CN116808102A - 一种用于抗应激的发酵制剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开一种用于抗应激的发酵制剂及其制备方法,以重量份计,其组成成分为:大豆4‑6份、益生菌4‑6份、牛磺酸5‑7份、维生素C5‑10份、黄芪8‑10份、甘草4‑6份、薄荷3‑5份、刺五加6‑8份、陈皮4‑6份、当归6‑8份、葡萄糖10‑15份。本申请采用豆浆与益生菌协同发酵的方法对中药进行发酵,不仅可以激发豆浆的活性,还提高发酵中药的效果,从而增强机体的免疫力,达到更好的抗应激效果,减少疾病的发生。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中药发酵领域,具体涉及一种用于抗应激的发酵制剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
在日常的饲养过程中,畜禽难免会受外界环境的影响产生应激反应,有些应激是一过性的,有些是致病的,有些甚至是致命的,可以说畜禽发生的大部分疫病都直接或间接由各种应激引起,虽然应激是机体的非特异性反应,但是不同的应激在不同的饲养阶段往往会引发不同的疾病。
畜禽在应激状态下,生产性能会明显下降,抵抗力、免疫力显著下降,许多疾病随之发生。应激使畜禽体内的蛋白质、糖原和脂肪分解加强,导致能量大量消耗。应激使肾上腺皮质激素分泌增加,导致胃液分泌增加,同时使蛋白质合成受到抑制,从而影响胃肠道上皮细胞的再生和更新,胃肠黏膜坏死现象加重,消化系统的屏障功能下降。如果应激反应持续过久则会导致循环衰竭,使机体的重要器官受到损害,甚至导致畜禽死亡。
牛磺酸,是动物体内肝脏合成胆酸的一种成分,饲料中添加牛磺酸,可以促进胆汁的排泄。同时低浓度的牛磺酸还可以促进肠道对锌的吸收,保护细胞膜的稳定性。
维生素C,可以提高动物的免疫力和抗病力,增强免疫效果,对抗各种应激,促进骨骼发育,提高繁殖率,还可以改善蛋壳质量等等优点,对改善动物的健康状况、提高生产性能有很好的作用。
黄芪,补气升阳,固表止汗,利水消肿,托毒排脓,敛疮生肌。用于肺脾气虚,中气下陷,表虚自汗,气虚水肿,疮痈难溃,久溃不敛。黄芪对核酸代谢有促进的作用;可以增强造血功能;改善心肌功能;具有抗氧化、抗病毒、抗癌、改善肾功能和肾组织病变等。水煎剂具调节免疫和抗应激作用。
甘草,补脾益气,祛痰止咳,和中缓急,解毒,调和诸药,缓解药物毒性、烈性。用于脾胃虚弱,倦怠乏力,咳喘,咽喉肿痛,中毒,疮疡。在饲料中添加甘草,可以提高动物的生产性能,提高日增重和料肉比;能激活免疫细胞,提高机体的免疫功能。 甘草能抑制肠道中有害菌的生长和促进有益菌繁殖,从而改善肠道健康;还具有抗氧化、抗应激等多方面的功能。
薄荷,疏风散热,清利头目,利咽,透疹。主治外感风热,咽喉肿痛,目赤,风疹。
刺五加,归脾、肾、心经。益气健脾,补肾安神。用于脾肾气虚,四肢乏力,腰膝酸痛,躁动不安。
陈皮,为健脾理气,燥湿化痰药。主要用于理气健脾、燥湿化痰型虚证。
当归,补血养血,活血止痛,润燥通便。用于血虚劳伤,血瘀疼痛,跌打损伤,痈肿疮疡,肠燥便秘,胎产诸病。当归可以增强机体的免疫功能,当归中的多糖既可以激活巨噬细胞、淋巴细胞等免疫细胞,还可以增加抗体的形成,从而提高免疫机能。同时当归多糖还具有抗凝血和抗贫血的作用。
大豆,含有蛋白质、脂肪和碳水化合物以及胡萝卜素、维生素B1、维生素B2、烟酸等,还含有大豆低聚糖、异黄酮、皂甙、核酸等对人类健康极为珍贵的保健因子。
中药发酵可增强药物的药理作用,改善药物的生物利用度,提高中药药效,产生新药效,节省药源,并可以保护中药活性成分免遭破坏。
本申请采用豆浆与益生菌协同发酵的方法对中药进行发酵,不仅可以激发豆浆的活性,还提高发酵中药的效果,从而增强机体的免疫力,达到更好的抗应激效果,减少疾病的发生。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种用于抗应激的发酵制剂。
本发明的目的之二在于提供上述制剂的制备方法。
