CN116789471A - Plant ferment, preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Plant ferment, preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116789471A CN116789471A CN202310752762.6A CN202310752762A CN116789471A CN 116789471 A CN116789471 A CN 116789471A CN 202310752762 A CN202310752762 A CN 202310752762A CN 116789471 A CN116789471 A CN 116789471A
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- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological fermentation, and particularly relates to a plant enzyme, a preparation method and application thereof. The invention provides a plant ferment, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 20-25 parts of vegetable tail melon and fruit residual waste, 6-8 parts of brown sugar and 70-75 parts of water. The vegetable tail melon fruit residual waste is used as a nitrogen source, the brown sugar is used as a carbon source, natural fermentation is carried out on the vegetable tail melon fruit residual waste and the brown sugar serving as raw materials under the action of saccharomycetes, actinomycetes, bacteria and other bacterial groups, so that the plant ferment is obtained, and the efficient utilization of the waste is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological fermentation, and particularly relates to a plant enzyme, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The problems of excessive use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides and antibiotics are increasingly serious in the development of modern agriculture and aquaculture, the treatment of livestock and poultry manure is improper, the agricultural non-point source pollution is serious, the problem of soil hardening occurs, the ecological environment is destroyed, and the quality of agricultural products and the survival safety of human beings are not ensured. If the planting area of melons, fruits and vegetables in the Ningxia six-disc mountain cool region is large, waste melons, fruits, vegetables and tails in the producing region are not reasonably used, so that resource waste and environmental pollution are caused, meanwhile, the manure of the mountain area cultivation industry cannot be treated in time, and a large amount of manure odor pollutes the environment of villages and towns. How to convert the reasonable utilization of the vegetable tail, melon and fruit residue, the dirty manure and the like of the organic waste into the agricultural green investment, solves the important environmental protection problem, realizes the efficient utilization of the waste, and reduces the environmental pollution, which is a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a plant ferment which is prepared from vegetable tail melon fruit residual waste, so that the efficient utilization of the waste is realized.
The invention provides a plant ferment, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 20-25 parts of vegetable tail melon and fruit residual waste, 6-8 parts of brown sugar and 70-75 parts of water.
Preferably, the vegetable tail melon residue comprises a cold vegetable tail melon residue comprising one or more of watermelon, melon, cabbage, tomato, apricot, carrot, cucumber, apple, pear, celery, cabbage, cucumber and canola.
Preferably, the plant ferment comprises beneficial bacteria, major elements, trace elements, amino acids and organic acids;
the beneficial bacteria comprise one or more of yeast, actinomycetes and bacteria;
the macroelements include one or more of potassium, phosphorus, calcium and magnesium;
the microelements comprise one or more of zinc, iron, manganese and copper;
the amino acids include one or more of proline, aspartic acid, alanine, glutamic acid, and serine.
Preferably, the concentration of macroelements in the plant ferment is: 1100-1200 mg/L of potassium, 30-32 mg/L of phosphorus, 14.5-15.5 mg/L of calcium and 10.5-11.5 mg/L of magnesium;
the concentration of trace elements in the plant ferment is as follows: 2.2 to 2.4mg/L of zinc, 0.4 to 0.5mg/L of iron, 0.10 to 0.15mg/L of manganese and 0.008 to 0.012mg/L of copper;
the concentration of amino acid in the plant ferment is as follows: 220-240 mg/100g of proline, 60-80 mg/100g of aspartic acid, 25-33 mg/100g of alanine, 20-28 mg/100g of glutamic acid and 12-16 mg/100g of serine.
The invention provides a preparation method of the plant ferment, which comprises the following steps:
and mixing the vegetable tail melon and fruit residual waste, brown sugar and water, and performing anaerobic fermentation to obtain the plant ferment.
Preferably, the anaerobic fermentation is carried out at a temperature of not less than 3 ℃.
Preferably, the anaerobic fermentation is carried out for 90-110 days.
The invention provides the application of the plant ferment or the plant ferment obtained by the preparation method in shortening the composting time of organic compost materials or deodorizing the livestock and poultry houses.
