CN116650585A - 一种促进肛周脓肿、肛瘘术后创面愈合的中药及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种促进肛周脓肿、肛瘘术后创面愈合的中药及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种促进肛周脓肿、肛瘘术后创面愈合的中药,包括以下重量份的中药组合物:黄连11‑13份、黄柏11‑13份、苦参11‑13份、黄芪14‑16份、当归14‑16份、白芷11‑13份、血竭2‑4份、五倍子9‑11份、明矾9‑11份和冰片2‑4份。本发明还涉及一种促进肛周脓肿、肛瘘术后创面愈合的中药的制备方法,主要是煎煮,直接使用药液或者制成膏药使用;本发明副作用小,使用方法简单,便于外用,清热解毒、消肿止痛、祛腐敛疮生肌。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中药技术领域,具体涉及一种促进肛周脓肿、肛瘘术后创面愈合的中药及其制备方法。
背景技术
肛周脓肿、肛瘘的病人手术后一般伤口比较大,术后应注意局部清洁外洗,还要应用相关的消炎类药物。术后伤口一般要定时每天换药,并应用局部外洗、坐浴,同时配合外用相关的药膏促进伤口愈合。常用的一般有龙珠软膏、银离子抗菌凝胶、重组人表皮生长因子凝胶等这些相关的药物。同时患者饮食上,应该注意避免进食辛辣油腻刺激性食物,适当多进食瘦肉、鸡蛋、牛奶等富含营养的食物,这些都可以有助于伤口愈合。但最主要的是保持伤口局部的清洁和合理应用促愈合药物。
但是目前临床上多为高锰酸钾稀释液熏洗坐浴治疗,高锰酸钾具有杀菌消炎的作用,可以用于会阴部或肛门部位的消毒和清洗,但是会对人体的皮肤存在一定的刺激性,如果应用高锰酸钾溶液坐浴时间过长或者是高锰酸钾浓度掌握不好,还可能会对皮肤产生一定的损伤作用。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种使用方法简单,副作用小,能够促进肛周脓肿、肛瘘术后创面愈合的中药及其制备方法。
本发明的技术方案:
一种促进肛周脓肿、肛瘘术后创面愈合的中药,包括以下重量份的中药组合物:
黄连11-13份、黄柏11-13份、苦参11-13份、黄芪14-16份、当归14-16份、白芷11-13份、血竭2-4份、五倍子9-11份、明矾9-11份和冰片2-4份。
优选的,包括以下重量份的中药组合物:
黄连12份、黄柏12份、苦参12份、黄芪15份、当归15份、白芷12份、血竭3份、五倍子10份、明矾10份和冰片3份。
优选的,还包括以下重量份的中药:金银花19-21份和蒲公英14-16份。
优选的,还包括以下重量份的中药:金银花20份和蒲公英15份。
优选的,还包括以下重量份的中药:泽泻9-11份和苍术11-13份。
优选的,还包括以下重量份的中药:泽泻10份和苍术12份。
优选的,还包括以下重量份的中药:白及9-11份和地榆9-11份。
优选的,还包括以下重量份的中药:白及10份和地榆10份。
优选的,一种促进肛周脓肿、肛瘘术后创面愈合的中药的制备方法,按照重量份称量好中药组合物,加称量好中药组合物6-8倍饮用水浸泡40分钟,然后加热开锅后煎煮30分钟。
优选的,放置至室温过滤,滤液每200毫升装一袋;或滤液加热熬制90-120分钟,反复小火加热2—3次,熬成黏状,冷却至室温,得到外用中药膏药。
使用方法:取本发明200ml倒入坐浴盆中,用温开水1800mL稀释,待水温至38-42℃时嘱患者将患部伤口浸入药液中坐浴10-15分钟治疗,每日2次坐浴。
或每次换药时取适量膏药均匀涂于创面表面,外敷纱布,每日2次。
或将膏药敷设于纯棉布制作的药贴上,贴于患者伤口处。
