CN117487605A - 一种绿色润滑油添加剂及润滑油组合物 - Google Patents
一种绿色润滑油添加剂及润滑油组合物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及润滑油领域,其公开了一种绿色润滑油添加剂及润滑油组合物,润滑油添加剂由以下重量份的原料组成:醚类12份、聚甲基丙烯酸酯7.5份、二辛基二苯胺0.5份和环丙烷羧酸80份;所述醚类为重量比为1:2的丁醚和乙二醇二丁醚的混合物,以上组分混合均匀。本发明提供的润滑油添加剂及润滑油组合物,绿色环保无硫,制备方法简单,在高载荷下更加有效的减少摩擦磨损。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及润滑油领域,尤其涉及一种绿色润滑油添加剂及润滑油组合物。
背景技术
摩擦是与人类活动有关的能量损失的主要原因。减少摩擦将有助于在全球能源审计中实现碳中和。摩擦把有价值的动能转化为热能,使运动部件磨损。全球产生的所有能量的五分之一用于克服摩擦(约1亿TJ)。工业(29%)和交通运输(27%)是最大的能源用户。仅在全球公路运输中,每年就要消耗2000亿升汽油来克服摩擦。润滑剂可以有效减少摩擦;没有润滑剂,世界的运转也不会顺利。
然而,润滑油也存在着环境问题,会产生大量的有毒废物,润滑油组成中的基础油和添加剂,在受到空气中的氧气以及摩擦条件下的温度和金属作用,会发生氧化等化学质变,这也是污染的来源,因此需要开发更清洁,更有效的润滑油,对此我们提出了使用环丙烷羧酸(CPCa)来作为润滑油添加剂,相比于之前所使用的添加剂而言,比如二烷基二硫代磷酸锌(ZDDP),环丙烷羧酸的化学式中只含有C、H、O,没有有毒害的S元素,同时也可以在一定程度上代替其减少摩擦磨损的作用。因此本发明提出使用环丙烷羧酸作为润滑油添加剂的组分,起到减少摩擦带来的损害。
发明内容
为了克服以上技术问题,本发明提出了一种润滑油添加剂及其制备方法,该润滑油添加剂在高载荷的情况下显著降低摩擦系数,减少摩擦磨损,且稳定性较好。
本发明提供了如下的技术方案:
本发明提供了一种绿色润滑油添加剂,其由以下重量份的原料组成:醚类12份、聚甲基丙烯酸酯7.5份、二辛基二苯胺0.5份和环丙烷羧酸80份;所述醚类为重量比为1:2的丁醚和乙二醇二丁醚的混合物,以上组分混合均匀。
根据一些实施方式,所述环丙烷羧酸的纯度至少97%。
本发明还提供了一种润滑油组合物,其包括聚α烯烃油和如权利要求1所述绿色润滑油添加剂。
根据一些实施方式,所述绿色润滑油添加剂的质量占比为2.5%。
根据一些实施方式,所述聚α烯烃油的规格为PAO 4。
相比于现有技术,本发明具备以下有益效果:
本发明提出了一种绿色润滑油添加剂及润滑油组合物,该润滑油添加剂及润滑油组合物,绿色环保无硫,制备方法简单,稳定性较好,在高载荷下更加有效的减少摩擦磨损。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例2提供的实验结果图。
图2为本发明实施例3提供的试验结果图。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例和附图对本发明进行详细描述,但需要理解的是,所述实施例和附图仅用于对本发明进行示例性的描述,而并不能对本发明的保护范围构成任何限制。所有包含在本发明的发明宗旨范围内的合理的变换和组合均落入本发明的保护范围。
在润滑油研究过程中,发明人发现了环丙烷羧酸(CPCa)在润滑油中的新用途,继而提出了一种绿色润滑油添加剂,并验证了添加这种新配制的添加剂的润滑油在高载下更能发挥出抗磨的优越性能,同时还具备制备简单的优点。
本发明选用的环丙烷羧酸,规格为分析纯,选用的纯度为97%,将其作为润滑油添加剂主要成分后,得到的优选配置比例为PAO 4油质量分数的2.5%。由于环丙烷羧酸的亚稳定性,当处于边界润滑条件下的摩擦测试中很容易解离,导致了摩擦膜的形成,同时也伴随着摩擦和磨损的减少。实验过程中,首先配比了含有一系列浓度梯度配制添加剂的润滑油组合物,聚α烯烃油(即PAO 4)中分别添加含有质量分数为2.5%、5%、7.5%、10%的含环丙烷羧酸的配制添加剂,在摩擦试验条件的对比下,发现当聚α烯烃油中含有质量分数为2.5%的配制添加剂的时候具有最低的摩擦系数,因此确立此配比为最优配比,使用该质量分数的配制添加剂作为聚α烯烃基础油的润滑油添加剂。后续将添加该配比配制添加剂的润滑油和未添加的纯油对比进行了摩擦试验,发现在高载荷下,纯油的摩擦系数增大很多,符合斯特里贝克曲线,但是添加了配制添加剂后,摩擦系数并没增大,还有下降的趋势,通过表征磨痕也能明显对比出,添加了配制添加剂后摩擦出来的磨痕在宽度和深度上都小于未添加的纯润滑油,这说明了在高载下添加配制添加剂确实有显著的降低摩擦磨损的作用。
下面对本发明进行进一步说明。
实施例1