The invention provides a composting method, which comprises the steps of mixing plant ferment obtained by the technical scheme or the plant ferment obtained by the preparation method with organic composting materials to obtain a mixed material, and composting the mixed material.
Preferably, the plant enzyme comprises a plant enzyme stock solution; the mass volume ratio of the spraying plant ferment stock solution to the organic compost material is 1kg when the composting is started: 3-5 m 3 Turning over the compost in the composting process.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a plant ferment, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 20-25 parts of vegetable tail melon and fruit residual waste, 6-8 parts of brown sugar and 70-75 parts of water. The vegetable tail melon fruit residual waste is used as a nitrogen source, the brown sugar is used as a carbon source, and the natural fermentation of the vegetable tail melon fruit residual waste and the brown sugar is realized under the action of microbial microzyme, actinomycetes, bacteria and other bacterial groups naturally existing in the raw materials, so that the plant ferment is obtained, and the efficient utilization of the waste is realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of plant ferment preparation.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a plant ferment, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 20-25 parts of vegetable tail melon and fruit residual waste, 6-8 parts of brown sugar and 70-75 parts of water.
In the invention, the plant ferment comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 20-25 parts of vegetable tail melon fruit residual waste, 6-8 parts of brown sugar and 70-75 parts of water, and more preferably 21.5 parts of vegetable tail melon fruit residual waste, 7 parts of brown sugar and 71.5 parts of water.
In the invention, the vegetable tail melon fruits preferably comprise cold vegetable tail melon fruit residues; the cold vegetable tail melon fruit residue preferably comprises one or more of watermelon, muskmelon, cabbage, tomato, apricot, carrot, cucumber, apple, pear, celery, cabbage, cucumber and rape, more preferably watermelon, muskmelon, cabbage, tomato, apricot, carrot, cucumber, apple and pear. When the plant enzyme stock solution is prepared by using the mixture of the watermelon, the muskmelon, the cabbage, the tomato, the apricot, the carrot, the cucumber, the apple and the pear, the mass ratio of the watermelon, the muskmelon, the cabbage, the tomato, the apricot, the carrot, the cucumber, the apple and the pear is not required.
The vegetable tail melon and fruit residual waste material is preferably crushed before anaerobic fermentation. The grain size of the crushed vegetable tail vegetable residual melon and fruit waste is smaller than 0.3cm. The invention is not particularly limited to the pulverizing parameters, and conventional methods are adopted. The type of the vegetable tail melon and fruit residual waste is not particularly limited, and the vegetable tail melon and fruit residual waste is only waste vegetables and fruits. In the embodiment of the invention, the vegetable tail vegetable melon and fruit residual waste is preferably a cold vegetable production area in Ningxia regions, the cold vegetable planted in Ningxia regions has large area, the technical scheme of the invention can realize the on-site high-efficiency utilization of a large amount of vegetable tail vegetable waste in Ningxia underdeveloped regions, the propagation of soil diseases and insect pests and the environmental pollution are reduced, and meanwhile, the produced ferment is transported in a near-field manner on site and is applied to a large number of farmers for sewage and excrement treatment, so that the cost and the efficiency are reduced, and the invention has great significance for environmental protection.
In the present invention, the plant enzyme preferably includes a plant enzyme stock solution. In the invention, the components of the plant ferment stock solution preferably comprise beneficial bacteria, major elements, trace elements, amino acids and organic acids;
the beneficial bacteria comprise one or more of yeast, actinomycetes and bacteria;
the macroelements include one or more of potassium, phosphorus, calcium and magnesium;
the microelements comprise one or more of zinc, iron, manganese and copper;
the amino acids include one or more of proline, aspartic acid, alanine, glutamic acid, and serine.
The beneficial bacteria of the present invention preferably comprise one or more of yeasts, actinomycetes and bacteria, more preferably comprise yeasts, actinomycetes and bacteria.
In the present invention, the macroelement preferably includes one or more of potassium, phosphorus, calcium and magnesium, more preferably includes potassium, phosphorus, calcium and magnesium. The concentration of macroelements in the plant ferment of the invention is preferably 1100-1200 mg/L potassium, 30-32 mg/L phosphorus, 14.5-15.5 mg/L calcium and 10.5-11.5 mg/L magnesium, more preferably 1106.3mg/L potassium, 31.3mg/L phosphorus, 15.0mg/L calcium and 11.3mg/L magnesium.
