CN117397412A - Steep slope terrace construction method for land reclamation - Google Patents
Steep slope terrace construction method for land reclamation Download PDFInfo
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- CN117397412A CN117397412A CN202210793641.1A CN202210793641A CN117397412A CN 117397412 A CN117397412 A CN 117397412A CN 202210793641 A CN202210793641 A CN 202210793641A CN 117397412 A CN117397412 A CN 117397412A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013439 planning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of land reclamation, in particular to a steep slope terrace construction method used in land reclamation; according to the method, different methods are provided according to the conditions of light subsidence degree of the cultivated land in the mining area and different slope conditions of the landform after subsidence, the method is used for comprehensively preparing the land surface in the area with light subsidence degree of the cultivated land in the mining area and the slope of the landform after subsidence less than or equal to 8 degrees, building a terrace along a contour line for the cultivated land with serious subsidence degree of the cultivated land in the mining area and the slope of the landform after subsidence of 8-25 degrees, and returning the cultivated land with serious subsidence and the slope of the landform after subsidence of more than 25 degrees to return the cultivated land to the forest and grass, so that the method provided by the invention has excellent practicability, is beneficial to crop growth and nutrient accumulation, can more reasonably utilize the land, save engineering investment and improve water and soil conservation benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of land reclamation, in particular to a steep slope terrace construction method used in land reclamation.
Background
The mine land reclamation, also called land reclamation, is an activity of taking corrective measures to restore the land damaged by digging damage, collapse and the like in the process of mine construction and production according to the requirements of laws and regulations such as mineral resources, land management and the like by mining rights people. Mine land reclamation is a method and process for survey planning, filling, remediation and development and utilization of land discarded by mining. Mining operations cause land damage and desertification, which are a serious problem that is common across countries.
The loess hilly area is characterized in that the hilly and ravines of loess are vertically and horizontally arranged, the loess thickness is large, the soil is loose, cracks and earth surface subsidence are easily caused in coal mining, most hilly and hilly areas and the hilly and the ravines of the coal mine are cut down and slide in the earth surface subsidence process, the cultivated land in the area is basically all hilly and dry lands, the earth surface morphology is changed by underground coal mining, the agricultural cultivation production is seriously destroyed, if the land surface of a reclamation project is not implemented, dynamic crack zones are formed in the earth surface, the soil moisture conservation of the cultivated land is not facilitated, water and nutrients are lost to different degrees along with the width and depth of the cracks, and the agricultural production is difficult to carry out, so that timely land reclamation measures are needed in the subsidence process to ensure normal production.
The patent of "a method for ecological restoration in land reclamation of mining areas" as described in patent application No. CN201910294668.4, which is written in the specification as "comprising the steps of: (1) backfilling and leveling; (2) Paving irrigation equipment, wherein an atomization nozzle is arranged on the irrigation equipment; (3) Sequentially paving sawdust, straw powder, animal manure, river sand, river mud and loam on the land of the mining area from bottom to top; (4) Spraying water once every two days, wherein the water spraying amount is 3-6m < 3 >/mu each time; (5) Spraying for 40-50 days, and then sprinkling a layer of microbial compound fertilizer; ploughing; (6) After the plant is idle, grass seeds are scattered, water is sprayed once every 10 to 15 days, and the water spraying amount is 1 to 2m each time 3 Per mu; after 5-7 months, planting and irrigatingSpraying water to wood and arbor every 25-30 days with water spraying amount of 2.5-3m 3 Per mu. The method can enable the land to gradually recover a stable soil structure, prevent the subsequent slumping phenomenon, effectively improve the soil components, enable the soil components to recover good microbial environments, and enable the land in the mining area to obtain good ecological recovery by combining with phytoremediation.
In summary, developing a steep slope terrace construction method for land reclamation is a critical problem to be solved in the technical field of land reclamation.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a steep slope terrace construction method used in land reclamation, and the invention provides different methods according to the light subsidence degree of cultivated lands in mining areas and different slope conditions of the landform after subsidence, so that the method provided by the invention has excellent practicability, in addition, the terrace is built along contour lines, thereby being beneficial to crop growth and nutrient accumulation, being capable of more reasonably utilizing the land, saving engineering investment and improving water and soil conservation benefits.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a steep slope terrace construction method used in land reclamation, which comprises a first mining area inner ploughing land subsidence construction method, a second mining area inner ploughing land subsidence construction method and a third mining area inner ploughing land subsidence construction method;
the first mining area internal tillage subsidence construction method is to comprehensively land the ground surface in the area with lighter tillage subsidence degree and the subsidence terrain gradient less than or equal to 8 degrees;
the second mining area internal tillage subsidence construction method is to construct terraces along contour lines for the tillage with severe subsidence degree of mining area internal tillage and 8-25 degree slope of the landform after subsidence;
the third mining area inner cultivated land subsidence construction method is to carry out returning cultivation and returning forest and grass on the cultivated lands with serious subsidence and the landform gradient larger than 25 degrees after subsidence in the mining area.
