CN116768895A - 一种手性多环吲哚化合物的合成方法 - Google Patents

一种手性多环吲哚化合物的合成方法 Download PDF

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CN116768895A
CN116768895A CN202210237339.8A CN202210237339A CN116768895A CN 116768895 A CN116768895 A CN 116768895A CN 202210237339 A CN202210237339 A CN 202210237339A CN 116768895 A CN116768895 A CN 116768895A
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李鑫
黄秋红
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Nankai University
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Nankai University
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种手性多环吲哚化合物的合成方法,是在反应溶剂中,以含烯烃的吲哚衍生物和NBS为反应原料,以手性磷酸为催化剂,反应得到一系列手性多环吲哚化合物。本发明反应条件温和,原料易得价廉,反应操作简单,产率较高,为很多天然产物和药物的合成提供关键的骨架结构,可以广泛适用于工业化规模生产。

Description

一种手性多环吲哚化合物的合成方法
技术领域
本发明具体涉及一种制备手性多环吲哚化合物的合成方法,属于有机化合物工艺应用技术领域。
背景技术
手性多环吲哚化合物是一类非常重要医药化工中间体,存在于许多药物和生物活性分子,具有非常高的应用价值。如下所示:
合成手性多环吲哚化合物的传统方法主要是通过使用金属催化的吲哚衍生物与其它底物的反应来制备。但是,由于吲哚衍生物底物的适应性不够广泛,重金属的使用会对环境造成严重污染,使此方法的应用受到制约。
发明内容
本发明克服现有技术的以上缺陷,首次创新地提出了一种绿色环保,简单高效制备手性多环吲哚化合物的新方法,通过使用手性磷酸为催化剂,可以高效地实现反应的转化。如以上式(I)所示,本发明利用以含烯烃的吲哚衍生物和NBS为反应原料,以手性磷酸为催化剂,在反应溶剂中进行反应,合成手性多环吲哚化合物。
本发明中,R是烷基或芳香基或取代的芳环和杂环、各类侧链。
本发明中,所述起始含烯烃的吲哚衍生物和NBS的用量比例为1:1-1:5。优选地,两者用量比例为1:1.2。
本发明中,所述催化剂是手性磷酸;所述催化剂的用量为1-100%。所述催化剂的用量为原料吲哚衍生物的1-100mol%。优选地,所述催化剂用量为1mol%。
本发明中,所述反应溶剂是二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷、四氢呋喃、甲醇、1,2-二氯乙烷、乙腈、甲苯、1,4-二氧六环。所述反应溶剂包括但不局限于以上,还可以是乙醚、乙酸乙酯、三氟甲苯、二甲苯类化合物或苯甲醚。
本发明中,所述合成反应是在0-80℃温度下进行。优选地,是在25℃温度下进行反应。
具体地,本发明合成反应是在反应瓶A中,将含烯烃的吲哚衍生物(底物1,X mmol)和NBS(底物2a,Y mmol)溶解在Z mL反应溶剂中,室温下,加入手性磷酸(W mmol)。反应在0-80℃下反应48个小时。用TLC检测反应进程。反应完毕后,直接加硅胶,旋干柱层析,分离得到目标产物3。
本发明合成反应的优点包括:本发明合成方法所使用的各原料非常简单,均为工业化商品,简单易得,来源广泛,并且性能非常稳定,不需要特殊保存条件。本发明所用的各种催化剂也都是常用的商品化试剂,非常稳定。合成手性多环吲哚化合物的传统的方法一般是使用金属催化的吲哚衍生物与其它底物的反应来实现。但是,由于吲哚衍生物的适应性不够广泛,重金属的使用会对环境造成严重污染,对工业化生产造成很大的限制。本发明以简单易得的吲哚衍生物和NBS为反应原料,在手性磷酸作用下,反应得到手性多环吲哚化合物。反应操作比较简单,反应条件温和,产率较高,适合大规模工业化生产。本发明合成的手性多环吲哚化合物是很多天然产物和活性药物分子的核心骨架,本发明创新设计的反应路线为合成这类化合物提供了一个广泛适用的制备方法。
具体实施方式
结合以下具体实施例,对本发明作进一步的详细说明,本发明的保护内容不局限于以下实施例。在不背离发明构思的精神和范围下,本领域技术人员能够想到的变化和优点都被包括在本发明中,并且以所附的权利要求书为保护范围。实施本发明的过程、条件、试剂、实验方法等,除以下专门提及的内容之外,均为本领域的普遍知识和公知常识,本发明没有特别限制内容。以下实施例所给出的数据包括具体操作和反应条件及产物。产物的收率通过分离纯化得到,对映选择性通过液相确定,非对映选择性均通过核磁共振确定。
实施例1
在25mL的试管反应器中,用氮气交换空气3次。将底物1a(0.1mmol,41.0mg),底物2a(0.12mmol,21.4mg),CPA(0.001mmol,0.8mg)依次称入反应管,抽空换氮气,并在氮气氛围下加入三氟甲苯(0.6mL),在室温下反应48小时。TCL检测反应结束后,直接加硅胶,旋干柱层析,得到白色固体3a(51%)。1H NMR(400MHz,Chloroform-d)δ8.05-7.99(m,5H), 7.86(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),7.77(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.58(t,J=7.4Hz,3H),7.48(dt,J=21.7,7.5Hz, 3H),7.35(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.10(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),6.58(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),3.69-3.58(m,2H), 3.14(tdd,J=10.9,7.7,3.3Hz,1H),2.60-2.47(m,2H).13C NMR(101MHz,Chloroform-d)δ 174.7,155.2,154.8,148.7,147.5,139.4,136.7,135.6,132.4,130.7,129.9,129.3,129.0,128.7, 128.3,128.0,127.4,127.3,126.8,125.7,123.5,123.2,123.0,74.4,50.0,37.5,30.7.HRMS(ESI) calculated for[C30H22BrN2]+:490.4240,found:490.4237.[α]D 20=-19.1(c=0.5,CHCl3).HPLC separation(Chiralpak AD-H,i-PrOH/hexane=1/3,1.0mL/min,210nm;tr(major)=13.2min,tr (minor)=18.9min,96:4e.r.).
