CN116640436A - 硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN116640436A
CN116640436A CN202310643033.7A CN202310643033A CN116640436A CN 116640436 A CN116640436 A CN 116640436A CN 202310643033 A CN202310643033 A CN 202310643033A CN 116640436 A CN116640436 A CN 116640436A
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韩军祥
刘永强
王辉
韩成刚
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Dandong Hengxin Polyurethane Technology Co ltd
Shijiazhuang Sunion Macromolecule Materials Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供一种硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料及其制备方法,属于材料技术领域,所述制备方法是取聚醚多元醇与耐低温硅橡胶混合,升温后超声分散,然后边自然降温边加入改性凹凸棒土、高岭土、发泡剂、增塑剂、扩链剂、聚磷酸铵、抗氧剂DNP和抗紫外线剂混匀,经发泡、熟化、固化,制得所述硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料;其中所述发泡剂是利用常压气凝胶粉体和超临界气凝胶粉体制成。本发明利用不同粒径、比表面积和介孔结构的常压气凝胶粉体和超临界气凝胶粉体共同作为二氧化硅气凝胶,添加至硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料中,以改变硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料的结构和性能,从而提高其韧性、抗拉伸性及阻燃性,防止其断裂。

Description

硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种发泡材料的制备,尤其涉及一种硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
硬泡聚氨酯发泡材料具有结构可设计等优点,广泛运用于各个场合。为了改善硬泡聚氨酯发泡材料的泡孔结构,提高其力学、隔热、阻燃等性能,常常将聚氨酯与各种无机填料复合,制备硬泡聚氨酯发泡材料。气溶胶二氧化硅可以通过气相法、溶胶-凝胶法等手段大量制备,且粒径大、范围可调,可以利用其表面氢键进行表面改性。研究发现,将气溶胶二氧化硅加至聚氨酯发泡材料中,能够明显增强聚氨酯发泡材料的韧性、阻燃性和抗拉伸性。但在制备硬泡聚氨酯发泡材料过程中,由于气溶胶二氧化硅粒子粒径较小,分散较为困难,制成的聚氨酯发泡材料均一性较差,易发生断裂。同时,由于不同制备方法获得的气凝胶二氧化硅的均一性、比表面积及介孔结构等存在明显不同,这也导致其自身的结构对聚氨酯发泡材料的结构和性能产生不同程度的影响。
发明内容
针对上述问题,本发明提供一种硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料及其制备方法。
为实现上述目的,本发明所采用的技术方案为:
一种硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料,以重量份数计,制成所述硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料的原料包括:
聚醚多元醇60~70份、耐低温硅橡胶8~12份、改性凹凸棒土8~12份、高岭土8~10份、发泡剂1~3份、增塑剂2~4份、扩链剂5~7份、聚磷酸铵3~5份、抗氧化剂DNP 1~3份、苯并三唑类紫外线吸收剂1~3份;
所述的扩链剂为1,4-丁二醇和/或1,6-己二醇;
增塑剂为磷酸三苯酯、磷酸三甲苯酯、磷酸三辛酯中的至少一种;
所述发泡剂的制备过程包括以下步骤:
取重量比为4~5:1的常压气凝胶粉体和超临界气凝胶粉体共同作为二氧化硅气凝胶,混匀后,加入少量水均质,得气凝胶混合物;
取重量比为2~2.5:1的聚乙二醇400和吐温-40作为助剂加至水中,均质,得助剂混合物;
取重量比为2:0.75~1:0.75~1的气凝胶混合物、助剂混合物和聚二甲基硅油加至环戊烷中,高速研磨分散,即得所述发泡剂;
所述气凝胶混合物与环戊烷的重量比为2:5~6。
进一步的,所述常压气凝胶粉体是取硅酸四乙酯、甲基三乙氧基硅烷及甲基三甲氧基硅烷作为硅源,与乙醇及水混匀后,先滴加乙酸,再滴加盐酸调节pH值至2.5~3.0,进行水解反应,然后滴加氨水调节pH值至7.6~7.8,进行凝胶缩聚反应,所得二氧化硅凝胶置于无水乙醇中,进行第一次老化,再次置于异丙醇中,进行第二次老化,所得醇凝胶经四次孔液置换后,置于含三甲基氯硅烷的正己烷溶液中,浸泡进行表面改性,最后经清洗、干燥制得。
进一步的,所述常压气凝胶粉体制备过程中,所述硅酸四乙酯、甲基三乙氧基硅烷及甲基三甲氧基硅烷三者之间的摩尔比为2:0.8~1:0.2~0.4;
所述硅源与乙酸、乙醇和水的摩尔比为3.2:0.8~1:16~19.2:6.4~9.6。
进一步的,所述常压气凝胶粉体制备过程中,所述醇凝胶经四次孔液置换是先将醇凝胶置于异丙醇中对凝胶内部的孔液进行第一次孔液置换,再用体积比为2:1的异丙醇和正己烷的混合液进行第二次孔液置换,然后用体积比为1:2的异丙醇和正己烷的混合液进行第三次孔液置换,最后再用正己烷进行第四次孔液置换;
所述含三甲基氯硅烷的正己烷溶液中三甲基氯硅烷的浓度为10vol%。
进一步的,所述常压气凝胶粉体制备过程中,所述水解反应的温度为室温、时间为30~40min;
所述凝胶缩聚反应的温度为30~35℃、时间为2~3h;
所述第一次老化的温度为50~55℃、时间为10~12h;
所述第二次老化的温度为50~55℃、时间为24~28h;
所述表面改性的温度为室温、时间为48~50h;
所述清洗采用正己烷作为溶剂进行表面清洗。
进一步的,所述超临界气凝胶粉体是取硅酸四乙酯、甲基三乙氧基硅烷及甲基三甲氧基硅烷作为硅源,与乙醇及水混匀后,先滴加乙酸,再滴加盐酸调节pH值至2.5~3.0,进行水解反应,然后滴加氨水至pH值为7.6~7.8,进行凝胶缩聚反应,所得二氧化硅凝胶置于无水乙醇中,进行第一次老化,再次置于异丙醇中,进行第二次老化,所得醇凝胶经超临界萃取制得。
进一步的,所述超临界气凝胶粉体制备过程中,所述超临界萃取的介质为乙醇、萃取温度为520~580℃、压力为30~35MPa。
进一步的,所述超临界气凝胶粉体制备过程中,所述硅酸四乙酯、甲基三乙氧基硅烷及甲基三甲氧基硅烷三者之间的摩尔比为2:0.8~1:0.2~0.4;
所述硅源与乙酸、乙醇和水的摩尔比为3.2:0.8~1:16~19.2:6.4~9.6。
进一步的,所述超临界气凝胶粉体制备过程中,所述水解反应的温度为室温、时间为30~40min;
所述凝胶缩聚反应的温度为30~35℃、时间为2~3h;
所述第一次老化的温度为50~55℃、时间为10~12h;
所述第二次老化的温度为50~55℃、时间为10~12h。
一种上述硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料的制备方法,所述制备方法是取聚醚多元醇与耐低温硅橡胶混合后,升温至90~95℃,超声分散,然后边自然降温边加入改性凹凸棒土、高岭土、发泡剂、增塑剂、扩链剂、聚磷酸铵、抗氧剂DNP和抗紫外线剂混匀,降温至28~30℃发泡28~30min,再升温至60~65℃熟化为3~4h,然后降温至20℃以下固化3~4h,制得所述硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料。
本发明的硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料及其制备方法的有益效果为:
由于聚氨酯发泡材料的宏观性能由孔单元的性能决定,而孔单元的性能主要由孔棱的化学性质、孔结构等决定,由于二氧化硅气凝胶分子状态呈三维链状结构,不同方法制成的二氧化硅气凝胶表面存在的不同键合状态的羟基量不同,使得二氧化硅气凝胶进入聚合物的分散能力和成核效应有所不同,进而对泡孔结构(包括孔径、开孔率等)和力学性能、隔热性能等产生差异性影响,本发明利用不同粒径、比表面积和介孔结构的二氧化硅气凝胶相互配合,成功提高了二氧化硅气凝胶进入聚合物的分散能力和成核效应,进而提高了硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料的各项性能;