本发明功效:清热解毒、消肿止痛、燥湿敛疮、祛腐生肌。
方解:
方中以黄连、黄柏为君,两者皆性苦寒,归大肠经,常共用凑清热燥湿,泻火解毒之效,用治痈肿疮疡;苦参、明矾、血竭为臣,共凑解毒消肿、燥湿敛疮之效,黄芪、当归、白芷为佐药,共凑排脓生肌、消肿止痛之功;五倍子、冰片为使药,共凑清热解毒、引药透达之功。纵观本方以黄连、黄柏清热解毒为主,臣以苦参、明矾、血竭燥湿敛疮为辅,局部坐浴可泻火解毒祛腐,使肛周脓肿局部火毒炽盛状态快速消散,腐肉脱落,佐以黄芪、当归、白芷扶正,有排脓生肌、消肿止痛之效,使局部邪气去;正气复,五倍子、冰片为使药,可加速药物吸收,使脓肿局部由火毒炽盛之热毒状态快速转变为邪去正复,生肌长肉之生肌状态,可有效加快脓肿创面腐肉脱落,新肉生发,从而达到促进创面愈合的效果。纵观本方,以苦寒之药配辛温之品,并以汤剂局部坐浴,既可清热解毒,消肿止痛,祛腐,又可生肌敛疮,达到祛邪而不伤正,扶正而不助邪之效。
加减用药:肛周局部红肿,热毒明显者,可加金银花、蒲公英,辅助君药加强清热解毒之效;创面分泌物较多,肉芽虚浮,夹杂湿邪者,可加地肤子、泽泻,增强臣药祛湿排脓之效,燥湿止痒;创面肉色灰淡而少红火、新肉生长缓慢者,可加白及、地榆,增强佐药生肌长肉之效,加快创面愈合。
其组方分析如下:
黄连:
性苦寒,归大肠经,有清热燥湿,泻火解毒之效,临床多用于治疗痈肿疔毒,多与黄柏搭配使用;
现代药理研究表明黄连有以下作用:1.抗病原体黄连可对葡萄球菌、链球菌、霍乱弧菌、炭疽杆菌等多种致病菌有较强的抗菌作用,呈现出低浓度抑菌,高浓度杀菌作用;2.抗细菌毒素黄连及小檗碱能提高机体对细菌内毒素的耐受能力;3.抗炎解热动物实验表明黄连还有抗炎解热作用,实验显示小檗碱对急慢性炎症均有抑制作用;4.抗溃疡黄连及小檗碱具有抗实验性胃溃疡作用,可能的机制是小檗碱可以抑制胃酸分泌,并对幽门螺杆菌有较强的抑菌作用;5.抗肿瘤黄连及小檗碱有抗肿瘤作用,小檗碱能通过抑制癌细胞呼吸,阻碍癌细胞嘌呤和核酸的合成,干扰癌细胞代谢等途径长生抗癌作用;另外黄连还具有抑制组织代谢等作用。
黄柏:
性苦寒,归大肠经,有清热燥湿,泻火解毒疗疮之效,治疗创疡肿毒,内服外用均可。
现代药理研究显示黄柏具有与黄连相似的抗病原微生物作用,另外黄柏提取物还具有降压、抗溃疡、降血糖及促进小鼠抗体生成等作用。
苦参:
性苦寒,归大肠经,可清热燥湿,治疗湿疹湿疡等,《神农本草经》云:主心腹气结,……,除痈肿。
现代药理研究显示苦参具有以下作用:1.抗病原体,1%苦参碱于体外对痢疾杆菌、大肠杆菌、变形杆菌、乙型溶血性链球菌及金黄色葡萄球菌均有明显的抑制作用。2.抗炎苦参水煎液及苦参碱均有显著的抗炎作用。3.解热苦参注射液或氧化苦参碱给正常大鼠腹腔注射,课时大鼠体温显著降低,产生降温作用;给家兔静脉注射,对四联菌苗引起的体温升高有明显的解热作用。
金银花:
甘、寒。归肺、心、胃经。具有清热解毒、疏风散热之功效。可以治疗痈肿疔疮,本品甘寒,清热解毒、消痈消肿,为治一切內痈外痈之要药。《本草纲目》:“一切风湿气,及诸肿毒、痈疽疥癣、杨梅诸恶疮。散热解毒。”
现代药理研究:1.抗病原微生物金银花局有广谱抗菌作用。在体外对多种格兰阳性菌如金黄色葡萄球菌、溶血性链球菌、肺炎球菌,革兰阴性菌如:痢疾杆菌、大肠杆菌、伤寒杆菌、百日咳杆菌、绿脓杆菌、脑膜炎双球菌、淋球菌等有不同程度的抑制作用。2.抗内毒素细菌释放的内毒素入血后,可引起全身毒血症状出现发热、头痛、白细胞增多等,金银花可减少内毒素引起的小鼠死亡,对内毒素引起的发热具有解热作用,并加速内毒素从血中清除。3.抗炎金银花对角叉菜胶和新鲜鸡蛋清引起的大鼠足部肿胀有明显的抑制作用,对大鼠巴豆油性肉芽囊肿也有抑制作用,能减少炎性渗出和肉芽增生。4.提高免疫功能,有报道认为,金银花能提高小鼠腹腔炎性细胞及外周血白细胞的吞噬能力,增加小鼠血清溶菌酶的活性,从而提高机体的非特异性免疫功能。
