CN116621639A - High-calcium bio-organic fertilizer and production process thereof - Google Patents

High-calcium bio-organic fertilizer and production process thereof Download PDF

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CN116621639A
CN116621639A CN202310623474.0A CN202310623474A CN116621639A CN 116621639 A CN116621639 A CN 116621639A CN 202310623474 A CN202310623474 A CN 202310623474A CN 116621639 A CN116621639 A CN 116621639A
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fermentation
organic fertilizer
parts
calcium
mixture
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周钜辉
黄俊斌
许教誉
郭培杰
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Guangdong Biotechnology Industrialization Promotion Association
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05DINORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D9/00Other inorganic fertilisers
    • C05D9/02Other inorganic fertilisers containing trace elements
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05FORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/20Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05FORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/50Treatments combining two or more different biological or biochemical treatments, e.g. anaerobic and aerobic treatment or vermicomposting and aerobic treatment
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05FORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/80Separation, elimination or disposal of harmful substances during the treatment
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/60Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80Soil conditioners
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
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  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-calcium bio-organic fertilizer and a production process thereof, wherein the high-calcium bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35-45 parts of mushroom residues, 10-20 parts of oyster shell powder, 20-40 parts of dried cow dung, 5-15 parts of wood dust, 2-5 parts of bran, 0.1-0.3 part of bacillus natto and 0.5-1 part of auxiliary materials; the composting fermentation mode of mixing oyster shell powder in the later stage can improve the physical and chemical structure of the compost, improve the decomposition degree of the compost product, and simultaneously reduce the emission of gases such as ammonia gas, methane and the like in the earlier stage of fermentation by utilizing the loose structure and stronger adsorptivity, thereby protecting the environment, reducing the nitrogen loss of fermentation and improving the fertilizer fertility.

Description

High-calcium bio-organic fertilizer and production process thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizers, and particularly relates to a high-calcium biological organic fertilizer and a production process thereof.
Background
Along with the increasing level of modernization of agriculture, the bio-organic fertilizer gradually replaces common fertilizers, becomes an important fertilizer in agricultural production, and has the advantages of complete nutrition, soil improvement, fertilizer utilization rate improvement and the like. However, the bio-organic fertilizer circulated in the market at present has a plurality of defects, namely, a large amount of greenhouse gas is easy to generate in the preparation process and is not discharged into the atmosphere to cause air pollution, the requirement of soil pollution restoration cannot be met, and the quality of crops polluted by the soil cannot be improved by simple soil structure improvement; fifthly, the fertilizer has large volume and inconvenient transportation and storage, and has no effective aim on nutrient requirements of special soil environments such as acid-base soil, drought-wet soil and soil lacking in partial elements and specific crops; and sixthly, the fertilizer has high production cost and high selling price, and users are reluctant to use the fertilizer.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the background art, the invention aims to provide a high-calcium bio-organic fertilizer and a production process thereof.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:
the high-calcium bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35-45 parts of mushroom residues, 10-20 parts of oyster shell powder, 20-40 parts of dried cow dung, 5-15 parts of wood dust, 2-5 parts of bran, 0.1-0.3 part of bacillus natto and 0.5-1 part of auxiliary materials;
the mushroom residue is a large amount of mushroom residue generated after edible fungi are cultivated. At present, fungus residues are not allowed to be directly combusted and cannot be stacked in the front of a house, the back of a house and the field, the direct combustion not only pollutes air, but also causes resource waste, and the stacking can cause serious influence on the life of nearby residents, so that the fungus residues are utilized in a recycling way, and are treated in a large-scale and standardized way, and the fungus residues are used as raw materials for preparing the bio-organic fertilizer, so that the method is an effective method.
