CN117751942A - Pesticide-fertilizer composition, pesticide-fertilizer seed coating agent and application thereof - Google Patents
Pesticide-fertilizer composition, pesticide-fertilizer seed coating agent and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117751942A CN117751942A CN202311870862.5A CN202311870862A CN117751942A CN 117751942 A CN117751942 A CN 117751942A CN 202311870862 A CN202311870862 A CN 202311870862A CN 117751942 A CN117751942 A CN 117751942A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation and planting of plant pesticide fertilizers, and particularly relates to a pesticide fertilizer composition, a pesticide fertilizer seed coating agent and application thereof. The pesticide fertilizer composition consists of biological regulators paclobutrazol and compound sodium nitrophenolate, bactericides difenoconazole and fludioxonil, pesticide thiamethoxam and trace element EDTA-chelated manganese according to a certain mass ratio, so that comprehensiveness of combination compatibility of the pesticide and the fertilizer is reflected, the effects of improving the emergence rate and the seedling rate of wheat on the basis of reducing seed consumption and fertilizing amount are achieved, the fertilizer utilization efficiency is improved, the input cost of wheat seeds is reduced, and the cost saving and the synergy are remarkable; meanwhile, the quality of wheat seedlings can be increased, various physiological indexes of the wheat are improved, so that the tillers of the wheat are increased, the jointing is quick, the photosynthesis of leaves is strong, the stress resistance of the wheat is further enhanced, the harm of diseases and insects is prevented, the yield and efficiency are increased, and the problems of weak vigor, low emergence rate and low seedling rate of seeds under the condition of late sowing and late sowing in the prior art are effectively solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation and planting of plant pesticide fertilizers, and particularly relates to a pesticide fertilizer composition, a pesticide fertilizer seed coating agent and application thereof.
Background
Rice and wheat double cropping is the main planting mode of crops in the middle and downstream regions of Yangtze river. In recent years, due to the wide application of late-maturing japonica rice and direct seeding rice, enough effective light temperature resources must be accumulated for rice to obtain high yield, and the growth period of the rice is correspondingly delayed. The rice variety has delayed growth period and late crop, which causes the phenomena of late sowing, late sowing and the like of rice wheat, and influences the proper-period sowing of wheat, which becomes a main obstacle for obtaining stable and high yield of winter wheat at present. At present, the rice stubble wheat is suitable for sowing at a proper period, seeds sowed later are easy to have the following problems in the aspects of emergence, seedling formation and the like due to the change of climate and environment: (1) weak seed vigor: the temperature is low during the emergence period of wheat, the germination vigor of seeds is weak, so that the germination rate is poor, and the emergence is irregular; (2) soil moisture content problem: the autumn drought frequent occurrence is easy to occur in part of areas with late sowing and late sowing due to the rotation problem, the seedling emergence is affected, and the drought, the seedling lack and the ridge breakage are serious; (3) pest and disease damage problem: along with the general popularization of straw returning technology, diseases such as smut and the like have a trend of aggravating, and in recent years, the damage of soil-borne diseases and insects (mole cricket, grubs, flammules and the like) is aggravated, so that wheat seedlings are damaged; (4) seedling problem: in order to ensure the emergence rate and the seedling rate of wheat seeds, the sowing quantity of wheat in production is often increased, so that the sowing population is larger, the individual quality of wheat seedlings is weaker, and the wheat seedlings are easy to lodge in the later period. The above problems seriously affect the stable yield and high yield of rice stubble wheat, especially late-sowing and late-sowing wheat.
In order to ensure the quality of the population, the production is often regulated by increasing the seed consumption and applying various base fertilizers, and the seed consumption of the wheat in some areas reaches 400kghm -2 Even higher, the nitrogen fertilizer is used as the base fertilizer application amountThen reach 300kg hm -2 The high seed consumption and the nitrogen fertilizer input bring about high production cost, the utilization rate of the fertilizer is reduced, and the pollution of agricultural non-point sources is increased. In addition, in different areas, due to factors such as soil, cultivation modes and the like, the wheat seeds generally have the production problems of low seedling emergence rate, weak and weak seedlings, serious diseases and the like, the whole quality of the seedlings is weak, strong seedlings are difficult to enter winter, a series of adverse effects are brought to overwintering and later growth of the wheat, and therefore the yield and quality are finally influenced. In the production of winter wheat suitable for sowing and late sowing, how to cultivate robust individuals and groups in the seedling stage improves the quality of the groups in the seedling stage, and is a hot problem of research on the high-yield stress-resistant cultivation technology and method of wheat in rice stubble at present. Although researches show that the problem of late sowing and freezing injury of wheat can be relieved to a certain extent through treatment of an exogenous regulator, an effective solution approach for solving the problem of the vitality of the late sowing and late sowing wheat seeds is still lacking at present.
The seed coating agent is a composite fertilizer and pesticide material coated on the surface of seeds, mainly comprises pesticides, bactericides, trace fertilizers, plant growth regulators and the like, has obvious forward promotion effect on crop growth, especially in the seedling stage, and is more reported on crops such as rice, corn and the like. The existing research on the application of rice related seed coating agents shows that although the forward promotion effect varies with the variety type (genotype), the carbon and nitrogen absorption capacity of seedling plants and the content of plant soluble proteins and the like can be obviously improved in different cultivation modes, tillering and dry matter accumulation are promoted, and a foundation is laid for the construction of later-period high-yield and high-quality populations. Therefore, the invention not only can enhance the activity of seeds and increase the emergence rate and the seedling rate, but also can improve the nitrogen absorption and utilization of the novel wheat mixed seed coating agent and the matched materialization technology thereof by selecting improved varieties and increasing the seed consumption.
