CN1175209A - 3,3-(二取代)环己-1-醇单体及相关化合物 - Google Patents
3,3-(二取代)环己-1-醇单体及相关化合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1175209A CN1175209A CN95197688A CN95197688A CN1175209A CN 1175209 A CN1175209 A CN 1175209A CN 95197688 A CN95197688 A CN 95197688A CN 95197688 A CN95197688 A CN 95197688A CN 1175209 A CN1175209 A CN 1175209A
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Abstract
本发明涉及新的3,3-(二取代)环己-1-醇单体及相关化合物,涉及含这类化合物的药用组合物,以及涉及它们用于治疗过敏性疾病和炎症,和用于抑制肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)的产生。
Description
发明领域
本发明涉及新型化合物3,3-(二取代)环己-1-醇单体及与之相关的化合物;含有这些化合物的药物组合物;它们在治疗过敏性疾病和炎症以及抑制肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)的产生等方面的应用。
发明背景
支气管性气喘是一个多因素的复杂疾病,特征是气管可逆性变窄,呼吸系统对外界刺激的过分反应。
筛选治疗气喘新药的困难在于,这种疾病的发展取决于多种介质。这样,通过消除单个介质的作用来根本上影响慢性气喘的三个因素似乎是不可能的。可代替“介质途径”的,是调节与此病病理生理学有关的细胞的活性。
这种方法之一是提高cAMP水平(环磷酸腺苷)。环AMP已被认为是第二信使,将生物信号传递给广泛范围的荷尔蒙、神经递质和药物;[Krebs Endocrinology Proceedings of the 4th International CongressExcerpta Medica,17-29,1973。第四届国际内分泌学会议论文集,医学文摘,17-29,1973]。当适当的激动剂结合到专属性细胞表面受体时,腺苷酸环化酶被活化,加速了Mg+2-ATP向cAMP的转化。
cAMP调控大多数(即使不是全部)对外源性(过敏)气喘病理生理有作用的细胞的活性。这样cAMP水平的提高将产生下列有益的效果: 1)气管平滑肌松弛;2)抑制肥大细胞介质的释放;3)抑制中性白细胞的脱粒;4)抑制嗜碱细胞的脱粒;5)抑制单核细胞和巨噬细胞的活化。因此,能够活化腺苷酸环化酶或能抑制磷酸二酯酶的化合物应能有效地抑制气管平滑肌和各种炎症细胞的不适当的活化。钝化cAMP的机理的主要细胞机制是通过一类或几类叫做环核苷酸磷酸二酯酶(PDEs)的同功酶来水解3’-磷酸二酯键。
研究表明,一种特殊的环核苷酸磷酸二酯酶(PDE)的同功酶,PDEIV,是造成气管平滑肌和炎症细胞中cAMP破坏的主要因素。[Torphy,“Phosphodiesterase Isozymes:Potential Targets for Novel Anti-asthmaticAgents”(“磷酸二酯酶同功酶:新型抗气喘剂的潜在靶”)in New Drugsfor Asthma,Barnes,ed.IBC Technical Services Ltd.,1989]。研究表明,这个酶的抑制作用,不仅产生气管的平滑肌松弛,而且也抑制肥大细胞、嗜碱性细胞和嗜中性细胞的脱粒,同时还抑制单核细胞和嗜中性细胞的活化。并且,当靶细胞的腺苷酸环化酶活性被适当的荷尔蒙或自体有效物提高后,PDE IV抑制剂的有益作用,明显地被加强了,体内情况也应当是这样。这样,当前列腺素E2和前列环素(腺苷酸环化酶的活化剂)含量提高以后,PDE IV对气喘肺应是有效的抑制剂。这样一类化合物对于支气管哮喘的药物治疗将开辟一条独特的途径,而且较之当前市售的药物,有其明显的优越性。
对于肿瘤坏死因子(TNF),一种血清糖蛋白,本发明的化合物也抑制其产生。肿瘤坏死因子的过度或无节制的产生,往往与某些疾病的发生和恶化有关。例如,风湿性关节炎,风湿性脊椎炎,骨关节炎,痛风关节炎及其它关节炎症;脓毒症,脓毒性休克,内毒素性休克,革兰氏阴性脓毒症,中毒性休克综合症,成人呼吸窘迫综合症,脑型疟,慢性肺炎,矽肺病,肺炎肉瘤,骨吸收,再灌注损伤,移植后宿主的反应,异体移植后的排异作用,由于感染引起的发烧和肌痛,例如流感,感染或恶性肿瘤病后的恶病质,人获得性免疫缺陷综合症(AIDS)的并发症,AIDS,ARC(与AIDS有关的综合症),瘢痕瘤的生成,瘢痕组织形成,克罗恩氏病,溃疡性结肠炎,或Pyresis,此外,对一系列自身免疫性疾病,如多发性硬变,自身免疫糖尿病以及系统红斑狼疮等都有肿瘤坏死因子的过度或无节制产生。
艾滋病(AIDS)是由于T淋巴细胞感染了人免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)所致。至少已鉴别出三种类型的HIV,即HIV-1,HIV-2和HIV-3。感染结果,T-细胞介导的免疫功能降低,感染者显示出严重的机会感染,和/或产生不正常的新生瘤。T淋巴细胞活化后,HIV才能进入T淋巴细胞。病毒如HIV-1或HIV-2感染活化了的T细胞,其蛋白的表达和/或复制,只有在T细胞活化后才能传递和持续。一旦活化的T淋巴细胞被HIV感染,T淋巴细胞必定继续保持在活化状态,使HIV基因进行表达和/或HIV进行复制。
细胞因子,尤其是TNF,在维持T淋巴细胞的活化状态中起作用,使之与活化T细胞介导的HIV蛋白的表达和/或病毒的复制相关联。因此,采用HIV感染者体内抑制细胞分裂素的发生,尤其是TNF,来干扰细胞因子活性,有助于使T细胞活化状态不能维持,这样就减少了HIV对未干扰细胞的侵袭,达到降低或消除了HIV感染所造成的免疫机能障碍的进一步恶化。单核细胞、巨噬细胞及与之相关的一些细胞,如枯否氏细胞和神经胶质细胞等也与持续HIV感染有关。这些细胞,如T细胞等,是病毒复制的靶,且病毒复制的水平取决于这些细胞的活化状态。[请参考Rosenberg et al.,The Immunopathogenesis of HIV Infection,Advances inImmunology,(HIV感染的免疫致病机理,免疫学进展)Vol.57,1989]。单核因子(monokines)如TNF已表明,在单核细胞和/或巨噬细胞里活化HIV的复制[参阅Poli et al.,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.,87:782-784,1990],因此,抑制单核因子(monokine)的产生或抑制其活性,将有助于限制HIV感染的扩大,这正如上述的T细胞那样。
TNF对于其它病毒的感染也起着各种不同的作用,例如对于巨细胞病毒(CMV)、流感病毒、腺病毒和疱疹病毒等,作用机理同上面所述。