实施例2
在25mL的试管反应器中,用氮气交换空气3次。将底物1b(0.1mmol,42.4mg),底物2a(0.12mmol,21.4mg),CPA(0.001mmol,0.8mg)依次称入反应管,抽空换氮气,并在氮气氛围下加入三氟甲苯(0.6mL),在室温下反应48小时。TCL检测反应结束后,直接加硅胶,旋干柱层析,得到白色固体3b(60%)。1H NMR(400MHz,Chloroform-d)δ8.09-8.03(m, 3H),7.95(dd,J=23.6,8.5Hz,3H),7.83(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.63(t,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.50(t,J=7.3Hz,2H),7.41(dd,J=17.3,7.8Hz,3H),7.14(t,J=7.7Hz,1H),6.61(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),3.74-3.66(m,2H),3.23-3.16(m,1H),2.65-2.51(m,5H).13C NMR(101MHz,Chloroform-d)δ174.8,155.2,154.8,148.7,147.4,139.3,136.7,136.5,135.5,132.3,130.6,129.9,129.4,129.0, 128.9,128.3,128.0,127.3,126.7,125.6,123.3,123.2,123.0,74.4,50.0,37.6,30.7,21.5.HRMS (ESI)calculated for[C31H24BrN2]+:504.4510,found:504.4508.[α]D 20=-21.8(c=0.5,CHCl3). HPLC separation(Chiralpak IC,4.6 x 250mm;i-PrOH/hexane=1/4,1.0mL/min,210nm;tr (major)=9.0min,tr(minor)=11.1min,97.5:2.5e.r.).
实施例3
在25mL的试管反应器中,用氮气交换空气3次。将底物1c(0.1mmol,44.0mg),底物2a(0.12mmol,21.4mg),CPA(0.001mmol,0.8mg)依次称入反应管,抽空换氮气,并在氮气氛围下加入三氟甲苯(0.6mL),在室温下反应48小时。TCL检测反应结束后,直接加硅胶,旋干柱层析,得到白色固体3c(51%)。1H NMR(400MHz,Chloroform-d)δ8.02-7.98(m,5H), 7.84(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),7.76(d,J=7.7Hz,1H),7.58(t,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.47-7.42(m,2H),7.35(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.09(d,J=8.7Hz,3H),6.56(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),3.89(s,3H),3.69-3.57(m, 2H),3.17-3.09(m,1H),2.60-2.47(m,2H).13C NMR(101MHz,Chloroform-d)δ174.8,160.6, 154.8,148.6,147.4,136.7,135.2,132.2,131.9,130.5,130.4,129.9,129.0,128.4,128.0,127.3, 127.2,126.7,125.6,123.2,123.1,123.0,114.1,74.4,55.5,50.0,37.8,30.7.HRMS(ESI)calculated for[C31H24BrN2O]+:520.4500,found:520.4498.[α]D 20=-32.3(c=0.5,CHCl3).HPLC separation (Chiralpak IC,4.6 x 250mm;i-PrOH/hexane=1/3,1.0mL/min,210nm;tr(minor)=6.2,tr (major)=7.9min,98.5:1.5 e.r.).
实施例4
在25mL的试管反应器中,用氮气交换空气3次。将底物1d(0.1mmol,42.8mg),底物2a(0.12mmol,21.4mg),CPA(0.001mmol,0.8mg)依次称入反应管,抽空换氮气,并在氮气氛围下加入三氟甲苯(0.6mL),在室温下反应48小时。TCL检测反应结束后,直接加硅胶,旋干柱层析,得到白色固体3d(65%)。1H NMR(400MHz,Chloroform-d)δ8.12(s,1H),8.02 (dd,J=12.1,8.4Hz,2H),7.90(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),7.80(d,J=7.7Hz,1H),7.74(d,J=6.9Hz,1H),7.59-7.55(m,2H),7.52-7.44(m,3H),7.37-7.32(m,2H),7.14(t,J=7.3Hz,1H),6.60(d,J= 8.4Hz,1H),3.52-3.45(m,1H),3.34-3.18(m,2H),2.59-2.42(m,2H).13C NMR(101MHz, Chloroform-d)δ174.5,154.2(d,J=121.7Hz),148.7,147.8,141.1,136.5,135.4,134.8,132.5, 130.9,130.0(d,J=5.1Hz),129.3,129.1,128.9,128.2,128.0,127.6,127.4,127.1,126.9,125.8, 123.8,123.1(d,J=11.6Hz),74.3,50.1,37.3,30.5.19F NMR(376MHz,Chloroform-d)δ-110.2. HRMS(ESI)calculated for[C30H21BrFN2]+:508.4144,found:508.4152.[α]D 20=-27.3(c=0.5, CHCl3).HPLC separation(ChiralpakIC,4.6 x 250mm;i-PrOH/hexane=1/9,1.0mL/min,210 nm;tr(minor)=5.9,tr(major)=7.8min,98:2 e.r.).
实施例5
在25mL的试管反应器中,用氮气交换空气3次。将底物1e(0.1mmol,44.4mg),底物2a(0.12mmol,21.4mg),CPA(0.001mmol,0.8mg)依次称入反应管,抽空换氮气,并在氮气氛围下加入三氟甲苯(0.6mL),在室温下反应48小时。TCL检测反应结束后,直接加硅胶,旋干柱层析,得到白色固体3e(57%)。1H NMR(400MHz,Chloroform-d)δ8.06-7.99(m,4H),7.90-7.87(m,2H),7.79(d,J=7.7Hz,1H),7.60(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.49(td,J=14.5,13.3,7.1Hz, 4H),7.36(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.12-7.09(m,1H),6.58(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),3.68-3.57(m,2H),3.16 (tdd,J=10.8,7.6,3.3Hz,1H),2.61-2.47(m,2H).13C NMR(101MHz,Chloroform-d)δ174.7, 154.1,148.6,146.4,138.7,137.5,136.6,132.9,132.5,131.1,130.8,130.4,129.9,129.9,128.8, 128.3,128.1,127.6,127.5,126.8,125.9,124.2,123.2,123.0,74.4,49.5,35.7,30.6.HRMS(ESI) calculated for[C30H21BrClN2]+:524.8660,found:524.8657.[α]D 20=-29.6(c=0.5,CHCl3).HPLC separation(ChiralpakIC,4.6 x 250mm;i-PrOH/hexane=1/9,1.0mL/min,210nm;tr(minor)= 12.4min,tr(major)=15.4min,97:3 e.r.).