本发明的第三目的在于提供了上述制剂在制备预防或治疗蛋鸡、肉鸡因高温天气所致的热应激药物中的应用。
本发明的第四目的在于提供了上述制剂对鸡抗热应激的效果。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种用于抗应激的发酵制剂,以重量份计,其组成成分为:大豆4-6份、益生菌4-6份、牛磺酸5-7份、维生素C5-10份、黄芪8-10份、甘草4-6份、薄荷3-5份、刺五加6-8份、陈皮4-6份、当归6-8份、葡萄糖10-15份。
上述益生菌为乳酸杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、丁酸梭菌和地衣芽孢杆菌中的任意两种;乳酸杆菌的活菌数≧100亿CFU/g,丁酸梭菌的活菌数≧100亿CFU/g,枯草芽孢杆菌的活菌数≧1000亿CFU/g,地衣芽孢杆菌的活菌数≧1000亿CFU/g。
上述用于用于抗应激的发酵制剂的制备方法,过程如下:
(1)将大豆用纯化水在30±2℃浸泡6-8小时,用磨浆机磨至豆渣手感细腻无颗粒为止,浆渣分离,备用;
(2)把磨好的浆用蒸气煮至65±5℃,加入浆质量的0.1wt%~0.5wt%的食用消泡剂直至产生的气泡完全消失,然后继续加热把浆煮至沸腾,并保持3-5分钟,放凉备用;
(3)取黄芪、甘草、薄荷、刺五加、陈皮、当归洗净、干燥、粉碎过筛,灭菌,备用;
(4)取葡萄糖、益生菌加入步骤(2)所得物中,混合均匀;
(5)将步骤(1)中的豆渣与步骤(3)中药混合均匀;
(6)将步骤(4)所得的混合料加入步骤(5)所得混合料中,拌匀,置于发酵罐中,在36℃±2℃恒温发酵70~80个小时,取出低温干燥后,加入维生素C、牛磺酸,混匀即得本发明产品。
进一步地,步骤(1)中,大豆和纯化水的质量比为1:10~20。
进一步地,步骤(2)中,食用消泡剂为DSA-5消泡剂。
进一步地,步骤(3)中过筛是指过50~100目筛,灭菌是指在120~130℃灭菌25~35min。
进一步地,步骤(6)中,低温干燥的温度为45±2℃。
本发明饲料添加剂的使用方法:混饲,每500g拌料200kg,可连续使用。
上述用于抗应激的发酵制剂在制备预防或治疗蛋鸡、肉鸡因高温天气所致的热应激药物中的应用。
本发明具有的优点和有益效果:(1)本发明的使用工艺简单,适合投入生产;(2)本发明因为运用豆浆及益生菌共同作用的发酵技术,增强了产品效果,提高了生物利用度;(3)本发明产品可能有效提高机体的免疫力、抗病力,从而加强畜禽的抗应激能力;(4)本发明混合物进入机体后容易被吸收,且临床给药方便,适合群体给药,节省人力物力。
具体实施方式
以下通过实施对本发明做进一步的说明,但本发明的保护范围不限于此。下述各实施例中,乳酸杆菌的活菌数≧100亿CFU/g,丁酸梭菌的活菌数≧100亿CFU/g,枯草芽孢杆菌的活菌数≧1000亿CFU/g,地衣芽孢杆菌的活菌数≧1000亿CFU/g。
实施例1.一种用于抗应激的发酵制剂
其组成成分及其重量份为:大豆4份、乳酸杆菌3份、枯草芽孢杆菌3份、牛磺酸5份、维生素C10份、黄芪8份、甘草6份、薄荷3份、刺五加8份、陈皮4份、当归8份、葡萄糖10份。
制备过程如下:
(1)将大豆用纯化水在30±2℃浸泡6小时,用磨浆机磨至豆渣手感细腻无颗粒为止,浆渣分离,备用,大豆和纯化水的质量比为1:15;
(2)把磨好的浆用蒸气煮至65±5℃,加入浆质量的0.3%的 DSA-5消泡剂直至产生的气泡完全消失,然后继续加热把浆煮至沸腾,并保持3-5分钟,放凉备用;
(3)取黄芪、甘草、薄荷、刺五加、陈皮、当归洗净、干燥、粉碎过80目筛,经过121℃灭菌30分钟,放凉,备用;
(4)取葡萄糖、乳酸杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌加入步骤(2)所得物中,混合均匀;
(5)将步骤(1)中的豆渣与步骤(3)中药混合均匀;
(6)将步骤(4)的混合料加入步骤(5)的混合料中,拌匀,置于发酵罐中,在36℃±2℃恒温发酵72个小时,取出45±2℃低温干燥后,加入维生素C、牛磺酸,混匀即得本发明产品。
