CN117357589A - 一种治疗更年期综合征的中药组合物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种治疗更年期综合征的中药组合物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种治疗更年期综合征的中药组合物及其制备方法和应用,包括以下中药原料组分:炒槐角、炒菟丝子、刺五加、茯神、蜜环菌、黄芪、西洋参、阿胶、枸杞、虫草菌丝体粉、甲壳胺。本发明的组分以肝肾阴虚为基本症状表现,结合中医古籍上的经典名方和当今临床使用的验方,精心研制而成。本发明的组方以补虚为主线,细化以补气、补阳、补阴药为主,辅以安神药用以治心烦失眠等症状,同时佐以活血化瘀之品以调畅血脉。诸药配伍,相得益彰,共奏补肝益肾、滋阴补气、活血调经、安神理气之效,对妇女更年期综合征的各种证型均有效,普适性强,疗效显著。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中药技术领域,尤其涉及一种治疗更年期综合征的中药组合物及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
更年期综合征,是指妇女在绝经前后由于内分泌的改变所引起的以自主神经系统功能紊乱为主,伴有神经心理症状的一组症候群。常见临床表现为:月经紊乱、潮热、盗汗、烦躁、失眠、易怒、抑郁等。中医学将这一时期出现的诸类症候称之为“绝经前后诸症”或“经断前后诸症”。
现代医学表明,女性进入更年期后,由于卵巢功能的消失或衰退,导致体内性激素水平存在较大的变化,主要表现为E2下降以及FSH和LH升高等,使得下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴平衡失调,进而出现内分泌失调的症状,这是导致更年期综合征的主要原因。目前,现代医学对此主要采用激素替代疗法,比较单一,存在诸多不良反应,且易增加子宫癌、卵巢癌、乳腺癌的发病率,危害生命健康。相比之下,中药在疗效上能与激素替代疗法媲美,又无用激素替代疗法的后顾之忧。
中医认为“绝经前后诸证”以肾虚为致病之本,肾阴阳平衡失调继而影响心肝脾等多脏器发生病理改变而引发本病,对此提供辩证治疗方案。临床用药有古方,如左归丸、六味地黄丸等;又有如坤安宁、当归六黄汤等现代临床医生的自拟方剂。这些方剂虽各有特点,但因本病辩证标准互有参差,灵活性大,极不统一,通用性不强。
因此,亟待开发一种通用性强、疗效全面的治疗更年期综合征的中药组合物。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是:本发明提供一种治疗更年期综合征的中药组合物及其制备方法和应用,该中药组合物以中药类药材、真菌类药材和壳聚糖进行组方,思路新颖,通用性强,能够有效缓解和治疗各种辨证分型的更年期综合征。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明采用的技术方案为:
本发明一方面提供一种治疗更年期综合征的中药组合物,包括以下中药原料组分:
炒槐角、炒菟丝子、刺五加、茯神、蜜环菌、黄芪、西洋参、阿胶、枸杞、虫草菌丝体粉、甲壳胺。
本发明提出的一种治疗更年期综合征的中药组合物,是依据中医认为更年期以肝肾阴虚为基本症状表现,治宜以补益肝肾、滋阴清热为主的观点,结合中医古籍上的经典名方和当今临床使用的验方,精心研制而成。在本发明的组方中,黄芪搭配刺五加、西洋参,发挥增强滋补脾肾、补气、抗疲劳的作用;枸杞有补阴、补气之功,其与黄芪、西洋参搭配能增强补气之力;虫草菌丝体粉配合菟丝子,具有补阳、补肾的功效,用以治疗肾虚腰痛腿软、精神倦怠;茯神具有宁心、安神的功能;阿胶起补血、滋阴的作用;甲壳胺能够有效调节植物神经与内分泌功能,提高机体免疫力。本发明的组方以补虚为主线,细化以补气、补阳、补阴药为主,辅以安神药用以治心烦失眠等症状,同时佐以活血化瘀之品以调畅血脉。诸药配伍,相得益彰,共奏补肝益肾、滋阴补气、活血调经、安神理气之效,对妇女更年期综合征的各种证型均有效,普适性强,疗效显著。
