CN116844862B - 一种电介质材料及其在制备陶瓷电容器中的应用 - Google Patents
一种电介质材料及其在制备陶瓷电容器中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000003985 ceramic capacitor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- -1 mgO Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
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- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 24
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 9
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Inorganic materials [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910018557 Si O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 4
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- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium titanate Chemical class [Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])([O-])[O-] JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
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- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910021193 La 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种电介质材料及其在制备陶瓷电容器中的应用,是由包括主成分和第一副成分的制备原料制得,所述主成分包括100摩尔份(SrxBayCa1‑x‑y)6(TizZr1‑z)2(NbpTa1‑p)8O30,所述第一副成分包括cSiO2,所述c为0.2~6摩尔份,所述x、y、z、p表示摩尔比,0≤x≤1,0.1≤y≤0.8,0≤z≤1,0.2≤p≤0.75。通过添加稀土氧化物、MgO、SiO2和金属化合物M1等副成分,调控材料的微观结构,保证材料兼备优异的介电性能与高温高压下的使用寿命;调控Si、Ba、Nb的添加量及比例,控制结晶性氧化物二次粒子的有效长度,在不影响材料可靠性的前提下,改善产品的耐热冲击性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及陶瓷电容器技术领域,特别涉及一种电介质材料及其在制备陶瓷电容器中的应用。
背景技术
多层陶瓷电容器作为陶瓷电子元件的代表之一,由于其可靠性高、成本低廉被广泛应用于电子设备中,如家电、汽车、手机、5G基站等多类设备,其中车载等用的电子元件,要求更高温度区域的性能保证,及在高温且高电压的环境下使用,电容器的功能也不容易劣化,并且能够承受宽温度范围内的冷热温度冲击。
目前对于多层陶瓷电容器的研究,广泛使用钛酸钡系化合物作为陶瓷介电材料,虽然获得较高的介电常数,但在高温、高电压的环境下,钛酸钡系电介质材料的介电特性下降明显,无法满足所需使用条件。尤其是,针对搭载了150℃以上的高温区域中使用的Si或者GaN等功率半导体的逆变器电路中的层叠陶瓷电容器,要求在-55℃~200℃范围的温度下依旧能保持良好的容量,且具备优良的耐冷热冲击性能及高可靠性,常规钛酸钡系介电材料无法满足要求。
以钨青铜系与钙钛矿系混合结构的介电陶瓷材料,如以(1-a)(K1-xNax)(Sr1-y- zBayCaz)2Nb5O15-a(Ba1-bCab)TiO3表示的混晶体系为主成分,可以实现在175℃左右的高温获得稳定的静电电容,同时具备较高的IR性能,但此类介电陶瓷材料在冷热冲击时,容易产生裂纹,且高温条件下,长时间连续施加高电压的负载寿命不足。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的上述技术问题之一。为此,本发明的目的在于提供一种电介质材料及其在制备陶瓷电容器中的应用,该电介质材料在高温区域中具有高可靠性且具备优良的耐冷热冲击性能,通过添加稀土氧化物、MgO、SiO2和金属化合物M1等多种副成分,来调控材料的微观结构,从而保证材料兼备优异的介电性能与高温高压下的寿命特性;同时调控Si、Ba、Nb的添加量及相关比例,控制形成的结晶性氧化物二次粒子的有效长度,在不影响材料可靠性的前提下,改善产品的耐热冲击性能。