本发明利用不同粒径、比表面积和介孔结构的常压气凝胶粉体和超临界气凝胶粉体共同作为二氧化硅气凝胶,添加至硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料中,以改变硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料的结构和性能,从而提高其韧性、抗拉伸性、耐磨性及阻燃性,防止其断裂;
本发明利用不同粒径、比表面积和介孔结构的二氧化硅气凝胶与特定用量的助剂、聚二甲基硅油及环戊烷相互配合制成发泡剂,使得二氧化硅气凝胶均匀分散在所得发泡剂体系中,进而保证二氧化硅气凝胶均匀分散在硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料中,从而有效提升硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料的韧性和抗拉伸性;
本发明通过在硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料中添加特定结构的二氧化硅气凝胶和聚磷酸铵,通过两者相互配合,有效提高了硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料的抗阻燃性能;
本发明通过采用不同的方法,以硅酸四乙酯、甲基三乙氧基硅烷及甲基三甲氧基硅作为硅源,在制备二氧化硅气凝胶过程中引入特定比例的甲基、甲氧基和乙氧基,使材料出现多级孔结构,增大气凝胶的比表面积和孔体积,进而提高材料的吸附容量,使其对多种有机物均有良好的吸附效果;通过采用特定的硅源,配合特定的工艺参数,制成不同粒径、比表面积和介孔结构的常压气凝胶粉体和超临界气凝胶粉体,并通过常压气凝胶粉体和超临界气凝胶粉体之间的比例关系,以使其混合成的二氧化硅气凝胶均匀分散在硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料中,并达到提高硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料性能的目的;
本发明的工艺路线简单,操作方便,适合工业化生产。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本发明,但是本发明还可以采用其他不同于在此描述的其它方式来实施,本领域技术人员可以在不违背本发明内涵的情况下做类似推广,因此本发明不受下面公开的具体实施例的限制。
实施例1一种硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料的制备方法
本实施例为一种硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料的制备方法,具体包括以下步骤:
1)常压气凝胶粉体的制备
11)凝胶的制备:取416.66g(2mol)硅酸四乙酯、178.3g(1mol)甲基三乙氧基硅烷、27.24g(0.2mol)甲基三甲氧基硅烷、737.12g(16mol)乙醇和115.2g(6.4mol)水混合,充分搅拌混匀后,先边搅拌边滴加60.05g(1mol)乙酸,再滴加10wt%的盐酸调节pH值至2.5~3.0(本实施例中调节pH值至2.5),室温搅拌进行水解反应30~40min(本实施例中水解反应30min),然后滴加10wt%的氨水调节pH值至7.6~7.8(本实施例中调节pH值为7.7),搅拌均匀后,于30~35℃静置进行凝胶缩聚反应2~3h(本实施例中凝胶缩聚反应的温度为30℃、时间为2.5h),得二氧化硅凝胶;
12)老化:取二氧化硅凝胶置于无水乙醇中,于50~55℃进行第一次老化10~12h(本实施例中第一次老化的温度为50℃、时间为10h),再次置于异丙醇中,于50~55℃进行第二次老化24~28h(本实施例中第一次老化的温度为50℃、时间为24h),得醇凝胶;
13)孔液置换:取醇凝胶置于异丙醇中对凝胶内部的孔液进行第一次孔液置换,再用体积比为2:1的异丙醇和正己烷的混合液进行第二次孔液置换,然后用体积比为1:2的异丙醇和正己烷的混合液进行第三次孔液置换,最后再用正己烷进行第四次孔液置换,得凝胶;