TNF也与酵母菌和真菌感染有联系。尤其是白色念株菌已表明在体外的人单核细胞和自然杀伤细胞里诱导TNF的产生。[参阅Riipi et al.,Infection and Immunity(感染和免疫),58(9):2750-54,1990;Jafari et al.,Journal of Infectious Diseases(感染疾病杂志)164:389-95,1991。还请参阅Wasan et al.,Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy(抗菌剂和化学疗法),35,(10):2046-48,1991;Luke et al.,Journal of Infectious Diseases,(感染疾病杂志)162:211-214,1990]。
对有需要的哺乳动物应用本发明化合物抑制TNF,可进一步加强其控制TNF不良作用的能力。本发明的化合物还可用于治疗TNF介导的疾病状态,这些疾病状态是由于TNF过度的和/或无节制产生而引起或加剧的。
发明概述
其中R1是-(CR4R5)nC(O)O(CR4R5)mR6,-(CR4R5)nC(O)NR4(CR4R5)mR6,-(CR4R5)nO(CR4R5)mR6,或-(CR4R5)rR6。其中烷基基团可以由一个或几个卤原子取代,或未被取代;
m是0到2
n是0到4
r是0到6
R4和R5独立地是氢原子或含1-2个碳原子的烷基;
R6是氢、甲基、羟基、芳香基、卤代芳基,芳氧基C1-3烷基,卤代芳氧基C1-3烷基,2,3-二氢代茚基、茚基、C7-11聚环烷基、四氢呋喃基,呋喃基,四氢吡喃基、吡喃基、四氢噻吩基、噻吩基、四氢噻喃基、噻喃基、C3-6环烷基,或其中有1或2个不饱和键的C4-6环烃基,其环烷基部分或杂环部分可未被取代,也可被1-3个甲基,1个乙基或羟基取代;条件是:
a)当R6是羟基时,m是2;或
b)当R6是羟基时,r是2到6;或
c)当R6是2-四氢吡喃基,2-四氢噻喃基,2-四氢呋喃基或2-四氢噻吩基时,m是1或2;或
d)当R6是2-四氢吡喃基,2-四氢噻喃基,2-四氢呋喃基或2-四氢噻吩基时,r是1到6;
e)当n是1,m是0时,-(CR4R5)nO(CR4R5)mR6中的R6不是H;
X是YR2、F、NR4R5或甲酰胺;
Y是O或S(O)m’;
m’是0、1或2;
X2是O或NR8;
X3是氢或X;
X4为H,R9、OR8、CN、C(O)R8、C(O)OR8、C(O)NR8R8或NR8R8;
R2是未被取代或被1个或1个以上的卤原子取代的-CH3或-CH2CH3,
s是0到4;
W是2-6个碳原子的烷基,2-6个碳原子的链烯基或2-6个碳原子的炔基;
R3是COOR14,C(O)NR4R14或R7;
Z是
OR14,OR15,SR14,S(O)m′R7,S(O)2NR10R14,NR10R14,
NR14C(O)R9,NR10C(Y′)R14,NR10C(O)OR7,NR10C(Y′)NR10R14,
NR10S(O)2NR10R14,NR10C(NCN)NR10R14,NR10S(O)2R7,
NR10C(CR4NO2)NR10R14,NR10C(NCN)SR9,NR10C(CR4NO2)SR9,
NR10C(NR10)NR10R14,NR10C(O)C(O)NR10R14,或NR10C(O)C(O)OR14;
Y’为O或S,
R7是-(CR4R5)qR12或C1-6烷基,其中R12或C1-6烷基或是未被取代,或是被甲基或乙基取代一次或多次,这里的甲基或乙基或者是未被取代的,或者被1-3个氟取代,或被下述基取代一次或多次:
-F,-Br,-Cl,-NO2,-NR10R11,-C(O)R8,-CO2R8,-O(CH2)2-4OR8,-O(CH2)2-4OR8,-O(CH2)qR8,-CN,-C(O)NR10R11,-O(CH2)qC(O)NR10R11,-O(CH2)qC(O)R9,-NR10C(O)NR10R11,-NR10C(O)R11,-NR10C(O)OR9,-NR10C(O)R13,-C(NR10)NR10R11,-C(NCN)NR10R11,-C(NCN)SR9,-NR10C(NCN)SR9,-NR10C(NCN)NR10R11,-NR10S(O)2R9,-S(O)m′R9,-NR10C(O)C(O)NR10R11,-NR10C(O)C(O)R10,或R13;
q是0、1或2;
R12是R13,C3-7环烷基,未取代或取代芳基或杂环基,选自(2-,3-或4-吡啶基)、嘧啶基、吡唑基、(1-或2-咪唑基)、吡咯基、哌嗪基、哌啶基、吗啉基,呋喃基、(2-或3-噻吩基)、喹啉基、萘基和苯基;
R8独立是氢或R9;
R9是C1-4烷基,该烷基被1到3个氟随意取代;
R10是OR8或R11;
R11是H、或C1-4烷基,该烷基是未被取代或是被1-3个F取代;或当R10和R11组成NR10R11时,它们可与N形成5-7员环,环中含碳或碳和一个或多个选自O、N和S的杂原子。
R13是未被取代或取代的下列杂环芳基基团:噁唑烷基、噁唑基、噻唑基、吡唑基、三唑基、四唑基、咪唑基、咪唑烷基、噻唑烷基、异噁唑基、噁二唑基和噻二唑基,其中R13在R12或R13上取代,这些环通过一个C原子相连接,每第二个R13环可能是未被取代的,或是被1或两个C1-2烷基取代的,此C1-2烷基或是未被取代的,或是甲基上被1到3个氟原子取代的。
R14是H或R7;当R8和R14组成NR8R14时,它们可与N共同形成5-7员环,环中含碳或碳和一个或几个选自O、N或S的杂原子;
R15是C(O)R14,C(O)NR8R14,S(O)qNR8R14或S(O)qR7;其中q为0,1或2;
条件是:
(f)R7不是未被取代或被1-3个F取代的C1-4烷基。
本发明还涉及含通式(I)的化合物和药用载体或稀释剂的药用组合物。
本发明范围还包括在哺乳动物(包括人类)体内介导或抑制PDE IV酶活性(或催化活性)的方法,该方法包括给需要治疗的哺乳动物以有效剂量的通式为(I)的化合物,具体如下。
本发明进一步提供了治疗过敏和炎症的方法,包括给需要治疗的哺乳动物(包括人类)以有效剂量的通式(I)的化合物。
本发明也提供了治疗哮喘的方法,包括给需要治疗的哺乳动物(包括人类)以有效剂量的通式为(I)的化合物。
本发明也涉及在哺乳动物体内(包括人类)抑制TNF产生的方法,给需要治疗的哺乳动物(包括人类)以抑制TNF有效量的通式(I)的化合物。该方法可能用于预防治疗,阻止某些TNF介导的某些症状。
本发明也涉及治疗人类感染人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)的方法,包括给需要治疗的人投以抑制TNF有效量的通式(I)的化合物。
通式(I)的化合物也用来治疗其它病毒感染的疾病,这些病毒对于TNF上调是敏感的,或者在体内诱导TNF产生。
此外,通式(I)化合物也用于治疗酵母和真菌感染,此处的酵母和真菌对TNF上调敏感或在体内诱导TNF产生。发明的详细描述
本发明涉及需要治疗的哺乳动物体内介导或抑制PDE IV酶活性(或催化活性)的方法,也涉及抑制需要治疗的哺乳动物体内TNF产生,包括给予上述哺乳动物有效剂量的通式(I)的化合物。磷酸二酯酶(PED VI)抑制剂用于治疗下列各种过敏性疾病或炎症:哮喘、慢性支气管炎、特异性皮炎、荨麻疹、过敏性鼻炎、过敏性结膜炎、青春结膜炎、嗜酸性肉芽肿、牛皮癣、风湿性关节炎、脓毒性休克、溃疡性结肠炎、克罗恩氏病、心肌和脑子的再灌注损伤、慢性肾小球性肾炎、内毒素性休克和成人呼吸窘迫综合症。此外,PDE IV抑制剂可用于治疗尿崩症和中枢神经系统紊乱如抑郁症和多梗死性痴呆。