优选地,所述的治疗更年期综合征的中药组合物,包括以下重量份数的中药原料:
炒槐角10~40份、炒菟丝子6~18份、刺五加6~18份、茯神5~15份、蜜环菌1~3份、黄芪1~5份、西洋参1~5份、阿胶1~5份、枸杞1~5份、虫草菌丝体粉1~5份、甲壳胺0.5~2份。
最优选地,所述的治疗更年期综合征的中药组合物,包括以下重量份数的中药原料:
炒槐角30份、炒菟丝子12份、刺五加12份、茯神8.4份、蜜环菌1.8份、黄芪1.8份、西洋参1.8份、阿胶1.8份、枸杞1.8份、虫草菌丝体粉1.8份、甲壳胺0.9份。
本发明所用中药组分的性味、归经及功效如下:
槐角:味苦,性寒;归肝经、大肠经;属止血药下分类的凉血止血药,具有清热泻火、凉血止血之功。
菟丝子:味辛、甘,性平;归肝经、肾经、脾经;属补虚药下分类的补阳药,具有补肾益精、养肝明目之效。
刺五加:味辛、微苦,性温;归脾经、肾经、心经;属补虚药下分类的补气药,其有益气健脾、补肾安神的作用。
茯神:味甘、淡,性平;归心经、脾经;属安神药下分类养心安神药,起宁心安神,利水渗湿,健脾补中之效。
蜜环菌:味甘,性平;归肝经;属平肝息风药下属分类的息风止痉药,其有平肝息风止痉,祛风通络的作用。
黄芪:味甘,性微温;归脾经、肺经;属补虚药下属分类的补气药,具有补气升阳,固表止汗,利水消肿,生津养血,行滞通痹,托毒排脓,敛疮生肌的功能。
西洋参:味甘、微苦,性凉;归心经、肺经、肾经;属补虚药下分类的补气药,具有补气养阴、清热生津之功。
阿胶:味甘,性平;归肺经、肝经、肾经;属补虚药下分类的补血药,具有补血,滋阴,润肺,止血的功能。
枸杞:味甘,性平;归肝经、肾经;属补虚药下属分类的补阴药,具有滋补肝肾、益精明目之效。
虫草菌丝体:味甘,性平;归肺经、肾经;属补虚药下属分类的补阳药,具有补肺益肾、止血,化痰之功。
本发明另一方面提供了一种上述中药组合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、将炒槐角、炒菟丝子、刺五加、茯神、蜜环菌、黄芪、西洋参、阿胶、枸杞及虫草菌丝体粉和水混合进行浸泡,而后进行煎煮,合并煎煮液后进行减压浓缩;
S2、将甲壳胺加入上述煎煮液中,混合均匀,浓缩干燥得浸膏,即所述的中药组合物。
本发明所述中药组合物制备方法简单,成本较低,适合于工业化生产。
优选地,步骤S1中,浸泡的条件包括:水的重量用量为初始中药原料总重量的3-6倍,浸泡时间为30-90min。
优选地,步骤S1中,煎煮的条件包括:煎煮次数为2次以上,每次煎煮时间为45min,每次煎煮水的重量用量为中药原料总重量的10倍。
优选地,步骤S1和S2中,浓缩温度低于60℃。
本发明再一方面提供了一种上述中药组合物在制备治疗更年期综合征的药物中的应用。
优选地,所述的药物进一步加入药学上可接受的辅料制成口服制剂,包括片剂、胶囊剂、颗粒剂、丸剂或口服液体制剂。
附图说明
图1为本发明试验例中各组小鼠子宫组织形态对比图(HE染色,×200);
图2为本发明试验例中去除卵巢对小鼠子宫Bcl-2、Bax、Caspase-3和Caspase-9mRNA表达的影响图;
图3为本发明试验例中各组小鼠子宫Bcl-2、Bax、Caspase-3和Caspase-9mRNA表达的影响图。
具体实施方式
为了更好的理解上述技术方案,下面将参照附图更详细地描述本发明的示例性实施例。虽然附图中显示了本发明的示例性实施例,然而应当理解,可以以各种形式实现本发明而不应被这里阐述的实施例所限制。相反,提供这些实施例是为了能够更清楚、透彻地理解本发明,并且能够将本发明的范围完整的传达给本领域的技术人员。
