 460 are rotatably connected to the two connecting discs 450 respectively; in the embodiment of the present invention, with the rotation of the turning part, the plurality of soil-turning rake teeth 460 can turn the soil on the planting ridge 140 in turn, thereby improving the adequacy of soil turning.
在一个实施例中，如图1、图2、图3和图5所示，所述液泵组件600包括吊管610和液泵620，所述液泵620处于存储区110内部并用于抽取存储区110内部的水和液体肥料，所述吊管610一端与上梁浇灌组件300相连接；在本发明实施例中，液泵620将存储区110内部的水和液体肥料经吊管610输送至导流管320内部。In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 1, 2, 3 and 5, the liquid pump assembly 600 includes a hanging pipe 610 and a liquid pump 620. The liquid pump 620 is located inside the storage area 110 and is used to extract water and liquid fertilizer from the storage area 110. One end of the hanging pipe 610 is connected to the upper beam watering assembly 300. In this embodiment of the present invention, the liquid pump 620 transports the water and liquid fertilizer from the storage area 110 to the inside of the guide pipe 320 via the hanging pipe 610.
在一个实施例中，如图1、图2、图3和图5所示，所述吊管610与上梁浇灌组件300相连接的端部呈水平状态，所述升降驱动部件500包括杆轴部510和调节电机550，所述杆轴部510端部转动设在隔板130上且杆轴部510上设置有多对螺旋部520，处于一对的两个螺旋部520螺旋方向相反，每个螺旋部520上均设置有能够在隔板130上滑动的螺旋座530，螺旋座530上设有一端与之铰接的推拉调节杆540且推拉调节杆540远离螺旋座530的端部与吊管610连接上梁浇灌组件300的端部转动连接，调节电机550设在隔板130上且调节电机550的输出端与杆轴部510的一端部相连接；在本发明实施例中，调节电机550驱使杆轴部510转动且转动的杆轴部510通过螺旋部520与螺旋座530的螺旋配合使得处于一对的两个螺旋座530相互靠近或远离，两个靠近或远离的螺旋座530通过推拉调节杆540推拉吊管610，使得吊管610升降，从而调节插槽700和上梁浇灌组件300的高度。In one embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 3 and 5, the end of the hanging pipe 610 connected to the upper beam pouring assembly 300 is in a horizontal state, and the lifting drive component 500 includes a rod shaft portion 510 and an adjusting motor 550, the end of the rod shaft portion 510 is rotatably arranged on the partition 130, and a plurality of pairs of spiral portions 520 are arranged on the rod shaft portion 510, and the spiral directions of the two spiral portions 520 in a pair are opposite, and each spiral portion 520 is provided with a spiral seat 530 that can slide on the partition 130, and the spiral seat 530 is provided with a push-pull adjustment rod 540 with one end hinged thereto, and the push-pull adjustment rod 540 is away from the spiral seat 530. The end portion is connected to the end portion of the upper beam pouring assembly 300 and is rotatably connected thereto. The adjusting motor 550 is disposed on the partition 130 and the output end of the adjusting motor 550 is connected to one end portion of the rod shaft portion 510. In an embodiment of the present invention, the adjusting motor 550 drives the rod shaft portion 510 to rotate and the rotating rod shaft portion 510 is spirally matched with the spiral portion 520 and the spiral seat 530 so that two spiral seats 530 in a pair are close to or away from each other. The two spiral seats 530 that are close to or away from each other push and pull the hanging pipe 610 through the push-pull adjusting rod 540, so that the hanging pipe 610 is raised and lowered, thereby adjusting the height of the slot 700 and the upper beam pouring assembly 300.
上述实施例提供了一种烟草套种大豆的栽培装置，其中，当大豆或烟草种植时，升降驱动部件500调节前支架200的高度并使得翻土组件400接触种植垄140，启动翻土组件400且翻土组件400在上梁浇灌组件300上移动，在上梁浇灌组件300上移动的翻土组件400对种植垄140进行翻土操作；便于大豆和烟草的播种和栽培；翻土操作后，翻土组件400移动至上梁浇灌组件300远离栽培装置主体100的一端部；液泵组件600将存储区110内存储的水和液体肥料抽送至上梁浇灌组件300，水和液体肥料经上梁浇灌组件300的边侧以多处喷洒的方式喷流至种植垄140，从而对种植垄140上的大豆和烟草进行浇灌；并且升降驱动部件500驱使前支架200及上梁浇灌组件300上下往复性移动，从而提高上梁浇灌组件300喷洒范围，充分浇灌种植垄140上的大豆或烟草；烟草进行套种时，上梁浇灌组件300向上移动并将大豆的枝叶顶开，避免大豆的枝叶处于种植烟草的种植垄140上部，从而避免大豆枝叶影响烟草的种植。The above embodiment provides a cultivation device for interplanting tobacco with soybeans, wherein, when soybeans or tobacco are planted, the lifting drive component 500 adjusts the height of the front bracket 200 and makes the soil turning component 400 contact the planting ridge 140, the soil turning component 400 is started and moves on the upper beam irrigation component 300, and the soil turning component 400 moving on the upper beam irrigation component 300 performs soil turning operation on the planting ridge 140, which is convenient for sowing and cultivation of soybeans and tobacco; after the soil turning operation, the soil turning component 400 moves to one end of the upper beam irrigation component 300 away from the cultivation device body 100; the liquid pump component 600 pumps the water and liquid stored in the storage area 110 into the soil. The liquid fertilizer is pumped to the upper beam irrigation assembly 300, and the water and liquid fertilizer are sprayed to the planting ridge 140 in multiple spraying ways through the side of the upper beam irrigation assembly 300, so as to irrigate the soybeans and tobacco on the planting ridge 140; and the lifting drive component 500 drives the front bracket 200 and the upper beam irrigation assembly 300 to move up and down reciprocatingly, so as to increase the spraying range of the upper beam irrigation assembly 300 and fully irrigate the soybeans or tobacco on the planting ridge 140; when tobacco is interplanted, the upper beam irrigation assembly 300 moves upward and pushes away the branches and leaves of the soybean to prevent the branches and leaves of the soybean from being on the upper part of the planting ridge 140 where tobacco is planted, so as to prevent the branches and leaves of the soybean from affecting the planting of tobacco.
以上所述，仅为本公开的具体实施方式，但本公开的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本公开揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本公开的保护范围之内。因此，本公开的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。The above is only a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, but the protection scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present disclosure, which should be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present disclosure should be based on the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (4)
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