CN116869934A - 一种多酚类物质的超分子纳米胶体及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种多酚类物质的超分子纳米胶体及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
- A61K47/28—Steroids, e.g. cholesterol, bile acids or glycyrrhetinic acid
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种多酚类物质的超分子纳米胶体及其制备方法,属药物制剂领域。本发明提供了一种多酚类物质的超分子纳米胶体的制备方法,它是由下述重量配比的原辅料制备而成:多酚类化合物5‑60份、辛烯基琥珀酸淀粉钠40‑200份、果胶40‑200份;取辛烯基琥珀酸淀粉钠、果胶溶于水中,得含辅料的水溶液;取多酚类化合物溶于乙醇,得到多酚类化合物醇溶液;在磁力搅拌条件下,将制备的多酚类化合物醇溶液滴入含辅料的水溶液中,所得的混合液进行高压均质;再除掉有机试剂,即得本发明超分子纳米胶体。本发明解决了多酚类物质溶解性问题,且制备的超分子纳米胶体稳定性好,生物利用度显著提高,为临床提供了一种新的制剂选择。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种多酚类物质的超分子纳米胶体及其制备方法。属于药物制剂领域。
背景技术
多酚类物质是一组来源于植物的化学物质,该类物质的化学结构中含有多个酚基团。多酚在植物中的主要作用是使植物呈现不同的颜色,如秋天植物的叶子呈现黄色就是由于多酚的作用而导致的,绿茶、葡萄等深色的蔬菜和水果的颜色都是由于多酚导致的。另外,多酚类物质通常可以表现出抗氧化、抗自由基、保护心血管、降血压、降血脂、抗辐射、解酒等多种药理作用,因此,这些多酚类物质常常被用于保健用途或医药开发。如绿原酸、姜黄素、二氢杨梅素、杨梅素、芸香苷、白藜芦醇等都属于比较常见的多酚类化合物。然而,多酚类物质通常其水溶性差,如姜黄素在室温条件下,其水中溶解度仅约为8ng/mL;二氢杨梅素在室温条件下,其水中溶解度仅约为200μg/mL;二氢杨梅素在室温条件下,其水中溶解度仅约为11μg/mL。且由于多酚类物质化学结构中多个酚羟基的存在,其易被氧化,表现出较差的化学稳定性。这些因素都大大限制了多酚类物质的应用。
通过高分子生物材料制备纳米载体,可通过增加难溶性物质的分散度和溶出表面积额从而增加其溶解度;而且由于这些生物材料的包裹可降低被运载物质与环境的接触,从而提高其稳定性。然而,现有研究中使用的生物材料通常采用的是合成的高分子材料或者医用高分子材料,这些材料的生物安全性不确定,医药领域的使用比较局限。
辛烯基琥珀酸淀粉钠(sodium starch octenyl succinate),又称纯胶、SSOS,是低取代度(每50个 葡萄糖单位不多于1个取代基)的淀粉和辛烯基琥珀酸的半酯化产品,为白色或类似白色粉末 。辛烯基琥珀酸淀粉钠在水中加热时可吸水膨胀,高温时可完全成胶状;还具有疏水亲油性,可用作乳浊液稳定剂,可代替阿拉伯胶。目前已报道辛烯基琥珀酸淀粉钠用作增稠剂和乳化稳定剂、微胶囊壁材,还要以作为代脂品使用。如专利申请号:CN201610198435.0 ,发明名称:一种耐高温型微藻DHA油脂微胶囊粉末的制备方法 ,该专利公开了耐高温型微藻DHA油脂微胶囊粉末的制备方法,包括下述步骤:(1)配备原料;(2)将乳清蛋白和/或辛烯基琥珀酸淀粉钠、亲水性胶体、食品乳化剂、酸度调节剂和甜味剂投入水中,保温并搅拌,得到水相液;(3)将水相液加温至90-95℃,保温20-30min,搅拌至充分溶解,再降温;(4)用少量的微藻DHA油脂与油溶性抗氧化剂混匀,得到预混物;(5)将余下的微藻DHA油脂搅拌均匀后,加入到预混物中,并搅拌至混合均匀,得到芯材;(6)将芯材投入水相液中,并加入水溶性抗氧化剂,搅拌、剪切,得到乳化液;(7)对乳化液进行两次均质,然后在80-90℃的条件下灭菌20-25min;(8)喷雾干燥。本发明制备出的微藻DHA油脂微胶囊粉末具有优良的耐高温性能。其中辛烯基琥珀酸淀粉钠就是作为微胶囊壁材使用。
