CN117546744A - Planting method of gastrodia elata - Google Patents
Planting method of gastrodia elata Download PDFInfo
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- CN117546744A CN117546744A CN202311771653.5A CN202311771653A CN117546744A CN 117546744 A CN117546744 A CN 117546744A CN 202311771653 A CN202311771653 A CN 202311771653A CN 117546744 A CN117546744 A CN 117546744A
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- 241000305491 Gastrodia elata Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 244000221226 Armillaria mellea Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000011569 Armillaria mellea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 6
- 240000008564 Boehmeria nivea Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000233855 Orchidaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000005392 Spasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001148470 aerobic bacillus Species 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/40—Cultivation of spawn
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N3/00—Preservation of plants or parts thereof, e.g. inhibiting evaporation, improvement of the appearance of leaves or protection against physical influences such as UV radiation using chemical compositions; Grafting wax
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
- A23L2/38—Other non-alcoholic beverages
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12G—WINE; PREPARATION THEREOF; ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; PREPARATION OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES C12C OR C12H
- C12G3/00—Preparation of other alcoholic beverages
- C12G3/02—Preparation of other alcoholic beverages by fermentation
- C12G3/026—Preparation of other alcoholic beverages by fermentation with health-improving ingredients, e.g. flavonoids, flavones, polyphenols or polysaccharides, added before or during the fermentation stage; with flavouring ingredients added before or during the fermentation stage
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12G—WINE; PREPARATION THEREOF; ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; PREPARATION OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES C12C OR C12H
- C12G3/00—Preparation of other alcoholic beverages
- C12G3/04—Preparation of other alcoholic beverages by mixing, e.g. for preparation of liqueurs
- C12G3/05—Preparation of other alcoholic beverages by mixing, e.g. for preparation of liqueurs with health-improving ingredients, e.g. flavonoids, flavones, polyphenols or polysaccharides
- C12G3/055—Preparation of other alcoholic beverages by mixing, e.g. for preparation of liqueurs with health-improving ingredients, e.g. flavonoids, flavones, polyphenols or polysaccharides extracted from plants
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
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Abstract
The invention discloses a planting method of gastrodia elata, which comprises the following steps of S1, preparing bacterial materials, planting hemp, matrixes and culture equipment; s2, planting; s3, managing after planting; s4, post-processing. The invention relates to a method for planting gastrodia elata by connecting a culture device outside a container, which effectively ensures nutrient substances required by the growth of the gastrodia elata, and further cultures the gastrodia elata by planting the culture device and the container, wherein one end of the gastrodia elata is put into the culture device, the culture device is combined with the container in a mode of manually breaking holes, a bud of the gastrodia elata is faced to the inside of a bottle mouth of the container, the gastrodia elata can continuously grow a nutrient stem downwards along the container mouth, and the later growth is completed in the container. The cultivation mode has controllable production links, effectively avoids external environment pollution, can improve the yield of the gastrodia elata, can realize independent harvesting of the container and the gastrodia elata, can realize the recycling of bacterial materials under the condition of not moving a cultivation device, and is suitable for industrialized mass production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of planting of traditional Chinese medicinal materials, in particular to a planting method of gastrodia elata.
Background
Gastrodia elata BlumeGastrodia elataBl. is a traditional rare Chinese medicinal material in China, and has an application history of over two thousands of years in China. Has effects of calming endogenous wind, relieving spasm, suppressing liver yang, dispelling pathogenic wind, and dredging collaterals.
Gastrodia elata root-free and leaf-free, can not produce nutrition through photosynthesis, is a special heterotrophic orchid plant, and requires germination bacteria and armillaria mellea to provide nutrition required by growth in individual development. Since the 50 s of the 20 th century, the technology of artificial planting of gastrodia elata has been developed rapidly, and the artificially planted commodity gastrodia elata is more marketed as fresh raw materials or processed into a gastrodia elata primary product, and has a low added value. With the continuous deep understanding of the medical value and the dietary therapy health care efficacy of the gastrodia elata at home and abroad, the new addition of the gastrodia elata is brought into the management of the inventory of substances which are traditional foods and Chinese medicinal materials, and the demand of the market for the gastrodia elata is increased year by year.