The edible fungus residues have the water content of 30% -55%, the crude protein content of 5.80% -15.44%, the crude fiber content of 2.00% -37.11%, the crude fat content of 0.12% -4.53%, the crude ash content of 1.56% -35.87%, the nitrogen-free extract 33.00% -63.50%, the calcium content of 0.21% -4.59%, the total nutrient content of all N, all P and all K of 2.72% -5.39%, and the C: N value of the edible fungus residues is generally below 30:1, and the P H value of the edible fungus residues is 6.0% -8.0. Because the protein content in the fungus dreg is high, the contents of sugar, organic acids, enzymes and bioactive substances are rich, and the mycelium secretes some bioactive substances in the production process of the bio-organic fertilizer, the mycelium can decompose complex organic substances, inhibit partial soil-borne diseases, has a good inhibition effect on harmful bacteria reproduction, can effectively control and alleviate the occurrence of overground diseases and soil-borne diseases, lighten the hazard degree and promote the healthy growth of plants.
The oyster is one of the marine cultured shellfish with the largest yield in coastal areas, wherein most oyster shells accounting for 70 percent of the total mass are directly discarded, so that environmental pollution is caused. As a natural biomineralization material, oyster shells have extremely stable physicochemical properties, and the pore structure of the surface stratum corneum can provide a needed growth space for microorganisms.
The oyster shell comprises inorganic and organic components. The inorganic part is mainly calcium carbonate, and accounts for more than 90% of the oyster shell mass, wherein the calcium element accounts for (39.78 +/-0.23)%, and further contains more than 20 trace elements such as copper, iron, zinc, manganese, strontium and the like. The organic component of oyster shell accounts for 3% -5% of the mass of oyster shell, and contains 17 amino acids such as glycine, cystine, methionine, etc.
The oyster shell powder can balance the pH value of soil, improve the structure of soil flora, promote the growth of crop root systems and improve the disease resistance of plants; the oyster shell powder is rich in marine bioactive calcium, is easier to be absorbed and utilized by plants than mineral calcium sources, can be released in soil for a long time, and can be used for preventing and treating various physiological diseases caused by calcium deficiency; the special micro-porous (2-10 um) structure of oyster shell powder has adsorption regulation capability, can enable soil to quickly form a granular structure, and enhances the air permeability and water and fertilizer retention capability of the soil; the special natural active ingredients such as chitin, active aminopolysaccharide, keratin, oligosaccharide and the like of the oyster shell powder can improve the nutritional ingredients of agricultural products, and are characterized by good taste, crisp, sweet and delicious taste, regular fruit shape, quick coloring and good surface gloss.
The dry cow dung contains 10% -20% of crude protein, 1% -3% of crude fat, 20% -30% of nitrogen-free extract and 15% -30% of crude fiber, so that the dry cow dung has very high nutrient, can be used as a high-quality bio-organic fertilizer production raw material, can be used for loosening soil, improving soil land junction, chelating trace elements in the soil, improving soil fertility, and is low in cost, sufficient in goods source and stable in quality.
The sawdust is waste material of wood processing, is the rest of wood, is mostly composed of cellulose, protein and polysaccharide, has rich organic substances, and is also an excellent material for preparing biological organic fertilizer.
The bran contains rich fat, protein and a large amount of vitamins and trace elements, wherein the content of carbohydrate is more than 70%, the content of protein is 8-12%, the content of lipid is 0.4-4%, the content of mineral is 1.5-3% (including trace elements such as calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium and magnesium), and the bran is used for preparing a bio-organic fertilizer material, so that not only is the organic nutrient of the bio-organic fertilizer improved, but also the bio-organic fertilizer is strong in water absorption and good in air permeability.
The bacillus natto belongs to bacillus subtilis subspecies natto, is gram positive and aerobic, has spores and is extremely easy to chain.
Natto is usually (0.7-0.8) um x (2.0-3.0) um, gram positive, the growth temperature is 45-55 ℃ at the highest, 5-20 ℃ at the lowest, and the spore has strong heat resistance, can produce various antibiotics and enzymes, has broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and extremely strong stress resistance, and can also induce endogenous spores with extremely strong stress resistance under extreme conditions.