目前,基于辛烯基琥珀酸淀粉钠制备的水不溶性物质微囊,这些微囊仅能达到微米级别,主要解决了这些物质的混悬性,尚未真正解决多酚类物质的溶解性问题。
发明内容
为增加多酚类物质的溶解性和稳定性,本发明通过药物递药构建技术,摸索合适的食用高分子材料对多酚类物质进行包载,进行大量试验的摸索,发现辛烯基琥珀酸淀粉钠和果胶进行联合应用可制得稳定的多酚类物质超分子纳米胶体。本发明的技术方案是提供了一种多酚类物质的超分子纳米胶体的制备方法。本发明的另一技术方案是提供了该超分子纳米胶体的制备方法制备得到的超分子纳米胶体。
本发明提供了一种多酚类物质的超分子纳米胶体的制备方法,它包括如下步骤:
a、称取各重量配比的原辅料:多酚类化合物5-60份、辛烯基琥珀酸淀粉钠40-200份、果胶40-200份;
b、取辛烯基琥珀酸淀粉钠、果胶溶于水中,得含辅料的水溶液;
c、取多酚类化合物溶于乙醇,得到多酚类化合物醇溶液;
d、在磁力搅拌条件下,将c步骤制备的多酚类化合物醇溶液滴入b步骤制备的水溶液中,所得的混合液进行高压均质;再除掉有机试剂,即得本发明超分子纳米胶体。
其中,a步骤所述的多酚类化合物、辛烯基琥珀酸淀粉钠、果胶的重量配比为:
多酚类化合物30份、辛烯基琥珀酸淀粉钠200份、果胶200份。
进一步地,所述的辅料还包括甘草酸或其盐。
其中,所述的多酚类化合物为绿原酸、姜黄素、二氢杨梅素、杨梅素、芸香苷、白藜芦醇中的一种或两种以上的混合。
其中,d步骤所述的高压均质条件为:8000PSI,循环15次。
其中,d步骤所述的除掉有机溶剂的方法是通过旋转蒸发仪蒸发有机溶剂。
本发明还提供了所述的制备方法制备得到的多酚类物质的超分子纳米胶体。
其中,所述的胶体粒径为:144.5-399.8nm。进一步优选地,所述的胶体粒径为:174.9-375.4nm。更进一步优选地,所述的胶体粒径为:144.5-180.5nm。
本发明的有益效果是:本发明将辛烯基琥珀酸淀粉钠和果胶进行联合应用可制得稳定的多酚类物质超分子纳米胶体,在辅料加入了甘草酸或其衍生物后,制备的纳米胶体的粒径更低,解决了多酚类物质溶解性问题,且制备的超分子纳米胶体稳定性好,生物利用度显著提高,为临床提供了一种新的制剂选择。
附图说明
图1 二氢杨梅素灌胃给药的药时曲线图;
图2 姜黄素灌胃给药的药时曲线图;
图3 杨梅素灌胃给药的药时曲线图。
具体实施方式
实施例1 二氢杨梅素超分子纳米胶体的制备
称取一定量的辛烯基琥珀酸淀粉钠和果胶溶于60℃的50mL蒸馏水中,得到辅料的水溶液;称取适量二氢杨梅素溶于5mL无水乙醇中,得到二氢杨梅素溶液;然后在磁力搅拌的条件下,将二氢杨梅素溶液滴加入辅料的水溶液中,并将所得混合液进行高压均质(8000PSI,循环15次),通过旋转蒸发仪除掉有机试剂,即得二氢杨梅素超分子纳米胶体。
表1. 二氢杨梅素超分子纳米胶体的处方及粒径
实施例2 姜黄素超分子纳米胶体的制备
称取一定量的辛烯基琥珀酸淀粉钠和果胶溶于60℃的60mL蒸馏水中,得到辅料的水溶液;称取适量姜黄素溶于6mL无水乙醇中,得到姜黄素溶液;然后在磁力搅拌的条件下,将姜黄素溶液滴加入辅料的水溶液中,并将所得混合液进行高压均质(8000PSI,循环15次),通过旋转蒸发仪除掉有机试剂,即得姜黄素超分子纳米胶体。
表2. 姜黄素超分子纳米胶体的处方及粒径
实施例3 杨梅素超分子纳米胶体的制备
称取一定量的辛烯基琥珀酸淀粉钠和果胶溶于60℃的50mL蒸馏水中,得到辅料的水溶液;称取适量杨梅素溶于5mL无水乙醇中,得到姜黄素溶液;然后在磁力搅拌的条件下,将杨梅素溶液滴加入辅料的水溶液中,并将所得混合液进行高压均质(8000PSI,循环15次),通过旋转蒸发仪除掉有机试剂,即得杨梅素超分子纳米胶体。
表3. 杨梅素超分子纳米胶体的处方及粒径
实施例4 多酚类物质超分子纳米胶体的制备