实施例1
一种治疗更年期综合征的中药组合物,包括以下重量份数的中药原料:
炒槐角30份、炒菟丝子12份、刺五加12份、茯神8.4份、蜜环菌1.8份、黄芪1.8份、西洋参1.8份、阿胶1.8份、枸杞1.8份、虫草菌丝体粉1.8份、甲壳胺0.9份。
其通过下述方法制得:
S1、将炒槐角、炒菟丝子、刺五加、茯神、蜜环菌、黄芪、西洋参、阿胶、枸杞及虫草菌丝体粉加初始中药原料总重量的3-6倍的水进行浸泡30-90min,而后加水进行煎煮,共煎煮2次,每次加水至中药原料总重量的10倍,每次煎煮时间为45min,合并煎煮液后进行减压浓缩,浓缩温度低于60℃。
S2、将甲壳胺加入上述煎煮液中,混合均匀,浓缩干燥得浸膏,浓缩温度低于60℃,即所述的中药组合物。
上述中药组合物可用于制备治疗更年期综合征的药物中,还可进一步加入药学上可接受的辅料制成口服制剂,包括片剂、胶囊剂、颗粒剂、丸剂或口服液体制剂。
将实施例1所得浸膏按照人一天用量的10倍加水稀释,得高浓度中药组合物药液;将其按照人一天用量的5倍加水稀释,得低浓度中药组合物药液。
对比例1
本对比例与实施例1的区别在于,使用现有治疗更年期综合征的上市药物坤泰胶囊作为阳性对照。参考说明书用量,将坤泰胶囊按照人一天用量的10倍加水溶解,得到坤泰药液。
对比例2
本对比例与实施例1的区别在于,使用现有治疗更年期综合征的上市药物妇更康胶囊作为阳性对照。参考说明书用量,将妇更康胶囊按照人一天用量的10倍加水溶解,得到妇更康药液。
试验例
1.实验动物
SPF级,雌性C57BL/6小鼠75只,体重18-22g,购自上海斯莱克实验动物有限责任公司,实验动物生产许可证号:SCXK(沪)2022-0004。
2.实验药物
受试药物为本发明实施例1制备得到的中药组合物(成人每日用量相当于生药74.1g);阳性对照药为对比例1的坤泰胶囊(贵阳新天药业股份有限公司,批号Z20000083,规格:每粒0.5g,临床日服用量为12粒)和对比例2的妇更康胶囊(安发(福建)生物科技有限公司,批号G20130564,规格:每粒0.45g,临床日服用量为6粒)。
3.实验方法
3.1药剂用量
(1)中药组合物剂量
按照0.1mL/10g体重灌胃给药。高、低浓度给药剂量分别为12.35g/kg、6.175g/kg。
(2)阳性药剂量
取坤泰胶囊颗粒,加水溶解为100mg/mL溶液,给药体积为0.1mL/10g体重,小鼠受试剂量为1g/kg。
取妇更康胶囊颗粒,加水溶解为45mg/mL溶液,给药体积为0.1mL/10g体重,小鼠受试剂量为0.45g/kg。
3.2模型制备
取6周龄C57BL/6雌鼠75只,饲养于SPF级环境,适应性喂养一周后随机选取10只小鼠作为空白对照组。所有小鼠均使用7mg/mL戊巴比妥钠(Sigma公司,批号201706)麻醉后,将背部毛发脱去,剪开皮肤和腹膜,空白对照组小鼠仅做假手术处理,不摘除卵巢,其余小鼠结扎卵巢下输卵管及脂肪,摘除双侧卵巢,后缝合伤口,伤口处涂抹红霉素软膏,抗菌消炎。1周后对其进行连续5天的阴道涂片检测,如连续五天未有发情反应,更年期小鼠模型造模成功。
3.3分组给药
从摘除双侧卵巢的小鼠中选择未出现动情期的且未死亡的小鼠50只,依据体重随机分为模型组、阳性对照组(坤泰胶囊)、阳性对照组(妇更康胶囊)、低浓度组(中药组合物)及高浓度组(中药组合物),每组10只。各组小鼠均按灌胃量0.1mL/10g,每日灌胃1次,连续灌胃7周,空白对照组和模型组给予等量溶剂水,其余各组给予相应药物,给药完成后采集标本进行分析。
3.4检测指标及方法
3.4.1子宫指数检测
末次给药后,小鼠禁食禁水24小时,对每只小鼠称重,记录体重数据,解剖小鼠,取其子宫,剔除多余组织,称量子宫湿重,按照“子宫指数=子宫湿重(mg)÷体重(g)×100%”计算小鼠的子宫指数,取每组小鼠子宫指数平均值。