In the prior art, some related technologies for enhancing the vigor of seeds, increasing the emergence rate, increasing the seedling formation rate and the like exist, for example, CN202211462585.X discloses a method for promoting growth and strengthening seedlings of wheat seeds and spraying in a seedling stage through a nano silicon suspending agent, CN201510110588.0 discloses a method for sowing all seedlings and strengthening seedlings of wheat in a soil moisture state of straw returning wheat fields in North China, CN201910538861.8 discloses a wheat sowing machine and a planting method with the functions of improving the emergence rate and strengthening seedlings, and CN202011016780.0 discloses a compound agent for rooting, strengthening seedlings and promoting tillering of wheat. However, the above-mentioned patent only aims at improving the seedling emergence method in the wheat seed planting process, including measures such as soil change, fertilizer type collocation, slow release fertilizer use, matching of agricultural machinery, etc., and solves the whole seedling and strong seedling in a certain specific aspect to a certain extent, but lacks corresponding technology and method in aspects of promoting the seed vigor, improving the seedling emergence rate and the seedling emergence rate for the rice stubble wheat in the proper sowing period, especially for the late sowing and late sowing wheat in the middle and downstream regions of Yangtze river.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a pesticide-fertilizer composition, a pesticide-fertilizer seed coating agent and application thereof, wherein the pesticide-fertilizer composition can effectively improve the emergence rate and the seedling rate of wheat, improve the quality of wheat seedlings, strengthen the stress resistance of the wheat, achieve the effect of increasing yield and efficiency, and is particularly obvious on late-sowed wheat and late-sowed wheat, and effectively solve the problem of increased seed consumption and fertilizer application caused by late sowing and late sowing.
The invention provides a pesticide fertilizer composition which comprises the following components in parts by mass:
0.1-0.15 part of paclobutrazol, 0.2-0.25 part of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 2.2-2.5 parts of difenoconazole, 2.2-2.5 parts of fludioxonil, 22.6-22.8 parts of thiamethoxam and 1-1.5 parts of EDTA-chelated manganese.
The invention also provides application of the pesticide-fertilizer composition in a seed coating agent.
Preferably, the seed coating agent is a liquid seed coating agent.
The invention also provides a liquid seed coating agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.1 to 0.15 percent of paclobutrazol, 0.2 to 0.25 percent of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 2.2 to 2.5 percent of difenoconazole, 2.2 to 2.5 percent of fludioxonil, 22.6 to 22.8 percent of thiamethoxam and 1 to 1.5 percent of EDTA-chelated manganese.
Preferably, the liquid system of the liquid seed coating agent is water.
The invention also provides application of the medical fertilizer composition or the liquid seed coating agent in one or more of improving the emergence rate of wheat, improving the seedling rate of wheat, improving the stress resistance of wheat and improving the yield of wheat.
Preferably, the wheat comprises a suitable wheat, a late wheat or a late wheat.
The invention also provides an application method of the liquid seed coating agent in wheat, which comprises the following steps:
coating the wheat seeds with a liquid seed coating agent to obtain coated wheat seeds;
sowing the coated wheat seeds;
preferably, in the coating process, the mass ratio of the liquid seed coating agent to the wheat seeds is 1:90-120.
Preferably, the wheat comprises suitable wheat, late wheat or late wheat; the seed quantity of the wheat suitable for sowing is 15-20 jin/mu, the seed quantity of the wheat late sowing is 20-30 jin/mu, and the seed quantity of the wheat late sowing is 35-45 jin/mu.
The beneficial effects are that:
the invention provides a pesticide fertilizer composition which comprises the following components in parts by mass: 0.1-0.15 part of paclobutrazol, 0.2-0.25 part of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 2.2-2.5 parts of difenoconazole, 2.2-2.5 parts of fludioxonil, 22.6-22.8 parts of thiamethoxam and 1-1.5 parts of EDTA-chelated manganese. The pesticide fertilizer composition consists of biological regulators paclobutrazol and compound sodium nitrophenolate, bactericides difenoconazole and fludioxonil, pesticide thiamethoxam and trace element EDTA-chelated manganese according to a certain mass ratio, so that the comprehensiveness of combination compatibility of the pesticide and the fertilizer is reflected, the effects of improving the emergence rate and the seedling rate of wheat on the basis of reducing the seed consumption and the fertilizing amount are achieved, the fertilizer utilization efficiency is improved, the input cost of wheat seeds is reduced, and the cost saving and the synergy are remarkable; meanwhile, the quality of wheat seedlings can be increased, various physiological indexes of the wheat are improved, so that the wheat tillers are increased, the jointing is rapid, the photosynthesis of leaves is strong, the stress resistance of the wheat is further enhanced, the harm of diseases and insects is prevented, the yield and efficiency are improved, and the problems of weak vitality, low emergence rate and low seedling rate under the late sowing condition in the prior art are effectively solved.
On the basis, the medical fertilizer composition is used in the form of a seed coating, so that the effects of the medical composition are achieved, the use method of the medical composition is simplified, the method is simple and clear, easy to master, and high in operability.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a pesticide fertilizer composition which comprises the following components in parts by mass:
0.1-0.15 part of paclobutrazol, 0.2-0.25 part of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 2.2-2.5 parts of difenoconazole, 2.2-2.5 parts of fludioxonil, 22.6-22.8 parts of thiamethoxam and 1-1.5 parts of EDTA-chelated manganese.
The pesticide-fertilizer composition comprises 0.1-0.15 part of paclobutrazol, preferably 0.12 part of paclobutrazol by mass part.
Based on the parts by weight of paclobutrazol, the medical fertilizer composition comprises 0.2-0.25 part of compound sodium nitrophenolate, and preferably 0.22 part. The paclobutrazol and the compound sodium nitrophenolate are growth regulators in the medical fertilizer composition, and have the effect of strengthening roots.
