CN116616301A - Sweet cherry fruit-retaining composition, medicament and application thereof in promoting fruit setting of southern sweet cherry - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of cultivation of south sweet cherries, in particular to a sweet cherry fruit-preserving composition, a medicament and application thereof in promoting fruit setting of south sweet cherries. The sweet cherry fruit-retaining composition comprises the following active ingredients in percentage by mass: 90-120 parts by weight of GA3, 25-30 parts by weight of 6-BA, 5-10 parts by weight of NAA and 1-3 parts by weight of KT-30. The composition obtains the best use effect through experiments, increases the fruit setting rate of the sweet cherry in the south and realizes the yield and income increase.

Description

Sweet cherry fruit-retaining composition, medicament and application thereof in promoting fruit setting of southern sweet cherry

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of cultivation of south sweet cherries, in particular to a sweet cherry fruit-preserving composition, a medicament and application thereof in promoting fruit setting of south sweet cherries.

Background

Cherry is a plant of the genus Prunus, subgenera of the family Rosaceae (Rosaceae), and there are cherry species cultivated as fruit trees worldwideSweet cherries, sour cherries, chinese cherries, and cherry wool. The cherry cultivated in China as commercial cultivation is mainly sweet cherryPrunusaviumL.) and chinese cherry (Cerasuspseu docerasus). The sweet cherry is usually called Europe sweet cherry, also called large cherry, commonly called cherry, which is the main direction of cherry development at present or even later. Sweet cherry fruits are bright in color, crystal and crystal, red like agate, yellow like grease, sweet in taste, rich in sugar, protein, vitamins, calcium, iron, phosphorus, potassium and other elements, especially iron, and the iron content in each hundred grams of cherry is up to 5.9mg, and the sweet cherry fruits are positioned at the first position of the fruits and are favored by consumers.

Compared with Chinese cherries, the sweet cherry has large fruits, good quality and storage and transportation resistance, and is the main direction of cherry development at present or even later. Sweet cherry has short development period and early maturity, and has the reputation of 'hundred fruits first branch' as Chinese cherry. Along with the improvement of living standard, the sweet cherry becomes a high-grade fruit, the price is increased to 20-40 yuan/kg, the early maturing area reaches 50-60 yuan/kg, the protection area reaches 70-100 yuan/kg, and even higher, the planted sweet cherry becomes an ultrahigh-profit planting industry, and is known as 'gold planting industry' and 'sunward industry'. By 2013 the total area and yield of sweet cherries in the world have reached 38.0 and 213.1 kilotons, respectively. As a high-efficiency planting industry, the production area and the yield of the sweet cherry in the world always have a straight line rising trend. Sweet cherries cultivated in China are mainly European and North America and other national varieties, and have good performance in northern areas of China. Because of the large market potential and high planting benefit, the production of sweet cherries in China is rapidly expanded from traditional mountain east, liaoning and other places to Beijing, hebei, henan, shanxi, gansu, cloud, noble, chuan and other cold and cool places. While the traditional Bohai Bay area and the emerging cold and high land are vigorous in developing the sweet cherry industry, scientific research institutions and agricultural enterprises in the south warm areas such as Jiangsu, zhejiang, hunan, shanghai and other middle and downstream areas of Yangtze river continuously try to introduce and cultivate the sweet cherry, and try to push the sweet cherry industry to the south.

For this reason, the applicant filed China patent application publication No. CN104838935B, CN104920134B, CN104885841B discloses a planting method for planting sweet cherry in warm regions of south. But the temperature in summer in the south is too high, and the adverse climate factors of large rainfall are caused. The rainfall is large, and the temperature in summer is too high, so that the sweet cherry can grow excessively (only flowers and fruits are not left), and the technical defect of low fruit setting rate exists.

Gibberellic acid is one of five major hormones of plants, is a widely used plant growth regulator at home and abroad at present, and can promote cell division, cell elongation, promote synthesis of nucleic acid and protein, promote and control synthesis and degradation of endogenous growth acid, improve activity of various enzymes, and achieve the purpose 1 of breaking dormancy of seeds, increasing fresh weight of leaf vegetables, increasing fruit yield, inducing parthenocarpy and adjusting flowering phase. Gibberellic acid is a broad-spectrum plant growth regulator, which can promote the growth and development of crops, lead the crops to mature early, increase the yield and improve the quality; can break dormancy of seed, tuber, bulb and other organs rapidly, promote germination; reducing the shedding of buds, flowers, bells and fruits, improving the fruit fruiting rate or forming seedless fruits.

6-BA is the first artificially synthesized cytokinin. Synthesized in the United states Wellcome Research laboratory in 1952, commercialized in Japan in the sixties, 6-BA was absorbed by germinated seeds, roots, shoots, and leaves. The 6-BA can inhibit decomposition of chlorophyll, nucleic acid and protein in plant leaf, protect green and prevent aging, and transfer amino acid, auxin and inorganic salt to treatment part.