3.4.2血清激素水平测定
摘取眼球取血,将血液样本静止1小时后,3000rpm离心15分钟,取上清,按照试剂盒说明书进行操作,用ELISA法检测小鼠血清中的E2、FSH、LH、T的含量。
3.4.3子宫组织病理形态学观察
取小鼠子宫,于4%多聚甲醛溶液中固定,石蜡包埋、切片,进行苏木素-伊红(HE)染色,光镜下观察各组小鼠子宫组织病理变化情况,观察切片的光线保持一致,放大倍数统一为200倍。
3.4.4子宫Bcl-2、Bax、Caspase-3、Caspase-9mRNA表达检测
取小鼠子宫组织约30mg,使用Trlzol试剂提取子宫组织的总RNA,测定RNA样品浓度及纯度后,反转录为cDNA。设计、合成目的基因对应引物,以甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶(glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase,GAPDH)为内参基因,2-ΔΔCt法计算目的基因相对表达量。引物由生工生物工程(上海)股份有限公司合成,引物序列见表1。
表1各基因PCR引物序列
3.5统计学处理方法
所有数据采用Graphpad Prism 8.0软件进行分析,实验数据采用X±SD表示,实验结果使用T-test检验法评价组间差异性。P<0.05时,表示差异有统计学意义。
4.实验结果
4.1子宫指数对比
表2各组对更年期小鼠子宫指数的影响
注:与模型组比较,*P<0.05;**P<0.01;****P<0.0001;与空白对照组比较,####P<0.0001。
由表2可知,与空白对照组相比,摘除卵巢使得小鼠子宫有一定程度的萎缩(P<0.0001)。与模型组相比,经高浓度中药组治疗的模型小鼠子宫指数明显增加,且有极显著性差异(P<0.0001),其效果与妇更康组、坤泰组(P<0.05,P<0.01)相当;低浓度中药组虽然能提高更年期模型小鼠的子宫指数,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。
4.2血清激素水平对比
表3各组对更年期小鼠血清激素水平的影响
注:与模型组比较,*P<0.05;**P<0.01;***P<0.001;与空白对照组比较,##P<0.01;###P<0.001。
从表3可以看出,相较于空白对照组,模型组血清E2、T水平明显降低(P<0.001,P<0.01),FSH、LH水平明显升高(P<0.001,P<0.01),表明更年期小鼠模型建造成功。与模型组比较,高浓度中药组小鼠血清E2和T水平均明显上升(P<0.01),血清FSH和LH水平均明显下降(P<0.05);低浓度中药组血清E2和T水平均明显上升(P<0.05),血清FSH水平无显著性差异(P>0.05),血清LH明显下降(P<0.01),表明本发明中药组合物对更年期模型小鼠血清激素水平有显著改善作用,部分血清激素改善水平甚至优于阳性对照组。
4.3子宫组织病理形态对比
如图1所示,空白对照组小鼠内膜正常,子宫外膜层、肌层和内膜层清晰可见,腺体和毛细血管丰富,腺腔较大,结缔组织较疏松;与空白对照组相比,模型组小鼠子宫内膜变薄,腺体和毛细血管较少,胸腔变小;药物干预治疗后,各治疗组小鼠子宫内膜明显增厚,腺腔变大,其中高浓度中药组和坤泰组更为接近正常子宫内膜形态。
4.4子宫Bcl-2、Bax、Caspase-3、Caspase-9mRNA表达水平对比