Based on the parts by weight of paclobutrazol, the pesticide fertilizer composition comprises 2.2-2.5 parts of difenoconazole, and preferably 2.3-2.4 parts of difenoconazole.
Based on the parts by weight of paclobutrazol, the medical fertilizer composition comprises 2.2-2.5 parts of fludioxonil, and preferably 2.3-2.4 parts. The difenoconazole and fludioxonil are bactericides in the pesticide fertilizer composition, and have obvious removal effect on the stinking smut and seedling stage banded sclerotial blight.
Based on the parts by weight of paclobutrazol, the pesticide-fertilizer composition comprises 22.6-22.8 parts of thiamethoxam, and preferably 22.7 parts of thiamethoxam. The thiamethoxam is an insecticide in the pesticide fertilizer composition, and can effectively remove underground flammulina velutipes.
Based on the parts by weight of paclobutrazol, the medical fertilizer composition comprises 1-1.5 parts of EDTA-chelated manganese, and preferably 1.2 parts. The trace element fertilizer EDTA-chelated manganese has the function of promoting the rapid germination of seeds.
The pesticide-fertilizer composition comprises a growth regulator, a bactericide, an insecticide and a micro-fertilizer, and achieves the effects of improving the emergence rate and the seedling rate of wheat on the basis of reducing the seed consumption and the fertilizing amount by compatibility of the pesticide and the micro-fertilizer, improves the utilization efficiency of the fertilizer, reduces the input cost of wheat seeds, and has remarkable cost saving and synergy; meanwhile, the quality of wheat seedlings can be increased, various physiological indexes of the wheat are improved, so that the tillers of the wheat are increased, the jointing is quick, the photosynthesis of leaves is strong, the stress resistance of the wheat is further enhanced, the harm of diseases and insects is prevented, the yield and efficiency are increased, and the problems of weak vigor, low emergence rate and low seedling rate of seeds under the condition of late sowing and late sowing in the prior art are effectively solved.
The invention also provides application of the pesticide-fertilizer composition in seed coating agent, and more preferably liquid seed coating agent.
The invention also provides a liquid seed coating agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.1 to 0.15 percent of paclobutrazol, 0.2 to 0.25 percent of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 2.2 to 2.5 percent of difenoconazole, 2.2 to 2.5 percent of fludioxonil, 22.6 to 22.8 percent of thiamethoxam and 1 to 1.5 percent of EDTA-chelated manganese.
The liquid system of the liquid seed coating agent of the present invention is preferably water.
The liquid seed coating agent comprises 0.1-0.15% of paclobutrazol, preferably 0.12% by mass percent; the liquid seed coating agent comprises 0.2-0.25% of compound sodium nitrophenolate, preferably 0.22%; the liquid seed coating agent comprises 2.2-2.5% of difenoconazole, preferably 2.3-2.4%; the liquid seed coating agent comprises 2.2-2.5% of fludioxonil, preferably 2.3-2.4%; the liquid seed coating agent comprises 22.6-22.8% thiamethoxam, preferably 22.7%; the liquid seed coating agent comprises 1-1.5% of EDTA-chelated manganese, and preferably 1.2%. The effective component in the EDTA-chelated manganese is preferably chelated manganese; the effective content of manganese in the EDTA-chelated manganese is preferably more than or equal to 12.9 percent. The preparation method of the EDTA-chelated manganese is not particularly limited, and the EDTA-chelated manganese can be prepared by adopting a conventional preparation method in the field or can be purchased through a conventional commercial channel.
The preparation method of the liquid seed coating agent is not particularly limited, and paclobutrazol, compound sodium nitrophenolate, difenoconazole, fludioxonil, thiamethoxam and trace fertilizer are dissolved in a liquid system, and more preferably dissolved in water.
The invention uses the medicinal fertilizer composition in the form of seed coating, and simplifies the use method of the medicinal composition while achieving the effects of the medicinal composition, and the method is simple and clear, easy to master and strong in operability.
Based on the advantages, the invention also provides the application of the medical fertilizer composition or the liquid seed coating agent in one or more of improving the wheat emergence rate, improving the wheat yield, improving the wheat stress resistance and improving the wheat yield, and more preferably the application in improving the wheat emergence rate, improving the wheat yield, improving the wheat stress resistance and improving the wheat yield. The improvement of the stress resistance of the wheat preferably comprises the improvement of one or more of the disease resistance, the insect resistance or the lodging resistance of the wheat, more preferably the improvement of the disease resistance, the insect resistance or the lodging resistance of the wheat. The wheat according to the invention preferably comprises suitable, late-or late-sowing wheat, more preferably late-or late-sowing wheat. The wheat suitable for sowing, the wheat late for sowing and the wheat late for sowing can be classified conventionally by a person skilled in the art according to local climatic conditions, for example, in the middle and downstream regions of the Yangtze river of China, the wheat suitable for sowing is 10 months 15-10 months 30 days each year, and the wheat sowed in the period is the wheat suitable for sowing; the wheat is sown in a late sowing period of the wheat from 1 month to 11 months and 15 days, and the wheat sown in the late sowing period is the late sowing wheat; the period of late sowing of wheat is 15 days after 11 months, and the wheat sown in the period is the late sowing wheat.
The invention also provides an application method of the liquid seed coating agent in wheat, which comprises the following steps:
coating the wheat seeds with a liquid seed coating agent to obtain coated wheat seeds;
sowing the coated wheat seeds.
The invention uses liquid seed coating agent to coat the wheat seeds to obtain the coated wheat seeds. In the coating process of the present invention, the mass ratio of the liquid seed coating agent to the wheat seeds is preferably 1:90-120, more preferably 1:100. The coating according to the invention preferably comprises an artificial coating or a liquid coating; the specific process of the coating is not particularly limited, and may be performed according to conventional procedures in the art. The wheat seeds are preferably wheat seeds with the germination rate of more than 90 percent, so that seeds which have genetic defects and cannot normally sprout are removed, and the quality of wheat seedlings is ensured.