The bacillus natto is beneficial bacteria with acid resistance and heat resistance, and can generate various proteases (especially alkaline protease), saccharifying enzyme, lipase and amylase, and degrade certain complex carbohydrates in the biological organic fertilizer, so that the conversion rate of the biological organic fertilizer is improved.
The high-calcium bio-organic fertilizer is prepared by the following steps:
s1, respectively crushing mushroom residues and dry cow dung, and sieving through 50 meshes to obtain a mixture a;
s2, cleaning oyster shells, sun-drying, crushing and screening the oyster shells to pass through 300 meshes;
step S3, uniformly mixing the mixture, the wood chips and the chaff to prepare a mixture b;
s4, adding bacillus natto and spring water into a fermentation tank according to the weight ratio of 1:100, adding auxiliary materials, and fermenting to obtain fermentation liquor;
step S5, spreading the mixture b in a fermentation tank, controlling the spreading thickness of each layer to be 50mm, uniformly spraying fermentation liquor, and controlling the total layer thickness to be 1m, so that the fermentation temperature and stirring can be conveniently regulated and controlled;
s6, covering heat preservation canvas on the top end of the fermentation tank after spraying, and stirring for 30min each time according to each time of morning and evening after fermenting for 3 d;
step S7, adding oyster shell powder after 15d fermentation, turning over, uniformly mixing the oyster shell powder with upper, middle and lower layers of fermentation materials, continuing fermentation for 20-30d (namely, 20 days in spring, summer and 30 days in autumn and winter), and turning over and stirring for 2-3 times;
and S8, drying after fermentation, crushing and screening, and precisely adding a proper amount of trace elements according to different requirements of different crops to prepare the high-calcium bio-organic fertilizer.
Further, in the step S6, the fermentation temperature is monitored in the fermentation process, when the temperature is higher than 60 ℃, the heat preservation canvas is opened for heat dissipation, and the fermentation temperature is controlled to be not higher than 60 ℃.
Further, the dry cow dung contains 10% -20% of crude protein, 1% -3% of crude fat, 20% -30% of nitrogen-free extract and 15% -30% of crude fiber.
Further, the auxiliary materials are prepared by mixing brown sugar, honey, eggs and mineral microelements according to the weight ratio of 1:1:1:1.
A production process of a high-calcium bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
s1, respectively crushing mushroom residues and dry cow dung, and sieving through 50 meshes to obtain a mixture a;
s2, cleaning oyster shells, sun-drying, crushing and screening the oyster shells to pass through 300 meshes;
step S3, uniformly mixing the mixture, the wood chips and the chaff to prepare a mixture b;
s4, adding bacillus natto and spring water into a fermentation tank according to the weight ratio of 1:100, adding auxiliary materials, and fermenting to obtain fermentation liquor;
step S5, spreading the mixture b in a fermentation tank, controlling the spreading thickness of each layer of material layer to be 50mm, uniformly spraying fermentation liquor, and controlling the total thickness of the material layer to be 1m, (facilitating the regulation and control of fermentation temperature and stirring);
s6, covering heat preservation canvas on the top end of the fermentation tank after spraying, and stirring for 30min each time according to each time of morning and evening after fermenting for 3 d;
step S7, adding oyster shell powder after 15d fermentation, turning over, uniformly mixing the oyster shell powder with upper, middle and lower layers of fermentation materials, continuing fermentation for 20-30d (namely, 20 days in spring, summer and 30 days in autumn and winter), and turning over and stirring for 2-3 times;
and S8, drying after fermentation, crushing and screening, and precisely adding a proper amount of trace elements according to different requirements of different crops to prepare the high-calcium bio-organic fertilizer.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to different properties and characteristics of raw materials, the preparation process adopts a composting fermentation mode of composting and fermenting mushroom residues, dry cow dung, wood chips and chaff for half a month in advance, and mixing oyster shell powder in the later period, so that the physical and chemical structure of the compost can be improved, the decomposition degree of the compost product is improved, meanwhile, the loose structure and stronger adsorptivity of the compost product are utilized, the emission of gases such as ammonia gas, methane and the like in the earlier period of fermentation is reduced, the environment is protected, the nitrogen loss of fermentation is reduced, and the fertilizer fertility is improved.