为了实现上述目的,本发明所采取的技术方案是:
本发明第一方面,提出了一种电介质材料,是由包括主成分和第一副成分的制备原料制得,所述主成分包括100摩尔份(SrxBayCa1-x-y)6(TizZr1-z)2(NbpTa1-p)8O30,所述第一副成分包括cSiO2,所述c为0.2~6摩尔份,所述x、y、z、p表示摩尔比,0≤x≤1,0.1≤y≤0.8,0≤z≤1,0.2≤p≤0.75。
当SiO2添加过多时,玻璃液相多,晶粒生长容易,导致晶粒异常长大,同时二次粒子过度生长,TCC、高温负荷寿命等受影响;当SiO2添加量过少时,晶粒生长困难,致密化程度降低,导致高温负荷寿命下降,二次粒子生长困难,耐热冲击性能下降。
在本发明的一些优选的实施方式中,所述y的取值为0.2≤y≤0.6。
在本发明的一些优选的实施方式中,所述p的取值为0.3≤p≤0.6。
在本发明的一些优选的实施方式中,所述第一副成分包括0.3~3摩尔份SiO2。
在本发明的一些优选的实施方式中,所述c与p的比值为1~8,所述c与(y+p)的比值为0.44~3.87。
当c与p的比值和c与(y+p)的比值过大时,不同种类的元素更容易在烧结过程中迁移,导致二次粒子过度生长,使得高温负荷寿命下降;当c与p的比值和c与(y+p)的比值过小时,晶粒生长受到抑制,同时二次粒子形成困难或尺度偏小,耐热冲击性能下降。
在本发明的一些更优选的实施方式中,所述c与p的比值为2~5,所述c与(y+p)的比值为0.78~2.5。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,所述第一副成分还包括0.1~6摩尔份MgO和0.1~5摩尔份M1,所述M1包括Mn、V、Cr、Fe、W、Mo、Ni、Zn中至少一种元素的化合物。
当MgO添加量过多时,烧成温度上升,可烧结性恶化,抑制烧结过程中元素移动扩散,导致加速寿命恶化;当MgO添加量过少时,抑制晶粒生长的效果低下,绝缘电阻降低,同时晶粒长大,介电温度特性恶化。
当M1添加量过多时,固溶产生较多的自由电子,导致绝缘性能下降明显,甚至半导化,导致高温负荷寿命下降明显;当M1添加较少时,无法保证材料在还原气氛下烧结,起不到抗还原的作用,烧结出现较多的氧缺陷,导致高温负荷寿命下降。
在本发明的一些优选的实施方式中,所述第一副成分还包括0.5~3摩尔份MgO和0.5~2摩尔份M1,所述M1包括Mn、V、Cr、Fe、W、Mo、Ni、Zn中至少一种元素的化合物。
在本发明的一些优选的实施方式中,所述M1包括Mn、V、Cr、Fe、W、Mo、Ni、Zn中至少一种元素的氧化物。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,所述电介质材料还包括第二副成分0.1~10摩尔份稀土的氧化物,所述稀土的氧化物包括La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Y、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb、Lu、Sc中至少一种元素的氧化物。
当稀土的氧化物添加量过多时,静电电容温度系数更趋于稳定,但材料介电常数低,烧结性低下,绝缘电阻劣化;稀土的氧化物添加量过少时,高温下耐压性降低,高温负载寿命降低。
在本发明的一些优选的实施方式中,所述电介质材料还包括第二副成分0.5~5摩尔份稀土的氧化物,所述稀土的氧化物包括La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Y、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb、Lu、Sc中至少一种元素的氧化物。
本发明第二方面,提出了所述的电介质材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
按摩尔比,将金属化合物球磨破碎混合,进行第一阶段煅烧,得主成分(SrxBayCa1-x-y)6(TizZr1-z)2(NbpTa1-p)8O30,将主成分与第一副成分和可选的第二副成分混合,进行第二阶段煅烧,得电介质材料;
所述金属化合物包括Sr、Ba、Ca、Ti、Zr、Nb、Ta的氧化物和/或复合氧化物、碳酸盐化合物。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,所述第一阶段煅烧的温度为1000~1400℃,时间为1~4h。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,所述第二阶段煅烧的温度为800~1200℃,时间为1~4h。
本发明第三方面,提出了一种陶瓷电容器,包括所述的电介质材料。
本发明第四方面,提出了所述的陶瓷电容器的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1.将电介质材料与助剂混合,球磨混合成型加工,得陶瓷生片;