预期要治疗的病毒是那些使受感染者产生TNF,或者是那些对于抑制是敏感的,如通过通式(I)的化合物制成的TNF抑制剂直接或间接地减少其复制。这类病毒包括下列病毒(但不限于这些病毒):HIV-1、HIV-2和HIV-3,巨细胞病毒(CMV)、流感病毒、腺病毒、疱疹病毒组,如带状疱疹和单纯性疱疹等病毒。
本发明尤其涉及遭受人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染之苦的哺乳动物治疗方法, 包括给予需要治疗的哺乳动物抑制TNF有效剂量的通式(I)的化合物。
本发明的化合物除了与治疗人类疾病有关外,还可能与兽医有联系,用以抑制需要治疗的兽类体内TNF的产生。在动物类中,治疗由TNF介导的疾病(包括治疗或预防),包括前面提到的各种疾病,最主要的是病毒感染。例如,这些病毒(但不限于):猫族免疫缺陷病毒(FIV)或其它的逆转录病毒感染,如马科感染的贫血病毒,羊关节炎病毒,绵羊髓鞘脱落病毒,maedi病毒及其它Lenfiviruses。
本发明的化合物也用于治疗酵母菌或真菌的感染,只要这些酵母菌和真菌对TNF上调是敏感的,或者它们诱发TNF在体内产生。较好疗效的一种疾病是真菌软膜蛛网膜炎。此外,通式(I)的化合物也可与其它合适的选择用于全身酵母菌和真菌感染药物配合。为治疗真菌感染,选用配合的药物(不限于此)有:多粘菌素类,如多链丝霉素B;咪唑类化合物,如克霉唑、益康唑、双氯苯咪唑、酮康唑;三唑类化合物,如Fluconazole、和itranazole,以及两性霉素类化合物,特别是两性霉素B和脂质体两性霉素B。
给需要治疗的哺乳动物以有效剂量的通式(I)的化合物,也可抑制和/或减少抗真菌剂、抗细菌剂及抗病毒剂的毒副作用。这些化合物抑制或减少两性霉素的毒性较有效,尤其是对两性霉素B。
·这里的“C1-3烷基”、“C1-4烷基”、“C1-6烷基”或“烷基”等基团,包括1-10个碳的直链或支链基团,除非链长已被限制,包括(但不限于)甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、仲丁基、异丁基、叔丁基,以及类似物。
“链烯基”包括1-6个C的直链或支链,除非链长被限制,包括(但不限于)乙烯基、1-丙烯基、2-丙烯基、2-丙炔基或3-甲基-2-丙烯基。
“环烷基”或“环烷基烷基”是指3-7个C原子基团,如环丙基、环丙基甲基、环戊基或环己基。
“芳基”或“芳烷基”,除特别说明外,是指含6-10个C的芳香环或 环系,如苯基、苄基、苯乙基或萘基。单环芳基较好,例如苯基较好。烷基链指1-4个C的直链或支链。“杂芳基”是含一个或几个杂原子的芳香环,例如咪唑基、三唑基、噁唑基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、吡唑基、吡咯基、呋喃基、或噻吩基。
“卤”是指所有的卤素即氟、氯、溴或碘。
“抑制IL-1的产生”或“抑制TNF产生”的意思是:
a)在人体内,所有细胞,包括单核细胞或巨噬细胞(但不限于此两种细胞)释放IL-1的作用被抑制,使体内过量的IL-1或TNF分别降低到正常水平或低于正常水平;
b)在人体内,在翻译或转录的水平上,过量的IL-1或TNF分别下调到正常水平或低于正常水平;或
c)通过抑制IL-1的直接合成或抑制TNF的水平,翻译后下调。
“TNF介导的疾病或疾病状态”是指TNF起作用的所有的疾病状态,或是由于TNF本身产生而致病,或者是TNF引起其它细胞因子释放,如IL-1或IL-6(但不限于此)的释放而致病。例如在某一病态,IL-1是主要成分,其产生或作用相应于TNF被加强或分泌,那么这种病态即被认为是TNF介导的病态。因为TNF-β(亦称为淋巴细胞毒素)与TNF-α(亦称为α-肿瘤坏死因子)结构很相似,且与相同的细胞受体结合,产生相似的生物效应,TNF-α和TNF-β二者也都能被本发明的化合物抑制,因此,除特别说明外,把它们统称为“TNF”。抑制TNF-α更好。
“细胞因子”是指任何一个分泌的多肽,它影响细胞功能;同时是一种在免疫、炎症或造血应答中调节细胞间相互作用的分子。细胞因子包括,但不限于,单核因子和淋巴因子,不管它们是什么细胞产生的。
用于治疗受HIV感染的人类的、由本发明化合物抑制的细胞因子必须是下面(a)和/或(b)中所指的细胞因子,(a)T-细胞活化作用的引发和/或维持和/或活化的T-细胞介导的HIV基因表达和/或复制,(b)与任何细胞因子介导的疾病相关的问题,如恶病质或肌肉退化。最好它的细胞因子是TNF-α。
在需要治疗的哺乳动物(包括人)体内,所有通式(I)的化合物在抑制TNF产生的方法中是有用的,最好是抑制巨噬细胞内的TNF、单核细胞内的TNF,或者是巨噬细胞和单核细胞内的TNF。所有通式(I)的化合物在抑制或介导PDE IV的酶活性或催化活性的方法中是有用的,在治疗其传递的病态时是有用的。
较好的化合物如下:
在通式(I)的化合物中,R1是被一个或几个卤素取代的烷基,其中卤素较好的是F和Cl,而R1最好是被1或几个F取代的C1-4烷基。较好的卤代烷基的链长是含1-2个C原子,而最好是:-CF3、-CH2F、-CHF2、-CF2CHF2、CH2CF3和CH2CHF2。在通式(I)的化合物中,R1取代基优选是CH2-环丙基、CH2C5-6环烷基、OH取代的或未被取代的C4-6环烷基、C7-11聚环烷基、(3-或4-环戊烯基)、苯基、四氢呋喃-3-基、未取代或由1或几个F取代的苄基或C1-2烷基、-(CH2)1-3C(O)O(CH2)0-2CH3、-(CH2)1-3O(CH2)0-2CH3和-(CH2)2-4OH。
当R1是(CR4R5)时,R4和R5独立是H或烷基。这考虑到单个的亚甲基单元的支链作为(CR4R5)n或(CR4R5)m;每个重复的亚甲基单元是彼此独立的,例如,当n=2时,则(CR4R5)n可能是-CH2CH(-CH3)-。重复的亚甲基单元或支链烃的单个H原子,可以是未被取代的,或者是被彼此独立的F所取代,以便获得如上面提到的较好的R1取代基。
当R1是C7-11多环烷基时,例如双环[2.2.1]-庚基、双环[2.2.2]辛基、双环[3.2.1]辛基、三环[5.2.1.02,6]癸基,等等。其它的例子请参阅:Saccamano等,WO87/06576,1987年11月5日公开。它的内容,收集于此作为参考。
W优选为C3-5的烷基、烯基或炔基,为烯基或炔基时,可以存在1个或2个双键或三键。最优选为乙炔基或1,3-丁二炔基。
Z较好的是:
OR14,OR15,SR14,S(O)m′R7,S(O)2NR10R14,NR10R14,
NR14C(O)R9,NR10C(O)R14,NR10C(O)OR7,NR10C(O)NR10R14,
NR10S(O)2NR10R14,NR10C(NCN)NR10R14,NR10S(O)2R7,
NR10C(CR4NO2)NR10R14,NR10C(NCN)SR9,NR10C(CR4NO2)SR9,
NR10C(NR10)NR10R14,NR10C(O)C(O)NR10R14,或NR10C(O)C(O)OR14.
