CN116639057A - 覆盖件 - Google Patents

覆盖件 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116639057A
CN116639057A CN202310188856.5A CN202310188856A CN116639057A CN 116639057 A CN116639057 A CN 116639057A CN 202310188856 A CN202310188856 A CN 202310188856A CN 116639057 A CN116639057 A CN 116639057A
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China
Prior art keywords
cover
carrier part
layer
carrier
surface covering
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T·奥曼
F·德尚
J·加斯胡贝尔
D·许恩
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
    • B60R13/02—Internal Trim mouldings ; Internal Ledges; Wall liners for passenger compartments; Roof liners
    • B60R13/0256—Dashboard liners
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
    • B60R13/02—Internal Trim mouldings ; Internal Ledges; Wall liners for passenger compartments; Roof liners
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
    • B32B3/266—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by an apertured layer, the apertures going through the whole thickness of the layer, e.g. expanded metal, perforated layer, slit layer regular cells B32B3/12
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/026—Knitted fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B32B5/279—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary characterised by a knit fabric layer next to a non-woven fabric layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q3/00—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors
    • B60Q3/20—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors for lighting specific fittings of passenger or driving compartments; mounted on specific fittings of passenger or driving compartments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q3/00—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors
    • B60Q3/70—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors characterised by the purpose
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0253—Polyolefin fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0261—Polyamide fibres
    • B32B2262/0269—Aromatic polyamide fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
    • B32B2307/41—Opaque
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
    • B32B2307/414—Translucent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/54—Yield strength; Tensile strength
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • B32B2605/003—Interior finishings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q3/00—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors
    • B60Q3/10—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors for dashboards
    • B60Q3/14—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors for dashboards lighting through the surface to be illuminated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
    • B60R13/02—Internal Trim mouldings ; Internal Ledges; Wall liners for passenger compartments; Roof liners
    • B60R2013/0281—Internal Trim mouldings ; Internal Ledges; Wall liners for passenger compartments; Roof liners made of a plurality of visible parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
    • B60R13/02—Internal Trim mouldings ; Internal Ledges; Wall liners for passenger compartments; Roof liners
    • B60R2013/0287—Internal Trim mouldings ; Internal Ledges; Wall liners for passenger compartments; Roof liners integrating other functions or accessories

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种具有载体部件(10)和表面覆盖物(20)的覆盖件(30)，所述表面覆盖物设置在所述载体部件(10)的朝向表面覆盖物(20)的那侧(11o)上，所述表面覆盖物(20)由固有刚性的针织材料构成。