The invention is further provided with: in the second mining area inner cultivated land subsidence construction method, the terraced fields are corrected along the contour lines of the terrains, and the terrains are inclined inwards to block water and preserve soil moisture.
The invention is further provided with: in the second mining area inner cultivated land subsidence construction method, the soil is arranged to be alternate between agriculture and forestry when in land utilization, and equal-height cultivation is adopted when cultivation is carried out.
The invention is further provided with: in the second mining area inner cultivated land subsidence construction method, the terrace design is to determine the section factors according to the slope angle of the subsidence landform.
The invention is further provided with: the section elements comprise a slope height, a bank slope angle and a field width.
The invention is further provided with: in the second mining area inner cultivated land subsidence construction method, the terrace construction method comprises the following steps:
and (3) construction paying-off: according to the terrace construction design drawing, a measurement paying-off method is applied to pay-off the excavation zero line, excavation side line, filling side line and dam crest elevation of each land block on site;
surface soil treatment and subsoil leveling: and leveling the terraced fields with steep slopes and narrow field surfaces by adopting a middle soil pushing method.
The invention is further provided with: the middle soil pushing method comprises the steps of piling up plough layer soil between two designed ridges, cutting and laying bottom layer soil and covering surface soil.
Advantageous effects
Compared with the known public technology, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the method, different methods are provided according to the conditions of light subsidence degree of the cultivated land in the mining area and different slope conditions of the landform after subsidence, the method is used for comprehensively preparing the land surface in the area with light subsidence degree of the cultivated land in the mining area and the slope of the landform after subsidence less than or equal to 8 degrees, building a terrace along a contour line for the cultivated land with serious subsidence degree of the cultivated land in the mining area and the slope of the landform after subsidence of 8-25 degrees, and returning the cultivated land with serious subsidence and the slope of the landform after subsidence of more than 25 degrees to return the cultivated land to the forest and grass, so that the method provided by the invention has excellent practicability, is beneficial to crop growth and nutrient accumulation, can more reasonably utilize the land, save engineering investment and improve water and soil conservation benefits.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a sloping field modified terraced fields of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the intermediate soil piling method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention is further described below with reference to examples.
Examples:
as shown in fig. 1-2, the present invention provides a steep slope terrace construction method for land reclamation, the steep slope terrace construction method including a first mining area in-situ cultivated land subsidence construction method, a second mining area in-situ cultivated land subsidence construction method, and a third mining area in-situ cultivated land subsidence construction method.
According to the different conditions of the subsidence degree of the cultivated land in the mining area and the subsidence post-terrain gradient, the corresponding methods are adopted respectively, and are specifically as follows:
the first method is as follows: the first mining area internal tillage subsidence construction method is to comprehensively soil the ground surface in the area with light tillage subsidence degree and the subsidence terrain gradient less than or equal to 8 degrees.
In this method, as an embodiment, a rotary cultivator is used to rotary tillage the cultivated land in the mining area, and the cultivation is performed, for example, for 1-2 days, and then the ground surface is leveled manually.
The second method is as follows: the second mining area inner cultivated land subsidence construction method is to construct terraces along contour lines for cultivated lands with 8-25 degrees of the subsidence degree of the cultivated lands in the mining area.
Further, the terrace is modified along the contour line of the terrain, and is inclined inwards to block water and preserve soil moisture.
Furthermore, when the land is used, the agriculture and forestry are alternately arranged, and when the cultivation is performed, equal-height cultivation is adopted.
Further, the terrace design is to determine the section factors according to the slope angle of the collapsed terrain.
Further, the profile elements include ramp height, bank angle and field width.
Further, the terrace application method comprises the following steps:
and (3) construction paying-off: according to the terrace construction design drawing, a measurement paying-off method is applied to pay-off the excavation zero line, excavation side line, filling side line and dam crest elevation of each land block on site;
surface soil treatment and subsoil leveling: and leveling the terraced fields with steep slopes and narrow field surfaces by adopting a middle soil pushing method.
Further, the middle soil pushing method comprises the steps of piling up plough layer soil between two designed ridges, cutting and laying the bottom layer soil and covering surface soil.
In this embodiment, since the mine is located in the loess hilly area, and the ground is sunk to form uneven landforms. Therefore, when the gradient of the ground is large, the ground can be corrected into terraced fields along the contour lines of the terrain and is inclined inwards to block water and preserve soil moisture, and when the land is used, agriculture and forestry are arranged alternately, and when cultivation is carried out, equal-height cultivation is adopted, so that the water and soil protection is facilitated.