通式(I)中优选X基团是YR2,Y是氧。通式(I)中较好的X2基团是O;通式(I)中较好的X3基团是H;适用时,较好的R2基团是未被取代或被1个或几个卤素取代的C1-2烷基。卤原子较好的是F和Cl,最好是F。较好的R2基团是甲基,或是氟代烷基、特别是氟代C1-2烷基,如-CF3、-CHF2、或-CF2CHF2。而最好的R2基团是-CHF2和-CH3。
R3是COOR14、C(O)NR4R14或R7。
R7较好的包括未被取代的或被-(CH2)1-2(环丙基)、-(CH2)0-2(环丁基)、-(CH2)0-2(环戊基)、-(CH2)0-2(环己基)、-(CH2)0-2(2-,3-或4-吡啶基)、(CH2)1-2(2-咪唑基)、(CH2)2(4-吗啉基)、(CH2)2(4-哌嗪基)、(CH2)1-2(2-噻吩基)、(CH2)1-2(4-噻唑基)、和(CH2)0-2苯基取代的。
当-NR10R11中的R10和R11与它们所连接的N组成5-7员环,环上含碳或碳和至少一个其他杂原子O、N或S时,这种环较好的包括(但不限于):1-咪唑基、2-(R8)-1-咪唑基、1-吡唑基、3-(R8)-1-吡唑基、1-三唑基、2-三唑基、5-(R8)-1-三唑基、5-(R8)-2-三唑基、5-(R8)-1-四唑基、5-(R8)-2-四唑基,1-四唑基,2-四唑基、吗啉基、哌嗪基、4-(R8)-1-哌嗪基或吡咯基环。
当-NR10R14中的R10与R14与它们所连接的N形成5-7员环,环上含碳或碳和至少一个其他杂原子O,N或S时,这种环较好的包括(但不限于):1-咪唑基、1-吡唑基、1-三唑基、2-三唑基、1-四唑基、2-四唑基、吗啉基、哌嗪基、和吡咯基。适当时各环可以再被取代,即可能的N或C上的原子由R7取代,R7的定义参见通式(I)。C原子上的取代基包括(但不限于):2-(R7)-1-咪唑基,4-(R7)-1-咪唑基、5-(R7)-1-咪唑基、3-(R7)-1-吡唑基、4-(R7)-1-吡唑基、5-(R7)-1-吡唑基、4-(R7)-2-三唑基、5-(R7)-2-三唑基、4-(R7)-1-三唑基、5-(R7)-1-三唑基、5-(R7)-1-四唑基和5-(R7)-2-四唑基。N原子上的R7取代包括(但不限于):1-(R7)-2-四唑基、2-(R7)-1-四唑基、4-(R7)-1-哌嗪基。有些环可能被R7取代一次或几次。
含有杂环的NR10R14的较好的基团是:5-(R14)-1-四唑基,2-(R14)-1-咪唑基、5-(R14)-2-四唑基、4-(R14)-1-哌嗪基或4-(R15)-1-哌嗪基。
较好的R13环包括:(2-,4-或5-咪唑基)、(3-,4-或5-吡唑基)、(4-或5-三唑基[1,2,3])、(3-或5-三唑基[1,2,4])、(5-四唑基)、(2-,4-或5-噁唑基)、(3-,4-或5-异噁唑基)、(3-或5-噁二唑基[1,2,4])、(2-噁二唑基[1,3,4])、(2-噻二唑基[1,3,4])、(2-,4-或5-噻唑基)、(2-,4-,5-噁唑烷基)、(2-,4-,或5-噻唑烷基)或(2-,4-或5-咪唑烷基)。
当R7基团是未被取代,或是被下列杂环取代时:咪唑基、吡唑基、三唑基、四唑基或噻唑基,杂环本身可以是未被取代的,也可以在环上的N或C原子上被R8取代,如:1-(R8)-2-咪唑基、1-(R8)-4-咪唑基、1-(R8)-5-咪唑基、1-(R8)-3-吡唑基、1-(R8)-4-吡唑基,1-(R8)-5-吡唑基、1-(R8)-4-三唑基或者1-(R8)-5-三唑基。适当时,环可能被R8取代一次或几次。
通式(I)的化合物,较好的应是:R1是-CH2-环丙基、-CH2-C5-6环烷基、未被取代的或被OH取代的-C4-6环烷基、四氢呋喃-3-基、(3-或4-环戊烯基)、未被取代的或被一个或几个F取代的苄基或-C1-2烷基,和-(CH2)2-4OH;R2是甲基、或氟代烷基;W为乙炔基或1,3-丁二炔基;R3是R7,其中R7是未被取代的或取代的芳基或杂芳环基;X是YR2;Z是OR14、OR15、NR10R14或NR14C(O)R9。
最好的化合物是:其中R1为-CH2-环丙基、环戊基、-3-羟基环戊基、甲基或-CF2H;X是YR2;Y是O;X2是O;X3是H;R2是CF2H或甲基;W是乙炔基或1,3-丁二炔基;R3是取代的或未被取代的嘧啶基环。
应当认识到,某些通式为(I)的化合物存在着消旋的形式或光学活性形式;有些也存在着明显不同的非对映异构体形式,因而具有明显不同的物理和生物学性质。所有这些化合物被考虑属于本发明的范围。
由本发明化合物制备的药用盐类,也包括在本发明范围,这些盐可以作为药用。即这些盐保持着母体化合物的生物活性,并且在使用和治疗时不出现不良反应或毒副作用。
化合物的药用盐类是按标准方法制备的。将母体化合物溶于适当溶剂中,用过量的有机酸或无机酸进行处理,例如当母体化合物是碱性的,加酸制成盐,或者当母体分子包括COOH时,加过量的有机或无机碱则制得其药用盐类。
本发明的药物组合物包含有药用载体或稀释剂和一定量的通式(I)的化合物。化合物的含量,可以是达到有效生理应答的剂量,也可以是较少的含量,这时使用者就要多用几个单位剂量,以达到治疗效果。这些组合物可以是固体,液体或气体形式。使用时这三种形态可以互相转换。例如固态的药可制成气溶胶形式使用,液态的药,也可喷雾使用或制成气溶胶使用。
药物组合物及药用载体或稀释剂的特性主要取决于给药的途径,例如非肠胃给药、局部用药、口服或吸入法给药等等。
对于局部用药,药物组合物应是乳剂、软膏剂、搽剂、洗剂和糊剂、气溶胶和滴剂,以便于治疗皮肤、眼睛、耳朵或鼻子。
为适应非肠道用药,药物组合物应制成无菌的注射液,如安瓿,或者水相或非水相液态悬浮液。
口服给药的药物组合物应是片剂、胶囊、粉剂、丸剂、atroche,锭剂、糖浆剂、口服液或乳剂。
当药物组合物制备成溶液或悬浮液时,适当的药物载体或稀释剂有:含水体系,如水;非水体系有乙醇、甘油、丙二醇、玉米油、棉子油、花生油、芝麻油、液体石蜡,以及它们与水的混合物;对固体系统,用乳糖、白陶土和甘露醇;对于气溶胶体系,用二氯二氟甲烷、三氟氯乙烷、以及压缩二氧化碳等。除药用载体或稀释剂外,组合物中可能还包括其它成分,如稳定剂、抗氧化剂、防腐剂、润滑剂、助悬剂、粘度调节剂等等,只要这些成分在治疗时不产生不良效应即可。
上述药物组合物是按照通常的制剂工艺,得到需要的最终产品。
在组合物中载体或稀释剂的量不是固定的,一般比较好的做法,是使这些载体或稀释剂在活性成分的药剂悬浮液或溶液中占主要比例。当稀释剂是固体时,它的含量可少于、等于或大于固体的活性成分。