实施例6
在25mL的试管反应器中,用氮气交换空气3次。将底物1f(0.1mmol,48.8mg),底物2a(0.12mmol,21.4mg),CPA(0.001mmol,0.8mg)依次称入反应管,抽空换氮气,并在氮气氛围下加入三氟甲苯(0.6mL),在室温下反应48小时。TCL检测反应结束后,直接加硅胶,旋干柱层析,得到白色固体3f(67%)。1H NMR(400MHz,Chloroform-d)δ8.05-8.03(m,3H), 7.93(dd,J=20.9,8.7Hz,3H),7.81(d,J=7.7Hz,1H),7.74(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.63(t,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.52-7.48(m,2H),7.39(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.14(t,J=7.0Hz,1H),6.61(d,J=8.3Hz, 1H),3.70-3.59(m,2H),3.21-3.13(m,1H),2.64-2.50(m,2H).13C NMR(101MHz,Chloroform-d) δ174.5,154.8,153.8,148.7,147.8,138.2,136.6,135.3,132.4,131.9,130.9,130.6,130.0,128.9, 128.2,128.0,127.5,127.3,126.8,125.8,123.8,123.7,123.2,123.1,74.3,50.0,37.5,30.6.HRMS (ESI)calculated for[C30H21Br2N2]+:569.3200,found:569.3202.[α]D 20=-33.4(c=0.5,CHCl3). HPLC separation(ChiralpakIC,4.6 x 250mm;i-PrOH/hexane=1/9,1.0mL/min,210nm;tr (minor)=12.3min,tr(major)=15.3min,98:2 e.r.).
实施例7
在25mL的试管反应器中,用氮气交换空气3次。将底物1g(0.1mmol,42.4mg),底物2a(0.12mmol,21.4mg),CPA(0.001mmol,0.8mg)依次称入反应管,抽空换氮气,并在氮气氛围下加入三氟甲苯(0.6mL),在室温下反应48小时。TCL检测反应结束后,直接加硅胶,旋干柱层析,得到白色固体3g(67%)。1H NMR(400MHz,Chloroform-d)δ8.14-8.06(m,2H),7.98-7.77(m,6H),7.63(d,J=1.7Hz,1H),7.55-7.50(m,2H),7.38(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.16(t,J= 7.7Hz,1H),6.57(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),3.74-3.60(m,2H),3.24-3.16(m,1H),2.64-2.58(m,5H).13C NMR(101MHz,Chloroform-d)δ175.2,155.5,153.7,148.7,146.5,139.1,138.9,138.6,135.9, 135.6,133.2,132.4,130.7,130.2,129.6,129.1,128.6,128.2,127.5,126.5,126.4,126.1,125.7, 124.2,123.3,121.5,74.7,50.1,37.5,30.1,21.7.HRMS(ESI)calculated for[C31H24BrN2]+: 504.4510,found:504.4508.[α]D 20=-25.6(c=0.5,CHCl3).HPLC separation(Chiralpak IC,4.6 x 250mm;i-PrOH/hexane=1/9,1.0mL/min,210nm;tr(major)=17.1min,tr(minor)=24.9min, 97:3 e.r.).
实施例8
在25mL的试管反应器中,用氮气交换空气3次。将底物1h(0.1mmol,44.0mg),底物2a(0.12mmol,21.4mg),CPA(0.001mmol,0.8mg)依次称入反应管,抽空换氮气,并在氮气氛围下加入三氟甲苯(0.6mL),在室温下反应48小时。TCL检测反应结束后,直接加硅胶,旋干柱层析,得到白色固体3h(61%)。1H NMR(400MHz,Chloroform-d)δ8.05-7.98(m, 3H),7.86(d,J=8.9Hz,1H),7.77(d,J=7.7Hz,1H),7.61-7.55(m,3H),7.50-7.43(m,3H),7.35 (t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.12-7.04(m,2H),6.57(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),3.94(s,3H),3.64(qd,J=15.5,9.0 Hz,2H),3.13(tdd,J=10.7,7.2,3.2Hz,1H),2.60-2.46(m,2H).13C NMR(101MHz,Chloroform-d)δ174.7,160.0,155.0,154.8,148.6,147.5,140.7,136.7,135.6,132.4,130.7,129.9, 129.7,129.0,128.3,128.0,127.4,127.3,126.8,125.7,123.6,123.2,123.0,121.5,114.9,114.6, 74.4,55.5,50.0,37.6,30.6.HRMS(ESI)calculated for[C31H24BrN2O]+:520.4500,found: 520.4500.[α]D 20=-36.4(c=0.5,CHCl3).HPLCseparation(Chiralpak AD-H,4.6 x 250mm; i-PrOH/hexane=1/4,1.0mL/min,210nm;tr(minor)=6.9min,tr(major)=8.3min,99:1 e.r.).
