CN117026471B - 一种仿棉氨纶面料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种仿棉氨纶面料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN117026471B CN117026471B CN202310977165.3A CN202310977165A CN117026471B CN 117026471 B CN117026471 B CN 117026471B CN 202310977165 A CN202310977165 A CN 202310977165A CN 117026471 B CN117026471 B CN 117026471B
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- 229920002334 Spandex Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- 239000004759 spandex Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- 241000234295 Musa Species 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000018290 Musa x paradisiaca Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000004386 diacrylate group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 210000001161 mammalian embryo Anatomy 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims description 10
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003712 anti-aging effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- DAJSVUQLFFJUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;dodecane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O DAJSVUQLFFJUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 36
- 229920006306 polyurethane fiber Polymers 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 47
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 14
- 238000009965 tatting Methods 0.000 description 10
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102000004641 Fetal Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010003471 Fetal Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000628997 Flos Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004433 Thermoplastic polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006750 UV protection Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102220026968 rs63750133 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/40—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads
- D03D15/47—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads multicomponent, e.g. blended yarns or threads
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- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
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- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/88—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
- D01F6/94—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of other polycondensation products
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- D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
- D03D15/283—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads synthetic polymer-based, e.g. polyamide or polyester fibres
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
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- D03D15/56—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads elastic
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- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
- D06B3/00—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating
- D06B3/04—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating of yarns, threads or filaments
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- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/07—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with halogens; with halogen acids or salts thereof; with oxides or oxyacids of halogens or salts thereof
- D06M11/11—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with halogens; with halogen acids or salts thereof; with oxides or oxyacids of halogens or salts thereof with halogen acids or salts thereof
- D06M11/13—Ammonium halides or halides of elements of Groups 1 or 11 of the Periodic Table
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- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/68—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with phosphorus or compounds thereof, e.g. with chlorophosphonic acid or salts thereof
- D06M11/72—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with phosphorus or compounds thereof, e.g. with chlorophosphonic acid or salts thereof with metaphosphoric acids or their salts; with polyphosphoric acids or their salts; with perphosphoric acids or their salts
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- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/77—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with silicon or compounds thereof