本实施例中,绿色润滑油添加剂,简称配制添加剂,由以下重量份的原料制成:醚类12份,聚甲基丙烯酸酯7.5份,二辛基二苯胺0.5份,环丙烷羧酸80份;所述醚类为重量比为1:2的丁醚和乙二醇二丁醚的混合物,以上组分混合均匀即成。
该配比中,醚类作为润滑油中的分散剂,聚甲基丙烯酸酯作为润滑油中的降凝剂,二辛基二苯胺是润滑油中的抗氧剂,以上三者都是常用润滑油添加剂。
PAO油和PAO 4油有区别,PAO油泛指聚α-烯烃这一类油,其后的数字不同代表不同品质的油,主要是粘度上的区别,其中PAO 4油也经常被作为润滑油基础油。
然后将对实施例1提供的绿色润滑油添加剂进行试验,在进行验证试验前,首先配比了含有两组相同的不同浓度梯度配制添加剂的润滑油组合物,聚α烯烃油规格选自PAO4,在其中分别添加含有质量分数为2.5%、5%、7.5%、10%的实施例1提供的配制添加剂,配制成两组四种不同组分的润滑油组合物。分别进行如实施例2和实施例3的对比实验。
实施例2
本实施例为第一对比例,在此实施例中进行了不同配比的含环丙烷羧酸的润滑油组合物的对比的实验:
使用UMT-2摩擦试验机,在室温,大气压的情况下进行摩擦磨损实验,使用的是往复模式进行摩擦实验,设定速度为2hz,因为往复量程为5mm,所以换算过来实际速度为20mm/s,使用的润滑油是是四种添加了不同质量分数配制添加剂的润滑油,摩擦副为304不锈钢小球和304不锈钢基板,其中不锈钢基板做了单面镜像抛光处理,粗糙度在7~9nm,摩擦实验时长为45min,由于初始会有跑合阶段,摩擦系数从高降低的过程,在一段时间后达到稳定,因此把40-45min这段稳定的摩擦系数平均值作为该实验条件下的摩擦系数。
根据实验结果可以知道,在高载荷20N的实验条件下,以最终达到稳定状态后的平均值作为各组实验的摩擦系数,可以明显看到当添加的配制添加剂质量分数为2.5wt%的时候,配制出来的润滑油有最低的摩擦系数,有最好的摩擦性能,具体结果如图1所示。
实验固定值:室温,往复模式,20mm/s,304不锈钢对304不锈钢摩擦副,45min,20N载荷。
实验改变量为润滑油中不同配比的配制添加剂:
润滑油:PAO+2.5wt%配制添加剂,PAO+5.0wt%配制添加剂,PAO+7.5wt%配制添加剂,PAO+10wt%配制添加剂;
表1为PAO 4油中添加不同质量分数配制添加剂的摩擦系数稳定值对比结果。
表1
实施例3
本实施例为第二对比例,在此实施例中进行了同速不同载荷对比的实验:使用UMT-2摩擦试验机,在室温,大气压的情况下进行摩擦磨损实验,使用的是往复模式进行摩擦实验,设定速度为2hz,因为往复量程为5mm,所以换算过来实际速度为20mm/s,使用的润滑油分为纯PAO油(无任何添加),和添加了2.5wt%配制添加剂的润滑油组合物,摩擦副为304不锈钢小球和304不锈钢基板,其中不锈钢基板做了单面镜像抛光处理,粗糙度在7~9nm,摩擦实验时长为45min,由于初始会有跑合阶段,摩擦系数从高降低的过程,在一段时间后达到稳定,因此把40-45min这段稳定的摩擦系数平均值作为该实验条件下的摩擦系数。
根据实验结果可以知道,当低载荷下(15N以下),使用含配制添加剂的润滑油组合物进行实验的摩擦系数略大于纯PAO油,但在高载荷下(15N以上),使用含配制添加剂的润滑油组合物进行实验的摩擦系数明显小于纯PAO油,具体结果如图2所示。
实验固定值:室温,往复模式,20mm/s,304不锈钢对304不锈钢摩擦副,45min
实验改变量包括润滑油和荷载,分别为:
润滑油:纯PAO油,PAO+2.5wt%配制添加剂;
载荷:1N,5N,10N,15N,20N,25N,30N
表2为同速不同载下PAO 4油中有无添加剂的摩擦系数稳定值对比结果。
表2
以上实施例仅是本发明的优选实施方式,本发明的保护范围并不仅局限于上述实施例。凡属于本发明思路下的技术方案均属于本发明的保护范围。应该指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下的改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (5)
1.一种绿色润滑油添加剂,其特征在于:由以下重量份的原料组成:醚类12份、聚甲基丙烯酸酯7.5份、二辛基二苯胺0.5份和环丙烷羧酸80份;所述醚类为重量比为1:2的丁醚和乙二醇二丁醚的混合物,以上组分混合均匀。
2.根据权利要求1所述绿色润滑油添加剂,其特征在于:所述环丙烷羧酸的纯度至少为97%。
3.一种润滑油组合物,其包括聚α烯烃油和如权利要求1所述绿色润滑油添加剂。
4.根据权利要求3所述绿色润滑油组合物,其特征在于:所述绿色润滑油添加剂的质量占比为2.5%。
5.根据权利要求3所述绿色润滑油组合物,其特征在于:所述聚α烯烃油的规格为PAO4。
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