After the coated wheat seeds are obtained, the invention sows the coated wheat seeds. In the present invention, the wheat preferably includes a suitable wheat, a late wheat or a late wheat; the seed quantity of the wheat suitable for sowing is 15-20 jin/mu, the seed quantity of the wheat late sowing is 20-30 jin/mu, and the seed quantity of the wheat late sowing is 35-45 jin/mu. The seeding method is not particularly limited, and the seeding method can be a method well known in the art, such as drill seeding and the like.
The application method of the invention preferably further comprises fertilization before sowing, wherein the fertilizer for fertilization comprises urea and a compound fertilizer, and the application amount of the urea is preferably 8-12 kg/mu, more preferably 10 kg/mu; the application amount of the compound fertilizer is preferably 20-30 kg/mu, more preferably 20 kg/mu; the mass ratio of N, P to K in the compound fertilizer is preferably 15:15:15. When the wheat stubble is rice, the invention preferably further comprises rotary tillage and chopping of the rice stubble during soil preparation, and the length of the chopped rice stubble is preferably below 15cm, more preferably 8-10cm.
The application method of the invention preferably further comprises compacting after sowing, and the compacting degree is preferably adjusted according to soil moisture.
The application method of the pesticide-fertilizer composition or the liquid seed coating agent can effectively improve the activity of seeds, improve the emergence rate and the seedling rate of wheat seeds, effectively reduce the dosage of the wheat seeds, reduce the seed cost, reduce the application amount of base fertilizer, save cost and enhance efficiency.
The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with examples for further illustrating the present invention, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Unless otherwise specified, the components in the liquid seed coating agent of the present invention described below were all commercially available from conventional sources, and the manganese content in EDTA-chelated manganese in the following examples and comparative examples was 12.9%.
Example 1
A liquid seed coating agent is prepared by dissolving the following components in water:
the concentration of paclobutrazol is 0.12%, the concentration of compound sodium nitrophenolate is 0.22%, the concentration of difenoconazole is 2.2%, the concentration of fludioxonil is 2.2%, the concentration of thiamethoxam is 22.6% and the concentration of EDTA-chelated manganese is 1.2%.
Example 2
A liquid seed coating agent is prepared by dissolving the following components in water:
the concentration of paclobutrazol is 0.1%, the concentration of compound sodium nitrophenolate is 0.2%, the concentration of difenoconazole is 2.2%, the concentration of fludioxonil is 2.2%, the concentration of thiamethoxam is 22.6% and the concentration of EDTA-chelated manganese is 1%.
Example 3
The difference from the liquid seed coating formulation of example 1 was that the compound sodium nitrophenolate concentration was 0.20%.
Example 4
The difference from the liquid seed coating formulation of example 1 was that the compound sodium nitrophenolate concentration was 0.25%.
Example 5
The difference from the liquid seed coating formulation of example 2 was that the EDTA-chelated manganese concentration was 1.5%.
Example 6
The difference from the liquid seed coating agent in example 1 is that the concentration of difenoconazole is 2.5% and the concentration of fludioxonil is 2.5%.
Example 7
The difference from the liquid seed coating formulation of example 2 was that the thiamethoxam concentration was 22.8%.
Comparative example 1
The difference from the liquid seed coating formulation of example 1 is the replacement of paclobutrazol with uniconazole.
Comparative example 2
The difference from the liquid seed coating formulation of example 2 is the replacement of paclobutrazol with uniconazole.
Comparative example 3
The difference from the liquid seed coating formulation of example 1 was that the compound sodium nitrophenolate concentration was 0.30%.
Comparative example 4
The difference from the liquid seed coating formulation of example 1 was that the compound sodium nitrophenolate concentration was 0.35%.
Comparative example 5
The difference from the liquid seed coating formulation of example 1 was that the compound sodium nitrophenolate concentration was 0.10%.
Comparative example 6
The difference from the liquid seed coating formulation of example 1 was that the compound sodium nitrophenolate concentration was 0.15%.
Comparative example 7
The difference from the liquid seed coating formulation of example 2 was that the EDTA-chelated manganese concentration was 0.2%.
Comparative example 8
The difference from the liquid seed coating formulation of example 2 was that the EDTA-chelated manganese concentration was 0.5%.
Comparative example 9
The difference from the liquid seed coating formulation of example 2 was that the EDTA-chelated manganese concentration was 2.0%.
Comparative example 10
The difference from the liquid seed coating formulation of example 2 was that the EDTA-chelated manganese concentration was 2.3%.
Comparative example 11
The difference from the liquid seed coating formulation of example 1 is that difenoconazole and fludioxonil are not contained.
Comparative example 12
The difference from the liquid seed coating agent in example 1 is that difenoconazole is not contained, and the concentration of fludioxonil is 1.5%.
Comparative example 13
The difference from the liquid seed coating agent in example 1 is that the difenoconazole concentration is 1.5%, and fludioxonil is not contained.
Comparative example 14
The difference from the liquid seed coating agent in example 1 is that the concentration of difenoconazole is 1.5% and the concentration of fludioxonil is 1.5%.
Comparative example 15
The difference from the liquid seed coating agent in example 1 is that the concentration of difenoconazole is 2.0% and the concentration of fludioxonil is 2.0%.
Comparative example 16
The difference from the liquid seed coating agent in example 1 is that the concentration of difenoconazole is 2.8%, and the concentration of fludioxonil is 2.8%.
Comparative example 17
The difference from the liquid seed coating agent in example 1 is that the difenoconazole concentration is 3.0% and the fludioxonil concentration is 3.0%.