通常,通式(I)的化合物的给药量是掌握在足够抑制病症,而又不致于产生毒副作用,这种病的因素包括白三烯。局部给药的处方中,活性成分占0.01-5.0%,视感染区的预防或治疗的需要而定。当采用口服或其它消化道系统给药或者注射给药时,组合物的剂量是选择在每次用药时,有效成分含量在50mg-1,000mg之间。为了方便,每天用药1-5次,每次剂量相同,使每天用药量约在50-5,000mg之间。
按照本发明用药、不会出现不可接受的毒副作用。制备方法
合成反应式,并附文字说明
通式(I)的化合物可以按照后面实施例的方法制备。实施例中没有描述的通式(I)的其余化合物可以按照实施例中发明的类似方法制备,包括:
按照本发明的方法制备通式(I)的化合物时,可将端基炔与适宜的卤化物反应,其中,Z为按通式(I)关系定义的基或为可以转变为Z基的基,作为反应式1中的化合物1,在卤化物R3X中,R3为按通式(I)的关系定义的基或为可以转变为R3的基,反应在适当的催化剂存在下,例如在卤化亚铜(I)和有三苯基膦存在的二价或零价钯化合物的存在下,在适宜的溶剂中例如在胺中进行,见于Brandsma等的方法(Syn,Comm.,1990,20,1889),得到反应式1的化合物2。
制备其中X或X3不为Br、I、NO2、氨基或S(O)m’R2的化合物,m’为0,1或2,其中Z为OH时,则将通式(2)的化合物,
R1为按通式(I)的关系定义的基或为可以转变为R1的基,X和X3为按通式(I)的关系定义的基或为可以转变为X或X3的基,R3为乙炔型基,与适宜的还原剂例如硼氢化理、二硅戊基硼烷(disiamylborane)、三(叔丁氧基)铝锂,或硼氢化钠,在适宜的非反应性溶剂中,例如在1,2-二甲氧基乙烷、四氢呋喃或醇中反应,得到其中Z为OH的化合物;按类似的方式从通式(2)的化合物制备通式(I)的这类化合物,在通式(2)中=Z’为醛基保护基,例如为二甲缩醛基或二氧戊环基,接着脱保护成为醛,然后按标准化方法加工为其中Z’不为氧的通式(I)的其它化合物。
制备其中Z为NH2、NHCH3或N(CH3)2的化合物时,将其中R1为按通式(I)的关系定义的基,或为可转变为R1的基,X和X3为按通式(I)的关系定义的基或为可转变为X或X3的基的通式(2)的化合物分别与铵盐反应,例如与甲酸铵、盐酸甲胺,或盐酸二甲胺反应,反应在适宜的还原剂存在下,例如在氰基硼氢化钠的存在下,在适宜的溶剂中,例如在醇中进行,分别得其中Z为NH2、NHCH3或N(CH3)2的通式(I)化合物。
另外,制备其中Z为NH2的通式(I)的化合物时,将通式(2)的适当的醇,通式(2)中Z为OH,R1为按通式(I)的关系定义的基或为可以转化为R1的基,X和X3为按通式(I)的关系定义的基或为可以转化为X和X3的基,与膦的络合物,例如与三苯基膦和偶氮二甲酸酯反应,在亚胺存在下,例如在邻苯二甲酰亚胺存在下反应,然后在醇性溶剂中肼解。
制备其中Z为SR14的通式(I)化合物时,将适宜的通式(2)的化合物,其中Z为离去基,例如Z为甲磺酸酯基、对甲苯磺酸酯基,氯或溴,R1为按通式(I)的关系定义的基,或为可转变为R1的基,X和X3为按通式(I)的关系定义的基或为可转变为X或X3的基,与巯金属盐例如与NaSR14反应,在适宜的非质子溶剂中反应。制备其中Z为SH的通式(I)的化合物时,可以将适宜的通式(2)的醇,其中Z为OH,与膦复合物,例如与三苯基膦及偶氮二甲酸酯反应,反应在硫代乙酸存在下进行,接着将生成的硫代乙酸酯水解。
其中Z为OH的通式(I)的化合物可使用文献中标准的醇转化方法相互转化。应当认识到,通式(I)的化合物可以以具有不同的物理性质和不同的生物学性质的两种不同的非对映异构体存在;这类异构体可用标准的色谱方法分离。这类异构体可独立转变为Z不为OH、SH和NH2的通式(I)的其余化合物,转化时通过O、S、和N的文献已知的广泛的烷基化、磺酰胺基化、亚胺化、氧化或酰化反应中的任一反应来实现。
例如使用任何化学敏感的功能基操作,其中NR13R14为环的通式(1)的化合物,例如1-或2-四唑,可以由其中为Z离去基,例如为甲磺酸酯、对甲苯磺酸酯、氯或溴的通式(I)的适宜化合物与HNR13R14的适宜的金属盐例如5-(R14)-四唑的金属盐反应制备;其中Z为甲磺酸酯、对甲苯磺酸酯、溴或氯的通式(I)的适宜化合物反过来由其中Z为OH的通式(1)的适宜的化合物制备。
对任何化学敏感的功能基进行适当的加工(保护/去保护):
a)其中X或X3为甲酰胺的通式(I)的化合物可在最后一步制备,通过对其中X或X3为NH2的化合物甲酰化,NH2化合物从氨基上脱去保护基而得到;这类保护基为文献已知,见于
Greene,T.and Wuts,P.G.M.Protecting Groups in Organic Synthesis,2nd Ed,John Wiley and Sons,New York(1991).
b)其中X或X3为Br、I或SR2的通式(I)的化合物可以从类似的脱保护的胺通过胺的重氮化和对重氮盐取代而制得。
c)其中X或X3为NO2的通式(I)的化合物通过将类似脱保护胺氧化或硝基化合物而制得。
反应式1的通式1化合物可按照与上面描述的方法类似的操作制备,进一步描述见于美国专利申请书08/131053及它的子申请书。
此外,其中Z和R3为按通式(I)的关系定义的基或为可转变成Z或R3的基的通式(I)的化合物可以从对应的酮制备,例如从反应式2的化合物1制备,制备时按下面描述的方法,使用一些环己-3-酮中间体,并按美国专利申请书08/131053和它的子申请书所述进行。
通式(I)的化合物可以由其中Z为O的前体制备,由环己烷环的1位CHO、3位含羰基的通式(I)的化合物开始,3位羰基通过与二甲基(偶氮甲基)膦酸酯和叔丁醇钾或其它适宜的碱在惰性溶剂中,例如在四氢呋喃中低温反应,生成缩酮保护基,然后适当地后处理并对酮脱保护。这样得到的通式(I)的化合物含C≡CH。此外,酮脱保护前炔在合适的条件下先用强碱再用烷基化试剂R3L对炔进行烷基化反应,其中L为离去基,然后酮脱保护,得到的通式(I)的化合物含C≡CR3。
其中X或X3为甲酰胺基,Z为O的中间体可以在最后一步对其中==Z为保护酮基、X为NH2的化合物甲酰化制得,含NH2的化合物从氨基上脱保护得到,这类保护基为文献已知,见于Greene,T.and Wuts,P.G.M.,Protecting Groups in Organic Synthesis,2nd Ed.,John Wiley and Sons,NewYork(1991).