Description

覆盖件
技术领域
本发明涉及一种根据权利要求1的前序部分所述的覆盖件
背景技术
在当今的车辆构造中，车辆内部空间或者说机动车客舱内的表面装有装饰物，以便为车辆乘员创造吸引人的视觉印象。对于内部设备部件或者说覆盖件，存在多种表面变型(皮革、人造革、膜、纺织品)，所述多种表面变型经由不同的层压方法被施加到载体上。目前，对于被遮盖的内部设备部件例如间隔机织物、泡沫背部或无纺布被用作为触觉层。在此已经确立，将例如以具有木质外观或碳外观的膜的形式存在的装饰物粘到塑料载体上。此外，也已知的是，借助层压方法(例如挤压层合方法或类似的层压方法)例如在没有固定的上模具的情况下，将由皮革或人造皮革制成的皮安装到载体结构上，以便创造出皮革的外观。在所述层压过程中，借助于胶粘剂以材料锁合的方式将膜或者皮与位于膜或皮下的载体结构连接。用于激活胶粘剂的热量经由挤压层合工具的热的冲模通过接触热或用红外辐射穿过皮被引入到粘贴缝中。由此，在层压方法期间激活了胶粘剂，并将膜或皮与载体结构连接。
然而，由于所使用的材料以及所使用的制造方法，许多所述表面在覆盖件在汽车内部空间内的应用可行性方面具有局限性。
由US 2016/0229338 A1已知的是，覆盖件设有针织的表面并且对该覆盖件进行背光照明。
发明内容
从所述现有技术出发，本发明的目的是提供一种覆盖件，通过所述覆盖件克服现有技术的缺点。本发明的一个特别目的是提供一种覆盖件，其特征在于具有呈现出特别高质量的表面。
所述目的通过根据权利要求1的特征的覆盖件实现。另外的实施形式在回引于此的从属权利要求中给出。
为了实现所述目的，本发明提出一种覆盖件，所述覆盖件具有载体部件和表面覆盖物。所述表面覆盖物设置在所述载体部件的第一侧上并且由固有刚性的针织材料构成。表面覆盖物的固有刚度提供以下优点，即在没有被载体部件支持的区域内，表面覆盖物在重力的影响下仍然不会变形。这提供的优点是，在覆盖件的可见表面上不会印出载体部件的可能的边缘。换句话说，所述针织材料提供足够的固有稳定性或者说固有刚度，所述固有稳定性或者说固有刚度使得能够跨越位于表面覆盖物下面的载体部件的留空部或缺口，而不会在表面覆盖物的表面上印出轮廓图。
此外，表面覆盖物可双层地构成，该表面覆盖物具有：由针织材料制成的第一层，所述第一层在覆盖件中构成表面覆盖物的可见的表面；以及位于第一层下面的固有刚性的层，该固有刚性的层在覆盖件中不可见。这提供以下优点，即可在表面覆盖物或者说可见的装饰层的背侧设置有固有刚性的层，所述层构成所述背侧。该固有刚性的层例如可由聚酯网构成。替代地，也可以将另外的以塑料为基材的材料用于覆盖物的所述固有刚性的部分，尤其是无纺布(例如针刺无纺布、不规则纤维或水射流无纺布)、聚丙烯网、天然纤维聚丙烯、间隔机织物等。
所述固有刚性的层可半透明地构成。这提供的优点是，入射到固有刚性的层上的光能够穿透通过该层。因此，能够在覆盖件的可见的表面上实现光效应。所述固有刚性的层可具有漫射的透光性。
在所述载体部件的背离表面覆盖物的一侧上可设置至少一个光源。由此，从所述光源射出的光能够穿过载体部件并且能够经由所述固有刚性的层被引导到所述针织物中并且能够因此被引导穿过该针织物。
在一种替代的实施形式中，所述载体部件的材料可以是不透明的并且可以在载体部件中设置有半透明的缺口。这些缺口能够可选地用环境空气填充或用半透明的固体封闭。该实施形式提供的优点是，能够在局部设置有离散的透明的区域，其中，在载体部件的不透明的其余区域中产生光源的遮蔽。
根据所述覆盖件的一种变型方案，所述表面覆盖物与所述载体部件可以以材料锁合的方式连接。在此，表面覆盖物可与载体部件粘接。
所述覆盖件优选是车辆的内部空间的内饰构件，例如仪表板、车门饰板、臂支承部、中控台、可关闭的储物箱(例如杂物箱)等。杂物箱可在外部或内部被覆盖。因此，二维/三维针织物可用作为内饰表面以形成构件。
然而，所述覆盖件也可用于其它的交通工具，例如飞机、船舶、列车等。也可以设想在家具或装修中使用所述覆盖件。
针织的材料或者说针织物在本发明的框架内被理解为面状的纺织品。所述针织物优选由前侧针织物和后侧针织物构成，其中前侧针织物和后侧针织物优选各自由纱线或单丝制成。根据本发明的纱线又由多根丝构成。例如，一根纱线包括50根至100根丝，尤其是70根丝。所述丝优选是由塑料和/或芳香族聚酰胺和/或类似的材料制成。三维针织物通过其特殊的制造工艺三维地制成，并且因此与二维的面状的针织物在操作、制造以及固定和加工的要求方面都存在差异。三维针织物多数是为覆盖载体部件而制造的，并且有利地能够实现边角料减少或者甚至没有边角料的加工处理。
附图说明
接下来将根据附图对本发明进行更详细的描述。附图中：
图1以示意图示出示例性的载体部件的透视图，以及
图2以示意图示出在施加表面覆盖物之前穿过覆盖件的示例性的剖面图。
具体实施方式
图1示例性地示出仪表板载体10，所述仪表板载体作为载体部件10以阐述所述方法。作为所示的I型面板载体的替代方案，位于车内的所有覆盖件也可作为载体结构10起作用，例如杂物箱、中央扶手、中控台隔板、在门饰板中的臂支承部、门饰板、车顶衬板、后部控制台、立柱护板等。所述仪表板载体10具有表面10o，所述表面要借助于表面覆盖物20被覆盖。如图1所示，该表面10o可只涉及一个区段，例如所谓的组合仪表的导气罩(Hutze)的上表面。然而，要覆盖的表面10o也可以是所述载体部件10的表面的一部分，所述部分能够被车辆内部空间中的车辆乘员看见。另外，替代地，所述表面10o也可包括所述载体部件10的整个表面，在这种情况下，则所述载体部件10的不可被车辆乘员看见的区域也将被遮盖。
在图2中描绘了覆盖件30，更确切地说是以部件分解图的方式描绘。在此，所述表面覆盖物20还没有被施加到所述载体部件10上。所述表面覆盖物20双层地构造，并且具有第一层21，所述第一层构成装饰层，所述装饰层能够被车辆乘员看见。形象地在第一层下面设置有一个与第一层21接触的第二层22。所述第二层22因此构成背部材料，所述背部材料具有足够的刚度和固有稳定性特征。第一层21与第二层22例如可通过材料锁合的方式连接，尤其是粘接。
所述载体部件10具有朝向所述表面覆盖物20的表面10o。表面覆盖物被层压到所述表面上。在此，例如可通过粘接在表面覆盖物20的第二层22和载体部件10的表面10o之间形成材料锁合式连接。在载体部件10的与表面覆盖物20相对置的一侧上，示例性地在图2中描绘了光源40。所述光源发出的光能够经由缺口11穿过载体部件10的原本不透明的材料透射。

Claims (6)

1.覆盖件(30)，所述覆盖件具有：载体部件(10)和表面覆盖物(20)，所述表面覆盖物设置在所述载体部件(10)的朝向表面覆盖物(20)的那侧(11o)上，其特征在于，所述表面覆盖物(20)由针织材料构成并且是固有刚性的。
2.根据权利要求1所述的覆盖件(30)，其特征在于，所述表面覆盖物(20)双层地构成并且具有由针织材料制成的层(21)，固有刚性的层(22)设置到该由针织材料制成的层上。
3.根据权利要求2所述的覆盖件(30)，其特征在于，所述固有刚性的层(22)是半透明的。
4.根据权利要求1至3之一所述的覆盖件(30)，其特征在于，在所述载体部件(10)的背离所述表面覆盖物(20)的那侧(11u)上设置有至少一个光源(40)。
5.根据上述权利要求1至4之一所述的覆盖件(30)，其特征在于，所述载体部件(10)的材料是不透明的并且在所述载体部件(10)中设置有半透明的缺口(11)。
6.根据上述权利要求1至5之一所述的覆盖件(30)，其特征在于，所述表面覆盖物(20)与所述载体部件(10)以材料锁合的方式连接。
CN202310188856.5A 2022-02-23 2023-02-22 覆盖件 Pending CN116639057A (zh)

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