S2.在陶瓷生片上印刷导电性膏,得表面形成导电膜的陶瓷生片;
S3.将S2的表面形成导电膜的陶瓷生片进行层叠,再以S1的陶瓷生片进行压接,热处理,还原性气氛下烧结,得陶瓷烧结体;
S4.在陶瓷烧结体表面涂敷导电性膏烧结,得外部电极;
S5.在外部电极表面形成第一镀覆膜,在所述第一镀覆膜的表面形成第二镀覆膜,得层叠陶瓷电容器。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,S1中,所述助剂包括有机粘合剂、有机溶剂。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,所述有机粘合剂包括PVB(聚乙烯醇缩丁醛酯)、聚苯乙烯、羧甲基纤维素、丙烯酸树脂中的至少一种。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,所述有机溶剂包括乙醇、甲苯、丙酮、异丙醇中的至少一种。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,S3中,所述热处理的温度为250~350℃;所述热处理的时间为1~2h;所述还原性气氛为由H2-N2-H2O气体构成的强还原性气氛;所述烧结的温度为1100~1300℃;所述烧结的时间为1~3h。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,S4中,所述导电性膏为Ag、Cu或者以它们的合金为主成分的导电金属材料;所述烧结温度为600~900℃;所述烧结的时间为20~40min。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,S5中,所述第一镀覆膜包括Ni、Cu、Ni-Cu合金膜中的至少一种。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,S5中,所述第二镀覆膜包括焊料与锡形成的覆膜。
相比于现有技术,本发明具有如下有益效果:
本发明通过控制电介质材料中Si与Ba、Nb的比例添加量,形成含Ba、Nb、Si三种元素的结晶性氧化物偏析相(Ba-Nb-Si-O,也称二次相或二次粒子),这类偏析相的平均有效长度为所述介质层厚度的0.1~0.5倍,对位错等缺陷可进行钉扎,同时可对介质层与内电极层二者起铆合作用,通过对偏析相的长度与介质层厚度的比值进行调节进一步增强了产品强度及电介质层层间结合力,提高电介质材料的耐热冲击性能。同时,对Si/Nb进行加入量的比值调整,在烧结过程中可控性增加含Si物相的形成,促进电介质材料的主相成分经由Ba-Nb-Si-O二次相进行扩散,从而提高电介质材料密度,使得强度进一步提高,获得较佳的耐热冲击性,有助于整体介电性能的提升。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体的实施例对本发明的内容作进一步详细的说明。实施例和对比例中所用的原料、试剂或装置如无特殊说明,均可从常规商业途径得到,或者可以通过现有技术方法得到。除非特别说明,试验或测试方法均为本领域的常规方法。
各实施例和对比例的性能测试参考如下:
本实施例1~14和对比例1~10提供一种陶瓷电容器:电介质材料的组成如表1所示:
表1.电介质材料的组成。
实施例1~14和对比例1~10所采用的R1具体为La、Ce、Sm的氧化物等比例混合,例如La2O3、Ce2O3、Sm2O3等比例混合,所采用的M1具体为Mn、V、Zn的氧化物等比例混合,例如MnO2、V2O5、ZnO等比例混合。
实施例1~14和对比例1~10的陶瓷电容器制备方法如下:
S1.主成分材料可选用(SrxBayCa1-x-y)6(TizZr1-z)2(NbpTa1-p)8O30中各个的金属的复合氧化物,也可使用(SrxBayCa1-x-y)6(TizZr1-z)2(NbpTa1-p)8O30中所含的各个单金属的氧化物或碳酸盐化合物,例如将SrCO3、BaCO3、CaCO3、TiO2、ZrO2、Nb2O5、Ta2O5按预定比例称量,经球磨粉碎,在经煅烧处理制得主材料;煅烧温度为1300℃,煅烧3h。
S2.按预定的比例将SiO2、MgO和R1的氧化物、M1的氧化物,与上述步骤S1的主材料混合,经球磨粉碎,煅烧处理,煅烧温度为1000℃,煅烧时间为3h,即得电介质材料。
S3.将上述介质瓷粉与有机粘合剂PVB、有机溶剂乙醇与甲苯等比例混合、球磨介质氧化锆球一同投入到球磨机并进行湿式混合,制作陶瓷浆料,通过唇式涂布法、刮刀法等对陶瓷浆料实施成型加工,制作陶瓷生片。
S4.准备以Ni等贱金属材料为主成分的内部电极用导电性浆料,使用该内部电极用导电性膏在S3的陶瓷生片上实施丝网印刷,在所述陶瓷生片的表面形成给定图案的导电膜。
S5.将S4的表面形成给定图案导电膜的陶瓷生片在给定方向上层叠多片,将S3制得的陶瓷生片配置在最上层,并进行压接,切断为给定尺寸而制作陶瓷层叠体。然后,将该陶瓷层叠体在大气气氛下以300℃的温度进行热处理,使有机粘合剂燃烧而除去,然后,在由H2-N2-H2O气体构成的强还原性气氛下(例如,氧分压为1011~1013MPa)以1200℃的烧成温度进行大约2小时的烧成处理。