c)其中X或X3为Br或I,Z为O的中间体可从类似的脱保护胺重氮化并对重氮盐进行Sandmeyer反应进行取代而制备。
d)其中X或X3为NO2,Z为O的中间体可以从类似的脱保护胺氧化成硝基而制备。
e)其中Y为S(O)m’,m’为1或2,Z为O的中间体可以从其中Y为S的中间体在文献已知的条件下将SR2残基氧化制备。
按下面的反应式2将酮转变为醇类或上面定义的其它Z基。
反应式2
另外的方法,是端炔烃(例如反应式3的化合物I)氧化羰基化,例如利用适当的金属盐(如铜盐)与催化用量的钯盐,在适当的碱(例如醋酸钠,作为酸吸收剂)存在下,在适当醇里(如甲醇),按照Tsuji et al(Tet.Letter.,1980,21,849)方法;得到通式(I)的化合物(反应式3的化合物2);通过对上面描述的酮进行加工及通过羧基酯部分的标准变换或酰胺化条件,化学式(I)的这些化合物可转变成化学式(I)的其它化合物。这类酮原料的合成亦见于1994年9月23日注册的PCT申请PCT/US94/10815,里面描述了以下方法:
制备其中X和X3不为Br,I、NO2、氨基、甲酰氨基,或S(O)m’,其中m’为1或2的中间体时,将通式(2)的化合物与通式(3)的化合物反应,通式(2)中R1为按通式(I)的关系定义的基或为可转变为R1的基,X为按通式(I)的关系定义的基或为可转变为X的基,X3为按通式(I)的关系定义的基或为可转变为X3的基,X4为反离子(例如为锂离子、镁离子等等),在通式(3)中X5为例如OCH3、OC2H5、OCH(CH3)2等等,接着进行适宜的后处理,得到通式(4)的化合物,在通式(4)中,R1为按通式(I)的关系定义的基或为可转变为R1的基,X为按通式(I)的关系定义的基或为可转变为X的基,X3为按通式(I)的关系定义的基或为可转变为X3的基(见专利申请书WO9115-451-A,WIPO公开)。通式(4)的这类化合物与适宜的前体R3进行Michael类型的反应,得到通式(1)的化合物;例如使用氰化二乙基铝,得到其中R1为按通式(I)的关系定义的基或为可转变为R1的基,X为按通式(I)的关系定义的基或为可转变为X的基,X3为按通式(I)的关系定义的基或可转变为X3的基和R3为氰基的通式(I)的化合物。
其中3位为CHO、Z为O的中间体可在酮基适当保护,例如保护为缩酮后从其中3位为CN,Z为O的其它中间体制备。这些化合物然后用例如氢化二异丁基铝还原CN并进行适当的后处理。
使用Tsuji等的方法(Tet.Lett.,1980,21,849),处理反应式3的通式(2)的炔中间体;该中间体按上所述处理酮基并使用标准的酯交换或酰胺化条件独立处理羧酸酯基便可转变为通式(I)的化合物。
端基炔例如反应式4的化合物1,其中Z为按通式(I)的关系定义的基或为可转变为Z的基,使用适宜的金属盐例如铜盐与催化量钯盐,在合适的碱作为酸吸收剂例如乙酸钠存在下,在适宜的醇例如甲醇中按Tsuji等的方法(Tet.Lett.,1980,21,849)进行类似的氧化羰基化,得到反应式4的通式2的化合物;使用标准的酯交换或酰胺化条件对酯基进行处理,这类化合物可转变为通式(I)的其它化合物。
反应式4a)PdCl2,CuCl2,NaO2CCH3,CO,CH3OH
按照文献方法,特别是对OH基进行处理,可以制备其中Z不为OH的化合物。这类方法在未决美国专利申请书08/131053及PCT申请书序列号PCT/US94/10798(1994年9月23日提交)中有叙述。
按照上面描述的和下面的实施例中描述的类似方法,可制备通式(I)的其余化合物。
应当认识到,通式(I)的一些化合物可以以具有不同的物理性质和生物学性质的不同的非对映异构体存在;这类异构体可用标准色谱方法分离。
下面的实施例仅为进一步说明描述的发明。这些实施例只是为了解释本发明,决不以任何形式限制本发明。发明者的权利要求载于权利要求书。实验部分
实施例13-(3-环戊基氧-4-甲氧基苯基)-3-乙炔基环己-1-酮的制备1a).3-(3-环戊基氧-4-甲氧基苯基)-3-三甲基硅基乙炔基环己-1-酮
在氩气保护下往三甲基硅基乙炔(1.97ml,13.96mmol)与无水乙醚(30ml)的溶液中,于-45℃滴加正丁基锂(2.45M,己烷溶液,5.7ml,13.96mmol),历时5分钟。1.5小时后,该溶液经管道加到氯化二甲基铝(1.0M,己烷溶液,13.96ml,13.96mmol)的溶液中。室温反应3.5小时后,混合物在氩气保护下用硅藻土_过滤。在氩气保护下,0℃和搅拌下,通过分液漏斗往乙酰丙酮酸镍(360mg,1.4mmol)与无水乙醚(25ml)的混合物中滴加氢化二异丁基铝(1.0M,甲苯溶液,1.4ml,1.4mmol)。10分钟后,混合物再冷至-10℃,经导管往里加乙炔铝,历时15分钟。往里滴加3-(3-环戊基氧-4-甲氧基苯基)环己-2-烯-1-酮(2.0g,6.98mmol,按美国专利5362915制备)与无水乙醚(70ml)的溶液,历时20分钟。室温反应18小时后,于0℃将混合物倾入100ml饱和磷酸单钾(单碱基)的水溶液中,加100ml 3N盐酸水溶液,水层用乙醚萃取2次。合并的萃取液用饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸镁干燥,蒸发。用闪式色谱纯化,用2∶1己烷/乙醚洗脱,用乙醚/己烷研磨,母液再用闪式色谱纯化,用4∶1己烷/乙酸乙酯洗脱,接着用乙醚/己烷研磨,得到白色固体,mp102-103℃。1b).3-(3-环戊基氧-4-甲氧基苯基)-3-乙炔基环己-1-酮
氟化钾(900mg,15.6mmol)和3-(3-环戊基氧-4-甲氧基苯基)-3-三甲基硅基乙炔基环己-1-酮(0.3g,0.78mmol)的混合物在氩气保护下在无水N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(3ml)中搅拌。18小时后减压除去溶剂,残留物在水和乙酸乙酯间分配,水层用乙酸乙酯萃取2次,合并的萃取液用无水硫酸镁干燥,蒸发。用闪式色谱纯化,用4∶1己烷/乙酸乙酯洗脱,得到无色油状物。元素分析(C20H24O3·1/10H2O),计算值:C,76.45;H,7.76;实测值:C,76.32;H,7.60。
实施例23-(3-环戊基氧-4-甲氧基苯基)-3-苯基乙炔基环己-1-酮的制备
在氩气保护下往实施例1b的化合物(0.125g,0.4mmol)和碘苯(0.4ml,2.0mmol)与哌啶(6ml)的溶液中加微量四(三苯基膦)钯(O)、碘化亚铜(I)和三苯基膦。混合物回流5小时,减压浓缩。残留物用乙酸乙酯(100ml)稀释,用饱和食盐水洗,用无水硫酸镁干燥,蒸发。用闪式色谱纯化,用2∶1己烷/乙酸乙酯洗脱,用乙醚/己烷研磨,得标题化合物,为白色固体(0.09g,58%),mp90-91℃。
实施例3
反式〔3-(3-环戊基氧-4-甲氧基苯基)-3-苯基乙炔基环己-1-醇〕和顺式-〔3-(3-环戊基氧-4-甲氧基苯基)-3-苯基乙炔基环己-1-醇〕的制备
在氩气保护并缓缓加热下将实施例1(b)的化合物(0.18g,0.46mmol)溶于10∶1甲醇/乙醇(11ml)并用硼氢化钠(0.035g,0.9mmol)处理。0.5小时后,加10%氢氧化钠溶液,混合物减压浓缩。残留物在乙酸乙酯和水之间分配。有机层用饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸镁干燥,蒸发。用闪式色谱纯化,用4∶1己烷/乙酸乙酯洗脱,得标题化合物,为无色油状物。主产物:TLC Rf 0.26(硅胶板,3∶1己烷/乙酸乙酯展开)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.44(m,2H),7.30(m,3H),7.16(d,J=2.3Hz,1H),7.06(dd,J=8.4,2.2Hz,1H),6.84(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),4.80(m,1H),4.1(m,1H),3.84(s,3H),2.35-1.60(m,16H).微量产物:TLC Rf 0.20(硅胶板,3∶1己烷/乙酸乙酯展开)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.44(m,2H),7.31(m,3H),7.25(br s,1H),7.12(m,1H),6.86(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),4.81(m,1H),4.24(m,1H),3.86(s,3H),2.35(m,1H),2.12-1.57(m,13H),127-1.35(m,2H).两种产物的相对立体化学未指定。