In the present invention, the trace elements include one or more of zinc, iron, manganese and copper, more preferably zinc, iron, manganese and copper. The concentration of trace elements in the plant ferment is preferably 2.2-2.4 mg/L of zinc, 0.4-0.5 mg/L of iron, 0.10-0.15 mg/L of manganese and 0.008-0.012 mg/L of copper, more preferably 2.33mg/L of zinc, 0.44mg/L of iron, 0.12mg/L of manganese and 0.01mg/L of copper.
In the present invention, the amino acid preferably includes one or more of proline, aspartic acid, alanine, glutamic acid and serine, more preferably proline, aspartic acid, alanine, glutamic acid and serine. The concentration of proline in the plant ferment of the invention is preferably 220-240 mg/100g, more preferably 225mg/100g. The concentration of aspartic acid in the plant enzyme of the present invention is preferably 60 to 80mg/100g, more preferably 70mg/100g. The alanine concentration in the plant enzyme of the present invention is preferably 25 to 33mg/100g, more preferably 29mg/100g. The glutamic acid concentration in the plant enzyme of the present invention is preferably 20 to 28mg/100g, more preferably 24mg/100g. The serine concentration in the plant enzyme of the present invention is preferably 12 to 16mg/100g, more preferably 13mg/100g.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the plant ferment contains the following components in the following concentrations: potassium 1106.3mg/L, phosphorus 31.3mg/L, calcium 15.0mg/L, magnesium 11.3mg/L, zinc 2.33mg/L, iron 0.44mg/L, manganese 0.12mg/L, copper 0.01mg/L, proline 225mg/100g, aspartic acid 70mg/100g, alanine 29mg/100g, glutamic acid 24mg/100g and serine 13mg/100g.
The pH value of the plant ferment stock solution prepared by the method is less than or equal to 4.5; TDS (total dissolved solids) is not less than 1100mg/L.
The invention provides a preparation method of the plant ferment, which comprises the following steps:
and mixing the vegetable tail melon and fruit residual waste, brown sugar and water, and performing anaerobic fermentation to obtain the plant ferment. The plant enzyme of the invention preferably comprises a plant enzyme stock solution.
The temperature of the anaerobic fermentation according to the invention is preferably not less than 3 ℃.
In the present invention, the anaerobic fermentation time is 90 to 110 days, more preferably 100 days.
The plant ferment aerobic microorganism prepared by the invention has high ratio, mainly contains floras such as saccharomycetes, actinomycetes, bacteria and the like, and has wide application temperature range. The preparation method of the plant ferment provided by the invention is simple and convenient, the microbial agent is not required to be additionally added during the preparation of the plant ferment, the production cost is low, the ferment preparation process is not affected by climate, and the problems of poor colonization capability of the natural environment of microbial strains, high use cost and the like can be solved.
The plant ferment provided by the invention can be used for establishing a beneficial functional microbial flora suitable for local fermentation in Ningxia Liujinshan areas. The plant ferment is applied without adding other microbial agents, so that the organic material composting effect is good, and the livestock and poultry housing has good deodorizing effect.
The invention provides the application of the plant ferment or the plant ferment obtained by the preparation method in shortening the composting time of organic compost materials or deodorizing the livestock and poultry houses. The plant ferment prepared by the invention is preferably applied to preparation of decomposed organic matters.
The invention provides a composting method, which comprises the steps of mixing plant ferment obtained by the technical scheme or the plant ferment obtained by the preparation method with organic composting materials to obtain a mixed material, and composting the mixed material.
The organic compost material of the invention preferably comprises livestock and poultry manure waste or a mixed material of the livestock and poultry manure waste and planting straw waste, and more preferably comprises the livestock and poultry manure waste and the planting straw waste. The livestock manure preferably comprises one or more of cow manure, sheep manure, pig manure and chicken manure. The straw of the invention comprises one or more of corn straw, wheat straw, rice straw and weed straw. The straw of the present invention is preferably crushed prior to composting. The mass ratio of the livestock and poultry manure waste to the crop straw waste is preferably 4:2.