S6.在S5烧结完毕的陶瓷烧结体的两端面涂敷外部电极用导电性膏,以700℃的温度进行烘烤处理20min,形成外部电极。另外,关于在外部电极用导电性膏中含有的导电性材料,虽然也没有特别限定,但是从低成本化的观点出发,优选使用Ag、Cu或者以它们的合金为主成分的材料。
此外,作为外部电极的形成方法,也可以在层叠成型体的两端面涂敷了外部电极用导电性膏之后,与层叠成型体同时实施烧成处理。
S7.在S6得到的外部电极的表面形成由Ni、Cu、Ni-Cu合金等构成的第一镀覆膜,进而,在该第一镀覆膜的表面形成由焊料、锡等构成的第二镀覆膜,得到层叠陶瓷电容器。
陶瓷电容器的性能测试结果见表2:
表2.陶瓷电容器的性能测试结果。
介电常数K | MTTF(h) | TCC(△C150℃/C25℃)(%) | 耐冲击性(%) | 二次粒子长度/介质厚度 | |
实施例1 | 1005 | 62 | -14.07 | 8 | 0.13 |
实施例2 | 993 | 51 | -14.96 | 10 | 0.10 |
实施例3 | 1113 | 97 | -12.21 | 0 | 0.27 |
实施例4 | 1254 | 116 | -10.63 | 0 | 0.30 |
实施例5 | 1010 | 68 | -13.15 | 0 | 0.50 |
实施例6 | 1017 | 79 | -12.84 | 5 | 0.14 |
实施例7 | 1496 | 126 | -9.24 | 0 | 0.17 |
实施例8 | 1484 | 117 | -10.00 | 0 | 0.19 |
实施例9 | 1301 | 90 | -10.32 | 0 | 0.23 |
实施例10 | 1345 | 114 | -10.26 | 0 | 0.16 |
实施例11 | 1311 | 92 | -10.39 | 0 | 0.21 |
实施例12 | 1327 | 110 | -10.24 | 0 | 0.18 |
实施例13 | 1353 | 116 | -10.89 | 0 | 0.28 |
实施例14 | 1346 | 100 | -10.97 | 0 | 0.41 |
对比例1 | 895 | 106 | -10.35 | 80 | 0.00 |
对比例2 | 696 | 50 | -11.67 | 60 | 0.05 |
对比例3 | 989 | 22 | -13.24 | 0 | 0.22 |
对比例4 | 984 | 31 | -19.26 | 0 | 0.26 |
对比例5 | 764 | 45 | -12.81 | 60 | 0.07 |
对比例6 | 936 | 33 | -14.35 | 0 | 0.19 |
对比例7 | 769 | 68 | -10.23 | 40 | 0.08 |
对比例8 | 964 | 24 | -16.23 | 0 | 0.62 |
对比例9 | 698 | 79 | -9.49 | 40 | 0.07 |
对比例10 | 875 | 30 | -17.22 | 0 | 0.54 |
由表1与表2可知,实施例1中y、p、a、b、c、d、c/p、c/(y+p)值均落在可选范围内,各项性能均合格。
实施例2中y、p、a、b、c、d、c/p值均较小时,由于Ba、Nb、Si含量低,且c/p较小,使得二次粒子长度/介质层厚度值较小,形成的二次粒子尺度小,耐热冲击性能一般,且R1、Mg等含量较少时,高温负荷寿命性能一般。
实施例3、4中y、p、a、b、c、d值均落在优选范围内时,整体性能较优,且4中c/p、c/(y+p)也为优选范围内,所得介电性能、高温负载寿命及TCC性能较佳。
实施例5中y、p、a、b、c、d、c/p值、c/(y+p)值较大时,此时二次粒子生长容易,尺度较大,二次粒子长度/介质层厚度值较大,耐热冲击性能良好,高温负荷寿命性能一般。
实施例6中y值较大,c/p和c/(y+p)值均较小时,导致Ba-Nb-Si-O二次相粒子尺度小,耐热冲击性能一般。
实施例7、8中y、p、a、b、c、d、c/p、c/(y+p)值均落在优选范围内,整体性能均佳,且实施例7为最优实施例。
实施例9、10与实施例7作对比,改变y值与c/(y+p)值,实施例9中当y值较小,c/(y+p)值较优时,二次粒子生长容易;实施例10中当y值与c/(y+p)值两者均优选时,高温负荷寿命性能更佳。
实施例11、12与实施例7作对比,改变p值与c/p值、c/(y+p)值,实施例11与实施例12的c/p值、c/(y+p)值均为优选范围内值,当p值较小时二次粒子生长容易,此时高温负荷寿命性能一般,而实施例12中p值为优选范围值,因此高温负荷寿命性能更佳。
实施例13、14与实施例7作对比,改变c值,实施例13中c/p值、c/(y+p)值均为优选值,实施例14中当c值、c/p值、c/(y+p)值较大时,烧结过程元素迁移更容易,使得粒子生长尺度较大,二次粒子长度/介质层厚度值较大,进一步使得高温负荷寿命性能一般。
