CN116746668B - Compound fish glue and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Compound fish glue and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116746668B CN116746668B CN202310808767.6A CN202310808767A CN116746668B CN 116746668 B CN116746668 B CN 116746668B CN 202310808767 A CN202310808767 A CN 202310808767A CN 116746668 B CN116746668 B CN 116746668B
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- glue
- fish maw
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000004833 fish glue Substances 0.000 title description 18
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 240000001008 Dimocarpus longan Species 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000000235 Euphoria longan Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 244000303040 Glycyrrhiza glabra Species 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000006200 Glycyrrhiza glabra Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 241000405414 Rehmannia Species 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 241000213006 Angelica dahurica Species 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 241000212322 Levisticum officinale Species 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000017784 Mespilus germanica Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 244000182216 Mimusops elengi Species 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000000560 Mimusops elengi Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000006484 Paeonia officinalis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000007837 Vangueria infausta Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229940107666 astragalus root Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- LPLVUJXQOOQHMX-QWBHMCJMSA-N glycyrrhizinic acid Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1C([C@H]2[C@]([C@@H]3[C@@]([C@@]4(CC[C@@]5(C)CC[C@@](C)(C[C@H]5C4=CC3=O)C(O)=O)C)(C)CC2)(C)CC1)(C)C)C(O)=O)[C@@H]1O[C@H](C(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O LPLVUJXQOOQHMX-QWBHMCJMSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000001645 levisticum officinale Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000011477 liquorice Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000006545 Ziziphus mauritiana Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000008529 Ziziphus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 244000170916 Paeonia officinalis Species 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 240000000038 Ziziphus mauritiana Species 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 210000004712 air sac Anatomy 0.000 claims description 12
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 244000126002 Ziziphus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 37
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 19
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 19
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 230000009920 chelation Effects 0.000 description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 15
- 208000015710 Iron-Deficiency Anemia Diseases 0.000 description 9
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 7
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 241001106477 Paeoniaceae Species 0.000 description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- 208000007502 anemia Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000010699 Iron Chelating Activity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 4
- VYQNWZOUAUKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N monobenzone Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1OCC1=CC=CC=C1 VYQNWZOUAUKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000019640 taste Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 102000001554 Hemoglobins Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108010054147 Hemoglobins Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 208000018920 Paranasal Sinus disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 3
- 208000028347 Sinus disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 210000003494 hepatocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 102000008186 Collagen Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010035532 Collagen Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 241000700157 Rattus norvegicus Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001436 collagen Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003743 erythrocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013401 experimental design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000000952 spleen Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000045403 Astragalus propinquus Species 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000010736 Chelating Activity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 241000756943 Codonopsis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000007126 Codonopsis pilosula Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920002683 Glycosaminoglycan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000017443 Hedysarum boreale Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000007858 Hedysarum occidentale Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000009636 Huang Qi Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000112528 Ligusticum striatum Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 244000236658 Paeonia lactiflora Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008598 Paeonia lactiflora Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000005392 Spasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000006533 astragalus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000017531 blood circulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004820 blood count Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001914 calming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004087 circulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000378 dietary effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002496 gastric effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000001947 glycyrrhiza glabra rhizome/root Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005534 hematocrit Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002440 hepatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012907 honey Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000968 intestinal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003734 kidney Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012417 linear regression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000005229 liver cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000004213 low-fat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002175 menstrual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001575 pathological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007170 pathology Effects 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001184 polypeptide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019614 sour taste Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009469 supplementation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019605 sweet taste sensations Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940126680 traditional chinese medicines Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002936 tranquilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L17/00—Food-from-the-sea products; Fish products; Fish meal; Fish-egg substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L17/20—Fish extracts
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/105—Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/55—Rehydration or dissolving of foodstuffs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Abstract
The invention relates to compound fish maw glue and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of nutritional foods and the technical field of aquatic food processing. The method comprises the steps of cutting dry swimming bladder, soaking in water at normal temperature, boiling, soaking, adding acetic acid solution for soaking, and cleaning to neutrality; then high-temperature high-pressure treatment, homogenate, high-pressure homogenization treatment, filtration and centrifugation are carried out to obtain the fish maw glue; selecting Chinese angelica, prepared rehmannia root, szechuan lovage rhizome, astragalus root, white paeony root, pilose asiabell root, longan pulp, chinese date, medlar and liquorice as auxiliary materials for compounding; soaking the auxiliary materials at normal temperature, boiling, filtering, adding the fish maw glue, mixing, uniformly evaporating, concentrating, and drying with cold air to obtain the compound fish maw glue.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of nutritional foods and the technical field of aquatic food processing, and particularly relates to compound swimming bladder glue and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The swimming bladder is a high-protein (85.81%), low-fat (0.17%) food, contains abundant minerals (containing calcium, iron, zinc, potassium, etc.) and mucopolysaccharide (8.9%), and has effects of invigorating menstrual blood, stopping bleeding and nourishing blood. At present, the main product forms of the swimming bladder are single, and the swimming bladder is processed into dry products, so that the swimming bladder is inconvenient to eat and has high nutrition loss rate. Researchers extract the swimming bladder collagen by an enzyme method, an acid method, a salt method, a hot water method and the like, but the extraction process is complex, the time consumption is long, and the yield of the swimming bladder collagen is low. The traditional method has low viscosity and low molecular weight, gel blocks are difficult to form in the drying process, and the influence of different extraction modes on the iron chelating activity is less. Therefore, a method for preparing high-viscosity swimming bladder glue with iron chelating activity is needed.