According to the invention, the plant ferment is mixed with the organic composting material to obtain a mixed material, the mixed material is composted, and more preferably, the plant ferment stock solution is mixed with the organic composting material to obtain the mixed material, and the mixed material is composted.
The plant ferment stock solution is preferably diluted before composting. The diluted solvent of the present invention is preferably water. The volume ratio of the plant ferment stock solution to the water in the dilution is preferably 1: (80-110), more preferably 1:100. The mixing according to the invention is preferably spraying.
In the invention, the diluted plant ferment stock solution is preferably mixed with the organic compost material to obtain a mixed material. The carbon-nitrogen ratio of the mixture according to the invention is preferably 20:1 to 30:1, more preferably 25:1.
And composting the mixed material after the mixed material is obtained. In the composting process, the diluted plant ferment is preferably sprayed for the first time, and then composting is carried out, wherein the sediment generated in the preparation process of the plant ferment accounts for 5-10% of the total mass, and can be directly mixed into composting materials. The invention has no special requirement on the parameters of the pile body, and the conventional parameters are adopted. Turning is preferably performed in the composting process of the invention.
In the composting process, the plant ferment stock solution is preferably sprayed at the beginning of composting. The mass volume ratio of the plant ferment stock solution to the organic compost material is preferably 1kg: 3-5 m 3 More preferably 1kg:4m 3 . When the plant ferment stock solution is sprayed, water is preferably used for dilution to obtain a ferment stock solution dilution, and then spraying is carried out, wherein the dilution multiple is preferably 1:100. the water content of the organic compost material after the diluted plant ferment stock solution is mixed and sprayed with the organic compost material is preferably 40-65%, more preferably 60%.
The composting period according to the invention is preferably 40d.
In the prior art, the decomposition period of the microbial agent or ferment is 60 days, and the decomposition period of the plant ferment provided by the invention is obviously shortened. The invention utilizes the waste fruit and vegetable leaves to ferment through a simple process to produce the plant ferment. The plant ferment is rich in probiotics, macroelements, microelements, organic acid and the like. The plant ferment provided by the invention can be used in the whole process of organic fertilizer production, and can promote the rapid decomposition, deodorization and biological nitrogen retention of organic materials. Accelerate the composting process, reduce the composting period and improve the composting degree. The plant ferment provided by the invention contains most aerobic microorganisms, mainly contains floras such as saccharomycetes, actinomycetes and bacteria, has wide application temperature range, and has rapid temperature rise in the early stage of use, and amylase, protease and lipase mainly decompose materials (compost raw materials), so that the environmental colonisation capability of the ferment is improved, and the decomposition is promoted. In the prior art, other microbial agents or enzymes are generally decomposed for about 60 days, and the decomposition period of the enzymes is shortened to about 40 days.
The preparation method can fully prepare the plant ferment raw materials, can be applied to the treatment of livestock and poultry waste such as cattle, sheep and chicken on site, reduces the transportation cost, effectively solves the problem of forming benign recycling economy by a large amount of livestock and sheep waste generated by the development of local animal husbandry, increases income, reduces cost and increases efficiency. The plant ferment disclosed by the invention is used for treating the waste manure, so that the waste resource can be reasonably utilized, the key core problem of resource conversion efficiency is improved, the composting period is shortened, and the quality of the organic fertilizer is improved.
The plant ferment prepared by the invention is also preferably applied to deodorizing the housing of livestock and poultry. The plant ferment is preferably diluted and then sprayed on the livestock and poultry housing to realize deodorization. The volume ratio of the plant ferment in the process of applying the plant ferment to the deodorization of the livestock and poultry houses and the dilution of water is preferably 1: (50 to 70), more preferably 1:60.
The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples for further illustrating the present invention, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1 preparation of plant enzymes
1. Raw materials: the plant ferment is prepared from the following raw materials: 21.5kg of cold vegetable tail melon fruit residual waste, 7kg of brown sugar and 71.5kg of water. The residual waste of the cold vegetable tail melon and fruit is a mixture of watermelon, muskmelon, cabbage, tomato, apricot, carrot, cucumber, apple and pear, and the mass ratio of the watermelon, muskmelon, cabbage, tomato, apricot, carrot, cucumber, apple and pear is not required.