实施例9
在25mL的试管反应器中,用氮气交换空气3次。将底物1i(0.1mmol,42.8mg),底物2a(0.12mmol,21.4mg),CPA(0.001mmol,0.8mg)依次称入反应管,抽空换氮气,并在氮气氛围下加入三氟甲苯(0.6mL),在室温下反应48小时。TCL检测反应结束后,直接加硅胶,旋干柱层析,得到白色固体3i(58%)。1H NMR(400MHz,Chloroform-d)δ8.05-8.00(m,2H), 7.89(dd,J=11.1,8.8Hz,2H),7.83-7.73(m,4H),7.59-7.48(m,3H),7.24-7.20(m,2H),7.13(t,J =7.5Hz,1H),6.52(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),3.64(qd,J=15.5,9.1Hz,2H),3.17(dtt,J=10.9,7.1,3.9 Hz,1H),2.61-2.52(m,2H).13C NMR(101MHz,Chloroform-d)δ175.0,164.3,161.9,153.7, 147.8(d,J=189.8Hz),141.3,138.8,135.3,133.2,132.5,131.0,130.3(d,J=8.2Hz),128.9, 128.2,128.1,127.7,126.5,126.4,125.8,124.7(d,J=2.9Hz),124.3,123.7,121.6,116.3(d,J= 21.0Hz),116.0(d,J=22.3Hz),74.6,50.1,37.4,30.0.19F NMR(376MHz,Chloroform-d)δ -112.2.HRMS(ESI)calculated for[C30H21BrFN2]+:508.4144,found:508.4142.[α]D 20=-36.8(c=0.5,CHCl3).HPLC separation(Chiralpak IC,4.6 x250mm;i-PrOH/hexane=1/9,1.0mL/min, 210nm;tr(minor)=8.9min,tr(major)=15.2min,98:2 e.r.).
实施例10
在25mL的试管反应器中,用氮气交换空气3次。将底物1j(0.1mmol,44.4mg),底物2a(0.12mmol,21.4mg),CPA(0.001mmol,0.8mg)依次称入反应管,抽空换氮气,并在氮气氛围下加入三氟甲苯(0.6mL),在室温下反应48小时。TCL检测反应结束后,直接加硅胶,旋干柱层析,得到白色固体3j(57%)。1H NMR(400MHz,Chloroform-d)δ8.02-7.97(m,5H), 7.87(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),7.78(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),7.61-7.54(m,3H),7.46(dd,J=9.6,7.3Hz,2H),7.35(t,J=7.3Hz,1H),7.10(t,J=7.1Hz,1H),6.57(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),3.66-3.55(m,2H),3.14 (tdd,J=11.0,9.0,3.2Hz,1H),2.60-2.46(m,2H).13C NMR(101MHz,Chloroform-d)δ174.5, 154.8,153.8,148.7,147.8,137.7,136.6,135.5,135.3,132.4,130.9,130.3,130.0,129.0,128.9, 128.2,128.0,127.5,127.3,126.8,125.8,123.6,123.2,123.1,74.3,50.0,37.5,30.6.HRMS(ESI) calculated for[C30H21BrClN2]+:524.8660,found:524.8658.[α]D 20=-28.6(c=0.5,CHCl3).HPLC separation(Chiralpak IC,4.6 x 250mm;i-PrOH/hexane=1/15,1.0mL/min,210nm;tr(major)= 12.3min,tr(minor)=17.8min,95:5 e.r.).
实施例11
在25mL的试管反应器中,用氮气交换空气3次。将底物1k(0.1mmol,48.8mg),底物2a(0.12mmol,21.4mg),CPA(0.001mmol,0.8mg)依次称入反应管,抽空换氮气,并在氮气氛围下加入三氟甲苯(0.6mL),在室温下反应48小时。TCL检测反应结束后,直接加硅胶,旋干柱层析,得到白色固体3k(70%)。1H NMR(400MHz,Chloroform-d)δ8.22(s,1H), 8.03-7.99(m,3H),7.90(t,J=9.4Hz,2H),7.79(d,J=7.7Hz,1H),7.65-7.58(m,2H),7.46(dt,J =12.5,7.7Hz,3H),7.36(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.11(t,J=7.7Hz,1H),6.58(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),3.67-3.56(m,2H),3.15(tdd,J=10.8,7.6,3.2Hz,1H),2.61-2.47(m,2H).13C NMR(101MHz,Chloroform-d)δ174.5,154.8,153.5,148.7,147.8,141.4,136.5,135.4,132.5,132.2,132.0,130.9, 130.2,130.0,128.9,128.2,128.0,127.6,127.6,127.4,126.9,125.8,123.8,123.2,123.1,123.0, 74.3,50.1,37.3,30.5.HRMS(ESI)calculated for[C30H21Br2N2]+:569.3200,found:569.3203. [α]D 20=-21.5(c=0.5,CHCl3).HPLCseparation(Chiralpak IC,4.6 x 250mm;i-PrOH/hexane=1 /9,1.0mL/min,210nm;tr(major)=9.7min,tr(minor)=13.7min,95:5 e.r.).
实施例12
在25mL的试管反应器中,用氮气交换空气3次。将底物1l(0.1mmol,42.4mg),底物2a(0.12mmol,21.4mg),CPA(0.001mmol,0.8mg)依次称入反应管,抽空换氮气,并在氮气氛围下加入三氟甲苯(0.6mL),在室温下反应48小时。TCL检测反应结束后,直接加硅胶,旋干柱层析,得到白色固体3l(51%)。1H NMR(400MHz,Chloroform-d)δ8.15(s,1H),8.09 (d,J=9.0Hz,1H),7.96-7.86(m,3H),7.76(dd,J=8.3,1.8Hz,1H),7.56-7.52(m,2H),7.47-7.41 (m,5H),7.19(t,J=7.7Hz,1H),6.59(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),3.39(dd,J=12.2,7.9Hz,1H), 3.32-3.25(m,2H),2.63-2.50(m,2H),2.44(s,3H).13C NMR(101MHz,Chloroform-d)δ175.2, 156.9,153.6,148.7,145.5,138.9,138.9,136.9,136.0,133.2,132.5,130.9,130.8,129.1,129.0, 129.0,128.2,128.2,127.5,126.4,126.3,126.2,125.8,124.2,123.5,121.6,74.8,49.6,36.2,30.1, 19.9.HRMS(ESI)calculated for[C31H24BrN2]+:504.4510,found:504.4509.[α]D 20=-37.4(c= 0.5,CHCl3).HPLC separation(ChiralpakIC,4.6 x 250mm;i-PrOH/hexane=1/9,1.0mL/min, 210nm;tr(minor)=7.5min,tr(major)=8.6min,95.5:4.5 e.r.).