The current common method for relieving and treating Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA) is oral iron supplementation and dietary adjustment. Inorganic iron has low price, but is easy to be precipitated by phosphate and the like in the organism, and can stimulate gastrointestinal tract after long-term administration; organic iron such as amino acid iron, polysaccharide iron and polypeptide iron are costly.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the compound swimming bladder glue and the preparation method thereof, the swimming bladder glue prepared by the method has high adhesiveness, high chelating rate with iron, and synergistic effect when combined with specific traditional Chinese medicines, can remarkably increase the weight of an anemic rat, recover the content of hemoglobin, improve liver blood sinus disorder and liver cell cord boundary blurring, and has relatively low cost.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a compound fish maw gum for treating iron deficiency anemia comprises dried fish maw gum, radix Angelicae sinensis, radix rehmanniae Preparata, rhizoma Ligustici Chuanxiong, radix astragali, radix Paeoniae alba, radix Codonopsis, arillus longan, fructus Jujubae, fructus Lycii and Glycyrrhrizae radix.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the raw materials of the compound swimming bladder glue comprise, by mass, 10-25% of dry swimming bladder glue, 8-15% of Chinese angelica, 10-13% of prepared rehmannia root, 4-8% of szechuan lovage rhizome, 10-12% of astragalus root, 5-11% of white paeony root, 7-11% of dangshen, 5-8% of longan pulp, 4-8% of Chinese date, 3-6% of medlar and 4-8% of liquorice.
As a preferable scheme, the compound fish glue comprises the following raw materials of 20% of dry fish glue, 10% of Chinese angelica, 12% of prepared rehmannia root, 5% of szechuan lovage rhizome, 11% of astragalus root, 10% of white paeony root, 9% of pilose asiabell root, 6% of longan pulp, 7% of jujube, 4% of medlar and 6% of liquorice.
A preparation method of compound fish maw glue for resisting iron deficiency anemia comprises cutting dried fish maw into pieces, soaking in deionized water at normal temperature, taking out, boiling, soaking in acetic acid solution at normal temperature, and cleaning to pH 6.0-7.0; carrying out high-temperature high-pressure treatment on the cleaned swim bladder, adding deionized water for homogenate, carrying out high-pressure homogenization treatment on the homogenate, filtering and centrifuging to obtain swim bladder glue; compounding Chinese angelica, prepared rehmannia root, szechuan lovage rhizome, astragalus root, white paeony root, pilose asiabell root, longan pulp, chinese date, medlar and liquorice serving as auxiliary materials; soaking the auxiliary materials at normal temperature, boiling, filtering, adding the fish maw gelatin, mixing uniformly to obtain a fish maw gelatin mixed solution, evaporating and concentrating the fish maw gelatin mixed solution, and drying with cold air to obtain the compound fish maw gelatin.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the boiling and soaking treatment is carried out for 40-60min at 75-85 ℃, and the conditions are convenient for water absorption and softening and are beneficial to shearing treatment.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the acetic acid solution soaking treatment is as follows: 0.05 The stirring and soaking treatment of the M acetic acid solution is more than 3h, the condition can ensure that the protein recovery rate is more than 80%, and the viscosity characteristic is kept higher.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the high-temperature high-pressure treatment is carried out at 121 ℃ for 30min under 0.2Mpa, the high-pressure homogenization treatment is carried out at 100 Mpa, the cycle number is 2, the centrifugation parameter is 4000 r/min, and the centrifugation time is 15 min. The condition can ensure the obtaining rate of the fish maw glue of 89.72 percent, the viscosity of 13.27 mPa.s and the iron chelating rate of 1.13 ng/mg, and has better viscosity and activity.