- D06M11/79—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with silicon or compounds thereof with silicon dioxide, silicic acids or their salts
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- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
- D06M13/184—Carboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
- D06M13/192—Polycarboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
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- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
- D06M13/184—Carboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
- D06M13/207—Substituted carboxylic acids, e.g. by hydroxy or keto groups; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
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- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/244—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus
- D06M13/248—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus with compounds containing sulfur
- D06M13/256—Sulfonated compounds esters thereof, e.g. sultones
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- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
- D06M15/03—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
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- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
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- D06M2101/38—Polyurethanes
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- D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
- D06M2200/50—Modified hand or grip properties; Softening compositions
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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Abstract
本申请涉及面料的领域,更具体地说,它涉及一种仿棉氨纶面料及其制备方法。包括以下步骤:1)将氨纶纤维和聚酯纤维进行搓捻,得到氨纶纱线;2)将氨纶纱线浸没于预处理液中10‑30min,得到预处理纱线;3)将预处理纱线进行酸蚀磨毛处理30‑120min,中和,冲洗,烘干,得到磨毛纱线;4)将磨毛纱线经过纺织,得到仿棉氨纶面料。经过氨纶纤维和聚酯纤维复合,具有较佳的柔韧性等,再进预处理、酸蚀、磨毛等过程,能够减轻重量,进一步提高柔软性,并使其产生绒毛,使得的仿棉氨纶面料具有较好的仿棉效果。
Description
技术领域
本申请涉及面料的领域,更具体地说,它涉及一种仿棉氨纶面料及其制备方法。
背景技术
纯棉面料具含有柔软性好、舒适、亲肤、吸湿等优点,因此常受到广大群众的喜爱,但是纯棉面料容易缩水、褶皱、易变性等,因此限制其使用。
因此有人提出采用仿纯棉面料,通常采用聚酯、氨纶纤维单独或复合进行仿棉,综合其优点,并使其具有柔软舒适,并达到仿棉的效果。
目前的聚酯或氨纶纤维在加工过程中,需要加入软化剂进行处理,使其柔软性较好,但只是使柔软性更接近纯棉面料,而纯棉面料的绒毛手感并未达到,因此需要进一步提高仿棉面料的仿棉效果。
发明内容
为了进一步提高氨纶面料的柔软性、绒毛效果,使得氨纶面料具有较好的仿棉效果。本申请提供种仿棉氨纶面料及其制备方法。