The existing gastrodia elata planting technology cannot ensure that newly-grown nutritional stems of gastrodia elata can smoothly enter a bottle, and due to different temperature and humidity conditions required by growth of armillaria mellea and gastrodia elata, the traditional planting method is to enable the armillaria mellea and the gastrodia elata to be in the same environment, so that the growth of the armillaria mellea and the gastrodia elata can be influenced, and finally the yield of the gastrodia elata is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a planting method of gastrodia elata, which solves the problem that gastrodia elata cannot smoothly enter a bottle in gastrodia elata planting in the prior art, and simultaneously cannot independently control optimal conditions for growth of armillaria mellea and gastrodia elata.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a planting method of gastrodia elata, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing bacterial materials (culture bags), seed hemp, matrixes and culture equipment;
s2, planting:
s21, bagging: placing a culture device at one side in the culture bottom box 20-30 days in advance, vertically loading the fungus material into the culture device, filling the culture device with matrix, covering the fungus material, bagging and sealing the culture device or directly preparing a finished culture bag containing Armillariella mellea for culture, wherein the size of the culture device or the finished culture bag is matched with the amount of gastrodia elata seed;
s22, setting: paving a layer of matrix on one side of the culture bottom box, which does not contain a culture device, breaking holes in the middle of the culture device, positioning a container at the broken holes, and filling gaps in the culture bottom box with the matrix;
s23, the following steps: placing the rear end part of the gastrodia elata seeds in a region where fungus ropes grow vigorously, keeping a distance between a bud opening of the gastrodia elata seeds and a bottle opening of a container at 2cm, covering the gastrodia elata seeds with a matrix, continuously filling the matrix in a culture bottom box, and keeping the container and the culture device fixed;
s24, loading on a frame: the whole incubator is placed in a factory workshop for three-dimensional planting, and management is carried out by regulating and controlling indoor temperature and humidity;
s3, post-cultivation management: before the inoculation of rhizoma Gastrodiae, the temperature is controlled below 12deg.C, and the humidity of the matrix is controlled at 60-70%; after the gastrodia elata is inoculated, the temperature is controlled at 18-22 ℃, and the humidity of the matrix is about 50% -60%;
s4, post-processing: after 6-8 months of growth, separating the Gastrodia elata seeds at the mouth of the container from the new tubers in the container to ensure the integrity of the new tubers of the Gastrodia elata, and taking out the Gastrodia elata container filled with the new tubers integrally to obtain the Gastrodia elata finished product.
Furthermore, the fungus material is selected from the finished fungus material which has thick and dense fungus ropes and toughness and is suitable for a culture device, or is directly prepared to be cultured into a finished culture bag containing armillaria mellea, and the size of the culture device or the finished culture bag is suitable for the dosage of gastrodia elata seed.
Furthermore, the seed ramie is a zero-generation gastrodia elata seed which is fresh and strong, spindle-shaped, obvious in bud eye, normal in color, yellowish white, free of mechanical damage, free of plant diseases and insect pests, free of decay, and suitable for the connection position of the length and the diameter of the container mouth.
Further, the substrate comprises foam, coconut husk, natural sand and dried fern.
Further, the culture equipment comprises a culture bottom box, a culture device and a container; the culture device is made of soft plastic bags or plastic barrels which are convenient to break holes, the container is made of transparent containers, foam is filled in the containers, and the diameter of the container opening is larger than that of the gastrodia elata seeds.
Further, the period before the gastrodia elata inoculation in the step S3 is 38-42d, and the period after the gastrodia elata inoculation is 38-42d.
Furthermore, the period before the gastrodia elata inoculation in the step S3 is 40d, and the period after the gastrodia elata inoculation is 40d.
Furthermore, the gastrodia elata finished product obtained by planting the gastrodia elata by the planting method is applied to preparation of gastrodia elata beverages, gastrodia elata wine and gastrodia elata specimens.
Based on the technical scheme, the embodiment of the invention at least has the following technical effects:
(1) According to the planting method of the gastrodia elata, provided by the invention, the bud openings of the gastrodia elata seeds are horizontally placed in the container, the buds can pass through the mouth of the container, the other ends of the buds are placed in the culture device, bacteria in the culture device provide nutrient substances required by growth for the gastrodia elata seeds, and newly grown nutrient stems can grow into the container along the container openings in the growth process of the gastrodia elata seeds, so that the grown gastrodia elata tubers are ensured to be in the container.
(2) The planting method of the gastrodia elata provided by the invention has the advantages of simple planting mode and controllable production process, effectively avoids external environment pollution, ensures the yield of the gastrodia elata in the container, and can meet the batch production of the gastrodia elata.