As a preferable scheme, the cooking temperature of the auxiliary materials is 100 ℃, the iron chelating rate of the compound fish maw gum obtained at the time is best 4.69+/-0.51 ng/mg, which is higher than that of the compound fish maw gum obtained after the auxiliary materials are cooked at 90 ℃ (3.24+/-0.93) and 80 ℃ (3.85+/-0.23), and the taste is moderate.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, water with the mass-volume ratio of 10% of the dried swimming bladder is added during the homogenization.
As a preferable scheme, the dissolving temperature of the swimming bladder glue is 50 ℃, and the iron chelating rate of the compound swimming bladder glue is 9.73+/-0.14 ng/mg and is higher than other dissolving temperatures; the dissolution concentration is 50% (mass volume ratio of the swimming bladder glue to the auxiliary material extracting solution), and the swimming bladder glue is lower than 1 Pa.s under the condition, so that the swimming bladder glue is favorable for dissolution and uniform stirring.
As a preferable scheme, the concentration of the mixed solution of the swimming bladder glue by evaporation is 80 percent, and the compound swimming bladder glue has better similar solidity under the condition, and the water is not easy to evaporate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the dried swim bladder is boiled and soaked for 50 min at 80 ℃, and TPA test shows that the hardness of the boiled dried swim bladder for 50 min is 1.28+/-0.16N, which is far lower than the boiling time of 10 min (7.96+/-0.27) and 30min (3.18+/-0.34), so that the boiled dried swim bladder is convenient for water absorption and softening, and is favorable for shearing and crushing treatment.
The invention adopts high-temperature high-pressure treatment at 121 ℃ and 0.2MPa for 30 min; 100 And (5) carrying out high-pressure homogenization treatment for 2 times under the pressure of MPa. Greatly quickening the liquefying efficiency of the swimming bladder, retaining the nutrient substances of the swimming bladder and keeping the due viscosity and iron chelating activity of the swimming bladder glue.
The invention is scientifically compounded by the homologous components of the medicine and the food, and the components supplement each other in the proportion: (1) the fish gel has the effects of calming, nourishing blood and stopping bleeding; dang Gui is sweet, warm, moist and good at replenishing blood; (2) the prepared rehmannia root is sweet in taste and warm in nature, and can tonify yin and replenish essence to raise blood, nourish blood and tonify deficiency; white peony root, radix Paeoniae alba, sour taste, astringing liver yin to nourish blood; ligusticum wallichii, rhizoma Ligustici Chuanxiong, and rhizoma Ligustici Chuanxiong are pungent and warm to dispel heat, and can promote blood circulation and qi circulation; astragalus mongholicus is sweet in nature and warm in nature, and has the effects of strengthening spleen and tonifying qi, and tonifying qi and producing blood; the codonopsis pilosula is sweet and neutral in taste, and has the effects of tonifying qi and nourishing blood; jujube flavor is sweet and warm, has the effects of strengthening middle-jiao, tonifying qi, nourishing blood and tranquillizing; longan pulp is sweet and warm in nature, and has the effects of tonifying heart and spleen and tonifying qi and blood; fructus Lycii has sweet taste, and can be used for replenishing essence, tonifying blood, treating liver wind blood deficiency, nourishing kidney and moistening lung; (3) licorice root, radix Glycyrrhizae Praeparata, radix Paeoniae alba, radix Glycyrrhizae Praeparata, and its flavor are sweet and neutral, and its formula is good at stopping bleeding, and its formula is gan Cao, radix Paeoniae alba, and its formula is gan Cao, so it can relieve spasm and alleviate pain. In addition, the key process of compound glue processing is optimized based on the rheological characteristics of the fish glue under different conditions, so that the compound fish glue product which is rich in protein (67.95 percent) and polysaccharide (27.10 percent) and has good taste and iron chelating activity is formed.