The preparation process is characterized in that oyster shell powder is added, the high calcium content and the high alkalinity of the oyster shell powder are adopted, the prepared high calcium bio-organic fertilizer can not only improve the cation exchange capacity of soil, but also have double adsorption capacity on organic pollutants and heavy metal pollutants, so that a series of reactions such as precipitation, adsorption, ion exchange, corrosiveness, oxidation and reduction are generated, the solidifying characteristic of the oyster shell powder reduces the bioavailability and the mobility of heavy metals in the soil environment, the safety of soil planting is improved, and the added value of the fertilizer is increased.
The high-calcium bio-organic fertilizer produced by adding oyster shell powder contains a large amount of trace elements such as Ca, mg, si, K, P and the like required by crop growth, can improve acidic and slightly acidic soil, can adjust the pH value of soil by using the high-calcium bio-organic fertilizer produced by the high alkalinity of the oyster shell powder, is beneficial to the addition of trace elements and fermentation treatment of microorganisms, can form a large amount of soluble calcium salts which can be absorbed and utilized by plants, and improves the conversion rate of active ingredients in the fertilizer, thereby having better innovative use effect on producing high-calcium crops.
The bio-organic fertilizer produced by adding the oyster shell powder is one of the marine cultured shellfish with the largest yield in coastal areas, most of oyster shells accounting for 70 percent of the total mass are directly discarded, a large amount of oyster shells cannot be reasonably and effectively treated and utilized for a long time, resources are wasted, land occupation and environment pollution are caused, the labor, material resources and financial resources are required for processing the oyster shells, and the oyster shells are reasonably, scientifically and innovatively utilized as raw materials to produce the high-calcium bio-organic fertilizer, so that the aim of changing waste into valuable is fulfilled, and economic and social benefits are achieved.
The high-calcium biological organic fertilizer disclosed by the invention adopts the bacillus natto as a fermentation strain, and the bacillus natto has the advantages of rapid propagation, rapid metabolism, strong vitality, high temperature resistance, strong acid resistance, strong alkali resistance, antibacterial disinfection, high oxygen resistance, inhibition of growth and propagation of harmful bacteria, increase of beneficial bacteria groups and improvement of the fermentation effect of the fertilizer.
The high-calcium biological organic fertilizer plays a key role in effective active microorganisms, utilizes the activity of the microorganisms and the effect of metabolites, improves nutrient supply of crops, provides nutrient elements and growth substances for the crops, regulates and controls the growth of the crops, and achieves the purposes of increasing the yield and improving the quality, enhancing the soil fertility, reducing or reducing the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests and improving the environmental quality. The invention and the application of the high-calcium bio-organic fertilizer more embody the special effect of the high-calcium bio-organic fertilizer.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The high-calcium bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of mushroom residues, 10 parts of oyster shell powder, 20 parts of dry cow dung, 5 parts of wood chips, 2 parts of bran, 0.1 part of bacillus natto and 0.5 part of auxiliary materials;
the high-calcium bio-organic fertilizer is prepared by the following steps:
s1, respectively crushing mushroom residues and dry cow dung, and sieving through 50 meshes to obtain a mixture a;
s2, cleaning oyster shells, sun-drying, crushing and screening the oyster shells to pass through 300 meshes;
step S3, uniformly mixing the mixture, the wood chips and the chaff to prepare a mixture b;
s4, adding bacillus natto and spring water into a fermentation tank according to the weight ratio of 1:100, adding auxiliary materials, and fermenting to obtain fermentation liquor;
step S5, spreading the mixture b in a fermentation tank, controlling the spreading thickness of each layer to be 50mm, uniformly spraying fermentation liquor, and controlling the total layer thickness to be 1m, so that the fermentation temperature and stirring can be conveniently regulated and controlled;
s6, covering heat preservation canvas on the top end of the fermentation tank after spraying, and stirring for 30min each time according to each time of morning and evening after fermenting for 3 d;
step S7, adding oyster shell powder after 15d fermentation, turning over, uniformly mixing the oyster shell powder with upper, middle and lower layers of fermentation materials, continuing fermentation for 20d (namely, 20 days in spring and summer and 30 days in autumn and winter), and turning over and stirring for 2-3 times;
and S8, drying after fermentation, crushing and screening, and precisely adding a proper amount of trace elements according to different requirements of different crops to prepare the high-calcium bio-organic fertilizer.