称取一定量的辛烯基琥珀酸淀粉钠、果胶、甘草甜素溶于60℃的50mL蒸馏水中,得到辅料的水溶液;称取适量多酚类物质溶于5mL无水乙醇中,得到多酚类物质溶液;然后在磁力搅拌的条件下,将多酚类物质溶液滴加入辅料的水溶液中,并将所得混合液进行高压均质(8000PSI,循环15次),通过旋转蒸发仪除掉有机试剂,即得多酚类物质超分子纳米胶体。
表4. 多酚类物质超分子纳米胶体的处方及粒径
由表4可知,制备本发明的多酚类物质超分子纳米胶体时,当加入甘草酸或其盐时,所制备得到的超分子纳米胶体粒径显著降低。
实施例5 多酚类物质超分子纳米胶体粉末的制备
实施例1-4所制备的多酚类超分子纳米胶体液通过喷雾干燥即可得多酚类物质超分子纳米胶体粉末,这些粉末进一步可用于装胶囊或压片。
对比例1 多酚类物质超分子纳米胶体的制备
称取一定量的辛烯基琥珀酸淀粉钠和果胶溶于60℃的50mL蒸馏水中,得到辅料的水溶液;称取适量多酚类物质溶于5mL无水乙醇中,得到多酚类物质溶液;然后在磁力搅拌的条件下,将多酚类物质溶液滴加入辅料的水溶液中,并将所得混合液进行高压均质(8000PSI,循环15次),通过旋转蒸发仪除掉有机试剂,即得。
表5. 多酚类物质超分子纳米胶体的处方及粒径
由表5可知,单独使用辛烯基琥珀酸淀粉钠或果胶时,并不能制得多酚类物质的超分子纳米胶体,且多酚类物质容易析出结晶而出现沉淀。
对比例2 多酚类物质超分子纳米胶体的制备
称取一定量的食用高分子材料溶于60℃的50mL蒸馏水中,得到辅料的水溶液;称取适量多酚类物质溶于5mL无水乙醇中,得到多酚类物质溶液;然后在磁力搅拌的条件下,将多酚类物质溶液滴加入辅料的水溶液中,并将所得混合液进行高压均质(8000PSI,循环15次),通过旋转蒸发仪除掉有机试剂,即得。
表6. 多酚类物质超分子纳米胶体的处方及粒径
由表6可知,辛烯基琥珀酸淀粉钠或果胶与其他食用高分子材料联合使用时,也不能制得多酚类物质的超分子纳米胶体,且多酚类物质容易析出结晶而出现沉淀。
以下通过稳定性试验、生物利用度试验证明本发明的有益效果。
试验例2 多酚类物质超分子纳米胶体中多酚类物质稳定性考察
分别取实施例1、实施例2和实施例3项下的3号处方制备的多酚类物质超分子纳米胶体液置于广口瓶中,用磷酸盐缓冲液将其pH调至7.4,避光孵育12h,然后测定溶液中多酚类物质的保留率。另外,使用pH7.4的磷酸盐缓冲液分别溶解二氢杨梅素、姜黄素和杨梅素,从而获得二氢杨梅素溶液、姜黄素溶液和杨梅素溶液(该三种溶液分别与磷酸盐缓冲液稀释后的二氢杨梅素超分子纳米胶体、姜黄超分子纳米胶体、杨梅素超分子纳米胶体的浓度相同),避光孵育12h,然后,采用相同方法测定多酚类物质的保留率。
表7. 多酚类物质超分子纳米胶体中多酚类物质的稳定性
由表7可知,将多酚类物质制备成本发明的超分子纳米胶体后,多酚类物质在水溶液中的化学稳定性得到显著提高。
试验例2 二氢杨梅素超分子纳米胶体中二氢杨梅素口服生物利用度的考察
取SD雄性大鼠10只,随机分为2个实验组,每组5只。第一组通过灌胃给予二氢杨梅素混悬液(二氢杨梅素剂量为100mg/kg);第二组通过灌胃给予实施例1项下2号处方制备所得的二氢杨梅素超分子纳米胶体(二氢杨梅素剂量为100mg/kg)。分别于给药后5 min、15min、30min、45min、1 h、1.5 h、2 h、4 h、8 h、24h从大鼠眼眶下静脉丛取血至少300 mL置于事先用肝素钠浸润的1.5 mL离心管中。通过液质联用仪测定血液中二氢杨梅素的含量。
由图1可知,二氢杨梅素超分子纳米胶体组的二氢杨梅素血药浓度的Cmax(1354.46±269.95 μg/L)是二氢杨梅素混悬液(223.95±83.74 μg/L)的6.05倍。二氢杨梅素超分子纳米胶体组的AUC(0 ~ t)值(270191.10±70249.66 μg/L*min)是二氢杨梅素混悬液(36512.68±7302.54 μg/L*min)的7.40倍。这些结果表明,二氢杨梅素超分子纳米胶体可以显著提高二氢杨梅素的口服生物利用度。
试验例3 姜黄素超分子纳米胶体中姜黄素口服生物利用度的考察