Comparative example 18
The difference from the liquid seed coating formulation of example 2 was that thiamethoxam was absent.
Comparative example 19
The difference from the liquid seed coating formulation of example 2 was that the thiamethoxam concentration was 18.6%.
Comparative example 20
The difference from the liquid seed coating formulation of example 2 was that the thiamethoxam concentration was 18.8%.
Comparative example 21
The difference from the liquid seed coating formulation of example 2 was that the thiamethoxam concentration was 20.0%.
Comparative example 22
The difference from the liquid seed coating formulation of example 2 was that the thiamethoxam concentration was 20.2%.
Comparative example 23
The difference from the liquid seed coating formulation of example 2 was that the thiamethoxam concentration was 22.4%.
Comparative example 24
The difference from the liquid seed coating formulation of example 2 was that the thiamethoxam concentration was 23.0%.
Comparative example 25
The difference from the liquid seed coating formulation of example 2 was that the thiamethoxam concentration was 23.2%.
In the following application examples 1 to 10, the respective indexes were investigated and sampled at multiple points, and the average value was calculated, specifically 10 sampling points, each of which was biologically repeated 3 times.
Application example 1
1. Seed preparation
Screening Yangmai 23 with seed water content of about 13% and germination rate of 92% or above.
2. Seed coating
360 kg of wheat seeds were coated according to the mass ratio of seed coating agent to seeds of 1:100 in example 1, specifically: 3600mL of the liquid seed coating agent in example 1 was taken, and the surface of wheat seeds was sprayed with a sprayer until the seeds were uniformly coated with the seed coating agent, thereby obtaining coated seeds.
3. Comparing the emergence and growth conditions of the coated seeds under different culture conditions
1) And (3) carrying out a seedling emergence test on the coated seeds in the step (2) in an incubator, wherein the specific steps are as follows: the process is carried out in culture dishes, 20 seeds which are uniformly coated are added in each culture dish, the same proper amount of water is respectively added in 5 days, 10 days and 20 days after coating, the temperature of an incubator is controlled at 25 ℃, the illumination is carried out for 12 hours, and the emergence rates of wheat are respectively investigated in 7 th day, 12 th day and 21 th day and are marked as coating treatment. The same variety of uncoated wheat was subjected to a seedling emergence test under the same conditions and noted as uncoated.
2) Culturing the coated seeds in the step 2 in an indoor nutrition pot, wherein the specific steps are as follows: filling soil in a nutrition pot with the diameter of 18cm and the height of 30cm, sowing seeds after the soil is watered thoroughly, and culturing under indoor normal temperature (25-28 ℃). The same variety of uncoated wheat was subjected to a seedling emergence test under the same conditions and noted as uncoated.
3) 2020-2021, in the experimental foundation of Wanfu province of the Shanghai in Yangzhou city of Jiangsu, setting 18 mu of wheat stubble, coating treatment and non-coating treatment, planting 9 mu of wheat, randomly arranging granules, and the variety being Yangmai 23, wherein the specific operation of each step of flow is as follows:
and (3) sowing and planting management in a field according to the conventional normal mechanical sowing in the field, wherein the seed consumption of the field per mu is 20 kg, and the sowing date is 11 months and 10 days.
4. Results of field application
1) The wheat emergence rates were investigated on days 7, 12 and 21 after sowing, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 influence of different cultivation conditions on wheat seed emergence
Note that: the data are averages and the different lower case letters represent significant differences in treatment at the 0.05 level, with the following tables being identical.
From table 1, it can be derived that: after the coated seeds and the uncoated seeds are sown in the incubator, the indoor nutrition pot and the outdoor field, the emergence time of the coating treatment is similar to that of the uncoated seeds, but the emergence rate of the coating treatment is obviously improved compared with that of the uncoated seeds, wherein the emergence rates of the coating treatment are respectively improved by 2.1%, 4.4% and 10.9% in the incubator, the indoor nutrition pot and the outdoor field environment.
2) The damage of the outdoor field wheat by the plant diseases and insect pests was examined, and the results are shown in table 2.
Table 2 wheat pest hazard investigation
From table 2, it can be derived that: compared with the uncoated treatment, the damage rate of soil insects in the seedling stage of the coated treatment is reduced by 90.6%, the incidence rate of banded sclerotial blight is reduced by 85.3%, and no smut is found in the mature stage.
3) The plant height, basal 1 st, 2 nd, 3 rd internode length of outdoor field wheat were examined during the mature period of wheat, and the results are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 wheat plant height, basal 1 st, 2 nd, 3 rd internode length investigation results
From table 3, it can be derived that: the coated wheat has a slightly lower plant height than the uncoated wheat in the mature period, and has shorter basal 1 st, 2 nd and 3 rd internode lengths than the uncoated control, and increased lodging resistance.
4) The yield of outdoor field wheat was investigated during the mature period of wheat and the results are shown in table 4.
Table 4 wheat yield investigation
From table 4, it can be derived that: compared with the uncoated wheat, the effective spike of the coated wheat is increased by 7.4 percent compared with the uncoated wheat, the grain number of each spike is increased by 3.4 percent, the thousand grain weight is slightly lower, and the theoretical yield and the actual yield are respectively improved by 10.6 percent and 10.2 percent, which shows that the yield of the wheat can be improved by treating the seeds with the liquid coating agent.
Application example 2
1) The seed coating treatment and the uncoated seed period of application example 1 were adjusted in the planting environment in step 3) of application example 1, and the emergence rate was investigated 15 days after sowing, and the results are shown in table 5.
TABLE 5 influence of different sowing periods on emergence rate in outdoor field environments
As can be seen from table 5, the emergence rate of the coated treatment was significantly improved over the uncoated treatment under the same sowing period; under the same treatment condition, the seedling emergence rates of the late-sowing wheat and the late-sowing wheat are not obviously different from the seedling emergence rate of the wheat suitable for sowing, which indicates that the liquid seed coating agent in the embodiment can solve the problem of low seedling emergence rates of the late-sowing wheat and the late-sowing wheat.