蒲公英:
苦、甘、寒。归肝,胃经。具有清热解毒,消肿散结,利湿通淋之功效。治痈肿疔毒、乳痈内痈;本品苦寒既能清解火热毒邪,又能泻降滞气,故为清热解毒、消肿散结之佳品,主治内外热毒疮疮诸症。《本草备要》:专治痈肿疔毒,亦为通淋妙品。
现代药理研究:1.本品煎剂或浸剂,对金黄色葡萄球菌、溶血性链球菌及卡他球菌有较强的抑制作用。对肺炎双球菌、绿脓杆菌及钩端螺旋体等也有一定的抑制作用。2.有抗内毒素作用。3.体外实验还提示本品能激发集体的免疫功能。
黄芪:
性甘,微温。归脾经。具有健脾补中、托毒、排脓、敛疮生肌之功效。《神农本草经》:主治痈疽,久败疮,排脓止痛……补虚。《日华子本草》记载:“助气壮筋骨,长肉补血”。
现代药理研究显示:黄芪能促进机体代谢、抗疲劳、促进血清和肝脏蛋白质的更新。具有广泛的抗菌作用。现代研究显示黄芪具有以下作用:1.增强机体免功能增强非特异性免疫功能,黄芪能显著增加血液中的白细胞总数,促进中性粒细胞及巨噬细胞的吞噬功能和杀菌能力。增强特异性免疫功能黄芪能增强细胞免疫。2.抗溃疡黄芪精对多种实验性动物胃溃疡均有抑制作用。可有效减少实验动物胃粘膜损伤面积,降低损伤指数。
当归:
性甘、辛、温,归脾经。有活血止痛,补血之功效,主治血虚诸证,跌打损伤、痈疽疮痒。《神农本草经》云:当归可治诸恶疮痒,金创。《本草纲目》云:治痈疽,排脓止痛,和血补血。《景岳全书·本草正》云:“当归,其味甘而重,故专能补血;其气轻而辛,故又能行血。补中有动,行中有补,诚血中之气药,亦血中之圣药也”。
现代药理研究显示当归还具有以下作用:1.促进造血功能当归能升高外周血红细胞、白细胞、血红蛋白等含量。对化药物、放射线照射引起的骨髓造血功能抑制,作用更为明显。当归多糖是当归促进造血功能的主要有效成分之一。2.抗血栓形成当归水煎剂口服能延长大鼠血浆凝血酶原时间及凝血活酶时间。急性脑血栓病人经当归治疗后,血液流变学特性明显改善,血液粘稠度降低,血浆纤维蛋白原含量降低,凝血酶原时间延长,红细胞及血小板电泳时间缩短。2.增强免疫动物实验显示当归水煎液可增强实验动物非特异性免疫、细胞免疫、体液免疫;此外,当归注射液对白细胞介素2的产生有明显的增强作用,能诱生细胞因子。3.抗损伤当归对神经损伤、肌肉萎缩及关节软骨损伤均有一定的保护作用。此外,当归及其有效成分还有抗炎、抗氧化、清除自由基等作用。
白芷:
性辛、温。归大肠经。可燥湿,消肿排脓。
现代药理研究示:白纸水煎剂对大肠杆菌、伤寒杆菌、绿脓杆菌有一定的抑制作用;还具有解热、抗炎、镇痛作用。
白及:
苦、甘、涩,寒。归肺、肝、胃经。收敛止血,消肿生肌。用于咯血,吐血,外伤出血,疮疡肿毒,皮肤皲裂。《神农本草经》:主痈肿恶疮,败疽,伤阴死肌,胃中邪气贼风鬼击,痱缓不收。
现代药理研究:1.止血白及促进凝血的机制可能与抑制纤维蛋白原溶解及轻度增强血小板因子Ⅲ的活性有关。2.抗菌作用白及所含的联苄类化合物在体外对革兰阳性菌,金黄色葡萄球菌,枯草杆菌,有很强的抑制作用。
地榆:
味苦、酸、涩,性寒;归肝、大肠经。有凉血止血,解毒敛疮的功效。用于便血、痔血、血痢、崩漏、水火烫伤、痈肿疮毒。本品苦寒能泻火解毒,味酸涩能敛疮,为治水火烫伤之要药。本品浓煎外洗可治疗湿疹及皮肤溃烂,或用纱布浸药外敷。本品清热凉血,又能解毒消肿,用治疮疡臃肿,无论成脓与否,均可应用。
现代药理研究:地榆煎剂可明显缩短出血和凝血时间。实验表明,地榆制剂对烧伤、烫伤及伤口的愈合有明显的作用,能降低毛细血管的通透性,减少渗出,减轻组织水肿且药物在创面形成一层保护膜,有收敛作用,可减少皮肤擦伤,防止感染。体外实验表明,地榆水煎剂对伤寒杆菌,脑膜炎,双球菌及钩端螺旋体等均有抑制作用,尤其对痢疾杆菌作用较强。