In addition, the section design elements are reasonable, so that the slope stability and the convenience in cultivation and irrigation can be ensured, the land and the labor are saved, and the land utilization rate is improved. As an embodiment, the slope-to-terrace design is shown in fig. 1, and the tread section design elements are shown in table 1.
Table 1: the design elements of the ladder section are shown as a table
| Ground slope angle alpha (°) | Slope (m) | Bank slope angle beta (°) | Field width B (m) |
| 10 | 2.0 | 75 | 10.8 |
| 12 | 2.3 | 75 | 10.1 |
| 15 | 2.5 | 75 | 10.1 |
| 20 | 2.8 | 70 | 7.7 |
| 25 | 3.0 | 70 | 7.7 |
As an embodiment, the intermediate bulldozing method performs surface soil treatment and subsoil leveling, as shown in fig. 2.
The terrace adopted by the method has good ventilation and light transmission conditions, is beneficial to crop growth and nutrient accumulation, can more reasonably utilize the land, saves engineering investment and improves water and soil conservation benefits.
The third method is as follows: the third mining area inner cultivated land subsidence construction method is to carry out returning cultivation and returning grass on the cultivated lands with serious subsidence and the landform gradient larger than 25 degrees after subsidence in the mining area.
In the method, returning to the forest and returning to the grass refers to a treatment mode of stopping cultivation on cultivated lands, changing tree planting and grass planting, recovering vegetation and controlling water and soil loss for preventing and controlling water and soil loss. The cultivation method is characterized in that the cultivation method is based on the principle of combination of arbor and grass, irrigation and grass, and the combination of arbor and grass, and the cultivation method is used for cultivating and planting grass according to local conditions and recovering vegetation of the woods and grass. According to the embodiment, the cultivation land with serious subsidence and the subsidence post-subsidence terrain gradient of more than 25 degrees is subjected to cultivation returning and grass returning, and according to the principle of proper land and tree adaptation, the forest is planted according to proper land conditions, forest vegetation is recovered, and the land reclamation effect is realized.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The steep slope terrace construction method used in land reclamation is characterized by comprising a first mining area inner ploughing land subsidence construction method, a second mining area inner ploughing land subsidence construction method and a third mining area inner ploughing land subsidence construction method; the first mining area internal tillage subsidence construction method is to comprehensively land the ground surface in the area with lighter tillage subsidence degree and the subsidence terrain gradient less than or equal to 8 degrees; the second mining area internal tillage subsidence construction method is to construct terraces along contour lines for the tillage with severe subsidence degree of mining area internal tillage and 8-25 degree slope of the landform after subsidence; the third mining area inner cultivated land subsidence construction method is to carry out returning cultivation and returning forest and grass on the cultivated lands with serious subsidence and the landform gradient larger than 25 degrees after subsidence in the mining area.
2. The steep slope terrace construction method for land reclamation according to claim 1, wherein in the second mining area inner cultivated land subsidence construction method, the terrace is corrected along a contour line of the terrain and is inclined inward to block water and preserve soil moisture.
3. The construction method for steep slope terraced fields used in land reclamation according to claim 1, wherein in the construction method for subsidence of cultivated land in the second mining area, the land is laid with agriculture and forestry alternately, and the cultivation is performed with equal height.
4. The steep slope terrace construction method for land reclamation according to claim 1, wherein in the second mining area inner tillage land subsidence construction method, the terrace design is to determine a section factor according to a subsidence-after-land slope angle.
5. The method for constructing a steep slope terrace for land reclamation according to claim 5, wherein the section elements include a slope height, a bank slope angle and a field width.
6. The steep slope terrace construction method for land reclamation according to claim 1, wherein in the second mining area inner cultivated land subsidence construction method, the terrace construction method is as follows: and (3) construction paying-off: according to the terrace construction design drawing, a measurement paying-off method is applied to pay-off the excavation zero line, excavation side line, filling side line and dam crest elevation of each land block on site; surface soil treatment and subsoil leveling: and leveling the terraced fields with steep slopes and narrow field surfaces by adopting a middle soil pushing method.
7. The method according to claim 7, wherein the middle soil pushing method comprises the steps of piling up the plough layer soil in the middle of the two ridges, cutting the bedding layer soil and covering the surface soil.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210793641.1A CN117397412A (en) | 2022-07-07 | 2022-07-07 | Steep slope terrace construction method for land reclamation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210793641.1A CN117397412A (en) | 2022-07-07 | 2022-07-07 | Steep slope terrace construction method for land reclamation |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN117397412A true CN117397412A (en) | 2024-01-16 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210793641.1A Pending CN117397412A (en) | 2022-07-07 | 2022-07-07 | Steep slope terrace construction method for land reclamation |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN117397412A (en) |
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- 2022-07-07 CN CN202210793641.1A patent/CN117397412A/en active Pending
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