2. Preparation method of plant ferment
(1) Cutting the residual waste of the cold vegetables, the tails, the vegetables and the tails before preparing plant ferment, wherein the grain size of the residual waste of the cold vegetables, the tails and the tails after cutting is smaller than 0.3cm.
(2) The chopped cold vegetable tail melon and fruit residual waste is mixed with brown sugar and water according to the mass, and then added into a fermentation tank device for anaerobic fermentation, and a fermentation tank switch is screwed. The fermentation tank is placed at a shade and dry place to prevent direct sunlight, and the fermentation temperature is not lower than 3 ℃. Anaerobic fermentation does not require additional temperature management.
(3) The anaerobic fermentation time is 100d, after the fermentation is completed, a switch of the fermentation tank is turned on, and the anaerobic fermentation is successful when the anaerobic fermentation is smelled to be sour, and the anaerobic fermentation failure is indicated when the anaerobic fermentation is smelled to be odorous when the air bubbles emerge from the fermented product.
(4) And (3) obtaining an anaerobic fermentation product which is enzyme. And (3) simply filtering and barreling the upper liquid of the ferment, 5-25 kg/barrel, and placing the ferment in a cold place for storage, wherein the storage temperature is not lower than 3 ℃. The upper liquid of the ferment is plant ferment stock solution. The sediment of the ferment can also be directly spread to organic material compost.
The preparation flow of the plant ferment is shown in the figure 1.
The contents of potassium, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, zinc, manganese, iron and copper in the plant enzyme stock solution prepared in example 1 were measured by an atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS method), and the amino acid content of the plant enzyme stock solution prepared in example 1 was measured by an LC-MS method, and the detection results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 content of plant enzyme stock solution
| Composition of the components | Potassium | Phosphorus (P) | Calcium | Magnesium (Mg) | Zinc alloy | Manganese (Mn) | Iron (Fe) |
| Plant ferment | 1106.3mg/L | 31.3mg/L | 15.0mg/L | 11.3mg/L | 2.33mg/L | 0.12mg/L | 0.44mg/L |
| Composition of the components | Copper (Cu) | Proline (proline) | Aspartic acid | Alanine (Ala) | Serine (serine) | Glutamic acid | |
| Plant ferment | 0.01mg/L | 225mg/100g | 70mg/100g | 29mg/100g | 13mg/100g | 24mg/100g |
As can be seen from table 1, the plant ferment of the present invention comprises the following components: 1106.3mg/L of potassium, 31.3mg/L of phosphorus, 15.0mg/L of calcium, 11.3mg/L of magnesium, 2.33mg/L of zinc, 0.44mg/L of iron, 0.12mg/L of manganese, 0.01mg/L of copper, 225mg/100g of proline, 70mg/100g of aspartic acid, 29mg/100g of alanine, 24mg/100g of glutamic acid and 13mg/100g of serine, and the amino acid content in plant ferment is high.
The pH value of the plant ferment stock solution is less than or equal to 4.5; TDS (total dissolved solids) is not less than 1100mg/L.
The plant ferment aerobic microorganisms provided by the invention are mostly composed of floras such as saccharomycetes, actinomycetes, bacteria and the like, have wide adaptive temperature range, and are fast in heating up in the early stage after use, and amylase, protease and lipase are mainly used for decomposing materials (compost raw materials), so that the environment colonization capability of ferment is improved, and the decomposition is promoted.
Example 2
(1) Organic compost materials. Composting by taking cow dung, chicken dung and crushed straw as organic composting materials, wherein the mass ratio of the cow dung to the chicken dung to the crushed straw is 3:1:2.
(2) And (5) composting. The plant ferment stock solution prepared in example 1 is diluted and then mixed with organic compost material, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the mixed material is 25:1. The mass ratio of the plant ferment stock solution to the water is 1:100 when in dilution, and the water is clear water with the temperature of 20-40 ℃. The diluted plant ferment is sprayed in the organic compost material for the first time to obtain a compost mixture, and the water content of the compost mixture is 40-65%.