2) Seedling test is carried out under the environmental conditions of the incubator in the step 3 and the step 2) in the application example 1, and the specific steps are as follows: the coated seeds of application example 1 were cultured in an incubator for 10 days, 30 days and 60 days after coating, and the same appropriate amount of water was supplemented for 5 days, 10 days, 20 days, 30 days, 40 days, 50 days and 60 days, respectively, and recorded as coating treatment; culturing the wheat seeds of the same variety which are not coated under the same condition, and marking as uncoated; the emergence is shown in Table 6.
TABLE 6 influence of different coating times on the emergence rate
From table 6, it can be derived that: under the same treatment, the emergence rates of the coated seeds with different storage times are not obviously different, so that the coated seeds are longer in storage time.
3) 100g of the coated seeds of application example 1 were sufficiently immersed in water, and the water absorption amounts of the coated seeds were measured at 16, 20 and 24 hours of immersion, respectively, and recorded as coating treatment; the same seed without coating is used as a control and marked as uncoated treatment; the results are shown in Table 7.
TABLE 7 Water absorption Rate of coated seeds
As can be seen from table 7: under the conditions of 16h, 20h and 24h of water absorption, the water absorption of the coating treatment is respectively increased by 1.1g, 1.2g and 1.4g compared with that of the non-coating treatment, so that the coated seeds can form a water absorption layer after coating, and the water absorption layer can meet the requirement of the seeds on moisture in the early development stage and is favorable for germination.
4) 500g of the coated seed of application example 1 was oscillated on an oscillator at a frequency of 100 times/min for 30min and 60min, respectively, and the results are shown in Table 8.
TABLE 8 coating layer falling off after liquid seed coating agent coating
From table 8, it can be derived that: under the conditions of shaking for 30min and 60min, the coating layers of 500g of the coated seeds respectively fall off by 0.11 g and 0.13 g, and the falling rates of the coating layers are respectively 2.2% and 2.6%, which indicates that the coating layers of the coated seeds in the embodiment are very firm.
Application example 3
1. Seed preparation
Screening Yangmai 26 with seed water content of about 13% and germination rate of above 91%.
2. Seed coating
480 kg of wheat seeds are coated according to the mass ratio of seed coating agent to seeds of 1:100, and the specific steps are: soaking wheat seeds in water, taking out, spin-drying, and dressing, taking 4800mL of the mixed seed dressing agent in the embodiment 2, spraying the surface of the wheat seeds with a sprayer until the seed dressing agent is uniformly coated on the seeds, and obtaining coated seeds.
3. Comparing the emergence and growth conditions of the coated seeds under different culture conditions
1) And (3) carrying out a seedling emergence test on the coated seeds in the step (2) in an incubator, wherein the specific steps are as follows: the process is carried out in culture dishes, 20 seeds which are uniformly coated are added in each culture dish, the same proper amount of water is respectively added in 5 days, 10 days and 20 days after coating, the temperature of an incubator is controlled at 25 ℃, the illumination is carried out for 12 hours, and the emergence rates of wheat are respectively investigated in 7 th day, 12 th day and 21 th day and are marked as coating treatment. The same variety of uncoated wheat was subjected to a seedling emergence test under the same conditions and noted as uncoated.
2) Culturing the coated seeds in the step 2 in an indoor nutrition pot, wherein the specific steps are as follows: soil is filled in a nutrition pot with the diameter of 18cm and the height of 30cm, seeds are sown after the soil is watered thoroughly, and the seeds are cultivated at room temperature. The same variety of uncoated wheat was subjected to a seedling emergence test under the same conditions and noted as uncoated.
3) 2021-2022, in the experimental foundation of the Shanghai farm institute of Yangzhou city, jiangsu province, setting 24 mu of planting fields, coating and uncoated planting 12 mu, randomly arranging granules, and the variety being Yangmai 26, wherein the specific operation of each step of flow is as follows:
and (3) sowing and planting management are carried out according to the conventional normal mechanical sowing in the field, wherein the seed consumption of the field per mu is 20 kg, and the sowing date is 11 months and 11 days.
4. Results of field application
1) The wheat emergence rates were investigated on days 7, 12 and 21, respectively, and the results are shown in table 9.
TABLE 9 influence of different cultivation conditions on wheat seed emergence
From table 9, it can be derived that: after the coated seeds and the uncoated seeds are sown in the incubator, the indoor nutrition pot and the outdoor field, the emergence time of the coating treatment is similar to that of the uncoated seeds, but the emergence rate of the coating treatment is obviously improved compared with that of the uncoated seeds, wherein the emergence rates of the coating treatment are respectively improved by 2.5%, 6.0% and 10.7% in the incubator, the indoor nutrition pot and the outdoor field environment.
2) The damage of the outdoor field wheat by the plant diseases and insect pests was examined, and the results are shown in table 10.
Table 10 wheat pest hazard investigation
From table 10, it can be derived that: compared with the uncoated treatment, the pest hazard rate of the soil insects in the seedling stage of the coated treatment is reduced by 92.5 percent, the incidence rate of banded sclerotial blight is reduced by 85.6 percent, and no smut is found in the mature stage.
3) The plant height, basal 1 st, 2 nd, 3 rd internode length of outdoor field wheat were examined during the mature period of wheat, and the results are shown in table 11.
Table 11 wheat plant height, basal 1 st, 2 nd, 3 rd internode length findings
From table 11, it can be derived that: the coated wheat has a slightly lower plant height than the uncoated wheat in the mature period, and has shorter basal 1 st, 2 nd and 3 rd internode lengths than the uncoated control, and increased lodging resistance.