Chinese patent application No. CN1964624A, publication No. 2007-05-16 by the United states Wallent bioscience company, discloses a plant growth regulator comprising a compound selected from cytokinin and gibberellin, an acid solubilizing agent such as citric acid, tartaric acid or glycolic acid, and a solvent; and methods of making and using the disclosed compositions. The composition has improved solubility, handling, stability, safety and improved activity such as improved plant growth, yield, fruit thinning or size regulation and quality. However, due to the nutrient requirement characteristics of the sweet cherries of different varieties, the requirements of the sweet cherry fruits on hormone are different; therefore, the effect of hormones on fruit quality and yield is not consistent, and optimum effects cannot be obtained by cytokinin and gibberellin alone.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide the sweet cherry fruit-holding composition which comprises GA3, 6-BA, NAA and KT-30, and has the best use effect obtained through experiments, so that the fruit setting rate of the sweet cherry in the south is increased, and the yield and income are increased.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the sweet cherry fruit-retaining composition comprises the following active ingredients in percentage by mass: 90-120 parts by weight of GA3, 25-30 parts by weight of 6-BA, 5-10 parts by weight of NAA and 1-3 parts by weight of KT-30.

Most preferably, the composition comprises the following active ingredients in percentage by mass: 100 parts by weight of GA3, 27 parts by weight of 6-BA, 8 parts by weight of NAA and 2 parts by weight of KT-30.

Further, the invention also discloses a sweet cherry fruit-preserving medicament comprising the composition.

Preferably, the medicament is a water aqua, which comprises 90-120mg/LGA3, 25-30mg/L6-BA, 5-10mg/LNAA and 1-3mg/LKT-30.

As still another preferred embodiment, the agent comprises 100mg/LGA3, 27mg/L6-BA, 8mg/LNAA and 2mg/LKT-30.

Preferably, the medicament further comprises an organic solvent and one or more of a solubilizer, an antioxidant and a surfactant.

Furthermore, the invention also discloses the application of the composition and the fruit-preserving medicament in promoting fruit setting of the sweet cherry in the south.

Furthermore, the invention also discloses the application of the composition and the fruit-preserving medicament in preparing medicaments for promoting fruit setting of the southern sweet cherry.

Further, the invention also discloses a method for promoting the fruit setting of the south sweet cherry, which sprays the fruit-preserving agent to the fruit trees; the spraying method comprises the following steps:

1) Irrigating the pre-flowering water before the fruit-preserving agent is used, and taking the rooting agent with water to promote root system development;

2) The fruit-holding medicament is used for 2 times on sunny days;

pass 1: spraying the flowering cores into the ovaries from the full flowering period to the full flowering end period, and avoiding the leaves as much as possible; timely replenishing fertilizer water after pollination; pass 2: spraying fruits at intervals of 8-12 days, and avoiding leaves as much as possible;

3) After the fruit-preserving medicament is used, fertilizer and water are supplemented, the microclimate temperature of a garden is reduced, nutrition is supplemented, and fruit drop is reduced.

Preferably, the variety of the southern sweet cherry is Jiang Najin, brux, samado, jiangnan Red or Raney.

By adopting the technical scheme, the invention researches the requirement of sweet cherry fruits on hormone through the nutrient requirement characteristics of the sweet cherry; the influence of hormone on the quality and yield of the fruits further obtains the sweet cherry fruit-preserving composition, the best use effect is obtained through experiments, the fruit setting rate of the sweet cherry in the south is increased, and the yield and income are increased.

Drawings

FIG. 1, project team develops field fruit retention agent treatment in Pujiang, hangzhou, yellow rock; and (3) injection: the color-developing marking liquid is added into the fruit retention agent, and the color of the fruit retention agent is sprayed to be pink; the color of the non-sprayed fruit retention agent is white.

Figure 2. Figure 2 is a graph of fruit retention agent treatment promoting adult tree results.

Figure 3. B-type fruit retention agent promoted sapling results.

Figure 4 is a graph showing the effect of exogenous hormone treatment on the development of fruit quality Jiang Najin.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing the effect of exogenous hormone treatment on the ripening development of Raney fruits.

FIG. 6 shows an expression pattern of a gene involved in sucrose synthesis of Jiang Najin.

FIG. 7 shows the expression pattern of the exogenous hormone-treated Jiang Najin fruit ripening and softening related genes.

FIG. 8 shows the expression pattern of exogenous hormone treated Jiang Najin peel anthocyanin synthesis related genes.

FIG. 9 shows expression patterns of genes involved in the synthesis of rani sucrose.

FIG. 10 shows expression patterns of genes related to the maturation and softening of Raney fruits.

FIG. 11 shows expression patterns of genes involved in anthocyanin synthesis from Raney pericarp.

FIG. 12 is a graph showing the effect of exogenous hormones on endogenous hormones in Jiang Najin fruits.

