CN109511413B - Method for promoting fruiting of winter shoots of hybrid oranges - Google Patents
Method for promoting fruiting of winter shoots of hybrid oranges Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
- A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
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- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
- C05G5/23—Solutions
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for promoting winter shoot fruiting of Or and relates to the technical field of planting; the method comprises the following steps: spraying a potassium nitrate solution to the surface of the winter tip till the surface is wet in 12-month middle ten days, spraying a mixed liquid medicine to the surface of the winter tip till the surface is dry, and spraying the potassium nitrate solution and the mixed liquid medicine once every 10-15 days for 3 times; the mixed liquid medicine is mainly prepared by mixing organic polypeptidase, amino-oligosaccharin and water according to the weight ratio of 0.4:0.2: 600-800; after the mixed liquid medicine is used for 1-3 days each time, spraying an antifreezing agent to the whole crown of the Or, wherein the antifreezing agent comprises the following raw materials: radix Ophiopogonis extract, soybean polypeptide, alanine, cysteine, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and water. The winter shoots of the wontons treated by the method are robust, the leaves are thick, the green turning is fast, the aging is fast, the flower buds are normally differentiated, and the winter shoots can normally bear fruits as in autumn.
Description
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention relates to the technical field of planting, in particular to a method for promoting winter shoot fruiting of Or citrus.
[ background of the invention ]
The Or (Orah) is a hybrid of the Temple orange and the Simi red orange, is derived from Israel, has the advantages of strong tree vigor, beautiful fruit appearance, excellent quality, high sugar content after ripening, high yield in early bearing, high selling price and the like, has developed over 150 ten thousand mu in short years, is newly increased at the speed of 20-30 ten thousand mu every year, and is the fastest variety developed in the planting history of the Mandarin orange in China. The new shoots extracted before and after the citrus is in winter are called winter shoots, and the citrus spring, summer, autumn and winter shoots can become fruiting mother branches under the conditions of full maturity and sufficient nutrition. The Or citrus can grow fast, after the first batch of the Citrus reticulata Blanco is aged, a large number of winter shoots can be taken out under the conditions of proper temperature, abundant water and excessive nutrition, the winter shoots have the characteristics of difficult aging, easy freezing damage at low temperature and incapability of flowering mostly in the next year, the common method is to spray paclobutrazol or girdling to inhibit the germination of the winter shoots when the autumn shoots turn green, if the winter shoots germinate, the winter shoots are erased or forced to ripen before cooling by the traditional method for treating the winter shoots, but the method is time-consuming and labor-consuming, especially for orchards with large planting areas, manual operation is lacked, the more outbreaks can be caused due to improper erasing operation, the ripening can be only partially accelerated to ripen before cooling, and the ripened shoot branches have fewer fruits and serious fruit drop in the second year. Therefore, a method for promoting the winter shoots of the citrus woolly to be mature and normally result is needed to be found, and the method can also be used as a remedy for controlling the failure of the winter shoots.
[ summary of the invention ]
Aiming at the problems, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method for promoting the fruiting of the winter tips of the woolly oranges, the winter tips treated by the method are robust, thick in leaves, fast in green turning, fast in aging and normal in flower bud differentiation, and can normally fruit as the autumn happens slightly in the next year.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method of promoting wakame winter shoot fruiting, the method comprising: spraying a potassium nitrate solution to the surface of the winter tip till the surface is wet in 12-month middle ten days, spraying a mixed liquid medicine to the surface of the winter tip till the surface is dry, and spraying the potassium nitrate solution and the mixed liquid medicine once every 10-15 days for 3 times; the mixed liquid medicine is mainly prepared by mixing organic polypeptidase, amino-oligosaccharin and water according to the weight ratio of 0.4:0.2: 600-800.
Further, the concentration of the potassium nitrate solution is 0.5-1.5%.
Further, the method further comprises the step of spraying an antifreezing agent to the whole crown of the Or after the mixed liquid medicine is used for 1-3 days each time, wherein the antifreezing agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-7 parts of dwarf lilyturf tuber extract, 0.2-0.8 part of soybean polypeptide, 0.5-1 part of alanine, 0.3-0.8 part of cysteine, 2-5 parts of monopotassium phosphate and 800 parts of water.
Further, the preparation method of the radix ophiopogonis extract comprises the following steps: pulverizing dried radix Ophiopogonis tuber, adding 6-10 weight times of water, leaching at 80-90 deg.C in water bath for 1-2 hr, centrifuging, filtering to obtain filtrate, concentrating the filtrate to 1/3, adding 90-95% ethanol solution, standing to precipitate, filtering to obtain precipitate, and drying.