And in the step S6, monitoring the fermentation temperature in the fermentation process, and when the temperature is higher than 60 ℃, opening the heat preservation canvas to dissipate heat, and controlling the fermentation temperature to be not higher than 60 ℃.
The dry cow dung contains 10% -20% of crude protein, 1% -3% of crude fat, 20% -30% of nitrogen-free extract and 15% -30% of crude fiber.
The auxiliary materials are brown sugar, honey, eggs and mineral trace elements which are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1:1:1:1.
Example 2
The high-calcium bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of mushroom residues, 15 parts of oyster shell powder, 30 parts of dried cow dung, 10 parts of wood chips, 4 parts of bran, 0.2 part of bacillus natto and 0.8 part of auxiliary materials;
the high-calcium bio-organic fertilizer is prepared by the following steps:
s1, respectively crushing mushroom residues and dry cow dung, and sieving through 50 meshes to obtain a mixture a;
s2, cleaning oyster shells, sun-drying, crushing and screening the oyster shells to pass through 300 meshes;
step S3, uniformly mixing the mixture, the wood chips and the chaff to prepare a mixture b;
s4, adding bacillus natto and spring water into a fermentation tank according to the weight ratio of 1:100, adding auxiliary materials, and fermenting to obtain fermentation liquor;
step S5, spreading the mixture b in a fermentation tank, controlling the spreading thickness of each layer to be 50mm, uniformly spraying fermentation liquor, and controlling the total layer thickness to be 1m, so that the fermentation temperature and stirring can be conveniently regulated and controlled;
s6, covering heat preservation canvas on the top end of the fermentation tank after spraying, and stirring for 30min each time according to each time of morning and evening after fermenting for 3 d;
step S7, adding oyster shell powder after 15d fermentation, turning over, uniformly mixing the oyster shell powder with upper, middle and lower layers of fermentation materials, continuing fermentation for 20-30d (namely, 20 days in spring, summer and 30 days in autumn and winter), and turning over and stirring for 2-3 times;
and S8, drying after fermentation, crushing and screening, and precisely adding a proper amount of trace elements according to different requirements of different crops to prepare the high-calcium bio-organic fertilizer.
And in the step S6, monitoring the fermentation temperature in the fermentation process, and when the temperature is higher than 60 ℃, opening the heat preservation canvas to dissipate heat, and controlling the fermentation temperature to be not higher than 60 ℃.
The dry cow dung contains 10% -20% of crude protein, 1% -3% of crude fat, 20% -30% of nitrogen-free extract and 15% -30% of crude fiber.
The auxiliary materials are brown sugar, honey, eggs and mineral trace elements which are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1:1:1:1.