FIG. 13 is a graph showing the effect of exogenous hormones on endogenous hormones in Raney fruits.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments are clearly and completely described below in connection with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Example 1 sweet cherry flower and fruit preserving agent

1) Preparing

3 complexing agents, labeled complexing agent A, B and type C, which can increase yield, have been initially screened before project execution. The product is prepared by mixing gibberellin with different concentrations, cell division number, auxin, anti-falling agent and the like.

Type a: 150mg/L GA 3+40 mg/L6-BA+12 mg/L NAA+3 mg/L KT-30

Type B: 100mg/L GA 3+27 mg/L6-BA+8 mg/L NAA+2 mg/L KT-30

Type C: 100mg/L GA 3+27 mg/L6-BA.

) Notice of using flower and fruit protecting agent

According to the basis of cultivation and variety selection of the sweet cherry in the south of many years, preconditions for using the flower and fruit preserving agent are integrated. Combines the flower and fruit preserving technology of the sweet cherry in the greenhouse and combines the experience training and summarizing of the use in the yellow rock to integrate the use method of the fruit preserving agent.

) Precondition for use of fruit retention agent:

preferentially selecting a more suitable variety and matched stock; the key technology of rain-sheltering and sun-shading facilities is used in the cultivation technology, and particularly the management technology of the flowers and fruits is needed. The tree body with poor management before flowers has poor use effect. And (3) culturing the strong tree non-vigorous tree, so as to prevent the weak tree from being cultured for improving the yield. Bird damage prevention, fruit cracking, extreme disastrous weather, and the like can result in reduced yields.

) The use method of the fruit retention agent comprises the following steps:

the fruit retention agent is required to be used on sunny days. High quality flowers are a prerequisite for the use of fruit retention agents. Poor quality of flowers caused by drought in the flowering phase, weak fertility and the like, and the fruit-retaining agent cannot ensure fruit-bearing efficiency. The water (small water or reclaimed water) before watering flowers can be taken with water to supply root-nourishing rooting agent to promote root system development (conventional management). 2 times, pass 1: spraying the flowering cores (contacting ovaries) from the full flowering period to the full flowering end period, and avoiding the leaves as much as possible. Fertilizer water is timely supplemented after pollination (conventional management). Pass 2: the fruits are sprayed at intervals of about 10 days, and the leaves are avoided as much as possible. Fertilizer and water are supplemented, the microclimate temperature of the garden is reduced, nutrition is supplemented, and fruit drop is reduced (conventional management). Most of the sweet cherry garden soil in Zhejiang province is too acidic, the soil viscosity is high, the drainage property is poor, the organic matter content is low, the growth of the sweet cherry is not facilitated, the daily management is poor, and especially the tree body with poor pre-flowers management cannot guarantee the use effect of the flower and fruit retention agent.

) Effect of use

And selecting 5-6 years old dwarf stock, normal growth, and tree vigor of a hammer-like Jiangnan brocade, bruce, jiangnan red, sa Mi Tuo, honghui, raney and the like from the unit test base for carrying out fruit retention agent tests. A, B and C type are sprayed in the full bloom stage, and the 2 nd spraying is performed after 10 days. The type C reagent was sprayed a third time 10 days after the 2 nd spray. When spraying, 6 plants of each formulation of each variety are sprayed, each tree is divided into two sides, half plants are sprayed with the reagent, the leaves are pink, and half plants are not sprayed (figure 2). No water control was set up for the test. In the early period, observation experiments have confirmed that economic yield cannot be achieved without spraying the fruit retention agent, so that the yield increase efficiency of the fruit retention agent is compared among 3 fruit retention agents. The yield was counted at maturity. The results show that the yield of the type B is the largest in all tested varieties, the yield increasing effect is the best (table 1), and compared with the type A and the type C, the type A has better treatment effect on brocade, red honey and Raney in Jiangnan; however, the treatment of salmeterol, jiangnan Red and Brookfield in type C is better than that in type A. In addition, the C type needs to be sprayed for 3 times, the A type is high in preparation cost, and the composite reagent B is recommended to be used according to the comprehensive test result.

TABLE 1 effect of base fruit retention agent

Yield (kg/6 strain 0.5)	Jiang Najin	Brux (r)	Jiang Nanhong	Sami stripper	Honey with red colour	Raney Ni
							Does not spray	5	3	4	6	4	3
Spraying composite reagent A	18.4	16.1	13.0	18.4	15.0	15.3
							Spraying compositeReagent B	20.5	23.7	17.3	25.0	15.9	17.1
Spraying composite reagent C	12.0	16.9	14.0	22.7	13.4	14.9
							Yield of B is increased (%)	11.4	47.2	33.1	35.8	6.0	11.7
Yield of B is increased (%)	70.8	40.2	23.5	10.1	18.6	14.8
							Average yield of B ratio A to C (%)	34.9	43.6	28.1	21.4	12.0	13.2

To test whether the fruit retention agent can lead to early fruiting, it was sprayed on a small number of saplings at the unit test base, and the fruit retention agent showed an effect of promoting fruit setting although it only entered fruiting period and the fruit setting rate reference value was not very good (not shown) (fig. 3).