简单地用制备通式(I)其它化合物所需的其它适宜中间体代替实施例1和2中的中间体,采用与上述类似的方法,可以类似地制得通式I的其它化合物。应用实施例
实施例A通式(I)的化合物在体外对通过人类单核细胞TNF产生的抑制作用
通式(I)的化合物在体外对通过人类单核细胞TNF产生的抑制效果的测定方法,参阅下面文献:Badger et al.,EPO(欧洲专利局)公布的申请号0411754A2,1991年2月6日;和Hanna,WO90/15534,1990年12月27日。
实施例B
内毒素休克的两个模型已用来测定通式(I)的化合物在体内抑制TNF的活性。测定方法请参阅:Badger et al.,欧洲专利公开0411754A2,1991年2月6日;和Hanna,WO90/15534,1990年12月27日。
体内试验表明,实施例1化合物减少了由于注射内毒素诱导所产生的TNF在血清中的含量。
实施例C
PDE同功酶的分离
利用一组5个性质各不相同的PDE同功酶可测定通式(I)的化合物的磷酸二酯酶抑制活性和选择性。用作不同同功酶来源的组织如下:1)PDE Ib来自猪的主动脉;2)PDE Ic来自豚鼠心脏;3)PEY III,亦来自豚鼠心脏;4)PDE IV来自人的单核细胞;5)PDE V(亦称“Ia”),来自犬的气管肌。PDEs Ia,Ib,Ic和III,利用标准色谱法进行部分纯化。[参阅:Torphy and Cieslinski,Mol.Pharmacol.,37:206-214,1990]PDE IV通过阴离子交换,接着用肝素-葡聚糖凝胶色谱纯化到动态均一性。[参阅:Torphy et al.,J.Biol.Chem.,267:1798-1804,1992]。
用文献(Torphy and Cieslinski,Mol.Pharmacol;37:206-214,1990)里介绍的方法检验3磷酸二酯酶的活性。前面各个例子里介绍的通式(I)的化合物的半有效抑制浓度(IC50)为纳摩尔(nanomolar)到微摩尔(μM)范围内。
Claims (6)
1、通式(I)的化合物或其药用盐类:
其中:
R1是-(CR4R5)nC(O)O(CR4R5)mR6,-(CR4R5)nC(O)NR4(CR4R5)mR6,-(CR4R5)nO(CR4R5)mR6,或-(CR4R5)rR6。其中烷基部分可能是未被取代,也可以是被1到几个卤原子取代的;
m是0到2
n是0到4
r是0到6
R4和R5分别是氢或C1-2烷基;
R6是氢、甲基、羟基、芳基、卤代芳基,芳氧基C1-3烷基,卤代芳氧基C1-3烷基,2,3-二氢代茚基、茚基、C7-11聚环烷基、四氢呋喃基,呋喃基,四氢吡喃基、吡喃基、四氢噻吩基、噻吩基、四氢噻喃基、噻喃基、C3-6环烷基,或有1个或2个不饱和键的C4-6环烃基,其中的环烷基或杂环部分可以是未被取代的、也可以是被1-3个甲基、1个乙基或一个羟基取代的;
条件是:
a)当R6是羟基时,m是2;或
b)当R6是羟基时,r是2到6;或
c)当R6是2-四氢吡喃基、2-四氢噻喃基、2-四氢呋喃基或2-四氢噻吩基时,m是1或2;或
d)当R6是2-四氢吡喃基,2-四氢噻喃基,2-四氢呋喃基、或2-四氢噻吩基,r是1到6;
e)当n是1,m是0时,在-(CR4R5)nO(CR4R5)mR6中,R6不是H;
X是YR2、F、NR4R5或甲酰胺;
Y是O或S(O)m’;
m’是0、1或2;
X2是O或NR8;
X3是氢或X;
X4是H、R9、OR8、CN、C(O)R8、C(O)OR8、C(O)NR8R8或NR8R8;
R2独立选自未被取代或被1个或几个卤素取代的-CH3或-CH2CH3,
s是0到4;
W是2到6个碳原子的烷基,2到6个碳原子的链烯基,或2到6个碳原子的炔基;
R3是COOR14,C(O)NR4R14或R7;
Z是
OR14,OR15,SR14,S(O)m′R7,S(O)2NR10R14,NR10R14,
NR14C(O)R9,NR10C(Y′)R14,NR10C(O)OR7,NR10C(Y′)NR10R14,
NR10S(O)2NR10R14,NR10C(NCN)NR10R14,NR10S(O)2R7,
NR10C(CR4NO2)NR10R14,NR10C(NCN)SR9,NR10C(CR4NO2)SR9,
NR10C(NR10)NR10R14,NR10C(O)C(O)NR10R14,或NR10C(O)C(O)OR14;
Y’为O或S;
R7是-(CR4R5)qR12或C1-6烷基,其中R12或C1-6烷基是未被取代的,或者被甲基或乙基取代一次或多次,这里的甲基或乙基是未被取代的或被1-3个氟取代的,或是被下述取代基取代一次或多次:
-F,-Br,-Cl,-NO2,-NR10R11,-C(O)R8,-CO2R8,
-O(CH2)2-4OR8,-O(CH2)2-4OR8,-O(CH2)qR8,-CN,-C(O)NR10R11,
-O(CH2)qC(O)NR10R11,-O(CH2)qC(O)R9,-NR10C(O)NR10R11,-NR10C(O)R11,
-NR10C(O)OR9,-NR10C(O)R13,-C(NR10)NR10R11,-C(NCN)NR10R11,
-C(NCN)SR9,-NR10C(NCN)SR9,-NR10C(NCN)NR10R11,-NR10S(O)2R9,
-S(O)m′R9,-NR10C(O)C(O)NR10R11,-NR10C(O)C(O)R10,或R13;
q是0,1或2;
R12是R13,C3-7环烷基,或未取代或取代的芳基或杂芳基,选自(2-,3-或4-吡啶基)、嘧啶基、吡唑基、(1-或2-咪唑基)、吡咯基、哌嗪基、哌啶基、吗啉基,呋喃基、(2-或3-噻吩基)、喹啉基、萘基或苯基;
R8是氢或R9;
R9是任选被1到3个氟取代的C1-4烷基;
R10是OR8或R11;
R11是氢或未被取代或被1到3个氟取代的C1-4烷基;或者当R10和R11形成NR10R11时,它们可以与N共同形成5-7员环,环中含碳或碳和一个或多个选自O、N或S的杂原子;
R13是取代的或未被取代的下列杂环芳基基团:噁唑烷基、噁唑基、噻唑基、吡唑基、三唑基、四唑基、咪唑基、咪唑烷基、噻唑烷基、异噁唑基、噁二唑基和噻二唑基;R13在R12或R13上取代,这些环通过C原子连接,每第二个R13环可以未被取代或被1到2个C1-2烷基取代,此C1-2烷基可以是未取代的,或是在甲基上有1到3个取代氟原子;
R14是氢或R7;或者当R8和R14形成NR8R14时,它们可以与氮共同形成5-7员环,环上含碳或碳和1个或几个另外的杂原子O、N或S;
R15是C(O)R14,C(O)NR4R14,S(O)qR7或S(O)qNR8R14,其中q为0,1或2,
条件是:
(f)R7不是未取代的或被1到3个F取代的C1-4烷基。
2、按照权利要求1的化合物。其中R1是-CH2-环丙基,-CH2-C5-6环烷基、未取代或被OH取代的C4-6环烷基,四氢呋喃-3-基,(3-或4-环戊烯基),未取代的或被1个或多个氟取代的苄基或-C1-2烷基,和-(CH2)2-4OH;R2为甲基或氟取代的烷基;W是乙炔基或1,3-丁二炔基;R3是未取代的或被芳基或杂芳基杂芳基环取代的R7,X是YR2,Z是OR14、OR15、NR10R14或NR14C(O)R9。
3、权利要求2的化合物,其中R7为未取代的或取代的-(CH2)0-2(2-,3-或4-吡啶基)、(CH2)1-2(2-咪唑基)、(CH2)2(4-吗啉基)、(CH2)2(4-哌嗪基)、(CH2)1-2(2-噻吩基)、(CH2)1-2(4-噻唑基)、取代或未取代嘧啶基,或未取代或取代(CH2)0-2苯基。