实施例13
在25mL的试管反应器中,用氮气交换空气3次。将底物1m(0.1mmol,44.0mg),底物2a(0.12mmol,21.4mg),CPA(0.001mmol,0.8mg)依次称入反应管,抽空换氮气,并在氮气氛围下加入三氟甲苯(0.6mL),在室温下反应48小时。TCL检测反应结束后,直接加硅胶,旋干柱层析,得到白色固体3m(59%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.31(s,1H), 8.09-7.92(m,4H),7.77(d,J=7.3Hz,1H),7.70-7.63(m,3H),7.55(q,J=7.4,7.0Hz,2H),7.40(t, J=7.4Hz,1H),7.17-7.14(m,1H),7.04(t,J=7.5Hz,1H),6.52(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),3.91-3.85(m, 4H),3.46(d,J=7.0Hz,1H),3.35-3.29(m,1H),2.62(t,J=10.2Hz,1H),1.40-1.20(m,1H).13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ175.6,159.8,155.3,154.8,148.1,148.1,140.8,137.0(d,J=5.9Hz), 132.4,130.9,130.2,130.1,129.2,128.6,128.2,127.9,127.5,126.9,125.7,124.5,123.4,122.7, 121.9,115.1,74.3,55.8,49.1,37.5,32.1.HRMS(ESI)calculatedfor[C31H24BrN2O]+:520.4500, found:520.4503.[α]D 20=-51.8(c=0.5,CHCl3).HPLCseparation(Chiralpak IC,4.6 x 250mm; 25%i-PrOH/hexane=1/3,1.0mL/min,210nm;tr(major)=6.6min,tr(minor)=7.1min,99:1 e.r.).
实施例14
在25mL的试管反应器中,用氮气交换空气3次。将底物1n(0.1mmol,42.8mg),底物2a(0.12mmol,21.4mg),CPA(0.001mmol,0.8mg)依次称入反应管,抽空换氮气,并在氮气氛围下加入三氟甲苯(0.6mL),在室温下反应48小时。TCL检测反应结束后,直接加硅胶,旋干柱层析,得到白色固体3n(51%)。1H NMR(400MHz,Chloroform-d)δ8.09-8.07(m, 2H),8.04-7.99(m,2H),7.92(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),7.83(d,J=7.7Hz,1H),7.64-7.60(m,1H),7.57-7.37(m,5H),7.31(d,J=9.7Hz,1H),7.17(ddd,J=8.4,7.0,1.4Hz,1H),6.64(d,J=8.3Hz, 1H),3.58(ddd,J=15.7,11.4,2.9Hz,1H),3.44(dd,J=15.8,6.9Hz,1H),3.21(tdd,J=10.8,6.9, 3.2Hz,1H),2.62(dd,J=10.0,3.3Hz,1H),2.52(dd,J=11.3,10.0Hz,1H).13C NMR(101MHz, Chloroform-d)δ174.5,161.6,159.1,154.7,149.8(d,J=223.8Hz),146.7,137.7,136.5,132.4, 131.7(d,J=3.2Hz),131.2(d,J=8.5Hz),130.7,129.9,128.9,128.3,128.0,127.5,127.4,126.9, 125.8,124.9(d,J=3.3Hz),123.9,123.3,122.9,116.0(d,J=22.1Hz),74.4,49.6,36.0,30.7.19F NMR(376MHz,Chloroform-d)δ-115.2.HRMS(ESI)calculated for[C30H21BrFN2]+:508.4144, found:508.4142.[α]D 20=-28.4(c=0.5,CHCl3).HPLC separation(Chiralpak IC,4.6 x 250mm; i-PrOH/hexane=1/9,1.0mL/min,210nm;tr(minor)=8.4min,tr(major)=11.0min,98.5:1.5 e.r.).
实施例15
在25mL的试管反应器中,用氮气交换空气3次。将底物1o(0.1mmol,44.4mg),底物2a(0.12mmol,21.4mg),CPA(0.001mmol,0.8mg)依次称入反应管,抽空换氮气,并在氮气氛围下加入三氟甲苯(0.6mL),在室温下反应48小时。TCL检测反应结束后,直接加硅胶,旋干柱层析,得到白色固体3o(63%)。1H NMR(400MHz,Chloroform-d)δ8.02(ddd,J= 10.2,8.4,5.8Hz,5H),7.88(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),7.79(d,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.59(td,J=7.6,1.3Hz,1H),7.49-7.44(m,2H),7.37-7.34(m,1H),7.29-7.24(m,2H),7.12-7.08(m,1H),6.57(d,J=8.3 Hz,1H),3.67-3.56(m,2H),3.19-3.11(m,1H),2.61-2.47(m,2H).13C NMR(101MHz,Chloroform-d)δ174.6,164.8,162.3,154.8,154.0,148.7,147.7,136.6,135.5,135.3,132.4,130.9, 130.9,130.8,130.0,128.9,128.0,127.5,127.3,126.8,125.8,123.5,123.2,123.1,115.9,115.7, 74.4,50.0,37.5,30.6.HRMS(ESI)calculated for[C30H21BrClN2]+:524.8660,found:524.8657. [α]D 20=-41.4(c=0.5,CHCl3).HPLCseparation(Chiralpak IC,4.6 x 250mm;i-PrOH/hexane=1 /25,1.0mL/min,210nm;tr(major)=12.2min,tr(minor)=15.5min,96:4 e.r.).
实施例16
在25mL的试管反应器中,用氮气交换空气3次。将底物1p(0.1mmol,48.8mg),底物2a(0.12mmol,21.4mg),CPA(0.001mmol,0.8mg)依次称入反应管,抽空换氮气,并在氮气氛围下加入三氟甲苯(0.6mL),在室温下反应48小时。TCL检测反应结束后,直接加硅胶,旋干柱层析,得到白色固体3p(66%)。1H NMR(400MHz,Chloroform-d)δ8.11(s,1H),8.01(dd, J=15.7,8.4Hz,2H),7.90(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),7.75(td,J=22.3,21.6,7.5Hz,3H),7.59-7.46(m, 3H),7.40-7.30(m,3H),7.14(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),6.61(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),3.48(t,J=13.1Hz,1H), 3.33-3.19(m,2H),2.59-2.42(m,2H).13C NMR(101MHz,Chloroform-d)δ174.6,155.5,154.6, 148.5,146.5,140.7,137.3,136.7,133.0,132.5,130.9,130.8,130.5,129.9,128.8,128.3,128.1, 127.6,127.5,126.8,125.9,124.3,123.3,123.0,122.6,74.5,49.4,35.8,30.7.HRMS(ESI) calculated for[C30H21Br2N2]+:569.3200,found:569.3201.[α]D 20=-37.2(c=0.5,CHCl3).HPLC separation(Chiralpak IC,4.6 x250mm;i-PrOH/hexane=1/9,1.0mL/min,210nm;tr(minor)= 9.7min,tr(major)=11.4min,98:2 e.r.).