5) The yield of outdoor field wheat was investigated during the mature period of wheat and the results are shown in table 12.
Table 12 wheat yield investigation
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From table 12, it can be derived that: compared with the uncoated wheat, the effective spike of the coated wheat is increased by 7.5 percent compared with the uncoated wheat, the grain number of each spike is increased by 4.8 percent, the thousand grain weight is slightly lower, and the theoretical yield and the actual yield are respectively improved by 12.2 percent and 13.4 percent, which shows that the yield of the wheat can be improved by treating the seeds with the liquid coating agent.
Application example 4
1) The seeding periods of the coating treatment and the uncoated treatment in application example 3 were adjusted under the planting conditions in step 3 of application example 3, and the emergence rate was investigated 15 days after seeding, and the results are shown in table 13.
TABLE 13 influence of different sowing periods on emergence rate in outdoor field environments
As can be seen from table 13, the emergence rate of the coated treatment was significantly improved over the uncoated treatment under the same sowing period; under the same treatment condition, the seedling emergence rates of the late-sowing wheat and the late-sowing wheat are not obviously different from the seedling emergence rate of the wheat suitable for sowing, which indicates that the liquid seed coating agent in the embodiment can solve the problem of low seedling emergence rates of the late-sowing wheat and the late-sowing wheat.
4) Seedling test is carried out under the environmental conditions of the incubator in the step 3 and the step 2) in the application example 3, and the specific steps are as follows: the coated seeds of application example 3 were cultured in an incubator for 10 days, 30 days and 60 days after coating, and the same amount of water was supplemented for 5 days, 10 days, 20 days, 30 days, 40 days, 50 days and 60 days, respectively, and recorded as coating treatment; culturing the wheat seeds of the same variety which are not coated under the same condition, and marking as uncoated; the emergence is shown in Table 14.
TABLE 14 Effect of different coating times on emergence rate
From table 14, it can be derived that: under the same treatment, the emergence rates of the coated seeds with different storage times are not obviously different, so that the coated seeds are longer in storage time.
5) 100g of the coated seeds of application example 3 were sufficiently immersed in water, and the water absorption amounts of the coated seeds were measured at 16, 20 and 24 hours of immersion, respectively, and recorded as coating treatment; the same seed without coating is used as a control and marked as uncoated treatment; the results are shown in Table 15.
TABLE 15 Water absorption Rate of coated seeds
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As can be seen from table 15: under the conditions of 16h, 20h and 24h of water absorption, the water absorption of the coating treatment is respectively increased by 1.6g, 1.8g and 1.8g compared with that of the non-coating treatment, so that the coated seeds can form a water absorption layer after coating, and the water absorption layer can meet the requirement of the seeds on moisture in the early development stage and is favorable for germination.
4) 500g of the coated seed of application example 3 was oscillated on an oscillator at a frequency of 100 times/min for 30min and 60min, respectively, and the results are shown in Table 16.
Table 16 condition of falling off of coating layer after coating liquid seed coating agent
From table 16, it can be derived that: under the conditions of shaking for 30min and 60min, the coating layers of 500g of the coated seeds respectively fall off by 0.12 g and 0.14 g, and the falling rates of the coating layers are respectively 2.4% and 2.8%, which indicates that the coating layers of the coated seeds in the embodiment are very firm.
Application example 4
Wheat seeds were raised 23 with the liquid seed coating agent of comparative example 1 in the method and amount of application example 1 to obtain coated wheat seeds.
The coated wheat seeds obtained in application example 1 and the coated wheat seeds in this application example were planted in outdoor fields under the same planting conditions as in application example 1, and the effects of the liquid seed coating agent in comparative example 1 on the number of days of emergence and the rate of emergence of wheat were compared, and the results are shown in table 17.
Table 17 effects of liquid seed coating agent on wheat emergence days and emergence rate in example 1 and comparative example 1
From table 17, it can be derived that: the liquid seed coating agent containing paclobutrazol in example 1 was similar in number of emergence days, but had a significantly improved emergence rate, compared with the liquid seed coating agent containing uniconazole in comparative example 1.
Application example 5
Wheat seeds were raised 26 with the liquid seed coating agent of comparative example 2 in the method and amount of application example 3 to obtain coated wheat seeds.
The coated wheat seeds obtained in application example 3 and the coated wheat seeds in this application example were planted in outdoor fields under the same planting conditions as in application example 3, and the effects of the liquid seed coating agents in example 2 and comparative example 2 on the number of days of emergence and the rate of emergence of wheat were compared, and the results are shown in table 18.
Table 18 effects of liquid seed coating agent on wheat emergence days and emergence rate in example 2 and comparative example 2
From table 18, it can be derived that: the liquid seed coating agent containing paclobutrazol in example 2 was similar in number of emergence days, but had a significantly improved emergence rate, compared with the liquid seed coating agent containing uniconazole in comparative example 2.
Application example 6
The coated seeds and uncoated seeds in application example 1 were sown at different sowing periods, and the sowing amounts, the emergence days and the emergence rates of each group are shown in table 19.
TABLE 19 reduction of days to emergence and emergence rate of wheat after seed amount
From table 19, it can be derived that: under the same sowing period, the seed quantity of the wheat seeds is less coated, the seedling emergence days and the seedling emergence rate of the wheat are not affected, and the seedling emergence rate of the coated wheat seeds is improved to a certain extent compared with that of the uncoated wheat seeds, so that the seed quantity of the wheat seeds can be reduced by 2-3 jin/mu after the liquid coating agent is coated, and the seedling emergence rate can be improved.
Application example 7
Wheat seeds were raised 23 with the liquid seed coating agents of example 3, example 4, comparative example 3, comparative example 4, comparative example 5 and comparative example 6 in the method and amount of application example 1, respectively, to obtain coated wheat seeds.