第一方面,本申请提供一种仿棉氨纶面料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)将氨纶纤维和聚酯纤维进行搓捻,得到氨纶纱线;
2)将氨纶纱线浸没于预处理液中10-30min,得到预处理纱线;
3)将预处理纱线进行酸蚀磨毛处理30-120min,中和,冲洗,烘干,得到磨毛纱线;
4)将磨毛纱线经过纺织,得到仿棉氨纶面料。
上述制备方法,操作简单、生产效率高,且得到的仿棉氨纶面料具有较佳的柔软性和绒毛手感,当其用于服饰后具有较好的仿棉手感。
1)中,氨纶纤维具有较好的柔韧性和弹性,而聚酯纤维抗皱性和保形性很好,两者复合,能够综合其性能,使仿棉氨纶面料获得较佳的柔软性。2)中将氨纶纱线进行预处理,提高其表面的活性,便于后续进行酸蚀磨毛处理。而经过酸蚀磨毛处理,使预处理纱线被少量刻蚀掉,减轻其重量,增加柔性,再经过磨毛,使其表面产生绒毛,得到磨毛纱线,当进行纺织后,其仿棉氨纶面料的手感与纯棉面料的绒毛手感相似,且柔软性较好。
综上,经过氨纶纤维和聚酯纤维复合,具有较佳的柔韧性等,再进预处理、酸蚀、磨毛等过程,能够减轻重量,进一步提高柔软性,并使其产生绒毛,使得的仿棉氨纶面料具有较好的仿棉效果。该过程节省了使用软化剂处理,并且获得的面料具有纯棉的绒毛效果。
优选的,所述氨纶纤维和聚酯纤维的线径为20-60D;所述氨纶纤维和聚酯纤维的根数比例为1:(1.2-1.8)。
以上线径范围选着和根数比例范围,均为本申请较佳选择,采用以上线径和根数比例,得到的仿棉氨纶面料兼备较佳的柔软性,且经过处理后,容易产生绒毛。
优选的,所述预处理液由以下重量份的原料组成:
月桂基磺酸钠0.1-0.5份
质量分数为35-55%盐酸3-8份
六偏磷酸钠0.1-0.3份
水30-50份。
月桂基磺酸钠作为表面活性剂,能够提高处理液的表面活性,使其容易与氨纶纱线表面接触,而六偏磷酸钠作为稳定性,提高处理液的稳定性,盐酸具有较强的酸性,因此通过以上月桂基磺酸钠0.1-0.5份、质量分数为35-55%盐酸3-8份、六偏磷酸钠0.1-0.3份、水30-50份进行复合,得到的处理液能够对氨纶纱线进行活化,使得氨纶纱线表面出现微腐蚀或者接近腐蚀的状态,便于后续进行酸蚀磨毛处理。
优选的,所述3)中的酸蚀磨毛处理的具体工艺为:将酸性磨毛溶液加热至35-45℃,并在转速为120-180r/min下进行搅拌,将预处理纱线浸没于酸性磨毛溶液中30-120min,中和,冲洗,烘干,得到磨毛纱线。
通过以上工艺,使预处理纱线进行酸蚀并磨毛,节省工艺,同时提高酸蚀和磨毛效果,并且酸蚀过程只是对表面进行微腐蚀,不会将预处理纱线整根腐蚀至断裂,而磨毛能够进一步提高仿棉氨纶面料的绒毛数量,使其手感与纯棉面料的绒毛手感更接近。
优选的,所述酸性磨毛溶液,包括以下重量份的原料组成:
柠檬酸5-15份
表面活性剂0.5-1.5份
海藻酸钠0.03-0.18份
草酸10-18份
膨胀珍珠岩10-20份
水40-60份。
柠檬酸、草酸均为有机酸,具有环保性和酸性,表面活性剂能够提高酸性磨毛溶液的表面活性,海藻酸钠作为稳定剂和吸附剂,因为具有粘附性,因此,当磨毛过程产生的杂质溶液吸收,提高预处理纱线的表面,整洁性;膨胀珍珠岩原料矿床主要为酸性火山喷发岩产物,具有轻质、化学稳定性好、使用温度范围广、吸湿能力小以及无毒等优点,因此在搅拌状态下容易悬浮于酸性磨毛溶液中,并对预处理纱线进行磨毛,提高磨毛效果。
本申请的膨胀珍珠岩的密度为2.2-2.4g/cm3;膨胀倍数为15,目数为50目,二氧化硅含量为76%。二氧化硅含量高其表面硬度较大,再由于膨胀珍珠岩表面粗糙,因此在磨毛时,容易将预处理纱线进行磨损,使其产生较多的绒毛。
综上,通过柠檬酸、水、表面活性剂、海藻酸钠、草酸以及膨胀珍珠岩复合,得到酸蚀磨毛溶液对预处理纱线具有较佳酸蚀和磨毛效果,使得到的仿棉氨纶面料具有较好的柔软性和绒毛效果,提高其仿棉效果。
所述氨纶纤维包括以下重量份的原料组成:
聚氨基甲酸酯20-50份
防老剂0.3-1.0份
填充剂2-5份;
所述填充剂由于以下重量份的原料组成:
壳聚糖3-5份
胎贝粘蛋白0.2-0.8份
香蕉纤维2-8份
相容剂0.2-0.8份
质量分数为30-50%的乙醇溶液30-50份。
通过以上原料得到的氨纶纤维具有较好的柔软性,且容易酸蚀和磨毛。其中聚氨基甲酸酯为聚氨酯的全称,是氨纶的主要原料,防老剂能够缓氨纶纤维发生老化;壳聚糖为天然,生物降解材料,且容易与酸溶解,同时也具有抗紫外等功能,胎贝粘蛋白具有优良的柔韧性及分散性,增强了氨纶纤维的柔韧性,胎贝粘蛋白具有较好的粘附性等。香蕉纤维是利用香蕉茎杆为原料,主要是由纤维素、半纤维素和木质素组成,化学脱胶后的纤维可用于棉纺,具有质量轻、光泽好、柔软等功能。而相容剂能够进一步提高填充剂的相容性。
通常氨纶面料是耐酸碱的,一般在酸蚀过程中,需要加入强酸溶液或者强碱溶液进行刻蚀,但酸性或碱性过强也会加快氨纶面料的老化,因此有人提出采用有机酸等腐蚀较弱的酸进行腐蚀,但是有机酸的刻蚀过程时间较长,而且刻蚀效果也不佳。因此通过本申请制得的氨纶纤维用于仿棉氨纶面料中,在酸蚀磨毛过程容易使预处理纱线进行微腐蚀,同时也能够进一步提高仿棉氨纶面的柔软性。
