CN1168649A - 手动打孔器的杠杆操纵压板 - Google Patents

手动打孔器的杠杆操纵压板 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1168649A
CN1168649A CN95194811A CN95194811A CN1168649A CN 1168649 A CN1168649 A CN 1168649A CN 95194811 A CN95194811 A CN 95194811A CN 95194811 A CN95194811 A CN 95194811A CN 1168649 A CN1168649 A CN 1168649A
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Prior art keywords
pressing plate
shaft
card punch
lever
cam
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CN1131769C (zh
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J·J·杰维茨基
M·J·达莫雷
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Acco Brands Inc
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Acco Brands USA LLC
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26FPERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
    • B26F1/00Perforating; Punching; Cutting-out; Stamping-out; Apparatus therefor
    • B26F1/32Hand-held perforating or punching apparatus, e.g. awls
    • B26F1/36Punching or perforating pliers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26FPERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
    • B26F1/00Perforating; Punching; Cutting-out; Stamping-out; Apparatus therefor
    • B26F1/02Perforating by punching, e.g. with relatively-reciprocating punch and bed
    • B26F1/14Punching tools; Punching dies
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26DCUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D5/00Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D5/08Means for actuating the cutting member to effect the cut
    • B26D5/10Hand or foot actuated means
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00Cutting
    • Y10T83/869Means to drive or to guide tool
    • Y10T83/8821With simple rectilinear reciprocating motion only
    • Y10T83/8841Tool driver movable relative to tool support
    • Y10T83/8843Cam or eccentric revolving about fixed axis
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00Cutting
    • Y10T83/869Means to drive or to guide tool
    • Y10T83/8821With simple rectilinear reciprocating motion only
    • Y10T83/8841Tool driver movable relative to tool support
    • Y10T83/885Fixed axis lever
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00Cutting
    • Y10T83/929Tool or tool with support
    • Y10T83/9411Cutting couple type
    • Y10T83/9423Punching tool
    • Y10T83/9428Shear-type male tool
    • Y10T83/943Multiple punchings

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)

Abstract

手动纸板打孔器有一个细长的可绕轴转动的压板(23),它带动打孔器冲头打出纸板孔,另外,可转动的杠杆装置(26)装在此压板上方,用以向下推动此细长压板打出纸板孔。实现了机械效益的提高。