Meanwhile, in order to further understand the effect of the fruit retention agent, fruit retention agent tests are carried out on Pujiang, tung cottage and sea salt at low altitudes (0-200 m) in the province, sweet cherry parks such as Jian De and the like at high altitudes (600-800 m) in the mountain region, test results in the regions are assisted to show that the varieties are different and the dependence on the flower retention and fruit retention agents is different, wherein the dependence on Jiangnan brocade, red honey and sagittaria is lower, and good yield is obtained from Brooks, jiangnan red, raney, early fruits and the like, and flower retention and fruit retention agents are suggested to be used. Fruit retention agents are recommended in the Zhejiang low-middle sea area, and flower and fruit retention agents are not needed in the high-altitude area.

Example 2 Effect of exogenous hormone (fruit-protecting agent Main ingredient) on sweet cherry yield and fruit quality

The Jiang Najin variety with relatively small dependence on the fruit retention agent and the Raney variety with relatively large dependence are selected as test objects, gibberellin and cytokinin BA which are main components of the fruit retention agent are selected to study the influence of exogenous hormone on the yield and fruit quality of the sweet cherry in the south, the treatment mode is the same as that of the fruit retention agent, and the treatment combination is shown in Table 2.

) Influence of exogenous hormone treatment on fruit setting rate and fruit quality of sweet cherry

For Jiang Najin (Table 3), the A1 treatment effect is best, and the higher fruit setting rate can be obtained, the single fruit weight of the fruit is favorable for improving the quality of the fruit, and the early ripening is promoted. B4 treatment is performed. B2 treatment showed the highest fruit setting rate, but smaller fruits.

Raney has a large dependence on exogenous hormone treatment, and has no exogenous hormone treatment, and is difficult to obtain in Zhejiang province (Table 4). Gibberellins alone also do not achieve economic yields within the experimental range. In the experimental range, the highest fruit setting rate can be obtained by C3 treatment, but the fruits are smaller, and the average fruit weight of the Raney variety is not reached. Similar to the treatments A4 and A5, the treatment C2 has the highest content of soluble solids, promotes premature ripening, but has low fruit setting rate. B4, the fruit setting rate is relatively high, single fruits are heavy and good in quality.

In contrast to the effects of exogenous hormones on Jiang Najin and Raney, the best treatment for Jiang Najin A1, jiang Najin may require lower gibberellin concentrations, while Raney tends to be more highly gibberellin, and gibberellin alone does not work well. B4 treatment was relatively good for 2 varieties. The general formula is convenient to use in actual damage, so the fruit retention agent with B4 as a core is suggested to have use advantages. With the continuous increase of test data, a wider range of fruit-holding agents and more targeted fruit-holding agents are possible to be obtained in the future for the extensive test of different varieties.

TABLE 2 treatment combinations of exogenous hormones for sweet cherry fruit setting rate and quality impact

TABLE 3 influence of exogenous hormone treatment on Jiang Najin fruit setting rate and fruit quality

Group of

Fruit setting rate (%)

Single fruit weight (g)

Edible Rate (%)

Soluble solids (%)

Soluble sugar (%)

Titratable acid (%)

Pericarp anthocyanin (mg/g)

