CN116850146B - 伏硫西汀自由碱或其药用盐长效缓释制剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
伏硫西汀自由碱或其药用盐长效缓释制剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
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- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0019—Injectable compositions; Intramuscular, intravenous, arterial, subcutaneous administration; Compositions to be administered through the skin in an invasive manner
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61P25/24—Antidepressants
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- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种长效缓释制剂,包含伏硫西汀自由碱或其药用盐和丙交酯‑乙交酯共聚物。本发明所述长效缓释制剂具有明显的长效缓释效果,可显著减少给药次数,长时间维持药理活性,提高患者顺应性和用药的依从性。本发明采用O/W单乳化‑溶剂挥发工艺制备微球,该工艺制备的微球载药量高,包封率高,工艺简便,重现性好,易于工业化放大应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属医药技术领域,涉及一种伏硫西汀自由碱或其药用盐长效缓释制剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
抑郁症被列为全球范围内主要的非致命性健康损害疾病之一,抑郁症的发病多在20~60岁职业人群中,导致误工或工作效率低下,造成严重社会负担和经济负担。
新型抗抑郁药物伏硫西汀(vortioxetine hydrobromide,VH)由灵北(Lundbeck)和武田(Takeda)联合研发,于2013年美国食品药品管理局(FDA)批准上市,是一个多模式作用机制的抗抑郁剂,可以全面改善患者的抑郁症状,包括情绪,躯体及认知。对于重度抑郁障碍(major depressive disorder,MDD)、抑郁合并重度焦虑障碍、广泛性焦虑障碍(generalized anxiety disorder,GAD)、使用选择性5-羟色胺(5-HT)再摄取抑制剂(selectiveserotonin reuptake inhibitor,SSRI)或5-HT-去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂(serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors,SNRI)药物治疗失败的患者有显著疗效,还可以降低疾病复发的风险,改善患者日常社会功能与认知功能。与传统抗抑郁药比较,不良事件发生率小。2018年4月氢溴酸伏硫西汀(商品名:心达悦)在中国正式上市。
目前已上市的伏硫西汀主要是口服制剂,味道苦涩,需要每日服用,容易出现漏服现象,并且多数抑郁症患者会因病耻感而抗拒服药,进而导致抑郁加重。临床上需要开发一种非口服形式给药的长效缓释制剂,提高患者顺应性和用药依从性。
CN109922806B公开了一种氢溴酸沃替西汀长效缓释注射剂,将氢溴酸沃替西汀湿法研磨制成混悬液,通过控制粒径的大小控制药物的释放。但氢溴酸对肌肉具有一定的刺激性,同时药物以氢溴酸伏硫西汀吸收,氢溴酸伏硫西汀溶解度较高,通常来说,制备成微晶注射剂会造成体内突释大,持续时间较短。
CN114767681A公开了一种伏硫西汀前药的药物组合物及其制备方法,采用月桂酸对伏硫西汀进行修饰,制备微晶或纳米晶混悬液。但酯类前药进入人体后,需要酯酶将其水解,由于试验的物种不同,酯酶水平也有显著的差异,很难预测其前药的药代动力学分布,同时烷基酯在人体内中的生物转化相对较慢且不完全,使得这些前药的生物利用度低。微晶或纳米晶混悬液所用原料需要无菌工艺生产,成本较高。
发明内容