综上,本申请通过壳聚糖、胎贝粘蛋白、香蕉纤维以及相容剂等复合,制得的填充剂具有较佳的柔软性,且与纯的氨纶纤维相比,更容易进行刻蚀和磨损,再通过聚氨基甲酸酯、防老剂以及填充剂复合,得到的氨纶纤维用于仿棉氨纶面料中,当进行酸蚀磨毛处理时,不需要采用酸性较强的酸液,同时在磨毛过程也容易磨损。进一步提高仿棉氨纶面料的柔软性和绒毛触感,使其仿棉效果较佳。
当采用本申请制得的氨纶纤维时,其3)中的酸蚀磨毛处理时间仅需要30-50min,且与普通的预处理氨纶纱线相比,更节省时间,且绒毛产生的数量也越多。
优选的,所述相容剂为聚乙二醇二丙烯酸酯和/或松香聚乙二醇酯。
聚乙二醇二丙烯酸酯和松香聚乙二醇酯均具有较好的粘附性,且与聚合物相容性好,能够进一步提高填充剂与聚氨基甲酸酯的相容性,使氨纶纤维的柔软性较好,同时容易进行酸蚀和磨毛处理。
优选的,所述相容剂由聚乙二醇二丙烯酸酯和松香聚乙二醇酯以重量份之比为1:(1.2-2.1)组成。
当聚乙二醇二丙烯酸酯和松香聚乙二醇酯复合使用时,起到协同作用,进一步提高仿棉氨纶面料的柔软性、绒毛数量等,且仿棉效果较好。
优选的,所述氨纶纤维由以下方法制得:
(1)按照重量份计,称取壳聚糖、胎贝粘蛋白、香蕉纤维、相容剂以及质量分数为30-50%的乙醇溶液,混合均匀,加热至100-120℃,减压蒸馏0.5-1h,烘干,粉碎,过筛300-500目,得到填充剂;
(2)按照重量份计,称取聚氨基甲酸酯、防老剂、填充剂混合均匀,加热至130-150℃,搅拌10-30min,纺丝,剪切,得到氨纶纤维。
第二方面,本申请提供一种仿棉氨纶面料,采用如下的技术方案:由经纱和纬纱梭织得到,所述经纱和纬纱均为氨纶纱线,该面料由一种仿棉氨纶面料的制备方法制得。
以上得到的仿棉氨纶面料具有较好的柔软性和绒毛手感,使仿棉氨纶面料的仿棉效果更佳,提高仿棉氨纶面料的亲肤性。
综上所述,本申请具有以下有益效果:
1、经过氨纶纤维和聚酯纤维复合,具有较佳的柔韧性等,再进预处理、酸蚀、磨毛等过程,能够减轻重量,进一步提高柔软性,并使其产生绒毛,使得的仿棉氨纶面料具有较好的仿棉效果。该过程节省了使用软化剂处理,同时获得的面料具有纯棉的绒毛效果。
2、通过柠檬酸、水、表面活性剂、海藻酸钠、草酸以及膨胀珍珠岩复合,得到酸蚀磨毛溶液对预处理纱线具有较佳酸蚀和磨毛效果,使得到的仿棉氨纶面料具有较好的柔软性和绒毛效果,提高其仿棉效果。
3、本申请通过壳聚糖、胎贝粘蛋白、香蕉纤维以及相容剂等复合,制得的填充剂具有较佳的柔软性,且与纯的氨纶纤维相比,更容易进行刻蚀和磨损,再通过聚氨基甲酸酯、防老剂以及填充剂复合,得到的氨纶纤维用于仿棉氨纶面料中,当进行酸蚀磨毛处理时,不需要采用酸性较强的酸液,同时在磨毛过程也容易磨损。进一步提高仿棉氨纶面料的柔软性和绒毛触感,使其仿棉效果较佳。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本申请作进一步详细说明。
聚氨基甲酸酯的品牌为德国亨斯迈,型号为A92 P4637,类型为聚醚型TPU;
壳聚糖,脱乙酰为85%,平均分量为5-10万。
胎贝粘蛋白,厂家启源(广东)医药化工有限公司,含量98%;
香蕉纤维为香蕉纤维粉,目数200-300目。
聚乙二醇二丙烯酸酯,为(聚乙二醇(600)二丙烯酸酯,粘度25℃时80-120CPS,平均分子量为708,厂家济宁棠邑化工有限公司,型号PEG60ODA。
松香聚乙二醇酯是由分子量为400.51的马来松香和平均分子量为600的聚乙二醇进行酯化得到,其中摩尔比例为1:3;酸值为20-21mgKOH/g。
氨纶纤维的制备例
制备例1
一种氨纶纤维由以下方法制得:
(1)称取3kg壳聚糖、0.2kg胎贝粘蛋白、2kg香蕉纤维、0.2kg聚乙二醇二丙烯酸酯以及30kg质量分数30%的乙醇溶液,混合均匀,加热至120℃,减压蒸馏1h,将得到固体进一步烘干,再放入粉碎机中进行粉碎,过筛500目,得到填充剂;
(2)称取20kg聚氨基甲酸酯、0.3kg防老剂、2kg(1)得到的填充剂混合均匀,加热至150℃,搅拌20min,再转移至纺丝设备中进行纺丝,纺丝温度203℃,剪切,得到线径为30D的氨纶纤维。
制备例2
一种氨纶纤维由以下方法制得:
(1)称取4kg壳聚糖、0.5kg胎贝粘蛋白、5kg香蕉纤维、0.5kg聚乙二醇二丙烯酸酯以及40kg质量分数为40%的乙醇溶液,混合均匀,加热至120℃,减压蒸馏1h,将得到固体进一步烘干,再放入粉碎机中进行粉碎,过筛500目,得到填充剂;
(2)称取35kg聚氨基甲酸酯、0.8kg防老剂、4kg(1)得到的填充剂混合均匀,加热至150℃,搅拌20min,再转移至纺丝设备中进行纺丝,纺丝温度203℃,剪切,得到线径为30D的氨纶纤维。
制备例3
一种氨纶纤维由以下方法制得:
(1)称取5kg壳聚糖、0.8kg胎贝粘蛋白、8kg香蕉纤维、0.8kg聚乙二醇二丙烯酸酯以及30kg质量分数为50%的乙醇溶液,混合均匀,加热至120℃,减压蒸馏1h,将得到固体进一步烘干,再放入粉碎机中进行粉碎,过筛500目,得到填充剂;
(2)称取50kg聚氨基甲酸酯、1kg防老剂、5kg(1)得到的填充剂混合均匀,加热至150℃,搅拌20min,再转移至纺丝设备中进行纺丝,剪切,得到线径为30D的氨纶纤维制备例4