A0

5.04

3.64±0.37 d

84.94±4.62 c

12.97±0.55 cdefgh

8.37±0.00 e

0.27±0.04 bcde

19.11±0.05 j

A1

29.16

5.65±0.64 a

92.75±2.95 a

20.37±0.85 a

10.94±0.00 a

0.33±0.05 bcd

29.85±0.09 a

A2

13.40

4.14±0.57 cd

87.50±5.38 abc

17.00±0.69 abcd

8.82±0.01 c

0.17±0.03 e

25.24±0.17 c

A3

12.82

5.42±0.60 ab

91.96±3.43 a

18.73±0.90 ab

8.49±0.01 d

0.34±0.05 bc

28.44±0.15 b

A4

4.98

4.16±0.60 cd

89.01±4.38 abc

13.50±1.93 cdefgh

7.92±0.00 g

0.38±0.05 b

20.25±0.08 h

A5

9.22

4.38±0.47 cd

90.37±3.18 abc

16.40±1.65 abcde

9.37±0.00 b

0.39±0.05 b

22.08±0.07 f

A6

11.17

5.43±0.54 ab

87.40±1.67 abc

16.10±1.47 abcde

7.21±0.01 j

0.33±0.07 bcd

19.31±0.05 i

B0

7.14

3.85±0.22 cd

79.28±1.30 d

12.03±0.64 efgh

3.78±0.01 s

0.59±0.07 a

15.06±0.07 n

B1

7.07

3.91±0.30 cd

92.23±1.50 a

14.70±1.45 bcdef

5.23±0.00 o

0.52±0.03 a

16.42±0.01 m

B2

34.45

4.31±0.70 cd

87.53±5.98 abc

17.57±1.39 abc

7.18±0.01 k

0.51±0.06 a

21.38±0.06 g

B3

7.83

4.60±0.56 bcd

85.57±2.67 bc

16.43±1.86 abcde

9.38±0.01 b

0.29±0.04 bcde

24.11±0.03 d

B4

28.53

5.44±0.73 ab

92.68±4.58 a

13.87±1.37 cdefg

7.85±0.01 h

0.26±0.03 bcde

10.99±0.10 p

B5

6.72

4.56±0.64 bcd

91.69±1.33 abc

15.73±1.01 bcde

7.94±0.01 f

0.32±0.03 bcd

18.39±0.33 k

B6

8.59

4.33±0.66 cd

88.62±0.58 abc

12.83±1.17 cdefgh

7.23±0.00 i

0.19±0.03 e

16.92±0.04 l

C0

4.70

4.76±0.62 bcd

92.57±1.94 a

10.33±2.10 fgh

5.66±0.01 n

0.54±0.03 a

21.42±0.07 g

C1

3.29

3.91±0.46 cd

89.04±1.36 abc

9.17±2.31 hi

5.94±0.00 l

0.29±0.06 bcde

23.54±0.11 e

C2

3.41

2.39±0.44 cd

93.18±0.18 a

9.43±3.32 ghi

4.18±0.00 r

0.29±0.04 bcde

13.91±0.04 o

C3

3.53

2.26±0.20 cd

90.07±2.30 abc

12.23±1.97 defgh

4.73±0.00 p

0.21±0.03 de

18.32±0.11 k

C4

1.96

2.65±1.29 cd

89.21±2.34 abc

6.53±2.83 i

2.83±0.00 t

0.25±0.04 cde

9.73±0.14 r

C5

7.28

2.49±0.74 cd

91.59±0.93 abc

16.83±1.46 abcde

4.40±0.02 q

0.27±0.05 bcde

10.67±0.03 q

C6

8.01

3.16±1.02 bcd

92.35±0.30 a

14.80±1.75 bcdef

5.88±0.01 m

0.29±0.03 bcde

13.87±0.14 o

TABLE 4 influence of exogenous hormone treatment on Raney fruit setting rate and fruit quality

Group of

Fruit setting rate (%)

Single fruit weight (g)

Edible Rate (%)

Soluble solids (%)

Soluble sugar (%)

Titratable acid (%)

Pericarp anthocyanin (mg/g)

A0

0.00

/

/

/

/

/

/

A1

0.00

/

/

/

/

/

/

A2

0.00

/

/

/

/

/

/

A3

0.00

/

/

/

/

/

/

A4

3.04

8.70±0.52 b

91.09±2.55 abc

13.75±0.21 a

6.51±0.00 g

0.29±0.03 cde

27.68±0.08 a

A5

3.66

10.30±0.66 a

94.73±0.26 a

14.80±0.44 a

6.98±0.05 e

0.47±0.07 b

17.88±0.06 i

A6

3.54

6.91±0.28 cde

94.60±0.41 a

10.95±0.49 bc

5.86±0.01 j

0.21±0.03 ef

12.99±0.05 l

B0

3.05

7.89±0.49 bcd

92.24±0.42 ab

12.20±0.28 b

9.05±0.00 c

0.20±0.04 f

21.39±0.13 f

B1

14.02

6.97±1.14 cde

92.30±1.87 ab

12.13±0.60 b

7.33±0.05 d

0.32±0.05 cd

20.06±0.19 h

B2

2.26

6.34±1.21 def

92.16±1.85 ab

11.53±0.35 bc

4.44±0.10 k

0.30±0.03 cd

22.07±0.08 e

B3

12.73

8.13±0.72 bc

93.83±2.36 a

12.33±0.58 b

7.32±0.00 d

0.66±0.03 a

17.90±0.08 i

B4

24.34

9.68±1.29ab

92.15±6.48 ab

11.27±0.50 bc

6.89±0.00 f

0.45±0.03 b

14.93±0.08 k

B5

7.87

5.99±0.74 ef

91.44±1.34 abc

11.13±0.85 bc

6.31±0.00 h

0.31±0.03 cd

22.27±0.17 d

B6

0.00

/

/

/

/

/

/

C0

2.78

4.74±1.36 f

92.48±2.54 ab

10.07±0.85 c

4.42±0.00 k

0.31±0.04 cd

20.39±0.11 g

C1

2.33

5.47±0.96 ef

89.28±2.49 abc

8.73±0.61 d

2.79±0.00 l

0.25±0.03 def

15.85±0.15 j

C2

8.37

6.16±0.88 ef

90.33±2.13 abc

14.23±0.51 a

10.21±0.00 a

0.27±0.03 cdef

22.62±0.14 c

C3

33.98

5.64±0.83 ef

86.27±1.21 c

11.87±0.23 b

5.96±0.00 i

0.26±0.03 def

24.40±0.03 b

C4

0.00

/

/

/

/

/

/

C5

0.00

/

/

/

/

/

/

C6

6.48

5.36±1.19 ef

90.51±3.59 abc

9.97±0.91 c

9.91±0.01 b

0.36±0.03 c

13.04±0.21 l

2) Influence of exogenous hormone treatment on antioxidant enzyme activity and sucrose synthase activity of sweet cherry fruits