本发明饲料添加剂的使用方法:混饲,每500g拌料200kg,可连续使用。
实施例2.一种用于抗应激的发酵制剂
其组成成分及其重量份为:大豆6份、丁酸梭菌2份、地衣芽孢杆菌3份、牛磺酸7份、维生素C5份、黄芪10份、甘草4份、薄荷5份、刺五加6份、陈皮6份、当归6份、葡萄糖15份。
制备过程如下:
(1)将大豆用纯化水在30±2℃浸泡8小时,用磨浆机磨至豆渣手感细腻无颗粒为止,浆渣分离,备用,大豆和纯化水的质量比为1:15;
(2)把磨好的浆用蒸气煮至65±5℃,加入浆质量的0.3%的 DSA-5消泡剂直至产生的气泡完全消失,然后继续加热把浆煮至沸腾,并保持3-5分钟,放凉备用;
(3)取黄芪、甘草、薄荷、刺五加、陈皮、当归洗净、干燥、粉碎过80目筛,经过121℃灭菌30分钟,放凉,备用;
(4)取葡萄糖、丁酸梭菌、地衣芽孢杆菌加入步骤(2)所得物中,混合均匀;
(5)将步骤(1)中的豆渣与步骤(3)中药混合均匀;
(6)将步骤(4)的混合料加入步骤(5)的混合料中,拌匀,置于发酵罐中,在36℃±2℃恒温发酵72个小时,取出45±2℃低温干燥后,加入维生素C、牛磺酸,混匀即得本发明产品。
本发明饲料添加剂的使用方法:混饲,每500g拌料200kg,可连续使用。
实施例3.一种用于抗应激的发酵制剂
其组成成分及其重量份为:大豆5份、乳酸杆菌3份、丁酸梭菌2份、牛磺酸6份、维生素C8份、黄芪9份、甘草5份、薄荷4份、刺五加7份、陈皮5份、当归7份、葡萄糖12份。
制备过程如下:
(1)将大豆用纯化水在30±2℃浸泡7小时,用磨浆机磨至豆渣手感细腻无颗粒为止,浆渣分离,备用,大豆和纯化水的质量比为1:15;
(2)把磨好的浆用蒸气煮至65±5℃,加入浆质量的0.3%的 DSA-5消泡剂直至产生的气泡完全消失,然后继续加热把浆煮至沸腾,并保持3-5分钟,放凉备用;
(3)取黄芪、甘草、薄荷、刺五加、陈皮、当归洗净、干燥、粉碎过80目筛,经过121℃灭菌30分钟,放凉,备用;
(4)取葡萄糖、乳酸杆菌、丁酸梭菌加入步骤(2)所得物中,混合均匀;
(5)将步骤(1)中的豆渣与步骤(3)中药混合均匀;
(6)将步骤(4)的混合料加入步骤(5)的混合料中,拌匀,置于发酵罐中,在36℃±2℃恒温发酵72个小时,取出45±2℃低温干燥后,加入维生素C、牛磺酸,混匀即得本发明产品。
本发明饲料添加剂的使用方法:混饲,每500g拌料200kg,可连续使用。
对照例1.大豆非浆发酵
其组成成分及其重量份为:大豆5份、乳酸杆菌3份、丁酸梭菌2份、牛磺酸6份、维生素C8份、黄芪9份、甘草5份、薄荷4份、刺五加7份、陈皮5份、当归7份、葡萄糖12份。
制备过程如下:
(1)取大豆、黄芪、甘草、薄荷、刺五加、陈皮、当归洗净、干燥、粉碎过80目筛,经过121℃灭菌30分钟,放凉,备用;
(2)取葡萄糖、乳酸杆菌、丁酸梭菌加入步骤(2)所得物中,混合均匀;
(3)取步骤(2)的混合料,加入步骤(1)的混合料中,拌匀,置于发酵罐中,在36℃±2℃恒温发酵72个小时,取出45±2℃低温干燥后,加入维生素C、牛磺酸,混匀即得本发明产品。
本发明复方制剂对热应激蛋鸡生产性能的影响
按照如下方法进行:
(一)药物与试剂
试验药物:实施例1、2、3所制备的复方制剂;
对照药物:对照例1所制备的复方制剂
空白对照
(二)试验方法
(1)试验设计:选取500只同一品种蛋鸡作为试验动物,随机分为5个组,每组100只,其中3个试验组、1个对照组、1个空白对照组。
试验组和对照组饲养于试验鸡舍中,试验鸡舍白天平均温度33.1℃,夜间平均26.9℃,相对湿度45%-65%,饲喂基础日粮,自由采食。
空白对照组蛋鸡 全天饲养于装有空调的恒温动物房内,饲喂基础日粮,自由采食。
试验组1、2、3饲喂实施例1、2、3制备的制剂,混饲,每500g拌料200kg,连用10天。
对照组1饲喂对照例1制备的制剂,混饲,每500g拌料200kg,连用10天。
空白对照组:不添加任何药物。
观察记录项目有:产蛋率、平均蛋重、料蛋比、耗料量、死淘鸡数。
(2)结果与分析
表1蛋鸡生产性能情况