实施例17
在25mL的试管反应器中,用氮气交换空气3次。将底物1q(0.1mmol,47.0mg),底物2a(0.12mmol,21.4mg),CPA(0.001mmol,0.8mg)依次称入反应管,抽空换氮气,并在氮气氛围下加入三氟甲苯(0.6mL),在室温下反应48小时。TCL检测反应结束后,直接加硅胶,旋干柱层析,得到白色固体3q(57%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.29(s,1H), 8.04-7.93(m,4H),7.78-7.76(m,2H),7.70-7.63(m,2H),7.52(t,J=7.5Hz,1H),7.41(t,J=7.5 Hz,1H),7.20(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.02(t,J=7.7Hz,1H),6.51(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),3.94-3.85(m, 7H),3.47(dd,J=15.4,6.9Hz,1H),3.30(dd,J=12.2,5.4Hz,1H),2.62(t,J=10.3Hz,1H).13CNMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ175.7,155.3,154.8,150.4,149.1,148.0,148.0,137.1,136.7,132.3, 131.9,130.8,130.2,129.1,128.5,128.2,127.7,127.5,126.8,125.6,124.5,123.0,122.7,122.6, 113.0,111.9,74.3,56.2(d,J=17.5Hz),49.1,37.7,32.1.HRMS(ESI)calculated for [C32H26BrN2O2]+:550.4760,found:550.4758.[α]D 20=-31.4(c=0.5,CHCl3).HPLC separation (Chiralpak IC,4.6 x 250mm;i-PrOH/hexane=1/3,1.0mL/min,210nm;tr(minor)=9.0min,tr (major)=11.8min,99:1 e.r.).
实施例18
在25mL的试管反应器中,用氮气交换空气3次。将底物1r(0.1mmol,47.0mg),底物2a(0.06mmol,21.4mg),CPA(0.001mmol,0.8mg)依次称入反应管,抽空换氮气,并在氮气氛围下加入三氟甲苯(0.6mL),在室温下反应48小时。TCL检测反应结束后,直接加硅胶,旋干柱层析,得到白色固体3r(65%)。1H NMR(400MHz,Chloroform-d)δ8.04-7.98(m,3H), 7.86(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),7.78-7.73(m,2H),7.60-7.56(m,1H),7.52-7.42(m,3H),7.35(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.10-7.03(m,2H),6.56(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),4.06(s,3H),3.97(s,3H),3.73-3.56(m,2H), 3.14(tdd,J=10.7,7.0,3.3Hz,1H),2.60-2.47(m,2H).13C NMR(101MHz,Chloroform-d)δ 174.7,154.8,150.2,149.3,148.6,147.5,136.7,135.3,132.3,132.1,130.6,129.9,128.9,128.3, 128.0,127.3,126.7,125.7,123.2,123.2,123.0,122.0,112.1,110.9,74.4,56.2,56.1,50.0,37.9, 30.7.HRMS(ESI)calculated for[C32H26BrN2O2]+:550.4760,found:550.4758.[α]D 20=-37.2(c= 0.5,CHCl3).HPLC separation(Chiralpak AD-H,4.6x 250mm;i-PrOH/hexane=1/5,1.0 mL/min,210nm;tr(minor)=8.0min,tr(major)=9.0min,98:2 e.r.).
实施例19
在25mL的试管反应器中,用氮气交换空气3次。将底物1s(0.1mmol,41.6mg),底物2a(0.12mmol,21.4mg),CPA(0.001mmol,0.8mg)依次称入反应管,抽空换氮气,并在氮气氛围下加入三氟甲苯(0.6mL),在室温下反应48小时。TCL检测反应结束后,直接加硅胶,旋干柱层析,得到白色固体3s(59%)。1H NMR(400MHz,Chloroform-d)δ8.03(s,1H),7.97 (d,J=9.0Hz,1H),7.87(t,J=8.7Hz,1H),7.79-7.71(m,3H),7.56(d,J=5.0Hz,1H),7.50-7.44(m,2H),7.27-7.25(m,1H),7.10(t,J=7.7Hz,1H),6.47(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),3.96(dd,J=15.5, 7.1Hz,1H),3.56(dd,J=15.5,11.0Hz,1H),3.23(tdd,J=11.0,7.2,3.9Hz,1H),2.64-2.55(m, 2H).13C NMR(101MHz,Chloroform-d)δ175.2,153.7,148.8,148.6,146.6,144.3,139.0,133.2, 133.2,132.3,130.9,129.0,128.7,128.3,128.2,128.2,127.9,127.4,126.4,126.3,125.7,124.2, 123.1,121.6,74.4,49.7,37.4,30.2.HRMS(ESI)calculated for[C28H20BrN2S]+:496.4460,found: 496.4456.[α]D 20=-40.7(c=0.5,CHCl3).HPLC separation(Chiralpak IC,4.6 x 250mm;i-PrOH/ hexane=1/9,1.0mL/min,210nm;tr(minor)=12.1min,tr(major)=15.3min,91:9 e.r.).