明矾:
性酸、涩、寒,归大肠经;外用解毒杀虫,燥湿止痒;《本草蒙荃》:“禁便泻,……,敷脓疮收水”。
现代药理研究表明明矾能强力凝固蛋白质,临床用可以消炎、止血;可广谱抗菌,对多种革兰阳性球菌和阴性杆菌具有不同程度的抑菌作用,对绿脓杆菌、大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌抑制明显。明矾还能促进溃疡愈合。
五倍子:
性酸、涩、寒,归大肠经;外用收湿敛疮,解毒消肿。《本草纲目》云:“治眼赤湿烂,消肿毒、喉痹,敛溃疡金创,收脱肛子肠坠下。”;“其味酸咸,能敛肺止血,化痰止咳收汗;其气寒,能散热毒疮肿;气性收,能除泻痢湿烂。”;
现代药理研究提示五倍子的主要成分没食子酸对蛋白质有沉淀作用,与皮肤、粘膜的溃疡面接触后,其组织蛋白质即被凝固,形成一层被摸而呈收敛作用。对金黄色葡萄球菌、白喉、绿脓等杆菌均有抑制作用。
苍术:
味辛、苦,性温。归脾、胃、肝经。燥湿健脾,祛风散寒,明目。用于湿阻中焦,脘腹胀满,泄泻,水肿,脚气痿蹙,风湿痹痛,风寒感冒,夜盲,眼目昏涩。可与其它清热燥湿药合用治疗下部湿浊带下、湿疮、湿疹等。苍术提取物具有消除耐药福氏痢疾杆菌R质粒的作用,能降低细菌耐药性的产生。
泽泻:
味甘、淡,性寒。归肾、膀胱经。利水渗湿,泄热,化浊降脂。
现代药理研究:泽泻水煎剂能明显减轻二甲苯引起的小鼠耳廓肿胀,抑制大鼠棉球肉芽组织增生,而呈现对急慢性炎症均有抑制作用。
血竭:
性甘、咸、平。归肝经。具有敛疮生肌之效。现代药理研究显示:血竭水提液对金黄色葡萄球菌、白色葡萄球菌及多种致病菌有不同程度的抑制作用。还具有一定的抗炎作用。冰片:
性辛、苦、微寒。归脾经。本品具有清热解毒、防腐生肌作用。冰片味辛,其性走窜,主要成分是龙脑。
现代药理研究显示冰片具有以下作用:1.抗炎冰片有很好的抗炎、消肿作用。其机理可能与拮抗前列腺素E(PGE)和抑制炎症介质释放有关。2.抗菌冰片有抗病原体作用,对多种细菌和真菌有效。体外实验证明,冰片和龙脑、异龙脑对金黄色葡萄球菌、链球菌、肺炎球菌、大肠杆菌等在试管内均有明显的抗菌作用。电镜观察证实,冰片可破坏真菌细胞结构,导致真菌溶解死亡。3.镇痛动物实验和临床用药证明,冰片有镇痛作用。冰片对豚鼠激光烧伤创面有抗炎、镇痛作用。临床治疗证明,冰片对激光切割痔疮后的创面痛有镇痛作用。4.促进其他药物吸收给大鼠灌胃冰片5mg/kg,能明显提高川芎嗪的有效成分四甲基吡嗪的生物利用度和血药浓度。冰片也能提高庆大霉素的血药浓度。冰片广泛添加于各种外用制剂中,以促进其他药物的透皮吸收,提高临床疗效,降低副作用。
附图说明
图1-1为本发明实施例一本发明使用前患者检测数据图;
图1-2为本发明实施例一本发明使用后患者检测数据图;
图2-1为本发明实施例二本发明使用前患者检测数据图;
图2-2为本发明实施例二本发明使用后患者检测数据图;
图3-1为本发明实施例三本发明使用前患者检测数据图;
图3-2为本发明实施例三本发明使用后患者检测数据图;
图4-1为本发明实施例四本发明使用前患者检测数据图;
图4-2为本发明实施例四本发明使用后患者检测数据图;
图5-1为本发明实施例五本发明使用前患者检测数据图;
图5-2为本发明实施例五本发明使用后患者检测数据图;
图6-1为本发明实施例六本发明使用前患者检测数据图;
图6-2为本发明实施例六本发明使用后患者检测数据图;
图7-1为本发明实施例七本发明使用前患者检测数据图;
图7-2为本发明实施例七本发明使用后患者检测数据图;