4、权利要求3的化合物,为反式-〔3-(3-环戊基氧-4-甲氧基苯基)-3-苯基乙炔基环己-1-醇〕或顺式-〔3-(3-环戊基氧-4-甲氧基苯基)-3-苯基乙炔基环己-1-醇〕。
5、含权利要求1的通式(I)的化合物和可以药用的赋形剂的药物制品。
6、治疗气喘的方法,该法包括给需要治疗的哺乳毒物单独服用有效量的权利要求1的通式(I)的化合物或服用它与可药用赋形剂的混合物。
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US36312694A | 1994-12-23 | 1994-12-23 | |
US08/363,126 | 1994-12-23 |
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CN1175209A true CN1175209A (zh) | 1998-03-04 |
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CN95197688A Pending CN1175209A (zh) | 1994-12-23 | 1995-12-21 | 3,3-(二取代)环己-1-醇单体及相关化合物 |
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US (1) | US5866616A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0796091A4 (zh) |
JP (1) | JPH10511664A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1175209A (zh) |
AU (1) | AU711101B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR9510289A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2208445A1 (zh) |
CZ (1) | CZ196197A3 (zh) |
FI (1) | FI972674A0 (zh) |
HU (1) | HUT77356A (zh) |
NO (1) | NO972907L (zh) |
NZ (1) | NZ300524A (zh) |
PL (1) | PL321000A1 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO1996019977A1 (zh) |
ZA (1) | ZA9510826B (zh) |
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US6808902B1 (en) | 1999-11-12 | 2004-10-26 | Amgen Inc. | Process for correction of a disulfide misfold in IL-1Ra Fc fusion molecules |
YU103003A (sh) | 2001-06-26 | 2006-05-25 | Abgenix Inc. | Antitela za opgl |
JP2006517191A (ja) * | 2002-12-30 | 2006-07-20 | アムジエン・インコーポレーテツド | 共刺激因子を用いた併用療法 |
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US5767151A (en) * | 1995-12-21 | 1998-06-16 | Smithkline Beecham Corporation | 3,3-(disubstituted) cyclohexan-1-ylidine acetate dimers and related compounds |
-
1995
- 1995-12-20 ZA ZA9510826A patent/ZA9510826B/xx unknown
- 1995-12-21 HU HU9701912A patent/HUT77356A/hu unknown
- 1995-12-21 EP EP95943973A patent/EP0796091A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1995-12-21 CA CA002208445A patent/CA2208445A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-12-21 PL PL95321000A patent/PL321000A1/xx unknown
- 1995-12-21 WO PCT/US1995/016840 patent/WO1996019977A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1995-12-21 CN CN95197688A patent/CN1175209A/zh active Pending
- 1995-12-21 NZ NZ300524A patent/NZ300524A/en unknown
- 1995-12-21 BR BR9510289A patent/BR9510289A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1995-12-21 CZ CZ971961A patent/CZ196197A3/cs unknown
- 1995-12-21 JP JP8520566A patent/JPH10511664A/ja not_active Ceased
- 1995-12-21 US US08/860,290 patent/US5866616A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-12-21 AU AU45900/96A patent/AU711101B2/en not_active Ceased
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1997
- 1997-06-19 FI FI972674A patent/FI972674A0/fi unknown
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NO972907D0 (no) | 1997-06-20 |
WO1996019977A1 (en) | 1996-07-04 |
FI972674A (fi) | 1997-06-19 |
EP0796091A4 (en) | 1998-03-25 |
HUT77356A (hu) | 1998-03-30 |
PL321000A1 (en) | 1997-11-24 |
MX9704740A (es) | 1997-10-31 |
FI972674A0 (fi) | 1997-06-19 |
JPH10511664A (ja) | 1998-11-10 |
EP0796091A1 (en) | 1997-09-24 |
US5866616A (en) | 1999-02-02 |
AU711101B2 (en) | 1999-10-07 |
CA2208445A1 (en) | 1996-07-04 |
NZ300524A (en) | 1998-08-26 |
ZA9510826B (en) | 1996-06-20 |
NO972907L (no) | 1997-08-15 |
BR9510289A (pt) | 1997-11-11 |
AU4590096A (en) | 1996-07-19 |
CZ196197A3 (cs) | 1998-01-14 |
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