实施例20
在25mL的试管反应器中,用氮气交换空气3次。将底物1t(0.1mmol,42.4mg),底物2a(0.12mmol,21.4mg),CPA(0.001mmol,0.8mg)依次称入反应管,抽空换氮气,并在氮气氛围下加入三氟甲苯(0.6mL),在室温下反应48小时。TCL检测反应结束后,直接加硅胶,旋干柱层析,得到白色固体3t(60%)。1H NMR(400MHz,Chloroform-d)δ8.04(t,J=8.1 Hz,4H),7.97(s,1H),7.89(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),7.81(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.61-7.57(m,3H), 7.54-7.47(m,2H),7.40(d,J=1.9Hz,1H),7.12-7.07(m,1H),6.55(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),3.69-3.57 (m,2H),3.19-3.10(m,1H),2.77(s,3H),2.59-2.57(m,2H).13C NMR(101MHz,Chloroform-d)δ173.8,155.3,152.3,148.7,146.9,139.2,138.6,135.5,134.8,134.1,132.4,130.7,129.3,129.1, 129.0,128.8,128.2,128.1,127.5,126.6,125.6,123.8,123.4,121.3,74.8,50.0,37.5,30.3,16.9. HRMS(ESI)calculated for[C31H24BrN2]+:504.4510,found:504.4508.[α]D 20=-42.3(c=0.5, CHCl3).HPLC separation(Chiralpak IC,4.6 x250mm;i-PrOH/hexane=1/9,1.0mL/min,210 nm;tr(minor)=14.3min,tr(major)=17.9min,96:4 e.r.).
实施例21
在25mL的试管反应器中,用氮气交换空气3次。将底物1u(0.1mmol,42.4mg),底物2a(0.12mmol,21.4mg),CPA(0.001mmol,0.8mg)依次称入反应管,抽空换氮气,并在氮气氛围下加入三氟甲苯(0.6mL),在室温下反应48小时。TCL检测反应结束后,直接加硅胶,旋干柱层析,得到白色固体3u(57%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.16-8.11(m,3H), 8.06(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),8.02-7.96(m,2H),7.89(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),7.65(t,J=7.4Hz,2H), 7.60-7.54(m,2H),7.30(d,J=2.3Hz,1H),7.18(dd,J=8.5,2.4Hz,1H),7.06(d,J=7.4Hz,1H), 6.61(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),3.98-3.91(m,1H),3.81(s,3H),3.29(dd,J=6.9,3.5Hz,1H),2.71(t,J= 10.3Hz,1H),2.54(d,J=3.3Hz,1H).13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ175.1,155.1,153.1,148.1,147.4,139.3,139.1,137.2,134.7,133.9,132.4,130.9,129.8,129.6,129.1,128.9,128.7, 128.2,128.1,128.0,126.7,125.8,124.7,123.3,120.8,74.8,55.3,48.9,37.4,32.0.HRMS(ESI) calculated for[C31H24BrN2]+:504.4510,found:504.4508.[α]D 20=-45.3(c=0.5,CHCl3).HPLC separation(Chiralpak IC,4.6 x 250mm;i-PrOH/hexane=1/9,1.0mL/min,210nm;tr(minor)= 6.4min,tr(major)=7.1min,95:5 e.r.).
实施例22
在25mL的试管反应器中,用氮气交换空气3次。将底物1v(0.1mmol,42.7mg),底物2a(0.12mmol,21.4mg),CPA(0.001mmol,0.8mg)依次称入反应管,抽空换氮气,并在氮气氛围下加入三氟甲苯(0.6mL),在室温下反应48小时。TCL检测反应结束后,直接加硅胶,旋干柱层析,得到白色固体3v(58%)。1H NMR(400MHz,Chloroform-d)δ8.10-8.06(m,3H), 7.93(q,J=5.2,4.2Hz,3H),7.84(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.63(t,J=7.4Hz,2H),7.54(dt,J=14.1,7.2Hz,2H),7.20-7.12(m,2H),7.01(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),6.70(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),3.86(s,1H),3.68-3.65(m,1H),3.22-3.14(m,1H),2.70-2.59(m,2H).13C NMR(101MHz,Chloroform-d)δ172.4,159.4,155.1,148.7,148.4,147.6,139.3,138.3,135.5,132.3,130.7,129.2,129.0,129.0, 128.7,128.3,128.0,127.4,126.9,125.7,123.5,114.2,110.0,74.4,55.8,50.0,37.1,29.7.HRMS (ESI)calculated for[C31H24BrN2]+:504.4510,found:504.4508.[α]D 20=-43.3(c=0.5,CHCl3). HPLC separation(Chiralpak IC,4.6 x 250mm;i-PrOH/hexane=1/9,1.0mL/min,210nm;tr (minor)=11.3min,tr(major)=27.6min,95:5e.r.).
实施例23
在25mL的试管反应器中,用氮气交换空气3次。将底物1w(0.1mmol,42.7mg),底物2a(0.12mmol,21.4mg),CPA(0.001mmol,0.8mg)依次称入反应管,抽空换氮气,并在氮气氛围下加入三氟甲苯(0.6mL),在室温下反应48小时。TCL检测反应结束后,直接加硅胶,旋干柱层析,得到白色固体3w(43%)。1H NMR(400MHz,Chloroform-d)δ7.99(s,1H),7.92 (d,J=9.0Hz,1H),7.80-7.70(m,3H),7.60(dd,J=8.3,1.8Hz,1H),7.39-7.36(m,2H),7.30-7.25 (m,4H),7.12(s,1H),7.02(t,J=7.7Hz,1H),6.43(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),3.23(dd,J=12.2,7.9Hz, 1H),3.16-3.08(m,2H),2.46-2.34(m,2H),2.27(s,3H).13C NMR(101MHz,Chloroform-d)δ 175.2,155.3,153.7,148.8,146.6,139.2,138.9,135.5,133.2,132.4,130.8,129.4,129.1,129.0, 128.8,128.2,127.5,126.4,125.7,124.2,123.3,121.5,74.7,50.1,37.5,30.1,29.7.HRMS(ESI) calculated for[C31H24BrN2]+:504.4510,found:504.4508.[α]D 20=-45.3(c=0.5,CHCl3).HPLC separation(Chiralpak IC,4.6 x 250mm;i-PrOH/hexane=1/9,1.0mL/min,210nm;tr(minor)= 6.4min,tr(major)=7.1min,95:5e.r.).