Example 3
The high-calcium bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45 parts of mushroom residues, 20 parts of oyster shell powder, 40 parts of dried cow dung, 15 parts of wood chips, 5 parts of bran, 0.3 part of bacillus natto and 1 part of auxiliary material;
the high-calcium bio-organic fertilizer is prepared by the following steps:
s1, respectively crushing mushroom residues and dry cow dung, and sieving through 50 meshes to obtain a mixture a;
s2, cleaning oyster shells, sun-drying, crushing and screening the oyster shells to pass through 300 meshes;
step S3, uniformly mixing the mixture, the wood chips and the chaff to prepare a mixture b;
s4, adding bacillus natto and spring water into a fermentation tank according to the weight ratio of 1:100, adding auxiliary materials, and fermenting to obtain fermentation liquor;
step S5, spreading the mixture b in a fermentation tank, controlling the spreading thickness of each layer to be 50mm, uniformly spraying fermentation liquor, and controlling the total layer thickness to be 1m, so that the fermentation temperature and stirring can be conveniently regulated and controlled;
s6, covering heat preservation canvas on the top end of the fermentation tank after spraying, and stirring for 30min each time according to each time of morning and evening after fermenting for 3 d;
step S7, adding oyster shell powder after 15d fermentation, turning over, uniformly mixing the oyster shell powder with upper, middle and lower layers of fermentation materials, continuing fermentation for 20-30d (namely, 20 days in spring, summer and 30 days in autumn and winter), and turning over and stirring for 2-3 times;
and S8, drying after fermentation, crushing and screening, and precisely adding a proper amount of trace elements according to different requirements of different crops to prepare the high-calcium bio-organic fertilizer.
And in the step S6, monitoring the fermentation temperature in the fermentation process, and when the temperature is higher than 60 ℃, opening the heat preservation canvas to dissipate heat, and controlling the fermentation temperature to be not higher than 60 ℃.
The dry cow dung contains 10% -20% of crude protein, 1% -3% of crude fat, 20% -30% of nitrogen-free extract and 15% -30% of crude fiber.
The auxiliary materials are brown sugar, honey, eggs and mineral trace elements which are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1:1:1:1.
The special effect of the high-calcium bio-organic fertilizer is verified by planting rice in 20 mu of planting places selected in the plum village of the Sanchun county of Heyuan, guangdong province, wherein 10 mu of fields use the fertilizer produced in the embodiment 2 of the invention as an experimental group, and the other 10 mu of fields use common commercial fertilizers as a control group, management measures are the same, and the result shows that the experimental group rice has neat booting, developed root system, thick rice stalk, rapid growth, full fruits, no pesticide residue, no pesticide hormone and no heavy metal residue, good rice taste, obvious health efficacy, rich beneficial trace elements and more healthy, the soil effective calcium content of the soil detection experimental group is improved by 73% compared with that of the control group, the mu yield is improved by more than 15% compared with that of the control group, the common disease resistance is improved, the incidence rate of rice diseases and insect pests is obviously reduced compared with that of the control group, the obtained rice calcium content is improved by more than 2 times, and the high-quality rice rich in beneficial trace elements and no heavy metal content is obtained.
In the description of the present specification, the descriptions of the terms "one embodiment," "example," "specific example," and the like, mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing is merely illustrative and explanatory of the invention, as various modifications and additions may be made to the particular embodiments described, or in a similar manner, by those skilled in the art, without departing from the scope of the invention or exceeding the scope of the invention as defined in the claims.

Claims (5)

1. The high-calcium bio-organic fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35-45 parts of mushroom residues, 10-20 parts of oyster shell powder, 20-40 parts of dried cow dung, 5-15 parts of wood dust, 2-5 parts of bran, 0.1-0.3 part of bacillus natto and 0.5-1 part of auxiliary materials;
the high-calcium bio-organic fertilizer is prepared by the following steps:
s1, respectively crushing mushroom residues and dry cow dung, and sieving through 50 meshes to obtain a mixture a;
s2, cleaning oyster shells, sun-drying, crushing and screening the oyster shells to pass through 300 meshes;
step S3, uniformly mixing the mixture, the wood chips and the chaff to prepare a mixture b;
s4, adding bacillus natto and spring water into a fermentation tank according to the weight ratio of 1:100, adding auxiliary materials, and fermenting to obtain fermentation liquor;
step S5, spreading the mixture b in a fermentation tank, controlling the spreading thickness of each layer of material layer to be 50mm, and uniformly spraying fermentation liquor, wherein the total thickness of the material layers is 1m;
s6, covering heat preservation canvas on the top end of the fermentation tank after spraying, and stirring for 30min each time according to each time of morning and evening after fermenting for 3 d;
s7, adding oyster shell powder after 15d fermentation, turning over, uniformly mixing the oyster shell powder with upper, middle and lower layers of fermentation materials, continuing fermentation for 20-30d, and turning over and stirring for 2-3 times;
and S8, drying after fermentation, crushing and screening to obtain the high-calcium bio-organic fertilizer.