(3) The planting method of gastrodia elata provided by the invention is characterized in that the production mode consists of two parts of a container and a culture device, when gastrodia elata is mature, independent collection of gastrodia elata in the container can be realized, bacterial materials (or finished product culture bags) in the culture device can be reused, cultivation of gastrodia elata in the next container is facilitated, the production mode can meet industrial mass production, the market demand for the products is met, and annual supply can be realized.
(4) The gastrodia elata cultivated by the planting method provided by the invention is convenient to clean after the gastrodia elata is harvested, can be used for subsequent production of products such as gastrodia elata beverage, gastrodia elata wine, gastrodia elata specimen and the like or other special purposes according to the size and the type of the container, and is convenient to transport.
(5) The gastrodia elata cultivated by the container reduces pollution in the production process, is beneficial to the preservation of products, and is convenient to transport by harvesting the whole container and the gastrodia elata. The production method has important significance for prolonging the industry chain of gastrodia elata and improving the added value of gastrodia elata products.
Detailed Description
Various exemplary embodiments of the invention will now be described in detail, which should not be considered as limiting the invention, but rather as more detailed descriptions of certain aspects, features and embodiments of the invention.
It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. In addition, for numerical ranges in this disclosure, it is understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the ranges is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or stated range, and any other stated value or intermediate value within the stated range, is also encompassed within the invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may independently be included or excluded in the range.
Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference for the purpose of disclosing and describing the methods and/or materials associated with the documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the present specification will control.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the specific embodiments of the invention described herein without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification of the present invention. The specification and examples of the present invention are exemplary only.
As used herein, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and the like are intended to be inclusive and mean an inclusion, but not limited to.
Example 1
1. Early preparation
(1) Bacterial material
The cultured fungus ropes are thick, dense and tough, and the fungus materials are suitable for the culture device, and the dosage is suitable for the dosage of gastrodia elata seed.
(2) Seed hemp
The method selects the zero-generation gastrodia elata seeds which are fresh and strong, have spindle-shaped body, obvious bud eyes, normal color, yellowish white, no mechanical injury, no plant diseases and insect pests, no decay and have the length and the diameter which are suitable for the connection part of the container mouth.
(3) Substrate
The matrix is natural sand.
(4) Culture equipment selection
Selecting an incubator with a proper size as a culture bottom incubator; the culture device adopts a plastic barrel with softer material and convenient hole breaking; the container is free from mechanical damage and transparent, the container is filled with foam (humidity is 70-80%), and the diameter of the container opening is larger than the diameter of the seeds. The culture bottom box is matched with a built-in container bottle and a culture device.
2. Planting of
(1) Bagging-off
Placing a culture device on one side in the culture bottom box in advance for 20-30d, vertically loading the bred fungus materials into the culture device, filling the culture device with matrix sand, covering the fungus materials, bagging and sealing the culture device, and binding the closing-up position above the culture device by using rubber bands, wherein the fungus wires are exposed out of the surface of the matrix because the fungus wires are aerobic fungus wires and grow upwards in the sealed culture device;
(2) Positioning device
The container can be positioned by seeing the fungus rope through the culture device, a layer of matrix with the thickness of 3-5cm is paved on the other side (the side where the container is placed) of the culture bottom box, the container which is suitable for the fungus material or fungus bag is placed according to the fungus material or fungus bag amount in the culture device, holes are manually broken in the middle of the culture device, the mouth of the container is aligned to the broken holes of the culture device, the container is positioned, the matrix is continuously covered, and the gaps in the culture bottom box are filled with the matrix.
(3) Seed sowing
Taking gastrodia elata seeds meeting quality standards, opening a sealed culture bag, exposing fungus ropes, enabling a seed bud opening to face a container bottle opening by about 2cm, placing the rear end part of the seeds into a region, close to a region where fungus ropes grow vigorously, in a culture device, lightly covering the gastrodia elata seeds with a matrix, and continuously sealing the culture device with rubber bands. After the planting is finished, the substrate is continuously covered in the culture bottom box body, and the container and the culture device are kept fixed.
(4) Upper frame
After the planting is completed, the whole incubator is placed in a factory workshop for three-dimensional planting, and the management is performed by regulating and controlling the indoor temperature and humidity.