制备例4与制备例3的不同之处在于:相容剂由聚乙二醇二丙烯酸酯和松香聚乙二醇酯的重量(kg)之比为1:1.5组成。
制备对比例
制备对比例1
制备对比例1与制备例1的不同之处在于:壳聚糖等量替换成香蕉纤维。
制备对比例2
制备对比例2与制备例1的不同之处在于:胎贝粘蛋白等量替换成香蕉纤维。
制备对比例3
制备对比例3与制备例1的不同之处在于:香蕉纤维等量替换成壳聚糖。
制备对比例4
制备对比例4与制备例1的不同之处在于:相容剂等量替换成香蕉纤维。
实施例
实施例1
一种仿棉氨纶面料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
预处理液的制备:取月桂基磺酸钠0.3kg、质量分数为50%盐酸5kg、六偏磷酸钠0.3kg、水35kg,搅拌均匀,得到预处理液,备用。
酸性磨毛溶液制备:称取柠檬酸5kg、表面活性剂1kg、海藻酸钠0.08kg、草酸18kg、膨胀珍珠岩15kg、水50kg,搅拌至草酸、柠檬酸、海藻酸钠全部溶解,得到酸性磨毛溶液,备用。
1)将氨纶纤维(聚醚型氨纶)和聚酯纤维放入加工设备中进行搓捻,得到氨纶纱线。
2)将氨纶纱线浸没于温度为35℃预处理液中30min,得到预处理纱线。
3)将酸性磨毛溶液放入搅拌池中,并加热至45℃,搅拌池的底部安装有搅拌装置,在搅拌装置的搅拌作用下,使酸性磨毛溶液整体处于流动状态,减少膨胀珍珠岩出现沉降的现象,搅拌速率为120r/min,通过牵引机构将预处理纱线牵引至浸没于酸性磨毛溶液中,且不与搅拌池中的搅拌装置接触,浸没120min,再牵引至中和池中,中和采用质量分数为5%碳酸钠溶液,再进入清水池中进行冲洗,进入60℃烘箱中进行烘干1h,得到磨毛纱线。
4)将磨毛纱线分别作为经纱和纬纱放入梭织设备中进行梭织,得到仿棉氨纶面料。
其中,氨纶纤维和聚酯纤维的线径为30D,氨纶纤维的断裂伸长率为456%,弹性回复率当伸长200%,回复率为96%;聚酯纤维的伸长率1.8%;氨纶纤维和聚酯纤维的根数比例为1:1.2。
实施例2
实施例2与实施例1的不同之处在于:酸性磨毛溶液的用量不同,称取柠檬酸15kg、表面活性剂(OP-10)1kg、海藻酸钠0.08kg、草酸10kg、膨胀珍珠岩15kg、水50kg。
实施例3-10
实施例3-10与实施例1的不同之处在于:氨纶纤维的来源不同,具体如下表1所示;
表1实施例3-10的氨纶纤维来源
实施例 | 氨纶纤维来源 |
实施例3 | 制备例1 |
实施例4 | 制备例2 |
实施例5 | 制备例3 |
实施例6 | 制备例4 |
实施例7 | 制备对比例1 |
实施例8 | 制备对比例2 |
实施例9 | 制备对比例3 |
实施例10 | 制备对比例4 |
对比例
对比例1
对比例1与实施例1的不同之处在于:没有3);具体工艺如下:
1)将氨纶纤维(聚醚型氨纶)和聚酯纤维放入加工设备中进行搓捻,得到氨纶纱线。
2)将氨纶纱线浸没于温度为35℃预处理液中150min,中和采用质量分数为5%碳酸钠溶液,再进入清水池中进行冲洗,进入60℃烘箱中进行烘干1h,得到预处理纱线。
3)将预处理纱线分别作为经纱和纬纱放入梭织设备中进行梭织,得到仿棉氨纶面料。
对比例2
对比例2与实施例1的不同之处在于:没有2),具体步骤如下:1)将氨纶纤维(聚醚型氨纶)和聚酯纤维放入加工设备中进行搓捻,得到氨纶纱线。
2)将酸性磨毛溶液放入搅拌池中,并加热至45℃,搅拌池的底部安装有搅拌装置,在搅拌装置的搅拌作用下,使酸性磨毛溶液整体处于流动状态,减少膨胀珍珠岩出现沉降的现象,搅拌速率为120r/min,通过牵引机构将氨纶纱线牵引至浸没于酸性磨毛溶液中,且不与搅拌池中的搅拌装置接触,浸没120min,再牵引至中和池中,中和采用质量分数为5%碳酸钠溶液,再进入清水池中进行冲洗,进入60℃烘箱中进行烘干1h,得到磨毛纱线。
3)将磨毛纱线分别作为经纱和纬纱放入梭织设备中进行梭织,得到仿棉氨纶面料。
对比例3
对比例3与实施例1的不同之处在于:没有2)和3),具体步骤如下:
1)将氨纶纤维(聚醚型氨纶)和聚酯纤维放入加工设备中进行搓捻,得到氨纶纱线。
2)将氨纶纱线分别作为经纱和纬纱放入梭织设备中进行梭织,得到仿棉氨纶面料。
对比例4
对比例4与实施例1的不同之处在于:没有1)-3),其余的与实施例1相同,具体如下:将纯棉纱线分别作为经纱和纬纱放入梭织设备中进行梭织,得到仿棉氨纶面料,得到的仿棉氨纶面料为纯棉面料(棉含量100%,棉纤维30D)。
对比例5
对比例5与实施例1的不同之处在于:不加膨胀珍珠岩,其他原料不变。
对比例6
对比例6与实施例1的不同之处在于:膨胀珍珠岩换成金刚石。
性能检测试验
检测方法/试验方法
1、绒毛测试
用放大镜观察实施例1-10和对比例1-6的绒毛数量,其中,对比例4作为空白组;具体操作如下:在面料上取三处4mm2的样品区,用显微镜放大50倍后,数绒毛数量,实施例1-10、对比例1-3和对比例5-6的三次平均均记为B1,对比例4作为空白组的三次平均数量记为B2;绒毛效果接近率=[(B2-B1/B2)]100%,绒毛效果接近率越小,其绒毛效果越接近纯棉,具体如表1所示。
2、柔软度