After the compost mixture is obtained, a pile is prepared, and the obtained plant ferment stock solution in the embodiment 1 is uniformly scattered on the pile before the start of composting, wherein the mass volume ratio of the plant ferment stock solution to the organic compost material is 1kg: 3-5 m 3 Fermentation composting is started. In the fermentation composting process, three positions far away from the same compost pile body are selected, the temperature of the center of the compost pile body is measured, pile temperature data are recorded every day, when the pile temperature is more than 55 ℃ continuously for 2d, one pile turning is carried out, or when the temperature is more than 50 ℃ continuously for 3 days, one pile turning is carried out, or when the temperature is more than 40-50 ℃ continuously for 5 days, one pile turning is carried out, and the pile turning is generally carried out for 4-5 times until the fermentation composting is successful, so that the decomposed organic fertilizer is obtained. The fermentation period was 40d. When the temperature of the center of the compost heap is continuously 7d below 40 ℃, the start of ageing can be considered, and the next batch of compost can be started after the place is left out.
When the organic compost material is mixed with the plant ferment stock solution and fermented for composting, the organic compost material should be under a hard cement ground or a simple rain shelter paved by a mulching film and cannot be sprayed by wind and rain.
The organic compost material is fermented by plant ferment for 40 days to achieve decomposition, and the decomposed organic fertilizer is obtained. The decomposed organic fertilizer meets the total metal content standard of national organic fertilizer standard nutrient total metal content standard, and the total metal content of the decomposed organic fertilizer does not exceed the limit standard.
The prepared decomposed organic fertilizer is measured by visual nose and smell: the appearance characteristics are that the color is black, the smell of ammonia smell is smelled, and the stacking volume is collapsed and becomes small after the smell is cooked. The remaining parameters are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 parametric analysis of decomposed organic fertilizers
The industrial standard NY/T525-2021 of the national Ministry of agriculture of organic fertilizer specifies that the mass fraction (calculated on a drying basis) of organic matters in the organic fertilizer is more than or equal to 30 percent, and the total nutrient (N+P) 2 O 5 +K 2 The mass fraction (calculated on a drying basis) of the O) is more than or equal to 4.0 percent, the Germination Index (GI) of the seeds is more than or equal to 70 percent, the Germination Index (GI) of the seeds of the decomposed organic fertilizer prepared by the invention is more than or equal to 76 percent, and the total nutrient (N+P) 2 O 5 +K 2 The mass fraction (based on the drying basis) of the O) is more than or equal to 4.8 percent, and the mass fraction (based on the drying basis) of the organic matters is more than or equal to 40 percent, which are higher than the content in NY/T525-2021. Therefore, the decomposed organic fertilizer prepared by the method disclosed by the invention reaches the national organic fertilizer standard, and the limit index of the organic fertilizer also reaches the national organic fertilizer standard, so that the organic fertilizer can be directly returned to the field in bulk. The waste manure is directly returned to the field and is provided with a large amount of damages such as weed seeds, worm eggs and bad bacteria, and after the plant ferment is used for decomposing, the weed seeds, worm eggs and bad bacteria are eliminated, so that the diseases, the insect pests and the grass are greatly reduced. After the fertilizer is used, the soil organic matters are directly increased, the soil fertility is improved, the soil nutrients are enriched, the soil aggregate structure is improved, the soil hardening and the soil fertility level reduction caused by the large amount of fertilizers are reduced, and the purpose of green ecological environmental protection for continuous use of the soil is achieved.
Example 3
The plant ferment stock solution prepared in the embodiment 1 can be sprayed for deodorization in the housing of livestock and poultry. The main components of malodorous compounds in the livestock and poultry manure are ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, skatole, volatile fatty acid, indole and the like. Before spraying plant ferment, ammonia NH in the atmosphere environment in the livestock and poultry housing 3 (0.18mg/m 3 ) Hydrogen sulfide H 2 S(0.08mg/m 3 ) Odor concentration (33.14), the plant ferment stock solution and water are used according to the volume ratio of 1:60, and spraying after mixing. The spray head is lowered when spraying, the distance from the polluted surface is 10 cm to 20cm, the full spraying is carried out, and after the spraying of plant ferment, ammonia NH in the livestock and poultry housing is carried out 3 (0.04mg/m 3 ) Hydrogen sulfide H 2 S(0.01mg/m 3 ) The odor concentration (6.23) and the removal rate respectively reach 77.78%, 87.5% and 81.20%. The effects of removing the odor of the excrement and purifying the environment are achieved, and the effect is obvious.