取SD雄性大鼠10只,随机分为2个实验组,每组5只。第一组通过灌胃给予姜黄素混悬液(姜黄素剂量为100mg/kg);第二组通过灌胃给予实施例2项下2号处方制备所得的姜黄素超分子纳米胶体(姜黄素剂量为100mg/kg)。分别于给药后5 min、15 min、30min、45min、1h、1.5 h、2 h、4 h、8 h、24h从大鼠眼眶下静脉丛取血至少300 mL置于事先用肝素钠浸润的1.5 mL离心管中。通过液质联用仪测定血液中姜黄素的含量。
由图2可知,姜黄素超分子纳米胶体组的姜黄素血药浓度的Cmax(337.45±102.06μg/L)是姜黄素混悬液(15.10±4.05 μg/L)的22.35倍。姜黄素超分子纳米胶体组的AUC(0 ~ t)值(47293.36±10877.39 μg/L*min)是姜黄素混悬液(2609.73±756.61 μg/L*min)的18.14倍。这些结果表明,姜黄素超分子纳米胶体可以显著提高姜黄素的口服生物利用度。
试验例4 杨梅素超分子纳米胶体中杨梅素口服生物利用度的考察
取SD雄性大鼠10只,随机分为2个实验组,每组5只。第一组通过灌胃给予杨梅素混悬液(杨梅素剂量为100mg/kg);第二组通过灌胃给予实施例3项下2号处方制备所得的杨梅素超分子纳米胶体(杨梅素剂量为100mg/kg)。分别于给药后5 min、15 min、30min、45min、1h、1.5 h、2 h、4 h、8 h、24h从大鼠眼眶下静脉丛取血至少300 mL置于事先用肝素钠浸润的1.5 mL离心管中。通过液质联用仪测定血液中杨梅素的含量。
由图3可知,杨梅素超分子纳米胶体组的杨梅素血药浓度的Cmax(205.07±55.26 μg/L)是杨梅素混悬液(20.77±7.06 μg/L)的9.87倍。杨梅素超分子纳米胶体组的AUC(0 ~ t)值(28790.58±7197.50 μg/L*min)是杨梅素混悬液(5579.57±669.48 μg/L*min)的5.16倍。这些结果表明,杨梅素超分子纳米胶体可以显著提高杨梅素的口服生物利用度。
Claims (10)
1.一种多酚类物质的超分子纳米胶体的制备方法,其特征在于:它包括如下步骤:
a、称取各重量配比的原辅料:多酚类化合物5-60份、辛烯基琥珀酸淀粉钠40-200份、果胶40-200份;
b、取辛烯基琥珀酸淀粉钠、果胶溶于水中,得含辅料的水溶液;
c、取多酚类化合物溶于乙醇,得到多酚类化合物醇溶液;
d、在磁力搅拌条件下,将c步骤制备的多酚类化合物醇溶液滴入b步骤制备的水溶液中,所得的混合液进行高压均质;再除掉有机试剂,即得本发明超分子纳米胶体。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:a步骤所述的多酚类化合物、辛烯基琥珀酸淀粉钠、果胶的重量配比为:
多酚类化合物30份、辛烯基琥珀酸淀粉钠200份、果胶200份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的辅料还包括甘草酸或其盐。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的多酚类化合物为绿原酸、姜黄素、二氢杨梅素、杨梅素、芸香苷、白藜芦醇中的一种或两种以上的混合。
5.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:d步骤所述的高压均质条件为:8000PSI,循环15次。
6.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:d步骤所述的除掉有机溶剂的方法是通过旋转蒸发仪蒸发有机溶剂。
7.权利要求1-6任意一项所述的制备方法制备得到的多酚类物质的超分子纳米胶体。
8.根据权利要求7所述的多酚类物质的超分子纳米胶体,其特征在于:所述的胶体粒径为:144.5-399.8nm。
9.根据权利要求8所述的超分子纳米胶体,其特征在于:所述的胶体粒径为:174.9-375.4nm。
10.根据权利要求8所述的超分子纳米胶体,其特征在于:所述的胶体粒径为:144.5-180.5nm。
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