3. Post-cultivation management
(1) Before inoculation of bacteria
After the seed ramie is planted, the early stage of the seed ramie is about 40 days of a fungus inoculation period of the gastrodia elata, and because the armillaria mellea is a good fungus culture, fungus ropes can grow towards a bag breaking position, namely the direction of a container mouth, at the moment, the temperature is controlled below 12 ℃, and the humidity of a substrate is controlled between 60 and 70%.
(2) After inoculation of the bacteria
After seed inoculation (about 40 d), gastrodia elata can continue to grow, terminal buds can differentiate nutrition stems, the temperature in a foam box is controlled at 18-22 ℃, and the substrate humidity is about 50% -60%.
4. Post-treatment
(1) Harvesting
The growth period is about 6-8 months, the fresh tuber of gastrodia elata is about 100-200g, and the gastrodia elata can be harvested according to actual production requirements. Separating rhizoma Gastrodiae seed from new tuber in container to ensure the integrity of new tuber, and taking out the container.
(2) Cleaning
And water is injected into the container, foam floats out, and the container is cleaned.
(3) Finished product
After the container is dried, the product can be used for preparing subsequent products such as gastrodia elata beverage, gastrodia elata wine, gastrodia elata specimens and the like and other uses.
Example 2
Unlike example 1, coconut coir is used as the substrate in this example.
Example 3
Unlike example 1, the substrate of this example was foam.
Example 4
Unlike example 1, the matrix of this example was a foam, natural sand mixture.
Example 5
Unlike example 1, the matrix of this example was a foam, coconut husk mixture.
Example 6
Unlike example 1, the matrix of this example was a mixture of natural sand and coconut husk.
Example 7
Unlike example 1, the matrix of this example was selected from natural sand, foam, and coconut husk mixtures.
Example 8
Unlike example 1, the culture medium and the culture apparatus were replaced with a finished culture bag containing Armillariella mellea.
1. Early preparation
(1) Culture bag
The culture bag is a finished product culture bag containing Armillariella mellea, and the dosage of the bag is matched with the dosage of rhizoma Gastrodiae seed.
(2) Seed hemp
The method selects the zero-generation gastrodia elata seeds which are fresh and strong, have spindle-shaped body, obvious bud eyes, normal color, yellowish white, no mechanical injury, no plant diseases and insect pests, no decay and have the length and the diameter which are suitable for the connection part of the container mouth.
(3) Substrate
The matrix is natural sand.
(4) Culture equipment selection
Selecting an incubator with a proper size as a culture bottom incubator; the container is free from mechanical damage and transparent, the container is filled with foam (humidity is 70-80%), and the diameter of the container opening is larger than the diameter of the seeds. The culture bottom box is matched with a built-in container bottle and a culture device.
2. Planting of
(1) Bagging-off
Placing a finished product culture bag containing Armillariella mellea on one side in the culture bottom box in advance for 20-30d, and binding the closing position above the finished product culture bag with rubber bands, wherein the Armillariella mellea grows upwards in the sealed finished product culture bag due to aerobic bacteria, and fungus ropes are exposed out of the surface of the substrate;
(2) Positioning device
The fungus rope can be seen through the finished culture bag, the container can be positioned, a layer of 3-5cm matrix is paved on the other side (the side where the culture bag is placed) of the culture bottom box, the corresponding container is placed according to the finished culture bag, holes are manually broken in the middle of the finished culture bag, the container opening is aligned to the hole breaking position of the device, the container is positioned, the matrix is continuously covered, and the gap in the culture bottom box is filled with the matrix.
(3) Seed sowing
Taking gastrodia elata seeds meeting quality standards, opening a sealed finished product culture bag, exposing fungus ropes, enabling a seed bud opening to face a container bottle opening by about 2cm, placing the rear end part of the seeds into a culture device close to a region where fungus ropes grow vigorously, lightly covering the gastrodia elata seeds with a matrix, and continuously sealing the finished product culture bag with rubber bands. After the planting is finished, the substrate is continuously covered in the culture bottom box body, and the container and the culture device are kept fixed.
(4) Upper frame
After the planting is completed, the whole incubator is placed in a factory workshop for three-dimensional planting, and the management is performed by regulating and controlling the indoor temperature and humidity.
3. Post-cultivation management
(1) Before inoculation of bacteria
After the seed ramie is planted, the early stage of the seed ramie is about 40 days of a fungus inoculation period of the gastrodia elata, and because the armillaria mellea is a good fungus culture, fungus ropes can grow towards a bag breaking position, namely the direction of a container mouth, at the moment, the temperature is controlled below 12 ℃, and the humidity of a substrate is controlled between 60 and 70%.