对比例1~6分别为y、p、a、b、c、d值不满足可选范围的情况,具体为:对比例1中y值为0,缺Ba无法形成Ba-Nb-Si-O二次相,耐热冲击性能差;对比例2中p值过小,二次粒子少且尺度小,二次粒子长度/介质层厚度值过小,耐热冲击性能差;对比例3中R1值为0,无稀土掺杂改性,高温负荷寿命差;对比例4中Mg含量为0,晶粒生长抑制效果差,且无法与稀土形成特殊的芯-壳结构,导致高温符合寿命及TCC差;对比例5中Si含量过低,难以烧结,二次粒子生长困难,导致耐热冲击性及寿命差;对比例6中M1为0,抗还原性差,高温负荷寿命性能差。
对比例7、9中c/p或c/(y+p)值过小,复合结晶性氧化物尺度小,导致耐热冲击性差。
对比例8、10中c/p或c/(y+p)值过大,二次粒子尺度大,二次粒子长度/介质层厚度值过大,使得TCC及高温负荷寿命性能差。
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式,但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制,其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化,均应为等效的置换方式,都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (9)
1.一种电介质材料,其特征在于,是由包括主成分和第一副成分的制备原料制得,所述主成分包括100摩尔份(SrxBayCa1-x-y)6(TizZr1-z)2(NbpTa1-p)8O30,所述第一副成分包括cSiO2,所述c为0.2~6摩尔份,所述x、y、z、p表示摩尔比,0≤x≤1,0.1≤y≤0.8,0≤z≤1,0.2≤p≤0.75;所述c与p的比值为1~8,所述c与(y+p)的比值为0.44~3.87。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电介质材料,其特征在于,所述y的取值为0.2≤y≤0.6,所述p的取值为0.3≤p≤0.6。
3.根据权利要求1所述的电介质材料,其特征在于,所述c与p的比值为2~5,所述c与(y+p)的比值为0.78~2.5。
4.根据权利要求1所述的电介质材料,其特征在于,所述第一副成分还包括0.1~6摩尔份MgO和0.1~5摩尔份M1,所述M1包括Mn、V、Cr、Fe、W、Mo、Ni、Zn中至少一种元素的化合物。
5.根据权利要求1所述的电介质材料,其特征在于,所述电介质材料还包括第二副成分,该第二副成分为0.1~10摩尔份稀土的氧化物,所述稀土的氧化物包括La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Y、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb、Lu、Sc中至少一种元素的氧化物。
6.权利要求1~4任一项所述的电介质材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
按摩尔比,将金属化合物球磨破碎混合,进行第一阶段煅烧,得主成分(SrxBayCa1-x-y)6(TizZr1-z)2(NbpTa1-p)8O30,将主成分与第一副成分和可选的第二副成分混合,进行第二阶段煅烧,得电介质材料;
所述金属化合物包括Sr、Ba、Ca、Ti、Zr、Nb、Ta的氧化物和/或复合氧化物、碳酸盐化合物;
所述第二副成分为0.1~10摩尔份稀土的氧化物,所述稀土的氧化物包括La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Y、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb、Lu、Sc中至少一种元素的氧化物。
7.根据权利要求6所述的电介质材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述第一阶段煅烧的温度为1000~1400℃;所述第一阶段煅烧的时间为1~4h;
所述第二阶段煅烧的温度为800~1200℃;所述第二阶段煅烧的时间为1~4h。
8.一种陶瓷电容器,其特征在于:包括权利要求1~5任一项所述的电介质材料。
9.权利要求8所述的陶瓷电容器的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
S1.将电介质材料与助剂混合,球磨混合成型加工,得陶瓷生片;
S2.在陶瓷生片上印刷导电性膏,得表面形成导电膜的陶瓷生片;
S3.将S2的表面形成导电膜的陶瓷生片进行层叠,再以S1的陶瓷生片进行压接,热处理,还原性气氛下烧结,得陶瓷烧结体;
S4.在陶瓷烧结体表面涂敷导电性膏烧结,得外部电极;
S5.在外部电极表面形成第一镀覆膜,在所述第一镀覆膜的表面形成第二镀覆膜,得陶瓷电容器。
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