The invention evaluates the iron deficiency anemia resisting activity of the compound fish glue by adopting the Wistar rats, and discovers that the compound fish glue can obviously increase the weight of the anemia rats, recover the content of hemoglobin and improve the liver blood sinus disorder and the hepatic cell cord boundary blurring.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the variation of the bladder glue G' and G″ at different temperatures according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the change of Fe chelation rate in the process of compound colloid external digestion;
fig. 3 is a diagram of pathological sections of rat livers in different experimental groups, wherein A is a normal group, B is a model group, C is a compound fish glue group, and D is a fish glue group.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained below by means of examples in combination with the accompanying drawings.
Example 1: dried swim bladder (water content 9.77%, w/w) 5 g was selected and moderately crushed into small pieces by a crusher. The boiling and soaking treatment is carried out for 40-60min at 75-85deg.C, preferably at 80deg.C for 50 min, cutting, soaking in acetic acid solution, preferably 0.05M acetic acid solution 50 mL, stirring, soaking for 3h, and cleaning to neutrality. Draining off water on the surface of the cleaned swimming bladder, performing high-temperature high-pressure treatment (121 ℃ and 0.2Mpa treatment for 10, 20 and 30 min), taking out the swimming bladder while the swimming bladder is hot, and adding 50 mL deionized water for homogenizing treatment. After repeated homogenization to pass through an 80 mesh screen, high pressure homogenization treatment (treatments at 20, 60 and 100 Mpa 2, 5 and 8 times, respectively) was performed. And (3) centrifuging the glue solution at 4000 r/min for 15 min, discarding the precipitate, filtering with 500-mesh spun yarn, concentrating moderately, and drying with cold air. Wherein each condition-responsive surface optimization condition is the yield, the iron chelation rate and the viscosity, as shown in tables 1 and 2.
TABLE 1 factor level in response surface Experimental design
；
Table 2 experimental design and results
；
According to the test factor levels in table 2, multiple linear regression and two-term fitting were performed on the experimental data using response surface analysis software Design-Expert Version 8.0.6, and regression equations were obtained as follows: y is Y 1 = 61.30-1.01A+0.13B-0.75C-0.0002AB-0.02AC+0.0013BC+0.06A 2 +0.0006B 2 +0.14C 2 ，R 2 =0.9927；
Y 2 = 49.05-1.75A-0.23B-6.25C+0.0076AB+0.09AC-0.01BC+0.02A 2 +
0.001B 2 +0.44C 2 ，R 2 =0.7559；
Y 3 = 1.12-0.029A-0.12B-0.15C+0.012AB-0.065AC-0.028BC-0.11A 2 +
0.26B 2 +0.27C 2 ，R 2 = 0.8187; wherein Y is 1 The yield (%) of the fish glue is shown as Y 2 Represents the apparent viscosity (mPas) of fish maw gelatin and Y 3 The iron chelation rate (ng/mg) of the swimming bladder is expressed, A is the high-temperature high-pressure treatment time (min), B is the homogenization pressure (Mpa), and C is the homogenization times (times).
The optimal extraction condition is determined by optimization of a response surface method, the high temperature and high pressure treatment time is 30min, the homogenization pressure is 100 Mpa, and the homogenization times are 2 times. And finally the protein content is 86.35+/-1.65%, the polysaccharide content is 9.86+/-0.86%, the viscosity is 13.27 mPa.s, the yield is 89.72%, and the chelation rate is 1.13 ng/mg.
Example 2: the preparation method comprises the steps of weighing samples according to the formula ratio (20% of swimming bladder glue, 10% of Chinese angelica, 12% of prepared rehmannia root, 5% of szechuan lovage rhizome, 11% of astragalus root, 10% of white paeony root, 9% of pilose asiabell root, 6% of longan pulp, 7% of Chinese date, 4% of medlar and 6% of liquorice, wherein the mass percentages are all percentages), soaking the samples except the swimming bladder glue in cold water for 30min, respectively boiling the samples at 80, 90 and 100 ℃ for 30min, extracting the samples twice with water, mixing the two extracts, adding the swimming bladder glue into the extract at 55 ℃ for uniform mixing, evaporating and concentrating the mixture until the concentration reaches 80%, and drying the mixture by cold air.