The fruit antioxidant capacity is closely related to the quality after harvest, and the content of antioxidant enzyme in the fruits of brocade in Jiangnan is generally unobvious (Table 5). The A group treatment has higher activity of the whole SOD and GA ₃ The treated POD with higher concentration was overall lower. B4 treated fruits all had the highest activities of three antioxidant enzymes SOD, POD and APX. The sucrose synthase SS and sucrose phosphate synthase SPS content in the harvested fruit (table 6) was detected, with both the SS and SPS unit enzyme activities being highest in the A1 treated fruit, 75.14% and 25.07% higher than B4 treatment, respectively, and also significantly higher than all other treatments. The A1 treatment has the best effect of promoting the synthesis of fruit sucrose, and is consistent with the result of the content of soluble sugar in fruits.

After the result of exogenous hormone treatment on the Raney variety, the activity of the POD enzyme of the A group treatment unit is highest at the time of maturation, and the content of the antioxidant enzyme is generally similar to Jiang Najin after exogenous treatment and has no obvious rule. The Sucrose Synthase (SS) and Sucrose Phosphate Synthase (SPS) levels were highest in the C2 treated fruits, 68.03% and 79.74% higher than in the B4 method, respectively, and also significantly higher than in all other treatments (table 6).

TABLE 5 influence of exogenous hormone on the antioxidant capacity of Jiang Najin fruits and sucrose synthesis

Group of	POD(U/g)	SOD(U/g)	APX(U/g)	SS(U/g)	SPS(U/g)
						A0	2456.13±16.47 c	1152.79±0.92 f	3.45±0.27 a	1039.78±0.17 g	566.36±0.95 j
A1	2418.09±31.09 d	1160.23±1.60 e	3.39±0.37 a	1368.23±0.17 a	876.63±0.22 a
						A2	2596.41±7.13 a	1164.52±2.46 d	3.21±0.45 a	559.94±0.67 s	529.88±0.25 k
A3	2303.96±7.13 f	1079.92±2.22 k	3.27±0.55 a	1082.99±0.42 e	351.03±0.82 r
						A4	2104.24±7.13 j	1201.29±1.68 b	3.63±0.10 a	917.92±0.44 l	317.23±0.22 s
A5	1909.27±4.12 m	1096.04±1.71 i	3.21±0.72 a	1208.58±0.30 c	635.48±0.82 g
						A6	2125.63±31.09 ij	1123.67±3.19 h	3.33±0.95 a	980.18±0.69 k	680.88±0.88 e
B0	1966.33±8.24 l	1155.97±2.44 f	3.63±0.68 a	487.96±0.58 t	237.53±0.13 t
						B1	2510.82±35.67 b	1074.61±1.67 l	2.91±0.41 a	1169.95±0.15 d	371.99±0.55 p
B2	2572.64±21.79 a	1013.20±0.77 o	3.09±0.55 a	1004.98±0.33 h	353.79±0.65 q
						B3	2230.25±10.90 g	1072.21±1.44 l	3.93±0.10 a	1241.93±0.36 b	672.25±0.88 f
B4	2603.55±31.09 a	1212.58±1.97 a	3.27±0.52 a	781.23±0.30 p	700.90±0.25 c
						B5	2363.40±4.12 e	979.79±2.65 q	3.75±0.10 a	721.87±0.77 q	710.84±1.00 b
B6	2484.66±8.24 b	1154.91±2.43 f	3.45±0.72 a	1049.01±0.38 f	579.78±0.91 i
						C0	2375.29±7.13 e	1024.37±2.06 n	3.51±1.17 a	986.85±0.59 j	630.40±0.66 h
C1	2235.01±10.90 g	1066.96±2.18 m	3.45±0.45 a	1001.50±0.36 i	517.33±0.45 l
						C2	2294.45±8.24 f	973.87±1.26 r	3.45±0.27 a	849.33±0.15 n	687.92±0.33 d
C3	2009.13±4.12 k	1178.60±2.50 c	3.21±0.37 a	888.73±0.72 m	474.98±0.38 n
						C4	2177.94±14.85 h	999.57±3.46 p	3.93±0.37 a	796.69±0.25 o	505.37±0.76 m
C5	2280.18±4.12 f	1087.70±3.05 j	3.51±0.65 a	588.12±0.08 r	453.80±0.76 o
						C6	2144.66±8.24 i	1145.42±4.81 g	3.39±0.85 a	436.15±0.94 u	238.03±0.44 t