参考国家标准GB/T18318-2001进行检测,其中,抗弯刚度G=m*C3*10-2,其中G为单位宽度的抗弯刚度,单位mN·cm;m为试样的单位面积质量,单位g/m2;C为试样的单位面积质量,单位g/m2;以对比例3做为空白组,其检测结构记为A1,实施例1-10、对比例1-2和对比例4-6的测试结果记为A2,柔软变化率=[(A1-A2/A1)]100%,柔软变化率越大,说明柔软性较好,具体如表1所示。
表1实施例1-10、对比例1-2和对比例4-6的实验数据
实施例 | 柔软变化率(%) | 绒毛效果接近率(%) |
实施例1 | 3.68 | 4.13 |
实施例2 | 3.86 | 4.09 |
实施例3 | 6.83 | 1.19 |
实施例4 | 6.98 | 1.01 |
实施例5 | 7.13 | 0.89 |
实施例6 | 8.01 | 0.55 |
实施例7 | 4.35 | 3.23 |
实施例8 | 5.12 | 2.35 |
实施例9 | 4.65 | 1.89 |
实施例10 | 5.32 | 2.17 |
对比例1 | 1.05 | 95.79 |
对比例2 | 2.98 | 23.81 |
对比例3 | \ | 99.71 |
对比例4 | 8.95 | \ |
对比例5 | 2.58 | 85.16 |
对比例6 | 3.01 | 18.94 |
结合实施例1和对比例1-4并结合表1可以看出,实施例1的柔软性和绒毛效果,均比对比例1-4的好,说明通过预处理和磨毛处理后能进一步提高柔软性和磨毛效果。
结合实施例和对比例5-6,并结合表1可以看出,实施例1的柔软性和绒毛效果,均比对比例5-6的好,说明采用具有较好的磨毛效果。
对比实施例1和实施例3可以看出,实施例3的柔软性和绒毛效果比实施例1的好,说明采用本申请制备方法得到的氨纶纤维,能够进一步提高仿棉面料的绒毛效果和柔软性,使得仿棉面料的仿棉效果较佳。
本具体实施例仅仅是对本申请的解释,其并不是对本申请的限制,本领域技术人员在阅读完本说明书后可以根据需要对本实施例做出没有创造性贡献的修改,但只要在本申请的权利要求范围内都受到专利法的保护。
Claims (5)
1.一种仿棉氨纶面料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)将氨纶纤维和聚酯纤维进行搓捻,得到氨纶纱线;
2)将氨纶纱线浸没于预处理液中10-30min,得到预处理纱线;
3)将预处理纱线进行酸蚀磨毛处理30-120min,中和,冲洗,烘干,得到磨毛纱线;
4)将磨毛纱线经过纺织,得到仿棉氨纶面料;
所述氨纶纤维和聚酯纤维的线径为20-60D;所述氨纶纤维和聚酯纤维的根数比例为1:(1.2-1.8);
所述预处理液由以下重量份的原料组成:
月桂基磺酸钠0.1-0.5份
质量分数为35-55%盐酸3-8份
六偏磷酸钠0.1-0.3份
水30-50份;
所述3)中的酸蚀磨毛处理的具体工艺为:将酸性磨毛溶液加热至35-45℃,并在转速为120-180r/min下进行搅拌,将预处理纱线浸没于酸性磨毛溶液中30-120min,中和,冲洗,烘干,得到磨毛纱线;
所述酸性磨毛溶液,包括以下重量份的原料组成:
柠檬酸5-15份
表面活性剂0.5-1.5份
海藻酸钠0.03-0.18份
草酸10-18份
膨胀珍珠岩10-20份
水40-60份;
所述氨纶纤维包括以下重量份的原料组成:
聚氨基甲酸酯20-50份
防老剂0.3-1.0份
填充剂2-5份;
所述填充剂由于以下重量份的原料组成:
壳聚糖3-5份
胎贝粘蛋白0.2-0.8份
香蕉纤维2-8份
相容剂0.2-0.8份
质量分数为30-50%的乙醇溶液30-50份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种仿棉氨纶面料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述相容剂为聚乙二醇二丙烯酸酯和/或松香聚乙二醇酯。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种仿棉氨纶面料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述相容剂由聚乙二醇二丙烯酸酯和松香聚乙二醇酯以重量份之比为1:(1.2-2.1)组成。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的一种仿棉氨纶面料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述氨纶纤维由以下方法制得:
(1)按照重量份计,称取壳聚糖、胎贝粘蛋白、香蕉纤维、相容剂以及质量分数为30-50%的乙醇溶液,混合均匀,加热至100-120℃,减压蒸馏0.5-1h,烘干,粉碎,过筛300-500目,得到填充剂;
(2)按照重量份计,称取聚氨基甲酸酯、防老剂、填充剂混合均匀,加热至130-150℃,搅拌10-30min,纺丝,剪切,得到氨纶纤维。
5.一种仿棉氨纶面料,由经纱和纬纱梭织得到,所述经纱和纬纱均为氨纶纱线,该面料由权利要求1-4任一项所述一种仿棉氨纶面料的制备方法制得。
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