And analyzing the iron chelation rate of the compound glue formed by extracting auxiliary materials at different temperatures so as to optimize the optimal boiling temperature in the preparation process of the compound glue. The result shows that the cooking temperature of the auxiliary materials is 100 ℃, and the iron chelation rate of the compound fish maw gum obtained at the time is 4.69+/-0.51 ng/mg, which is higher than that of the compound fish maw gum obtained after the auxiliary materials are cooked at 90 ℃ (3.24+/-0.93) and 80 ℃ (3.85+/-0.23).
Example 3: the preparation method comprises the steps of weighing samples according to the formula ratio (20% of swimming bladder glue, 10% of Chinese angelica, 12% of prepared rehmannia root, 5% of szechuan lovage rhizome, 11% of astragalus root, 10% of white paeony root, 9% of pilose asiabell root, 6% of longan pulp, 7% of Chinese date, 4% of medlar and 6% of liquorice, wherein the mass percentages are all percentages), soaking the samples except the swimming bladder glue in cold water for 30min, boiling at 100 ℃ for 30min, extracting with water twice, mixing the two extracts, adding the swimming bladder glue into the extracts at 40, 50 and 60 ℃ respectively, uniformly mixing, evaporating and concentrating to 80% after uniform mixing, and drying with cold air.
And analyzing the iron chelation rate of the compound glue formed by dissolving the fish glue at different temperatures so as to optimize the optimal boiling temperature in the preparation process of the compound glue. The result shows that the dissolution temperature of the swimming bladder glue is 50 ℃, and the iron chelating rate of the compound swimming bladder glue obtained at the time is 9.73+/-0.14 ng/mg, which is higher than that of the compound swimming bladder glue obtained after the swimming bladder glue is dissolved at 40 ℃ (8.42+/-0.98) and 60 ℃ (5.58+/-0.28).
Example 4: the dried swim bladder 5 g is selected and properly crushed into small pieces by a crusher. 80. Boiling at the temperature of 50 min, cutting, adding 50 mL of 0.05M acetic acid solution, stirring and soaking for 3 h. Washing to neutrality, draining off water on the surface of swimming bladder, performing high temperature and high pressure treatment (121deg.C, 30 min), adding 50 mL deionized water while hot, repeatedly homogenizing to pass through 80 mesh screen, and performing high pressure homogenization treatment (100 Mpa,2 times). And (3) centrifuging the glue solution at 4000 r/min for 15 min, discarding the precipitate, filtering with 500-mesh spun yarn, concentrating moderately, and drying with cold air. Swim bladder gums at concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60% and 80%, respectively, were prepared (wherein the percentages are the mass of solid swim bladder gums to the volume of solvent water), and analyzed for apparent viscosity and temperature-induced rheological properties.
TABLE 3 fitting results of swim bladder glues at different concentrations
；
The viscosity characteristics of the fish maw glue with different concentrations are analyzed so as to optimize the concentration of the fish maw glue added in the preparation process of the compound glue. The results in Table 3 show that 40% of the viscosity coefficients (K) are 382.4 mPa.s, which is advantageous for uniform dissolution and suitable as stirring dissolution concentration; the viscosity coefficient of 60% is 2729.7 mPa.s, which is similar to honey and is unfavorable for stirring and mixing with other components, so that the concentration of the dissolved fish maw glue is 50% finally.
And analyzing the temperature scanning results of the swimming bladder glue with different concentrations so as to optimize the final concentration in the preparation process of the compound glue. The results in FIG. 1 show that under cold air conditions (15 ℃ C.), 80% concentration of G ' '/G ' is 0.33 at cold air temperature (15 ℃ C.), which is better solid-like, and that gel is more easily formed under the concentration conditions, which is suitable as the final concentration of evaporation concentration, so that the final concentration of concentration is selected to be 80%.
Example 5: the preparation method comprises the steps of weighing samples according to the formula ratio (20% of swimming bladder glue, 10% of Chinese angelica, 12% of prepared rehmannia root, 5% of szechuan lovage rhizome, 11% of astragalus root, 10% of white paeony root, 9% of pilose asiabell root, 6% of longan pulp, 7% of Chinese date, 4% of medlar and 6% of liquorice, wherein the mass percentages are all percentages), soaking the samples except the swimming bladder glue in cold water for 30min, boiling at 100 ℃ for 30min, extracting with water for two times, mixing the two extracting solutions, adding the swimming bladder glue into the extracting solution at 50 ℃ for uniform mixing, wherein the volume ratio of the swimming bladder glue to the extracting solution is 50%, evaporating and concentrating to 80% after uniform mixing, and drying with cold air. The Fe chelating activity change of the compound fish glue in the digestion process is analyzed by in vitro simulated digestion. Wistar rats were used for evaluation of anti-iron deficiency anemia activity, and their effects were analyzed by blood routine and liver pathology.