2. The high-calcium bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein in the step S6, the fermentation temperature is monitored in the fermentation process, and when the temperature is higher than 60 ℃, the heat preservation canvas is opened to dissipate heat, and the fermentation temperature is controlled to be not higher than 60 ℃.
3. The high-calcium bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the dry cow dung contains 10% -20% of crude protein, 1% -3% of crude fat, 20% -30% of nitrogen-free extract and 15% -30% of crude fiber.
4. The high-calcium bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary materials are brown sugar, honey, eggs and mineral trace elements which are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1:1:1:1.
5. The process for producing a high-calcium bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
s1, respectively crushing mushroom residues and dry cow dung, and sieving through 50 meshes to obtain a mixture a;
s2, cleaning oyster shells, sun-drying, crushing and screening the oyster shells to pass through 300 meshes;
step S3, uniformly mixing the mixture, the wood chips and the chaff to prepare a mixture b;
s4, adding bacillus natto and spring water into a fermentation tank according to the weight ratio of 1:100, adding auxiliary materials, and fermenting to obtain fermentation liquor;
step S5, spreading the mixture b in a fermentation tank, controlling the spreading thickness of each layer of material layer to be 50mm, and uniformly spraying fermentation liquor, wherein the total thickness of the material layers is 1m;
s6, covering heat preservation canvas on the top end of the fermentation tank after spraying, and stirring for 30min each time according to each time of morning and evening after fermenting for 3 d;
s7, adding oyster shell powder after 15d fermentation, turning over, uniformly mixing the oyster shell powder with upper, middle and lower layers of fermentation materials, continuing fermentation for 20-30d, and turning over and stirring for 2-3 times;
and S8, drying after fermentation, crushing and screening to obtain the high-calcium bio-organic fertilizer.
CN202310623474.0A 2023-05-30 2023-05-30 High-calcium bio-organic fertilizer and production process thereof Pending CN116621639A (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106045787A (en) * 2016-08-01 2016-10-26 寿县知祝常乐水果种植专业合作社 High-calcium organic fertilizer
CN107365234A (en) * 2017-09-05 2017-11-21 天津胜恩全成生物科技有限公司 It is a kind of using oyster shell as organic fertilizer of raw material and preparation method thereof
CN114057525A (en) * 2021-12-08 2022-02-18 河北唐发畜禽饲养有限公司 Preparation method of organic fertilizer special for fruits and vegetables
CN114853545A (en) * 2022-03-01 2022-08-05 河北民得富生物技术有限公司 Bio-organic fertilizer and preparation process thereof
CN115385754A (en) * 2022-08-02 2022-11-25 黑龙江宏泰生物有机肥料有限责任公司 Efficient bio-organic fertilizer added with carbonized rice hulls and chicken manure and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106045787A (en) * 2016-08-01 2016-10-26 寿县知祝常乐水果种植专业合作社 High-calcium organic fertilizer
CN107365234A (en) * 2017-09-05 2017-11-21 天津胜恩全成生物科技有限公司 It is a kind of using oyster shell as organic fertilizer of raw material and preparation method thereof
CN114057525A (en) * 2021-12-08 2022-02-18 河北唐发畜禽饲养有限公司 Preparation method of organic fertilizer special for fruits and vegetables
CN114853545A (en) * 2022-03-01 2022-08-05 河北民得富生物技术有限公司 Bio-organic fertilizer and preparation process thereof
CN115385754A (en) * 2022-08-02 2022-11-25 黑龙江宏泰生物有机肥料有限责任公司 Efficient bio-organic fertilizer added with carbonized rice hulls and chicken manure and preparation method thereof

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