实施例24
在25mL的试管反应器中,用氮气交换空气3次。将底物1a’(0.1mmol,37.7mg),底物2a(0.12mmol,21.4mg),CPA(0.001mmol,0.8mg)依次称入反应管,抽空换氮气,并在氮气氛围下加入三氟甲苯(0.6mL),在室温下反应48小时。TCL检测反应结束后,直接加硅胶,旋干柱层析,得到白色固体3a’(52%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.71(s,1H),8.04 (d,J=7.2Hz,2H),7.82(d,J=7.7Hz,1H),7.61(t,J=7.4Hz,2H),7.55(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),7.47(dt,J=7.4,3.8Hz,2H),7.42(d,J=7.3Hz,1H),7.24-7.17(m,2H),6.65(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),3.77 (ddd,J=22.6,14.8,8.3Hz,2H),3.56(dd,J=14.5,6.6Hz,1H),3.25(t,J=9.2Hz,1H),2.84(dd, J=9.9,5.6Hz,1H),2.72(s,3H).13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ177.6,155.0,154.2,147.5, 146.0,139.8,137.9,137.4,134.8,129.1,128.9,128.8,128.4,126.9,126.5,124.2,123.3,121.6, 119.1,79.1,71.7,45.7,32.6,18.2.HRMS(ESI)calculatedfor[C27H22BrN2]+:454.3910,found: 454.3909.[α]D 20=-21.5(c=0.5,CHCl3).HPLCseparation(Chiralpak IC,4.6 x 250mm;i-PrOH/ hexane=1/9,1.0mL/min,210nm;tr(minor)=9.4min,tr(major)=15.0min,97.5:2.5 e.r.).
实施例25
在25mL的试管反应器中,用氮气交换空气3次。将底物1b’(0.1mmol,39.0mg),底物2a(0.06mmol,21.4mg),CPA(0.001mmol,0.8mg)依次称入反应管,抽空换氮气,并在氮气氛围下加入三氟甲苯(0.6mL),在室温下反应48小时。TCL检测反应结束后,直接加硅胶,旋干柱层析,得到白色固体3b’(53%)。1H NMR(400MHz,Chloroform-d)δ8.63(dd,J= 19.3,5.5Hz,1H),8.10-8.02(m,2H),7.88-7.86(m,2H),7.56-7.40(m,5H),7.31-7.28(m,1H),7.24-7.08(m,1H),6.88-6.67(m,1H),3.73(s,3H),3.53-3.40(m,3H),3.35-3.12(m,2H).13CNMR (101MHz,Chloroform-d)δ176.7,155.0,154.5,147.7,147.0,140.2,138.5,137.8,134.0,129.6, 129.5,129.1,128.7,127.2,127.0,123.9,123.6,122.6,119.9.HRMS(ESI)calculated for [C27H22BrN2O]+:470.3900,found:470.3902.[α]D 20=-23.6(c=0.5,CHCl3).HPLC separation (Chiralpak AD-H,4.6 x 250mm;i-PrOH/hexane=1/5,1.0mL/min,210nm;tr(minor)=10.3 min,tr(major)=11.9min,98.5:1.5 e.r.).
实施例26
在25mL的试管反应器中,用氮气交换空气3次。将底物1c’(0.1mmol,37.7mg),底物2a(0.12mmol,21.4mg),CPA(0.001mmol,0.8mg)依次称入反应管,抽空换氮气,并在氮气氛围下加入三氟甲苯(0.6mL),在室温下反应48小时。TCL检测反应结束后,直接加硅胶,旋干柱层析,得到白色固体3c’(61%)。1H NMR(400MHz,Chloroform-d)δ8.44(s,1H), 8.02(d,J=7.4Hz,2H),7.85(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.58(t,J=7.4Hz,2H),7.53-7.42(m,3H),7.19 (t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.12(t,J=7.6Hz,2H),6.75(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),3.88-3.80(m,1H),3.61-3.52(m,2H),2.99(t,J=10.0Hz,1H),2.83(s,3H),2.75(dd,J=10.2,3.7Hz,1H).13C NMR(101MHz,Chloroform-d)δ176.6,154.9,154.4,147.6,146.9,140.1,138.4,137.7,133.9,129.5,129.4, 129.0,128.6,127.1,126.9,123.8,123.5,122.5,119.8,72.2,47.2,39.0,31.6,18.5.HRMS(ESI) calculated for[C27H22BrN2]+:454.3910,HRMS(ESI)calculatedfor[C27H22BrN2]+:454.3910, found:454.3913.[α]D 20=-36.6(c=0.5,CHCl3).HPLCseparation(Chiralpak IC,4.6 x 250mm;i-PrOH/hexane=1/9,1.0mL/min,210nm;tr(minor)=7.8min,tr(major)=8.8min,98.5:1.5 e.r.).

Claims (5)

1.一种手性多环吲哚化合物的合成方法,其特征在于,以含烯烃的吲哚衍生物1和NBS2a为反应原料,以手性磷酸为催化剂,一定温度下在反应溶剂中反应得到手性多环吲哚化合物;其中,所述温度为0-80℃;反应过程如式(I)所示;
其中R1,R2,R3和R4是烷基、芳香基或杂环。
2.如权利要求1所述的手性多环吲哚化合物的合成方法,其特征在于,所述催化剂是手性磷酸;所述催化剂的用量为1-100%。
3.如权利要求1所述的手性多环吲哚化合物的合成方法,其特征在于,所述反应溶剂是二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷、四氢呋喃、甲醇、1,2-二氯乙烷、乙腈、甲苯、1,4-二氧六环、乙醚、乙酸乙酯、三氟甲苯、二甲苯类化合物或苯甲醚。
4.如权利要求1所述的手性多环吲哚化合物的合成方法,其特征在于,所述化合物1和化合物2的比例为1:1-1:5。
5.一种手性多环吲哚化合物的合成方法,反应过程如以下反应式所示;
在25mL的试管反应器中,用氮气交换空气3次;将0.1mmol底物1、0.12mmol底物2a和0.001mmol CPA依次称入反应管,抽空换氮气,并在氮气氛围下加入0.6mL三氟甲苯;将反应体系在室温下反应48小时;TCL检测反应结束后,直接加硅胶,旋干柱层析,得到3a。
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