从图2可以看出,与空白对照组相比,模型组小鼠子宫组织Bcl-2mRNA表达显著降低(P<0.01),Bax、Caspase-3和Caspase-9mRNA表达显著升高(P<0.05,P<0.01,P<0.01)。结合图3可知,与模型组相比,妇更康组小鼠子宫组织Bcl-2mRNA表达显著升高(P<0.001),Caspase-3和Caspase-9mRNA表达显著降低(P<0.01,P<0.01),Bax mRNA表达无显著性差异(P>0.05),坤泰组小鼠子宫组织Bcl-2mRNA表达显著升高(P<0.001),Bax、Caspase-3和Caspase-9mRNA表达显著降低(P<0.05,P<0.001,P<0.001),高浓度中药组小鼠子宫组织Bcl-2mRNA表达显著升高(P<0.01),Bax、Caspase-3和Caspase-9mRNA表达显著降低(P<0.05,P<0.0001,P<0.0001),低浓度中药组小鼠子宫组织Caspase-3和Caspase-9mRNA表达显著降低(P<0.05,P<0.05),Bcl-2和Bax mRNA表达无显著性差异(P>0.05)。
上述结果表明,本发明所采用的各中药组分配伍合理,所制得的中药组合物具有明显改善更年期综合征的作用,且作用机制可能与抑制Caspase依赖性细胞凋亡通路有关。本发明的中药组合物是根据中医理论经多年经验摸索总结、筛选所得,并经分析、研究、验证,具有一定的临床价值,应用前景广阔。
最后应说明的是:以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。
Claims (9)
1.一种治疗更年期综合征的中药组合物,包括以下中药原料组分:
炒槐角、炒菟丝子、刺五加、茯神、蜜环菌、黄芪、西洋参、阿胶、枸杞、虫草菌丝体粉、甲壳胺。
2.如权利要求1所述的治疗更年期综合征的中药组合物,其特征在于,包括以下重量份数的中药原料:
炒槐角10~40份、炒菟丝子6~18份、刺五加6~18份、茯神5~15份、蜜环菌1~3份、黄芪1~5份、西洋参1~5份、阿胶1~5份、枸杞1~5份、虫草菌丝体粉1~5份、甲壳胺0.5~2份。
3.如权利要求2所述的治疗更年期综合征的中药组合物,其特征在于,包括以下重量份数的中药原料:
炒槐角30份、炒菟丝子12份、刺五加12份、茯神8.4份、蜜环菌1.8份、黄芪1.8份、西洋参1.8份、阿胶1.8份、枸杞1.8份、虫草菌丝体粉1.8份、甲壳胺0.9份。
4.一种如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的中药组合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、将炒槐角、炒菟丝子、刺五加、茯神、蜜环菌、黄芪、西洋参、阿胶、枸杞及虫草菌丝体粉和水混合进行浸泡,而后进行煎煮,合并煎煮液后进行减压浓缩;
S2、将甲壳胺加入上述煎煮液中,混合均匀,浓缩干燥得浸膏,即所述的中药组合物。
5.如权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤S1中,浸泡的条件包括:水的重量用量为初始中药原料总重量的3-6倍,浸泡时间为30-90min。
6.如权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤S1中,煎煮的条件包括:煎煮次数为2次以上,每次煎煮时间为45min,每次煎煮水的重量用量为中药原料总重量的10倍。
7.如权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤S1和S2中,浓缩温度低于60℃。
8.一种如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的中药组合物在制备治疗更年期综合征的药物中的应用。
9.如权利要求8所述的应用,其特征在于,所述的药物进一步加入药学上可接受的辅料制成口服制剂,包括片剂、胶囊剂、颗粒剂、丸剂或口服液体制剂。
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