(2) After inoculation of the bacteria
After seed inoculation (about 40 d), gastrodia elata can continue to grow, terminal buds can differentiate nutrition stems, the temperature in a foam box is controlled at 18-22 ℃, and the substrate humidity is about 50% -60%.
4. Post-treatment
(1) Harvesting
The growth period is about 6-8 months, the fresh tuber of gastrodia elata is about 100-200g, and the gastrodia elata can be harvested according to actual production requirements. Separating rhizoma Gastrodiae seed from new tuber in container to ensure the integrity of new tuber, and taking out the container.
(2) Cleaning
And water is injected into the container, foam floats out, and the container is cleaned.
(3) Finished product
After the container is dried, the product can be used for preparing subsequent products such as gastrodia elata beverage, gastrodia elata wine, gastrodia elata specimens and the like and other uses.
Finally, it should be noted that:
the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The planting method of the gastrodia elata is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, preparing bacterial materials, seed hemp, matrixes and culture equipment;
s2, planting:
s21, bagging: placing a culture device at one side in the culture bottom box 20-30 days in advance, vertically loading the fungus material into the culture device, filling the culture device with matrix, covering the fungus material, bagging and sealing the culture device, or directly preparing a finished culture bag containing Armillariella mellea for culture, wherein the size of the culture device or the finished culture bag is matched with the amount of gastrodia elata seed;
s22, setting: paving a layer of matrix on one side of the culture bottom box, which does not contain a culture device, breaking holes in the middle of the culture device, positioning a container at the broken holes, and filling gaps in the culture bottom box with the matrix;
s23, the following steps: placing the rear end part of the gastrodia elata seeds in a region where fungus ropes grow vigorously, keeping a distance between a bud opening of the gastrodia elata seeds and a bottle opening of a container at 2cm, covering the gastrodia elata seeds with a matrix, continuously filling the matrix in a culture bottom box, and keeping the container and the culture device fixed;
s24, loading on a frame: the whole incubator is placed in a factory workshop for three-dimensional planting, and management is carried out by regulating and controlling indoor temperature and humidity;
s3, post-cultivation management: before the inoculation of rhizoma Gastrodiae, the temperature is controlled below 12deg.C, and the humidity of the matrix is controlled at 60-70%; after the gastrodia elata is inoculated, the temperature is controlled at 18-22 ℃, and the humidity of the matrix is about 50% -60%;
s4, post-processing: after 6-8 months of growth, separating the Gastrodia elata seeds at the mouth of the container from the new tubers in the container to ensure the integrity of the new tubers of the Gastrodia elata, and taking out the Gastrodia elata container filled with the new tubers integrally to obtain the Gastrodia elata finished product.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the fungus material is selected from a product fungus material which is thick, dense and flexible and is suitable for a culture device, or a product culture bag which is ready for culturing armillaria mellea, and the size of the culture device or the product culture bag is suitable for the seed hemp amount of the gastrodia elata.
3. The method for planting gastrodia elata according to claim 1, wherein the gastrodia elata seeds are fresh and strong, have a spindle shape, obvious bud eyes, normal color, yellowish white color, no mechanical damage, no plant diseases and insect pests, no rot, and have lengths and diameters suitable for connecting positions of container openings.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the substrate comprises foam, coconut husk, natural sand, and dried fern.
5. The method for planting gastrodia elata according to claim 1, wherein the culture equipment comprises a culture bottom box, a culture device and a container; the culture device is made of soft plastic bags or plastic barrels which are convenient to break holes, the container is made of transparent containers, foam is filled in the containers, and the diameter of the container opening is larger than that of the gastrodia elata seeds.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the period before the inoculation of the gastrodia elata is 38-42d and the period after the inoculation of the gastrodia elata is 38-42d in the step S3.
7. Use of a finished product of rhizoma Gastrodiae planted by the planting method of rhizoma Gastrodiae according to any one of claims 1-6 in preparing rhizoma Gastrodiae beverage, rhizoma Gastrodiae wine, and rhizoma Gastrodiae specimen.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118120741A (en) * | 2024-04-28 | 2024-06-04 | 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 | Method for long-term preservation of seeds of Gastrodia plants of Orchidaceae |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118120741A (en) * | 2024-04-28 | 2024-06-04 | 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 | Method for long-term preservation of seeds of Gastrodia plants of Orchidaceae |
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