In the embodiment, the Fe chelation result in the in-vitro digestion process of the compound fish glue is analyzed so as to analyze the blood replenishing activity of the compound glue after digestion. The results of FIG. 2 show that the chelation rate of the compound fish maw gum after gastric digestion for 1h is 4.5+/-0.23 ng/mg, after 2h is 5.58+/-0.28 ng/mg, and the chelation rate of the compound fish maw gum after intestinal digestion for 1h is 6.14+/-0.47 ng/mg, after 2h is 5.2+/-0.19 ng/mg. The chelation rate of the fish maw glue after being digested for 1h is 0.86+/-0.23 ng/mg, the chelation rate of the fish maw glue after being digested for 2h is 0.63+/-0.09 ng/mg, the chelation rate of the fish maw glue after being digested for 1h is 1.05+/-0.23 ng/mg, and the chelation rate of the fish maw glue after being digested for 2h is 1.05+/-0.33 ng/mg, which are far lower than the chelation effect of the compound fish maw glue.
Table 4 analysis of blood index of compound fish glue against anemia
；
In this example, the anti-anaemia activity of compound fish glue was evaluated. The results in table 4 show that compared with the model group, the compound gum can obviously reduce the reduction of red blood cell count, hemoglobin and red blood cell hematocrit caused by iron deficiency anemia, and the effect is better than that of taking fish glue.
In this example, the anti-anaemia activity of compound fish glue was evaluated. The results of fig. 3 show that compared with the model group (iron deficiency anemia), the compound gel can significantly improve liver hepatic blood sinus disorder, hepatic cell chordal interface blurring and hepatic cell enlargement caused by iron deficiency anemia.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which is intended to be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The preparation method of the compound fish maw glue is characterized in that the raw materials of the compound fish maw glue comprise, by mass, 10-25% of dry fish maw glue, 8-15% of Chinese angelica, 10-13% of prepared rehmannia root, 4-8% of szechuan lovage rhizome, 10-12% of astragalus root, 5-11% of white paeony root, 7-11% of dangshen, 5-8% of longan pulp, 4-8% of Chinese date, 3-6% of medlar and 4-8% of liquorice; the method comprises the steps of cutting dried swimming bladder into pieces, soaking in deionized water at normal temperature, taking out, boiling, soaking for 50 min at 80 ℃, adding 0.05M acetic acid solution at normal temperature, soaking for 3h, and cleaning to pH 6.0-7.0; carrying out high-temperature high-pressure treatment on the cleaned swim bladder, adding deionized water for homogenate, carrying out high-pressure homogenization treatment on the homogenate, filtering and centrifuging to obtain swim bladder glue; compounding Chinese angelica, prepared rehmannia root, szechuan lovage rhizome, astragalus root, white paeony root, pilose asiabell root, longan pulp, chinese date, medlar and liquorice serving as auxiliary materials; soaking the auxiliary materials at normal temperature, boiling at 100 ℃ for 30min, filtering, cooling to 50 ℃, adding the fish maw gelatin, dissolving and mixing uniformly to obtain a fish maw gelatin mixed solution, evaporating and concentrating the fish maw gelatin mixed solution, and drying with cold air to obtain the compound fish maw gelatin; the high temperature and high pressure treatment is carried out at 121 ℃ for 30min under 0.2Mpa, the high pressure homogenization treatment is carried out at 100 Mpa, the cycle times are 2 times, the centrifugation parameters are 4000 r/min, and the centrifugation time is 15 min.
2. The preparation method of the compound fish maw glue according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of raw materials in the compound fish maw glue is 20% of dry fish maw glue, 10% of Chinese angelica, 12% of prepared rehmannia root, 5% of szechuan lovage rhizome, 11% of astragalus root, 10% of white paeony root, 9% of pilose asiabell root, 6% of longan pulp, 7% of Chinese date, 4% of medlar and 6% of liquorice.
3. The method for preparing the compound fish maw gelatin according to claim 1, wherein the volume ratio of the evaporated concentration of the fish maw gelatin mixed solution is 80%.
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