TABLE 6 influence of exogenous hormone on the antioxidant capacity of Raney fruits and sucrose Synthesis

Group of	POD(U/g)	SOD(U/g)	APX(U/g)	SS(U/g)	SPS(U/g)
						A0	/	/	/	/	/
A1	/	/	/	/	/
						A2	/	/	/	/	/
A3	/	/	/	/	/
						A4	1172.19±8.24 a	1240.90±3.52 k	3.03±0.10 cd	846.48±1.51 i	422.98±0.78 h
A5	1074.71±10.90 bc	1327.20±2.96 h	3.69±0.36 abc	1314.82±0.15 c	753.77±0.45 c
						A6	981.98±4.12 e	1368.21±1.17 e	1.72±0.31 f	855.18±0.72 h	386.35±0.13 i
B0	1034.29±7.13 d	1348.14±2.29 g	3.99±0.27 ab	782.97±1.25 j	293.08±0.38 l
						B1	1088.97±4.12 b	1317.55±5.55 i	3.99±0.10 ab	636.89±1.26 l	294.39±1.09 k
B2	991.49±21.40 e	1360.13±1.16 f	4.16±0.10 a	441.42±0.29 n	493.55±0.45 f
						B3	1055.68±18.87 cd	1461.24±4.47 a	3.87±0.31 ab	681.26±0.25 k	231.29±0.78 m
B4	1098.48±7.13 b	1397.76±3.20 d	4.11±0.37 a	892.35±0.36 g	463.59±0.55 g
						B5	927.29±7.13 f	1214.29±0.99 l	2.73±0.45 de	1240.62±0.67 d	293.08±0.22 l
B6	/	/	/	/	/
						C0	1148.41±0.00 a	1175.33±0.94 m	3.45±0.27 abc	1086.96±0.51 f	574.49±0.25 e
C1	1093.73±22.93 b	1404.07±4.39 c	3.33±0.47 bcd	624.85±0.50 m	353.86±0.82 j
						C2	863.09±7.13 g	1302.31±2.88 j	2.37±0.10 e	1497.78±3.10 a	833.26±0.13 a
C3	1146.04±10.90 a	1422.50±1.24 b	3.33±0.18 bcd	1203.26±0.72 e	599.72±0.76 d
						C4	/	/	/	/	/
C5	/	/	/	/	/
						C6	1043.80±29.70 d	1394.27±2.09 d	3.45±0.10 abc	1430.93±0.65 b	790.47±0.22 b

3) Effect of exogenous hormone treatment on sweet cherry fruit development Process

The fruit quality in each treatment harvest period is comprehensively compared, the content of soluble sugar and the content of soluble solids in pulp are taken as main evaluation indexes, and three treatment groups with the best effect on the fruit quality are respectively screened out for 2 varieties by combining the indexes of fruit size, anthocyanin content in pericarp and the like, and the difference between the treatment groups and the development process of the B4 treated fruit is compared, so that a foundation is laid for further obtaining stronger pertinence and further improving the fruit retention agent.

With fruit development, the fruit size, TSS, soluble sugar and anthocyanin content of the pericarp all tend to rise. For Jiang Najin, the fruit development progress of the 3 treatments was earlier than that of the B4 treatment (fig. 4). Except for the unobvious later differences in single fruit weight, the TSS and sugar content of the fruit and pericarp anthocyanin treated by A1 are increased earlier, and the difference between the fruit and fruit TSS and sugar content and B4 is obvious during the harvesting period. Dynamic measurements of fruit development and quality development found that C2 significantly promoted the progress of rani fruit development and was significantly higher than B4 levels during harvest (fig. 5).

) Effect of exogenous hormone treatment on sweet cherry fruit sucrose synthesis, maturation softening and pericarp anthocyanin synthesis-related Gene expression

Comprehensively comparing fruit quality in each treatment harvest period, taking the content of soluble sugar and the content of soluble solid in pulp as main evaluation indexes, combining the indexes such as fruit size, anthocyanin content in pericarp and the like, respectively screening out three treatment groups with the best effect on fruit quality for 2 varieties, and comparing the three treatment groups with sucrose synthase genes related to B4 treatment fruits and sucrose synthesisSS1、 SS6Sucrose phosphate synthase geneSPSA1ABA synthase genes related to maturation softeningNCED1，Polygalacturonase genePG1Xylanase geneXYL1Anthocyanin synthase pathway genePAL，CHS，DFR，ANSSum of transcription factorsMYB10The difference in expression level was as follows:

a1 treatment of fruitSS1And (3) withSPSA1The expression quantity is the highest, and the displaySignificantly higher than the other 3 groups, which is consistent with fruit sugar content and sucrose synthase content. WhileSS6The expression level is not obviously different among different treatments. The A1 treatment has the effect of promoting the synthesis of fruit sucrose (FIG. 6). The results of the expression of the mature softening related synthetase genes also show that A1 treatment promotes maturation, in particularXYL1The expression level was significantly higher than in the other treatments (fig. 7). A1 treatment also promotes anthocyanin synthase pathway genesCHS，DFR， ANSAnd transcription factorMYB10Is shown (FIG. 8).