从表1可见,试验组的平均产蛋率93.7%,较对照组和空白对照组分别提高3.8%和1.8%,差异显著;料蛋比,试验组平均1.86,较对照组降低0.09,差异显著;死淘鸡数,试验组平均3.7羽,较对照组和空白对照组分别减少8.3羽和2.3羽。
从表1可以看出,试验组1、2、3产蛋率、蛋均重均比对照组明显提高,料蛋比比对照组明显降低,说明本发明制剂中大豆采用豆浆发酵可以改善发酵中药的效果,影响本制剂的疗效。同时说明在高热情况下试验组能很好的消除动物的应激障碍,不影响正常生长速度。
本发明复方制剂对热应激蛋鸡血清免疫及抗氧化指标测定的影响
于上述试验结束后,每组随机挑选30只接近平均体重蛋鸡,心脏采血,3000 r/min离心10min制备血清,置于-20℃冰箱保存备用。采用试剂盒测定体液免疫球蛋白(IgM)、鸡分泌型免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、鸡免疫球蛋白G(IgG),按照试剂盒操作说明书进行测定。
表2鸡血清免疫指标比较
从表2可以看出,试验组1、2、3体液免疫球蛋白(IgM)、鸡分泌型免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、鸡免疫球蛋白G(IgG)均比对照组和空白对照组有明显提高,说明本发明制剂中大豆采用豆浆发酵可以改善发酵中药的效果,影响本制剂的疗效。
试验结果表明,在热应激条件下,日粮添加本发明制剂可以很好的提高蛋鸡的机体免疫功能,增强机体对抗应激的能力。
最后应当说明的是:上述实施例仅用于说明本发明具体实施的技术方案而非对其进行限制,所属技术领域的普通技术人员应该理解,在不违背本发明宗旨的前提下,未改变其性能或用途对本发明的实施方式进行的任何等同替代或明显变型,均应涵盖在本发明请求保护的范围之内。
Claims (6)
1.一种用于抗应激的发酵制剂,其特征在于,以重量份计,其组成成分为:大豆4-6份、益生菌4-6份、牛磺酸5-7份、维生素C5-10份、黄芪8-10份、甘草4-6份、薄荷3-5份、刺五加6-8份、陈皮4-6份、当归6-8份、葡萄糖10-15份。
2.根据权利要求1所述用于抗应激的发酵制剂,其特征在于,所述益生菌为乳酸杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、丁酸梭菌和地衣芽孢杆菌中的任意两种。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述用于抗应激的发酵制剂的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤如下:
(1)将大豆用纯化水在30±2℃浸泡6-8小时,用磨浆机磨至豆渣手感细腻无颗粒为止,浆渣分离,备用;
(2)把磨好的浆用蒸气煮至65±5℃,加入浆质量的0.1wt%~0.5wt%的食用消泡剂直至产生的气泡完全消失,然后继续加热把浆煮至沸腾,并保持3-5分钟,放凉备用;
(3)取黄芪、甘草、薄荷、刺五加、陈皮、当归洗净、干燥、粉碎过筛,灭菌,备用;
(4)取葡萄糖、益生菌加入步骤(2)所得物中,混合均匀;
(5)将步骤(1)中的豆渣与步骤(3)中药混合均匀;
(6)将步骤(4)所得的混合料加入步骤(5)所得混合料中,拌匀,置于发酵罐中,在36℃±2℃恒温发酵70~80个小时,取出低温干燥后,加入维生素C、牛磺酸,混匀即得本发明产品。
4.根据权利要求3所述用于抗应激的发酵制剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)中,大豆和纯化水的质量比为1:10~20。
5.根据权利要求3所述用于抗应激的发酵制剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(6)中,低温干燥时的温度为45±2℃。
6.权利要求1或2所述用于抗应激的发酵制剂在制备预防或治疗蛋鸡、肉鸡因高温天气所致的热应激药物中的应用。
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