Description

手动打孔器的杠杆操纵压板
本发明背景
以前的手动打孔器包括一个手柄和一个实施打纸板孔的压板(美国专利NO2,382,523)。伸展的纵向手柄也曾用于手动打孔器(美国专利No.5,143,502)。打孔机还包括回复杠杆机构(美国专利No.806,262)。
本发明概述
概而言之,本发明包括一个对此手动打孔器压板施力的凸轮杠杆装置。绕打孔器上的一根轴转动的压板,受一个也装在打孔器上的凸轮杠杆装置中的凸轮作用,以增大作用在打孔器上的机械力,从而减小使用者的用力。打孔器包括一个盛纳纸屑的防刮擦滑座。
本发明的一个特点是,凸轮杠杆装置可绕平行或垂直于压板转轴的一根轴转动。
另一个特点是,无须卸下滑座便可将打孔操作产生的纸屑排出打孔器组件。
还有一个特点是,打孔器组件有一个与压板成一整体的凸轮件,可以一个滚动的凸轮面而不是扁平的滑动平面带动打孔器冲头,从而消除先有技术打孔器所产生的噪声。
附图的简要说明
图1是压板抬起的先有技术打孔器的主视图;
图1a是先有技术的打孔器的剖视图,表示杠杆间距;
图2是本发明带滑座的打孔器的后视图,打孔器的压板抬起,并且包括一个凸轮杠杆机构,图中杠杆处于抬起位置;
图3与图2的视图相同,但凸轮杠杆和压板已落下;
图4是打孔器的局部剖视的侧视图,其杠杆和压板抬起;
图5与图4的视图相同,但杠杆和压板已落下;
图6表示另一实施例,有一绕与打孔器的长相垂直的轴装在打孔器端部的升起的杠杆装置;
图7与图6的视图相同,但杠杆已落下;
图8是图7的局部放大图,其上标有尺寸和角度;
图9是图6的局部放大图,其中标有尺寸和角度;
图10与图7的视图相同,杠杆落下并示出了特定长度;
图11是盛纸屑的滑座的透视图,表示滑座的各个构件;
图12是打孔器基座的透视图,表示滑座已局部伸出;
图13是另一滑座的透视图;和
图13a是取自图13的剖视图。
优选方案的说明
在图1中,先有技术打孔器10有矩形基座11,垂直端壁12a、12b和带凹槽13a的可转动的压板13。还示出三个(3)冲头元件14a、14、14c以及压板凸台13P。参考图1a,先有技术打孔器10的机械效益表示如下:
d3=1.5 INCH Typ.
d2=1 INCH Typ.
d1=0.5 INCH Typ.
d 3 d 1 = 1.5 0.5 = 3 : 1 比率
参看图2至图5,本发明纸板打孔器20有基座21,垂直端壁22a、22b,绕压板轴线24转动的细长压板23,打孔器冲头凸轮41a、41b、41c,滑动的滑座29和压板凸轮表面32。杠杆26包括手触部28,颈部31,弧形凸轮表面34,当操纵杠杆26推动可转动的细长压板23时(见图4和5),弧形凸轮表面34(图2)与压板23的压板凸轮表面32形成滑动线接触。杠杆26的形状和定位要利于转动,所以它应在俯视所见的矩形基座21的范围之内。杠杆26使打孔器的高度增加,但不增加其宽度或长度。图中也表示了带水平槽36S、37S和40S的打孔元件导轨36、37,以便纵向调节支承打孔器各冲头39P的冲头元件39a、39b、39c。
参照图3和10,以及杠杆臂的尺寸:
杠杆机械效益设计
d4=1.447
d5=4.470
d6=0.380
d7=0.887
d 5 d 4 = 5.47 1.447 = 3.78 : 1 比率
d 7 d 6 = 0.887 0.380 = 2.33 : 1 比率
效益2.33×3.78=8.807
当杠杆26的弧形凸轮表面34对远离轴线24的压板23的压板凸轮表面32作用时,机构效益基于下列方程(图8和9):
方程组1 ∠ BAE = cos - 1 AB 2 + AE 2 - BE 2 2 · AB · AE 其中 AB = AF 2 + FO 2 = Q 1 2 + γ 1 2 AE = AF 2 + FE 2 = Q 1 2 + λ 1 2
BE=R=γ12 < &theta;AF = tg - 1 &gamma; 1 l 1 < FAE = tg - 1 &lambda; l 1
θ=<BAE-<FAE
α=<BAE-<FAE-<OAF
AC=AB·cosθ
DE=AF-AC=l1-ABcosθ BD = BE 2 - DE 2 = R 2 - DE 2
δ=γ1·cosβ
方程组2
第一步:(l1-δ)Pcosβ=(l1+l2)F1 F 1 = ( l 1 - &delta; ) ( l 1 + l 2 ) cos &beta; &CenterDot; P = G 1 &CenterDot; P
其中
    P是打孔力 G 1 = ( l 1 - &delta; ) ( l 1 + l 2 ) cos &beta;
l1,l2,δ,β是相关的几何参数(见第2页)第二步:l3F2=(l3+l4)F输入
其中
    F输入是输入力 G 2 = l 3 l 3 + l 4
因为F1=F2,综合(1)和(2),我们得到
F输入  =G1·G2·P
在操作时,呈弧形表面而不是平斜表面的与压板23一体的凸轮各表面41a、41b、41c对冲头元件39a、39b、39c的表面42a、42b、42c施以滚动而不是滑动作用,所以本打孔器可消除通常装置中出现的噪声。
参看图6、7和另一实施例,打孔器60有基座61,端部机架62、63,压板64,压板轴66,杠杆67和杠杆轴68。压板64包括靠近轴66的凸轮64g和远离的凸轮64b。杠杆67包括凸轮69和远端的表面67g。
图7表示杠杆臂的尺寸:
d8=0.380
d9=1.200
d10=0.400
d11=1.560
d 9 d 8 = 1.200 0.380 = 3.158 : 1 比率
d 11 d 10 = 1.560 0.400 = 3.9 : 1 比率
3.158×3.9=12.316
参考图8和9,示出了滑座29的结构和操作,它包括凹槽80,封闭端81,倾斜侧面82、83,切口端84,开口85、86和底面87。滑座29是由橡胶、塑料或其它材料制造的,它们应不损伤或破坏修光了的木桌面或类似表面。
滑座29可以伸出到能把纸屑从滑座承托凹槽80倒出的位置。滑座29从图2和3所示的收回位置移动到倒出纸屑时的位置,是通过将滑座29沿与端部84相反方向滑移来完成的。滑座29在基座21上的限位是通过形成与基座21的倾斜侧面88、89互补的滑座29的倾斜侧面82、83来完成的。
参看图13和13a,表示滑座100的另一实施例,滑座100包括导槽101和102,坑腔103,封闭端104、105,倾斜侧面106、107,内部倾斜表面108、109和底面110。导槽101、102在封闭端104处终止,或者封闭端104可像端部105那样,将两导槽101、102继续开通至端部104的外表面。