In conclusion, the plant ferment and the method for preparing the plant ferment by mixing the plant ferment with livestock and poultry manure waste such as cattle, sheep and pigs and planting straw waste are in accordance with the policy of efficient utilization of waste advocated by China. The cold vegetables and livestock breeding dominant industry is developed in the six-dish mountain area, a large amount of waste vegetable stems and leaves and livestock manure waste resources are fully utilized in situ, the cost and the efficiency are obviously reduced, the excrement and odor brought by the breeding industry are purified to diffuse village life, and the important environmental protection problem is solved.
Although the foregoing embodiments have been described in some, but not all, embodiments of the invention, it should be understood that other embodiments may be devised in accordance with the present embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The plant ferment is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by mass: 20-25 parts of vegetable tail melon and fruit residual waste, 6-8 parts of brown sugar and 70-75 parts of water.
2. The plant enzyme of claim 1, wherein the vegetable tail melon fruit residue comprises a cold vegetable tail melon fruit residue; the cold vegetable tail melon and fruit residue comprises one or more of watermelon, muskmelon, cabbage, tomato, apricot, carrot, cucumber, apple, pear, celery, cabbage, cucumber and rape.
3. The plant enzyme according to claim 1, wherein the plant enzyme comprises a component selected from the group consisting of beneficial bacteria, macroelements, microelements, amino acids and organic acids;
the beneficial bacteria comprise one or more of yeast, actinomycetes and bacteria;
the macroelements include one or more of potassium, phosphorus, calcium and magnesium;
the microelements comprise one or more of zinc, iron, manganese and copper;
the amino acids include one or more of proline, aspartic acid, alanine, glutamic acid, and serine.
4. The plant enzyme of claim 3, wherein the macroelements in the plant enzyme are present in a concentration of: 1100-1200 mg/L of potassium, 30-32 mg/L of phosphorus, 14.5-15.5 mg/L of calcium and 10.5-11.5 mg/L of magnesium;
the concentration of trace elements in the plant ferment is as follows: 2.2 to 2.4mg/L of zinc, 0.4 to 0.5mg/L of iron, 0.10 to 0.15mg/L of manganese and 0.008 to 0.012mg/L of copper;
the concentration of amino acid in the plant ferment is as follows: 220-240 mg/100g of proline, 60-80 mg/100g of aspartic acid, 25-33 mg/100g of alanine, 20-28 mg/100g of glutamic acid and 12-16 mg/100g of serine.
5. The method for preparing the plant ferment according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising the following steps:
and mixing the vegetable tail melon and fruit residual waste, brown sugar and water, and performing anaerobic fermentation to obtain the plant ferment.
6. The process according to claim 5, wherein the anaerobic fermentation is carried out at a temperature of not less than 3 ℃.
7. The process according to claim 5, wherein the anaerobic fermentation is carried out for a period of 90 to 110 days.
8. Use of a plant enzyme according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or obtained by a preparation method according to any one of claims 5 to 7 for shortening composting time of organic compost materials and/or deodorizing of livestock houses.
9. A composting method characterized in that the plant ferment according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or the plant ferment obtained by the preparation method according to any one of claims 5 to 7 is mixed with an organic composting material to obtain a mixed material, and the mixed material is composted.
10. The composting method of claim 9, wherein the plant ferment comprises a plant ferment stock solution; the mass volume ratio of the spraying plant ferment stock solution to the organic compost material is 1kg when the composting is started: 3-5 m 3 Turning over the compost in the composting process.
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| CN115584332A (en) * | 2022-10-11 | 2023-01-10 | 贵州万益康微生物科技有限公司 | Method for preparing indigenous probiotic planting enzyme |
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| CN106748544A (en) * | 2017-02-13 | 2017-05-31 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院蔬菜研究所 | A kind of method that countryside wastes make ferment organic fertilizer |
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