图8-1为本发明实施例八本发明使用前患者检测数据图;
图8-2为本发明实施例八本发明使用后患者检测数据图;
图9-1为本发明实施例九本发明使用前患者检测数据图;
图10-1为本发明实施例十本发明使用前患者检测数据图;
图10-2为本发明实施例十本发明使用后患者检测数据图。
具体实施方式
实施例一
一种促进肛周脓肿、肛瘘术后创面愈合的中药及其制备方法,包括以下重量份的中药组合物:黄连12g、黄柏12g、苦参12g、黄芪15g、当归15g、白芷12g、血竭3g、五倍子10g、明矾10g、冰片3g。
实施例二
一种促进肛周脓肿、肛瘘术后创面愈合的中药及其制备方法,包括以下重量份的中药组合物:黄连11g、黄柏13g、苦参12g、黄芪16g、当归14g、白芷11g、血竭3g、五倍子11g、明矾9g、冰片4g。
实施例三
一种促进肛周脓肿、肛瘘术后创面愈合的中药及其制备方法,包括以下重量份的中药组合物:黄连12g、黄柏11g、苦参13g、黄芪14g、当归16g、白芷13g、血竭2g、五倍子9g、明矾10g、冰片2g。
实施例四
一种促进肛周脓肿、肛瘘术后创面愈合的中药及其制备方法,包括以下重量份的中药组合物:黄连13g、黄柏12g、苦参11g、黄芪15g、当归15g、白芷11g、血竭4g、五倍子10g、明矾11g、冰片4g。
实施例五
一种促进肛周脓肿、肛瘘术后创面愈合的中药及其制备方法,包括以下重量份的中药组合物:黄连12g、黄柏12g、苦参12g、黄芪15g、当归15g、白芷12g、血竭3g、五倍子10g、明矾10g、冰片3g、金银花20g、蒲公英15g。
实施例六
一种促进肛周脓肿、肛瘘术后创面愈合的中药及其制备方法,包括以下重量份的中药组合物:黄连12g、黄柏12g、苦参12g、黄芪15g、当归15g、白芷12g、血竭3g、五倍子10g、明矾10g、冰片3g、泽泻10g、苍术12g。
实施例七
一种促进肛周脓肿、肛瘘术后创面愈合的中药及其制备方法,包括以下重量份的中药组合物:黄连12g、黄柏12g、苦参12g、黄芪15g、当归15g、白芷12g、血竭3g、五倍子10g、明矾10g、冰片3g、白及10g、地榆10g。
实施例一、实施例三至实施例六的制备方法如下:
按照重量份称量好中药组合物,加称量好中药组合物6-8倍饮用水浸泡40分钟,开锅后煎煮30分钟,放置至室温,过滤,装袋,每袋200毫升,室温为5-40℃。
实施例二和实施例七的制备方法如下:
按照重量份称量好中药组合物,加称量好中药组合物6-8倍饮用水浸泡40分钟,开锅后煎煮30分钟,过滤,滤液加热熬制90-120分钟,反复小火加热2—3次,熬成黏状,冷却至室温,得到外用中药膏药。
病案一、聂XX,男,26岁,个体经营者。患者主因肛周憋胀疼痛伴发热2天入院。主要症状:肛周憋胀疼痛,程度较重,大便排出欠畅,小便排出困难,无发热,无咳嗽,无乏力,无腹痛,有肛门下坠感,纳可,夜寐欠安,精神尚可。专科检查:(膝胸位)视诊:肛门外观12-2点位红肿,约3*3cm大小,未见外口、裂口。指诊:肛门后侧触痛明显,食指入肛内可触后侧肠壁饱满,12点位齿线处可触及一硬结,未及直肠肿物,指套退出无染血。镜检:因痛拒查。入院西医诊断为:肛周脓肿,中医辨证为:肛痈辨证为热毒炽盛证。完善相关检查,无明显手术禁忌,在骶麻下行肛周脓肿切开引流、高位肛瘘切除挂线术,术后给予抗炎药物静点治疗。中医治疗以清热解毒、祛腐生肌治疗为大法,每日便后予中药实施例四坐浴,患者伤口生长良好,如期愈合,无并发症。检测数据见图1-1和1-2。