14)表面改性:取凝胶置于含10vol%三甲基氯硅烷的正己烷溶液(即表面改性液)中,室温浸泡进行表面改性48~50h(本实施例中表面改性48h),得改性凝胶。
15)清洗、干燥:改性凝胶采用正己烷作为溶剂进行表面清洗,去除残留在表面的表面改性液,然后置于60℃烘箱中烘干,即得常压气凝胶粉体,标记为CY1。
2)超临界气凝胶粉体的制备
21)凝胶的制备:取416.66g(2mol)硅酸四乙酯、178.3g(1mol)甲基三乙氧基硅烷、27.24g(0.2mol)甲基三甲氧基硅烷、737.12g(16mol)乙醇和36g(2mol)水混合,充分搅拌混匀后,先边搅拌边滴加60.05g(1mol)乙酸,再滴加10wt%的盐酸调节pH值至2.5~3.0(本实施例中调节pH值至2.5),室温搅拌进行水解反应30~40min(本实施例中水解反应30min),然后滴加10wt%的氨水调节pH值至7.6~7.8(本实施例中调节pH值为7.7),搅拌均匀后,于30~35℃静置进行凝胶缩聚反应2~3h(本实施例中凝胶缩聚反应的温度为30℃、时间为2.5h),得二氧化硅凝胶;
22)老化:取二氧化硅凝胶置于无水乙醇中,于50~55℃进行第一次老化10~12h(本实施例中第一次老化的温度为50℃、时间为10h),再次置于异丙醇中,于50~55℃进行第二次老化24~28h(本实施例中第一次老化的温度为50℃、时间为24h),得醇凝胶;
23)超临界萃取:取醇凝胶进行超临界萃取,萃取介质为乙醇,萃取温度为520~580℃、压力为30~35MPa(本实施例中萃取温度为550℃、压力为32MPa),超临界萃取完成后,即得超临界气凝胶粉体,标记为CL1。
3)硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料的制备
31)气凝胶混合物的制备:取5g常压气凝胶粉体CY1和1g超临界气凝胶粉体CL1共同作为二氧化硅气凝胶,混匀后,加入12g水均质,得气凝胶混合物,标记为QH1;
32)助剂混合物的制备:取2g聚乙二醇400和1g吐温-40加至8g水中,均质,得助剂混合物,标记为ZH1;
33)发泡剂的制备:取2g气凝胶混合物QH1、0.75g助剂混合物ZH1和1g聚二甲基硅油加至6g环戊烷中,高速研磨分散2h,得发泡剂,标记为F1;
34)硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料的制备:取65g聚醚多元三醇(本实施例中采用聚醚三醇)与10g耐低温硅橡胶混合后,升温至90~95℃(本实施例中升温至90℃),超声分散,然后边自然降温边加入10g改性凹凸棒土、9g高岭土、2g发泡剂F1、3g增塑剂(本实施例中采用磷酸三苯酯)、6g扩链剂(本实施例中采用1,4-丁二醇)、4g聚磷酸铵、2g抗氧剂DNP和2g苯并三唑类紫外线吸收剂(本实施例中采用Fisorb 328)搅拌混匀,自然降温至28~30℃发泡28~30min(本实施例中发泡的温度为28℃、发泡的时间为30min),再升温至60~65℃熟化为3~4h(本实施例中熟化的温度为60℃、时间为3h),然后降温至20℃以下固化3~4h(本实施例中固化的温度为20℃、时间为3h),即得硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料,标记为YP1。
实施例2~5硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料的制备方法
实施例2~5分别为一种硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料的制备方法,它们的步骤与实施例1基本相同,不同之处仅在于工艺参数的不同,具体详见表1:
表1实施例2~5中各项工艺参数一览表
实施例2~5其它部分的工艺步骤和参数与实施例1相同。
实验例1对比试验
对比例1~7为实施例1中硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料的制备方法的对比试验,采用工艺和原料用量也基本相同,不同之处仅在于:
对比例1的步骤31)中采用1g常压气凝胶粉体CY1和1g超临界气凝胶粉体CL1共同作为二氧化硅气凝胶,混匀后,加入4g水均质,得气凝胶混合物,标记为DQH1;利用气凝胶混合物DQH1制得的硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料,标记为DYP1。
对比例2的步骤31)中采用10g常压气凝胶粉体CY1和1g超临界气凝胶粉体CL1,混匀后,加入22g水均质,得气凝胶混合物,标记为DQH2;利用气凝胶混合物DQH2制得的硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料,标记为DYP2。
对比例3的步骤11)和步骤21)中,均以摩尔比为2:0.1:0.1的硅酸四乙酯、甲基三乙氧基硅烷及甲基三甲氧基硅烷作为硅源,来制备二氧化硅凝胶,最终制得的硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料,标记为DYP3。
对比例4的步骤11)和步骤21)中,均以摩尔比为2:2:1的硅酸四乙酯、甲基三乙氧基硅烷及甲基三甲氧基硅烷作为硅源,来制备二氧化硅凝胶,最终制得的硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料,标记为DYP4。
对比例5的步骤11)和步骤21)中,均硅源与乙酸的摩尔比为3.2:0.3的用量计算滴加的乙酸用量,之后再用10wt%的盐酸调节pH值至2.5,来制备二氧化硅凝胶,最终制得的硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料,标记为DYP5。
对比例6的步骤11)和步骤21)中,均硅源与乙酸的摩尔比为3.2:2的用量计算滴加的乙酸用量,之后再用少量的10wt%的盐酸调节pH值至2.5,来制备二氧化硅凝胶,最终制得的硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料,标记为DYP6。
对比例7的步骤11)和步骤21)中,均采用10wt%的氨水调节pH至8.5,来制备二氧化硅凝胶,最终制得的硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料,标记为DYP7。
取实施例1和对比例1~7制备的硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料YP1和DYP1~DYP7作为样品进行如下性能测试,具体结果见表2:
样品分别依据GB/T10294-2008测试导热系数,依据GJB1585-93测试拉伸性能和压缩性能,依据GB/T8333-2008测试燃烧性能。
表2性能测试结果一览表
由表2可以看出,利用本发明的配方制备的硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料具有很低的导热系数、良好的保温性能好、优异的阻燃性能、良好的抗拉能力和断裂能力,并且具有良好的稳定性和安全性(见压缩强度参数)。本发明制备的硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料是一种各项性能优异的白料,适用范围极广。
显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料,其特征在于,以重量份数计,制成所述硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料的原料包括:
聚醚多元醇60~70份、耐低温硅橡胶8~12份、改性凹凸棒土8~12份、高岭土8~10份、发泡剂1~3份、增塑剂2~4份、扩链剂5~7份、聚磷酸铵3~5份、抗氧化剂DNP 1~3份、紫外线吸收剂1~3份;
所述发泡剂的制备过程包括以下步骤:
取重量比为4~5:1的常压气凝胶粉体和超临界气凝胶粉体共同作为二氧化硅气凝胶,混匀后,加水均质,得气凝胶混合物;
取重量比为2~2.5:1的聚乙二醇400和吐温-40作为助剂加至水中,均质,得助剂混合物;
取重量比为2:0.75~1:0.75~1的气凝胶混合物、助剂混合物和聚二甲基硅油加至环戊烷中,高速研磨分散,即得所述发泡剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料,其特征在于,所述常压气凝胶粉体是取硅酸四乙酯、甲基三乙氧基硅烷及甲基三甲氧基硅烷作为硅源,与乙醇及水混匀后,先滴加乙酸,再滴加盐酸调节pH值至2.5~3.0,进行水解反应,然后滴加氨水调节pH值至7.6~7.8,进行凝胶缩聚反应,所得二氧化硅凝胶置于无水乙醇中,进行第一次老化,再次置于异丙醇中,进行第二次老化,所得醇凝胶经四次孔液置换后,置于含三甲基氯硅烷的正己烷溶液中,浸泡进行表面改性,最后经清洗、干燥制得。