In Raney fruits, C2 is treatedSS1And (3) withSPSA1The expression quantity is obviously higher than that of A5, C6 and B4,SS6the expression level is not obviously different among different treatments. 2 varieties have similar results, possibly indicatingSS1Is a key gene in sweet cherry that controls sucrose synthesis (fig. 9). Among the fruits of C2, A5 and C6NCED1And (3) withXYL1In the pericarpPAL，DFR，ANSAnd (3) withMYB10The expression levels of (a) were higher than those of B4 (FIG. 10, FIG. 11). Compared with B4, the three treatments obviously promote the ripening of the Raney fruits.

) Effect of exogenous hormone treatment on endogenous hormone of sweet cherry fruit

In Jiang Najin fruit development, GA _S The IAA/ABA population shows a tendency of descending and then ascending, GA _S IAA peaks and fluctuates until one week before harvest, ABA rising continuously from the hard core period (fig. 12).

A1, A5 and B3 endogenous hormones all change earlier than B4 along with the development time of fruits, and GA thereof _s The rising bell crank appears at 20d after treatment and the IAA bell crank appears at 20 d-25 d after treatment, each of which is about 5 d earlier than B4. This suggests that these 3 treatments more promote fruit development and ripening than the B4 treatment. ABA treated differently maintained similar levels and variation laws with fruit development time.

The development of the rani fruit proceeds slightly later than Jiang Najin, which is consistent with the late ripening of rani Jiang Najin. The endogenous hormones in C2 treatment were changed earlier with the days of fruit development than in B4 treatment. The other groups were not significantly different. (FIG. 13). The level and the change of the endogenous hormone are also important regulating factors of physiological fruit drop, and the dynamic change of the endogenous hormone is earlier than that of B4 in the study, so that the effects of obviously promoting maturation and improving the quality of fruits during harvest are achieved.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. The generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. The sweet cherry fruit-preserving composition is characterized by comprising the following effective components in percentage by mass:

90-120 parts by weight of GA3, 25-30 parts by weight of 6-BA, 5-10 parts by weight of NAA and 1-3 parts by weight of KT-30.

2. The sweet cherry fruit-preserving composition according to claim 1, wherein the effective components of the composition are composed of the following components in percentage by mass: 100 parts by weight of GA3, 27 parts by weight of 6-BA, 8 parts by weight of NAA and 2 parts by weight of KT-30.

3. A sweet cherry fruit-preserving agent comprising the composition of claim 1 or 2.

4. A sweet cherry fruit-holding medicament according to claim 3, which is in the form of a liquid comprising 90-120mg/LGA3, 25-30mg/L6-BA, 5-10mg/LNAA and 1-3mg/LKT-30.

5. The sweet cherry fruit-holding medicament according to claim 4, comprising 100mg/LGA3, 27mg/L6-BA, 8mg/LNAA and 2mg/LKT-30.

6. A sweet cherry fruit-preserving agent according to claim 3, further comprising an organic solvent and one or more of a solubilizing agent, an antioxidant, and a surfactant.

7. Use of the composition of any one of claims 1-2 and the fruit-preserving agent of any one of claims 3-6 to promote fruit set on sweet cherries in the south.

8. Use of a composition according to any one of claims 1-2 and a fruit-preserving agent according to any one of claims 3-6 for the manufacture of a medicament for promoting fruit setting of prunus cerasifera.

9. A method for promoting fruit setting of a sweet cherry in the south, which is characterized in that the method sprays the fruit-preserving agent in any one of claims 3-6 to fruit trees; the spraying method comprises the following steps:

1) Irrigating the pre-flowering water before the fruit-preserving agent is used, and taking the rooting agent with water to promote root system development;

2) The fruit-holding medicament is used for 2 times on sunny days;

pass 1: spraying the flowering cores to contact ovaries in the full bloom stage-full bloom end stage, and avoiding leaves as much as possible; timely replenishing fertilizer water after pollination; pass 2: spraying fruits at intervals of 8-12 days, and avoiding leaves as much as possible;

3) After the fruit-preserving medicament is used, fertilizer and water are supplemented, the microclimate temperature of a garden is reduced, nutrition is supplemented, and fruit drop is reduced.

10. The method for promoting fruit set of sweet cherries in south of claim 9, wherein the variety of sweet cherries in south is Jiang Najin, brux, samider, reddish in south of the Yangtze river or rani.