病案二、刘XX,男49岁,农民。患者主因肛周肿物憋胀疼痛4天,破溃流脓1天入院。主要症状:肛周肿物憋胀疼痛,程度较重,伴破溃流脓,大便排出欠畅,小便排出困难,无发热,无咳嗽,无乏力,无腹痛,有肛门下坠感,纳可,夜寐欠安,精神尚可。专科检查:(膝胸位)视诊:肛门外观12-3点位红肿,1点位距肛缘约3cm处可见一破溃口,有脓性分泌物流出,3、5点位肿物脱出,可见跨齿线痔结节,未见外口、裂口。指诊:肛门肿物触痛明显,食指入肛内可触及后侧肠壁饱满,1点位齿线处可触及一硬结,未及直肠肿物,肛门略松弛,指套退出无染血。镜检:因痛拒查。入院西医诊断为:肛周脓肿、肛瘘、混合痔,中医辨证为:肛痈辨证为热毒炽盛证。完善相关检查,无明显手术禁忌,在骶麻下行肛周脓肿切开引流、高位肛瘘切除挂线、外痔切除术,术后给予抗炎药物静点。中医治疗以清热解毒、消肿止痛、燥湿敛疮、祛腐生肌治疗为大法,每日便后予中药实施例一坐浴,患者伤口生长良好,如期愈合,无并发症。检测数据见图2-1和2-2。
病案三、杨X,男,34岁,公务员。患者主因肛门右侧憋胀疼痛5天,加重2天入院。主要症状:肛门右侧突起肿物,憋胀疼痛,大便日行1-2次,便质可,有发热,体温39.0℃,无畏寒,无咳嗽,无乏力,无腹痛,小便欠畅,纳可,夜寐欠安,精神尚可。专科检查:(胸膝位)视诊:肛周12-4点皮肤红肿,约5*4cm大小,未见裂口及外口。指诊:肛门右侧触痛明显,皮温偏高,食指入肛内肛门疼痛,指诊不满意。镜检:因疼痛拒查。入院西医诊断为:肛周脓肿,中医辨证为:肛痈辨证为热毒炽盛证。完善相关检查,无明显手术禁忌,在骶麻下行肛周脓肿切开引流、高位肛瘘切除挂线术,术后给予抗炎药物静点。中医治疗以清热解毒、消肿止痛、祛腐生肌治疗为大法,患者伤口分泌物较多,每次换药时取实施例二膏药均匀涂于创面表面,外敷纱布,每日2次,经治疗,患者伤口生长良好,如期愈合,无并发症。检测数据见图3-1和3-2。
病案四、远X,男,48岁,个体经营者。患者主因肛门左侧憋胀疼痛4天入院。主要症状:肛门左侧突起肿物,憋胀疼痛,大便日行1-2次,质软成型,无发热畏寒,无咳嗽,无乏力,无腹痛,小便利,纳可,夜寐欠安,精神尚可。专科检查:(胸膝位)视诊:肛周7-12点皮肤红肿,约5*5cm大小,未见裂口及外口。指诊:肛门左侧触痛明显,皮温偏高,表面质硬,食指入肛内肛门疼痛明显,指诊不满意。镜检:因疼痛拒查。患者既往有糖尿病病史,未服用药物,未饮食控制,血糖较高。西医诊断为:肛周脓肿、2型糖尿病,中医辨证为:肛痈辨证为热毒炽盛证。完善相关检查,无明显手术禁忌,在骶麻下行肛周脓肿切开引流、高位肛瘘切除挂线术,术后给予抗炎药物静点,降糖药物口服。中医治疗以清热解毒、祛腐生肌治疗为大法,患者有糖尿病,血糖较高,伤口腐肉较多、分泌物较多,给予糖尿病健康教育,降糖药物控制血糖,配合每日中药实施例六坐浴3次,伤口常规换药,经治疗,患者伤口腐肉快速脱落、分泌物减少,生长良好,如期愈合,无并发症。检测数据见图4-1和4-2。
病案五、杜XX,男,50岁,教师。患者主因肛门右侧憋胀疼痛2天入院。主要症状:肛门右侧突起肿物,憋胀疼痛,大便日行1-2次,质偏稀,无发热畏寒,无咳嗽,无乏力,无腹痛,小便利,有肛门下坠感,纳可,夜寐欠安,精神尚可。专科检查:(胸膝位)视诊:肛周1-4点皮肤红肿,约3*3cm大小,9、11点位可见肿物脱出,可见跨齿线痔结节,未见裂口及外口。指诊:肛门右侧触痛明显,皮温偏高,质偏硬,食指入肛内肛门疼痛明显,指诊不满意。镜检:因疼痛拒查。入院西医诊断为:肛周脓肿、混合痔,中医辨证为:肛痈辨证为火毒蕴结证。完善相关检查,无明显手术禁忌,在骶麻下行肛周脓肿切开引流、高位肛瘘切除挂线、混合痔外剥内扎术,术后给予抗炎药物静点。中医治疗以清热解毒、消肿止痛、祛腐生肌治疗为大法,每日便后予中药实施例三坐浴,常规换药,患者伤口生长良好,如期愈合,无并发症。检测数据见图5-1和5-2。