3.根据权利要求2所述的硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料,其特征在于,所述常压气凝胶粉体制备过程中,所述硅酸四乙酯、甲基三乙氧基硅烷及甲基三甲氧基硅烷三者之间的摩尔比为2:0.8~1:0.2~0.4;
所述硅源与乙酸、乙醇和水的摩尔比为3.2:0.8~1:16~19.2:6.4~9.6。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料,其特征在于,所述常压气凝胶粉体制备过程中,所述醇凝胶经四次孔液置换是先将醇凝胶置于异丙醇中对凝胶内部的孔液进行第一次孔液置换,再用体积比为2:1的异丙醇和正己烷的混合液进行第二次孔液置换,然后用体积比为1:2的异丙醇和正己烷的混合液进行第三次孔液置换,最后再用正己烷进行第四次孔液置换;
所述含三甲基氯硅烷的正己烷溶液中三甲基氯硅烷的浓度为10vol%。
5.根据权利要求2或3所述的硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料,其特征在于,所述常压气凝胶粉体制备过程中,所述水解反应的温度为室温、时间为30~40min;
所述凝胶缩聚反应的温度为30~35℃、时间为2~3h;
所述第一次老化的温度为50~55℃、时间为10~12h;
所述第二次老化的温度为50~55℃、时间为24~28h;
所述表面改性的温度为室温、时间为48~50h;
所述清洗采用正己烷作为溶剂进行表面清洗。
6.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料,其特征在于,所述超临界气凝胶粉体是取硅酸四乙酯、甲基三乙氧基硅烷及甲基三甲氧基硅烷作为硅源,与乙醇及水混匀后,先滴加乙酸,再滴加盐酸调节pH值至2.5~3.0,进行水解反应,然后滴加氨水至pH值为7.6~7.8,进行凝胶缩聚反应,所得二氧化硅凝胶置于无水乙醇中,进行第一次老化,再次置于异丙醇中,进行第二次老化,所得醇凝胶经超临界萃取,制得。
7.根据权利要求6所述的硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料,其特征在于,所述超临界气凝胶粉体制备过程中,所述超临界萃取的介质为乙醇、萃取温度为520~580℃、压力为30~35MPa。
8.根据权利要求6所述的硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料,其特征在于,
所述超临界气凝胶粉体制备过程中,所述硅酸四乙酯、甲基三乙氧基硅烷及甲基三甲氧基硅烷三者之间的摩尔比为2:0.8~1:0.2~0.4;
所述硅源与乙酸、乙醇和水的摩尔比为3.2:0.8~1:16~19.2:6.4~9.6。
9.根据权利要求6所述的硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料,其特征在于,
所述超临界气凝胶粉体制备过程中,所述水解反应的温度为室温、时间为30~40min;
所述凝胶缩聚反应的温度为30~35℃、时间为2~3h;
所述第一次老化的温度为50~55℃、时间为10~12h;
所述第二次老化的温度为50~55℃、时间为10~12h。
10.权利要求1-9中任一项所述的硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法是取聚醚多元醇与耐低温硅橡胶混合后,升温至90~95℃,超声分散,然后边自然降温边加入改性凹凸棒土、高岭土、发泡剂、增塑剂、扩链剂、聚磷酸铵、抗氧剂DNP和抗紫外线剂混匀,降温至28~30℃发泡28~30min,再升温至60~65℃熟化为3~4h,然后降温至20℃以下固化3~4h,制得所述硬泡高阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料。
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