旨在克服现有技术的不足,本发明人进行深入研究,提出一种伏硫西汀自由碱或其药用盐长效缓释制剂及其制备方法。在本技术方案中,所述长效缓释制剂是长效缓释微球制剂,通过药用高分子材料的降解,缓慢释放药物,长时间维持药理活性,可减少给药次数,提高患者顺应性和用药的依从性。
首先,本发明提供一种伏硫西汀自由碱或其药用盐长效缓释制剂,具体技术方案如下:
一种伏硫西汀自由碱或其可药用盐的长效缓释制剂,包含伏硫西汀自由碱或其药用盐和丙交酯-乙交酯共聚物。伏硫西汀自由碱或其药用盐的含量占微球总重量的10%~50%;丙交酯-乙交酯共聚物的含量占微球总重量的50%~90%。
进一步的,所述药用盐是由无机酸或有机酸形成,其中所述无机酸选自氢溴酸、盐酸、硝酸、磷酸或硫酸,所述有机酸选自DL-乳酸、马来酸、乙酸、苯甲酸、甲磺酸、萘磺酸或对甲苯磺酸。
丙交酯-乙交酯共聚物,英文名称为Poly(lactide-co-glycolide),简称PLGA。作为优选,所述丙交酯与乙交酯的摩尔比为95:05~05:95。所述丙交酯-乙交酯共聚物的分子量为10000~100000道尔顿。所述丙交酯-乙交酯共聚物的特性粘度为0.15~0.9dl/g。
进一步的,所述涉及的长效缓释制剂为长效缓释微球,长效缓释微球包括粒径为1~250μm的球形颗粒或不规则形状颗粒。作为优选,采用乳化溶剂挥发法,制备的长效缓释制剂为粒径10~250μm的球形微粒。
其次,本发明提供上述伏硫西汀自由碱或其药用盐长效缓释制剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将伏硫西汀自由碱或其药用盐和丙交酯-乙交酯共聚物溶于有机溶剂中,作为油相;
(2)将表面活性剂溶于水中,作为水相;
(3)将步骤(1)获得的油相与步骤(2)获得的水相混合,高速剪切制成O/W乳液;
(4)低速搅拌,挥发去除有机溶剂;固化后收集,洗涤,分散于冻干保护剂水溶液中,冻干,即得。
作为优选,所述有机溶剂选自亲水性溶剂和疏水性溶剂;亲水性溶剂选自甲醇(MeOH)、乙醇(EtOH)、苯甲醇(BnOH)、二甲基亚砜(DMSO)、N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)、乙酸(HAc)、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMA)、苯氧乙醇、碳酸丙烯酯、四氢呋喃聚乙二醇醚的一种或几种、或与水的组合物;疏水性溶剂选自二氯甲烷(DCM)、乙酸乙酯(EtAc)。
作为优选,所述表面活性剂选自聚乙烯醇(PVA)、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)、羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC-Na)、聚山梨酯系列、泊洛沙姆系列、十二烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基磺酸钠中的一种、两种或两种以上的混合。
作为优选,所述水相pH范围在2~10;所述油相和水相之间的体积比为1:5~1:150。
所述冻干保护剂可以为本领域中任何适合用于微球制剂冷冻干燥工艺的冻干保护剂,例如可以为甘露醇、蔗糖、葡萄糖、右旋糖酐、海藻糖等其中的一种或多种,优选为甘露醇,特别是低内毒素注射级甘露醇。所述冻干保护剂为重量百分比为1%~20%的甘露醇溶液。
在本技术方案中,涉及的术语包括:
载药量:指单位重量或单位体积微球所负载的药量,其中能释放的药量为有效载药量。除药物与基质发生不可逆结合外,载药量可看成是微球的含药量。
包封率:是指被包裹物质(如某药物)占药物总投料量的百分比,反映了药物被载体包封的程度。
释放度:药物从微球在规定溶剂中释放的速度和程度。
在本技术方案中,涉及的公式包括:
载药量(%)=(微球中所含药物质量)/(微球的总质量)*100%
包封率(%)=(微球的实际载药量)/(微球的理论载药量)*100%
本发明具有如下优势:
(1)本发明将伏硫西汀自由碱或其药用盐包埋在高分子材料里面,通过材料的降解缓慢释放药物,相对于一般制剂,可长时间维持药理活性,减少给药次数,提高患者的顺应性和用药的依从性,保证制剂释放平稳,满足药物的安全性和有效性;
(2)本发明采用传统的乳化溶剂挥发法制备伏硫西汀自由碱或其药用盐长效缓释制剂,制备工艺简单,重现性好,载药量高,包封率好,容易放大,易于实现产业化。
(3)本发明所研发剂型采用肌肉注射或皮下注射方式给药,既可改善多数抑郁症患者因病耻感而抗拒服药,进而导致病情加重的情况,也可缓解中重度抑郁症患者拒绝服药的现象。