病案六、李XX,男,33岁,公务员。患者主因肛门右前侧肿痛6天,加重伴发热1天入院。主要症状:肛门右前侧突起肿物,憋胀疼痛,大便日行1-2次,质偏稀,伴发热,体温最高达38.5℃,无腹痛,小便利,有肛门下坠感,纳可,夜寐欠安,精神可。专科检查:(胸膝位)视诊:肛周3-7点皮肤红肿,约6*5cm大小,未见裂口及外口。指诊:肛门右前侧触痛明显,5点位肛缘触之有波动感,皮温偏高,食指入肛内肛门疼痛明显,指诊不满意。镜检:因疼痛拒查。西医诊断为:肛周脓肿,中医辨证为:肛痈辨证为热毒炽盛证。完善相关检查,无明显手术禁忌,在骶麻下行肛周脓肿切开引流、高位肛瘘切除挂线术,术后给予抗炎药物静点。中医治疗以清热解毒、消肿止痛、祛腐生肌治疗为大法,每日便后予中药实施例五坐浴,常规换药,患者伤口生长良好,如期愈合,无并发症。检测数据见图6-1和6-2。
病案七、焦XX,男,36岁,职员。患者主因肛周憋胀疼痛2周,加重伴发热3天入院。主要症状:肛门右后侧突起肿物,憋胀疼痛,大便日行1次,量少,伴发热,体温最高达39.3℃,无腹痛,小便利,有肛门下坠感,纳可,夜寐欠安,精神可。专科检查:(胸膝位)视诊:肛周3-7点皮肤红肿,约6*5cm大小,未见裂口及外口。指诊:肛门右前侧触痛明显,5点位肛缘触之有波动感,皮温偏高,食指入肛内肛门疼痛明显,指诊不满意。镜检:因疼痛拒查。患者入院前于当地诊所静点抗生素1周。西医诊断为:肛周脓肿,中医辨证为:肛痈辨证为热毒炽盛证。完善相关检查,无明显手术禁忌,在骶麻下行肛周脓肿切开引流、高位肛瘘切除挂线术,术中探查发现患者脓腔侵及右侧坐骨直肠间隙、直肠后深间隙,脓液较多,排出脓液约80ml,创面面积较大,腐肉较多,术后给予抗炎药物静点。手术当日患者体温即恢复正常;中医治疗以清热解毒、消肿止痛、祛腐生肌治疗为大法,每日便后予中药实施例五坐浴,日3次,常规换药,患者脓腔腐肉快速脱落,伤口生长良好,如期愈合,无并发症。检测数据见图7-1和7-2。
病案八、邸XX,男,62岁,退休。患者主因肛门直肠憋胀疼痛4天入院。主要症状:肛门后侧憋胀疼痛,大便日行1次,成型软便,无发热畏寒,无腹痛,小便可,有肛门下坠感,纳可,夜寐欠安,精神尚可。专科检查:(胸膝位)视诊:肛周9点位可见一陈旧性手术瘢痕,肛周皮肤色泽正常,未见裂口及外口。指诊:肛周11点位轻压痛,皮温偏高,未及明显波动感,食指入肛内,肛门疼痛明显,可触及直肠左后壁距肛门约4cm处粘膜饱满,触痛明显,指诊不满意。镜检:因疼痛拒查。患者既往有肛周脓肿切开引流手术史。西医诊断为:肛周脓肿,中医辨证为:肛痈辨证为热毒炽盛证。完善相关检查,无明显手术禁忌,在骶麻下行肛周脓肿切开引流、高位肛瘘切除挂线术,术中排出脓液约60ml,脓腔腐肉较多,术后给予抗炎药物静点。中医治疗以清热解毒、消肿止痛、祛腐生肌治疗为大法,每日便后予中药实施例七,将膏药敷设于纯棉布制作的药贴上,贴于患者伤口处,每日两次,患者脓腔腐肉快速脱落,肉芽新鲜,伤口生长良好,如期愈合,无并发症。检测数据见图8-1和8-2。
病案九、牛XX,男,33岁,职员。患者主因肛内憋胀疼痛不适3天入院。主要症状:肛内憋胀疼痛,大便日行3-4次,质散不成型,无便血,有肛门下坠感,体温可,无腹痛,小便利,纳可,夜欠安可,精神尚可。专科检查:(胸膝位)视诊:肛门外观未见异常。指诊:食指入肛可触及肛内6点位黏膜饱满,压痛明显,无指套染脓血。镜检:患者因疼痛拒查。西医诊断为:肛周脓肿,中医辨证为:肛痈辨证为热毒炽盛证。完善相关检查,无明显手术禁忌,在骶麻下行肛周脓肿切开引流、高位肛瘘切除术,患者既往有乙型病毒性肝炎病史,脓腔腐肉较多,分泌物较多,术后给予抗炎药物静点。中医治疗以清热解毒、消肿止痛、祛腐生肌治疗为大法,每日便后予中药实施例三坐浴,日2次,常规换药,患者脓腔腐肉快速脱落,肉芽新鲜,伤口生长良好,如期愈合,无并发症。检测数据见图9-1。