The wheat seeds obtained after the above-mentioned bag were cultured in an incubator under the same conditions as in application example 1, the root length of wheat seedlings was investigated for 5 days, 10 days and 15 days, and the emergence rate of wheat seedlings was investigated at 15 days of culture, and the results are shown in Table 20.
TABLE 20 root length and emergence rate for wheat in examples 3-4 and comparative examples 3-6
From table 20, it can be derived that: the proper concentration of the compound sodium nitrophenolate is helpful for root length and seedling emergence rate improvement of wheat, and although the high concentration of the compound sodium nitrophenolate in comparative examples 3-4 can improve the seedling emergence rate to a certain extent, the difference from the seedling emergence rate in examples 3-4 is not obvious, and the cost is increased due to the concentration of the compound sodium nitrophenolate.
Application example 8
Wheat seeds were raised 26 with the liquid seed coating agent of example 2, example 5, comparative examples 7 to 10 in the method and amount of application example 3, respectively, to obtain coated wheat seeds.
The wheat seeds obtained after the above-mentioned wrapping were planted in an outdoor field under the same planting conditions as in application example 3, and the average diameter and root volume of the wheat seedlings roots after 10 days of cultivation were investigated, and the results are shown in table 21.
TABLE 21 average diameter of wheat seedling root and root conditions for example 2, example 5, comparative examples 7-10
From table 21, it can be derived that: the EDTA-chelated manganese of suitable concentration contributes to the increase of root diameter and volume, and the EDTA-chelated manganese of high concentration in comparative examples 9 to 10 is slightly different from that of the root diameters and volumes of examples 2 and 5, but the cost of the EDTA-chelated manganese of high concentration is greatly increased.
Application example 9
Wheat seeds were raised 23 with the liquid seed coating agent of example 6 and comparative examples 11 to 17 in the method and amount of application example 1, respectively, to obtain coated wheat seeds.
The wheat seeds obtained after the above-mentioned bags were planted in an outdoor field under the same planting conditions as in application example 1, and the effects of the liquid seed coating agents in example 1, example 6 and comparative examples 11 to 17 on the occurrence rate of wheat stinking smut and seedling blight were examined in the same period, and the results are shown in table 22.
Table 22 effects of difenoconazole and fludioxonil co-formulation at different concentrations on wheat stinking smut and sheath blight at seedling stage
From table 22, it can be derived that: the collocation concentration of the difenoconazole and the fludioxonil is favorable for optimally controlling the wheat stinking smut and the sheath blight at the seedling stage, and the liquid seed coating agents in the comparative example 16 and the comparative example 17 can also well control the occurrence of the wheat stinking smut and the sheath blight at the seedling stage, but the higher concentration cost can be greatly increased.
Application example 10
Wheat seeds were raised 26 with the liquid seed coating agent of example 7 and comparative examples 18 to 24 in the method and amount of application example 3, respectively, to obtain coated wheat seeds.
The above-coated wheat seeds were planted in an outdoor field under the same planting conditions as in application example 3, and the effects of the liquid seed coating agents of example 2, example 7 and comparative examples 18 to 24 on the incidence of soil insects, namely flammulina velutipes, in the seedling stage of wheat were examined in the same period, and the results are shown in table 23.
TABLE 23 Effect of thiamethoxam at different concentrations on soil insects, flavonoids, at the seedling stage
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From table 23, it can be derived that: the thiamethoxam concentration in the invention is helpful for controlling the incidence rate of soil insects, namely, flammulina velutipes in seedling stage, and the liquid seed coating agent in comparative example 24 and comparative example 25 can also well control the incidence rate of soil insects, namely, flammulina velutipes in wheat seedling stage, but the higher concentration cost can be greatly increased.
Although the foregoing embodiments have been described in some, but not all, embodiments of the invention, it should be understood that other embodiments may be devised in accordance with the present embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The medical fertilizer composition is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
0.1-0.15 part of paclobutrazol, 0.2-0.25 part of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 2.2-2.5 parts of difenoconazole, 2.2-2.5 parts of fludioxonil, 22.6-22.8 parts of thiamethoxam and 1-1.5 parts of EDTA-chelated manganese.
2. The use of the pharmaceutical fertilizer composition of claim 1 in a seed coating.
3. The use according to claim 2, wherein the seed coating is a liquid seed coating.
4. The liquid seed coating agent is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass:
0.1 to 0.15 percent of paclobutrazol, 0.2 to 0.25 percent of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 2.2 to 2.5 percent of difenoconazole, 2.2 to 2.5 percent of fludioxonil, 22.6 to 22.8 percent of thiamethoxam and 1 to 1.5 percent of EDTA-chelated manganese.
5. The liquid seed coating agent of claim 4, wherein the liquid system of the liquid seed coating agent is water.
6. Use of the pesticide-fertilizer composition of claim 1 or the liquid seed coating agent of claim 4 or 5 for one or more of increasing the rate of emergence of wheat, increasing stress resistance of wheat, and increasing yield of wheat.
7. The use of claim 6, wherein the wheat planting category comprises a suitable wheat, a late wheat or a late wheat.
8. The method for applying the liquid seed coating agent to wheat as claimed in claim 4 or 5, comprising the following steps:
coating the wheat seeds with a liquid seed coating agent to obtain coated wheat seeds;
sowing the coated wheat seeds.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the liquid seed coating agent and the wheat seed are applied in a mass ratio of 1:90-120.
10. The method of claim 8, wherein the wheat comprises a suitable wheat, a late wheat or a late wheat; the seed quantity of the wheat suitable for sowing is 15-20 jin/mu, the seed quantity of the wheat late sowing is 20-30 jin/mu, and the seed quantity of the wheat late sowing is 35-45 jin/mu.
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