附图说明
图1 实施例1微球样品光学显微镜图;
图2 实施例1微球样品扫描电镜图;
图3 实施例1微球样品粒径分布图;
图4 实施例2微球样品光学显微镜图;
图5 实施例2微球样品扫描电镜图;
图6 实施例2微球样品粒径分布图;
图7 实施例3微球样品粒径分布图;
图8 实施例4微球样品光学显微镜图;
图9 实施例4微球样品粒径分布图;
图10 实验例3微球体外释放对比图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明了,下面结合具体实施方式并参照附图,对本发明进一步详细说明。应该理解,这些描述只是示例性的,而并非要限制本发明的范围。此外,在以下说明中,省略了对公知结构和技术的描述,以避免不必要地混淆本发明的概念。
本发明中,若非特指,所采用的原料和设备等均可从市场购得或是本领域常用的。下述实施例中的方法,如无特别说明,均为本领域的常规方法。
实施例1 伏硫西汀微球的制备:
S1 将0.4g伏硫西汀和0.6g丙交酯-乙交酯共聚物7525,溶于2.4ml二氯甲烷中,得澄清液体,作为油相。
S2 称取1.25g聚乙烯醇,加水溶解并稀释制成0.5%的溶液,作为水相。
S3 在1000~2000rpm高速剪切的作用下,将S1制得的油相匀速注入S2制得的水相中,边注入边剪切,持续13s,制成O/W乳液;
S4 将S3制备的O/W乳液低速搅拌,挥发去除有机溶剂,固化微球;固化后过滤收集微球,洗涤,分散于冻干保护剂水溶液中,即得干燥微球FLXT A。
微球样品FLXT A光学显微镜图见图1;扫描电镜图见图2;粒径分布图见图3;载药量、包封率结果见表2;粒度检测结果见表3;体外释放结果见表4和图10。
实施例2氢溴酸伏硫西汀微球的制备:
S1 将0.2g氢溴酸伏硫西汀和0.8g丙交酯-乙交酯共聚物5050,溶于3.2ml混合溶剂(二氯甲烷:苯甲醇=3:1)中,得澄清液体,作为油相。
S2 称取2.4g聚乙烯醇,加水溶解并稀释制成0.8%的溶液,作为水相。
S3 在1000~2000rpm高速剪切的作用下,将S1制得的油相匀速注入S2制得的水相中,边注入边剪切,持续13s,制成O/W乳液;
S4 将S3制备的O/W乳液低速搅拌,挥发去除有机溶剂,固化微球;固化后过滤收集微球,洗涤,分散于冻干保护剂水溶液中,即得干燥微球FLXT B。
微球样品FLXT B光学显微镜图见图4;扫描电镜图见图5;粒径分布图见图6;载药量、包封率结果见表2;粒度检测结果见表3;体外释放结果见表4和图10。
实施例3氢溴酸伏硫西汀微球的制备:
S1 将0.05g氢溴酸伏硫西汀和0.45g丙交酯-乙交酯共聚物5050,溶于1.8ml混合溶剂(二氯烷:苯甲醇=3:1)中,得澄清液体,作为油相。
S2 称取1.0g聚乙烯醇,加水溶解并稀释制成0.5%的溶液,作为水相。
S3 在1000~2000rpm高速剪切的作用下,将S1制得的油相匀速注入S2制得的水相中,边注入边剪切,持续13s,制成O/W乳液;
S4 将S3制备的O/W乳液低速搅拌,挥发去除有机溶剂,固化微球;固化后过滤收集微球,洗涤,分散于冻干保护剂水溶液中,即得干燥微球FLXT C。
微球样品FLXT C粒径分布图见图7;载药量、包封率结果见表2;粒度检测结果见表3;体外释放结果见表4和图10。
实施例4DL-乳酸伏硫西汀微球的制备:
S1 称取0.15g DL-乳酸伏硫西汀和0.85g丙交酯-乙交酯共聚物5050,加3.4ml二氯甲烷,补充0.3ml乙醇促进溶解,得澄清液体,作为油相。
S2 称取2.4g聚乙烯醇,加水溶解并稀释制成0.8%的溶液,作为水相。
S3 在1000~2000rpm高速剪切的作用下,将S1制得的油相匀速注入S2制得的水相中,边注入边剪切,持续13s,制成O/W乳液;
S4 将S3制备的O/W乳液低速搅拌,挥发去除有机溶剂,固化微球;固化后过滤收集微球,洗涤,分散于冻干保护剂水溶液中,即得干燥微球FLXT D。
微球样品FLXT D光学显微镜图见图8;粒径分布图见图9;载药量、包封率结果见表2;粒度检测结果见表3;体外释放结果见表4和图10。
实验例1微球载药量、包封率的测定
供试品溶液:称取伏硫西汀自由碱或其药用盐微球20mg,置100ml容量瓶中,加少量二甲基亚砜溶解,超声5min使其溶解完全后,加0.01M稀盐酸定容,摇匀,过滤(PTFE,0.22μm,25mm),弃去2ml,取续滤液。