病案十、杨XX,男,67岁,个体经营者。患者主因肛门右侧憋胀疼痛4天,加重2天。主要症状:肛门右侧憋胀疼痛,大便日行1次,无发热畏寒,无腹痛,小便利,有肛门下坠感,纳可,夜寐欠安,精神尚可。专科检查:(胸膝位)视诊:肛周1-4点皮肤红肿,约6*4cm大小,未见裂口及外口。指诊:肛门右侧触痛明显,皮温偏高,食指入肛内肛门疼痛,直肠后壁饱满,指诊不满意。镜检:因疼痛拒查。西医诊断为:肛周脓肿,中医辨证为:肛痈辨证为热毒炽盛证。完善相关检查,无明显手术禁忌,在骶麻下行肛周脓肿切开引流、高位肛瘘切除挂线术,术后给予抗炎药物静点。中医治疗以清热解毒、祛腐生肌治疗为大法,患者伤口创面较大,分泌物较多,每次换药时取实施例七膏药均匀涂于创面表面,外敷纱布,每日2次,经治疗,患者伤口生长良好,如期愈合,无并发症。检测数据见图10-1和10-2。
Claims (10)
1.一种促进肛周脓肿、肛瘘术后创面愈合的中药,其特征在于,包括以下重量份的中药组合物:
黄连11-13份、黄柏11-13份、苦参11-13份、黄芪14-16份、当归14-16份、白芷11-13份、血竭2-4份、五倍子9-11份、明矾9-11份和冰片2-4份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种促进肛周脓肿、肛瘘术后创面愈合的中药,其特征在于,包括以下重量份的中药组合物:
黄连12份、黄柏12份、苦参12份、黄芪15份、当归15份、白芷12份、血竭3份、五倍子10份、明矾10份和冰片3份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种促进肛周脓肿、肛瘘术后创面愈合的中药,其特征在于,还包括以下重量份的中药:金银花19-21份和蒲公英14-16份。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种促进肛周脓肿、肛瘘术后创面愈合的中药,其特征在于,还包括以下重量份的中药:金银花20份和蒲公英15份。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种促进肛周脓肿、肛瘘术后创面愈合的中药,其特征在于,还包括以下重量份的中药:泽泻9-11份和苍术11-13份。
6.根据权利要求2所述的一种促进肛周脓肿、肛瘘术后创面愈合的中药,其特征在于,还包括以下重量份的中药:泽泻10份和苍术12份。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种促进肛周脓肿、肛瘘术后创面愈合的中药,其特征在于,还包括以下重量份的中药:白及9-11份和地榆9-11份。
8.根据权利要求2所述的一种促进肛周脓肿、肛瘘术后创面愈合的中药,其特征在于,还包括以下重量份的中药:白及10份和地榆10份。
9.根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的一种促进肛周脓肿、肛瘘术后创面愈合的中药的制备方法,其特征在于,按照重量份称量好中药组合物,加称量好中药组合物6-8倍饮用水浸泡40分钟,然后加热开锅后煎煮30分钟。
10.根据权利要求9所述的一种促进肛周脓肿、肛瘘术后创面愈合的中药的制备方法,其特征在于,放置至室温过滤,滤液每200毫升装一袋;或滤液加热熬制90-120分钟,反复小火加热2—3次,熬成黏状,冷却至室温,得到外用中药膏药。
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