Claims (5)

1.一种手动纸板打孔器,有一个绕压板轴转动的细长压板,压板有一个上表面,改进措施包括:
a)一个压板,有靠近压板轴的一第一部分和远离压板轴的一第二凸轮部分;
b)用于打纸板孔、安装在压板下面的若干分开一定间距的冲头;
c)凸轮杠杆装置,安装在固定于此打孔器上的一杠杆轴上,以便凸轮接触压板第二部分的上凸轮表面;
所以,杠杆装置绕杠杆轴的运动引起压板转动,从而打出纸板孔。
2.如权利要求1所述的打孔器,其中,杠杆轴平行于压板轴。
3.如权利要求1所述的打孔器,其中,杠杆轴垂直于压板轴。
4.打孔器组件,其中,压板和打孔元件的接触操作面是凸形表面,而且其中,压板上的各凸形表面以不同半径转动,从而带动凸轮以打孔元件的各个半径运动,因此产生的噪音声级低。
5.如权利要求1所述的打孔器组件,还有一个防刮擦滑座,该滑座在其中一侧面或二个侧面上开设有沟槽,可使滑座沿与打孔器压板轴平行的轴线滑动,以暴露出在此滑座上的一存纳纸屑的敞口凹槽,从而提供了排出这些纸屑的措施。
CN95194811A 1994-07-01 1995-06-29 手动纸板打孔器 Expired - Lifetime CN1131769C (zh)

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US27018694A 1994-07-01 1994-07-01
US08/270,186 1994-07-01

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CN1131769C CN1131769C (zh) 2003-12-24

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US (1) US5778750A (zh)
KR (1) KR970704558A (zh)
CN (1) CN1131769C (zh)
CA (1) CA2194271C (zh)
TW (1) TW283671B (zh)
WO (1) WO1996001173A1 (zh)

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CN101932412B (zh) * 2007-03-30 2012-12-05 斯特普尔斯办公用品超市有限公司 打孔机
CN102554876B (zh) * 2005-09-08 2014-10-29 阿科布兰兹美国有限责任公司 纸张加工处理工具的传动装置

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CN101932412B (zh) * 2007-03-30 2012-12-05 斯特普尔斯办公用品超市有限公司 打孔机

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US5778750A (en) 1998-07-14
KR970704558A (ko) 1997-09-06
TW283671B (zh) 1996-08-21
WO1996001173A1 (en) 1996-01-18
CA2194271A1 (en) 1996-01-18
CA2194271C (en) 2005-05-03
CN1131769C (zh) 2003-12-24

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