对照品溶液:称取氢溴酸伏硫西汀20mg,置100ml容量瓶中,加水溶解并稀释至刻度,摇匀,精密量取5ml,置25ml容量瓶中,用水稀释至刻度,摇匀。
液相条件:采用苯基硅烷键合硅胶填料色谱柱;以甲醇-0.05mol/L磷酸二氢铵缓冲液(取磷酸二氢铵5.75g,加水1000ml溶解后,用磷酸调PH至2.5)(10:90)为流动相A,以甲醇为流动相B,按下表程序进行梯度洗脱。
流速为1.0ml/min,柱温为40℃,检测波长为226nm,进样体积为10μl。
流动相梯度洗脱程序,见表1。
表 流动相梯度洗脱程序
实验结果:采用上述方法检测样品FLXT A、FLXT B、FLXT C、FLXT D的载药量和包封率,结果见表2。本发明制备的微球载药量高,包封率好。
表 微球载药量、包封率结果
实验例2微球粒度检测
实验样品:微球样品FLXT A、FLXT B、FLXT C、FLXTD
实验方法:将100mg微球样品加入到直径2cm的玻璃瓶中,使其平铺于玻璃瓶底,加入5ml水,水浴超声1-2s,重复3次。将纯化水超声脱气,量取400ml水,置500ml烧杯中,放入到Hydro EV分散系统中,转速2100rpm,扣除背景后,将样品加入到烧杯中,使用Mastersizer 3000激光粒度仪进行粒度测定。
实验结果:FLXT A、FLXT B、FLXT C、FLXT D粒度检测结果见表3。
表 3 微球粒度检测结果
实验例3微球的体外释放试验
实验样品:微球样品FLXT A、FLXT B、FLXT C、FLXTD
实验方法:称取伏硫西汀自由碱或其药用盐微球约20mg,置100ml离心管中,加释放介质50ml,放入37℃振荡器中,以100rpm频率往复振荡。于规定时间点把离心管从振荡器中取出,静置10min或高速离心,取出5ml上清液,过滤(PTFE,0.22μm,25mm),弃去2ml,取续滤液。并补充等体积新鲜的释放介质。对照品溶液同实验例1,采用外标法计算释放度滤液浓度。
累积释放度计算公式如下
式中:
V0—所用释放介质的体积,ml;
Ct—取样时间点测得释放介质中所含药物的浓度,mg/ml;
V—每次取样的体积,ml;
W—投入的微球的总重量,mg;
X—微球的载药量(%)。
实验结果:微球体外释放累积释放度数据见表4,体外释放对比图见图6。采用本发明制备的不同盐型伏硫西汀微球,在同一释放度检测37℃条件下的释放曲线几乎一致,可以维持两周的稳定释放。
表 4 微球累积释放度数据
Claims (4)
1.伏硫西汀自由碱或其可药用盐的长效缓释制剂,其特征在于,包含伏硫西汀自由碱或其氢溴酸盐和丙交酯-乙交酯共聚物,其中伏硫西汀自由碱或其氢溴酸盐的含量占总重量的16.76%~37.8%;
所述丙交酯-乙交酯共聚物为丙交酯-乙交酯共聚物7525或丙交酯-乙交酯共聚物5050;
所述丙交酯-乙交酯共聚物的分子量为10000~100000道尔顿;
所述丙交酯-乙交酯共聚物的特性粘度为0.15~0.9dl/g;
所述长效缓释制剂的制备方法,为如下步骤:
(1)将伏硫西汀自由碱或其药用盐和丙交酯-乙交酯共聚物溶于有机溶剂中,作为油相;所述有机溶剂为二氯甲烷或二氯甲烷:苯甲醇=3:1;
(2)将表面活性剂溶于水中,作为水相;所述表面活性剂为聚乙烯醇;
(3)将步骤(1)获得的油相与步骤(2)获得的水相混合,高速剪切制成O/W乳液;所述水相pH范围在2~10,所述油相和水相之间的体积比为1:5~1:150;
(4)低速搅拌,挥发去除有机溶剂;固化后收集,洗涤,分散于冻干保护剂水溶液中,冻干,即得。
2.权利要求1所述的长效缓释制剂,其特征在于,所述长效缓释制剂为粒径10~250μm的球形微粒。
3.根据权利要求1所述的长效缓释制剂,其特征在于,所述冻干保护剂为重量百分比为1%~20%的甘露醇溶液。
4.根据权利要求1所述长效缓释制剂在制备治疗中重度抑郁症的药物中的应用。
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CN111569080A (zh) * | 2019-01-30 | 2020-08-25 | 鸡西代悦科技有限公司 | Plga在制备ssri类抗抑郁药物微球中的应用 |
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CN111569080A (zh) * | 2019-01-30 | 2020-08-25 | 鸡西代悦科技有限公司 | Plga在制备ssri类抗抑郁药物微球中的应用 |
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