Further, the method also comprises the step of spraying the insecticide once every 20 to 25 days from 12 middle of the month and continuously spraying for 2 to 3 times, wherein the insecticide is imidacloprid or abamectin, and the insecticide is diluted by 1000-1500 times with water before use.
Further, the spraying of the potassium nitrate solution and the mixed liquid medicine is carried out in the evening of a sunny day or in a cloudy day.
The organic polypeptidase and the amino-oligosaccharin can be obtained from the market.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the potassium nitrate solution has the effects of promoting stomata of the winter tip leaves to open, increasing the absorption rate of the mixed liquid medicine and providing nutrient components; the organic polypeptide enzyme can activate various enzymes of plants, promote the rapid absorption of nutrients and enhance the anabolic capacity of the plants; the amino-oligosaccharin is rich in carbon and nitrogen, and can provide nutrients, activate cells and enhance stress resistance. The method comprises the steps of firstly treating the leaves with a potassium nitrate solution to open pores of the leaves, then spraying organic polypeptidase and base oligosaccharins, activating cells and various enzymes of the young shoots, enabling anabolism to be vigorous, enabling nutrients to rapidly enter plant cells through the pores and synthesize cell substances, further promoting lengthening and thickening growth of the young shoots, enabling the leaves to become thick and green, achieving the purpose of rapid aging, and meanwhile accumulating sufficient nutrients in the winter shoots along with enhancement of photosynthesis and accumulation of nutrients to prepare for flower bud differentiation in the coming year. After the method is used for processing, the summer oranges can quickly accumulate nutrients on winter tips, the branches are robust, the leaves are thick, the green turning is quick, the aging is quick, the formation of flower buds is facilitated, and the winter oranges can normally bloom and fruit as the autumn tips.
The radix ophiopogonis extract in the antifreezing agent is rich in polysaccharide and organic matters; the soybean polypeptide contains free amino acids, saccharides and inorganic salt components, and has water absorption; the compound amino acid, the cysteine and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate act together to supplement nutrition for plants, improve the concentration of cell sap, form a protective film, prevent blades from being frozen, improve the stress resistance of the whole citrus reiliana plants and provide guarantee for winter shoot aging.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
The following examples are provided to further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention.
The organic polypeptidase and the amino-oligosaccharin of the following examples were obtained commercially.
Example 1
The present embodiment provides a method for promoting winter shoot fruiting in citrus plants, the method comprising: spraying a potassium nitrate solution with the concentration of 0.5% to the surface of the winter tip in 12-month middle ten days till the surface is wet, spraying a mixed liquid medicine to the surface of the winter tip after the surface is dry, and spraying the potassium nitrate solution and the mixed liquid medicine once every 10 days for 3 times; the mixed liquid medicine is mainly prepared by mixing organic polypeptidase, amino-oligosaccharin and water in a weight ratio of 0.4:0.2: 600. The potassium nitrate solution and the mixed liquid medicine are sprayed in the evening of a sunny day.
After the mixed liquid medicine is used for 1 day each time, spraying an antifreezing agent to the whole crown of the Or, wherein the antifreezing agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3 parts of dwarf lilyturf tuber extract, 0.2 part of soybean polypeptide, 0.5 part of alanine, 0.3 part of cysteine, 2 parts of monopotassium phosphate and 500 parts of water. The preparation method of the radix ophiopogonis extract comprises the following steps: pulverizing dried radix Ophiopogonis tuber, adding into 6 weight times of water, leaching at 80 deg.C in water bath for 1 hr, centrifuging, filtering to obtain filtrate, concentrating the filtrate to 1/3 of original volume, adding into 90% ethanol solution, standing until precipitate is separated out, filtering to obtain precipitate, and drying.
Spraying insecticide once every 20 days from 12 middle of the month, continuously spraying for 2 times, wherein the insecticide is imidacloprid, and diluting with water 1000 times before use.
Example 2
The present embodiment provides a method for promoting winter shoot fruiting in citrus plants, the method comprising: spraying a potassium nitrate solution with the concentration of 1.5% to the surface of the winter tip in the middle ten days of 12 months until the surface is wet, spraying a mixed liquid medicine to the surface of the winter tip after the surface is dry, and spraying the potassium nitrate solution and the mixed liquid medicine once every 15 days for 3 times; the mixed liquid medicine is mainly prepared by mixing organic polypeptidase, amino-oligosaccharin and water in a weight ratio of 0.4:0.2: 800. The spraying of the potassium nitrate solution and the mixed liquid medicine is carried out in cloudy days.
After the mixed liquid medicine is used for 3 days each time, spraying an antifreezing agent to the whole crown of the Or, wherein the antifreezing agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 7 parts of radix ophiopogonis extract, 0.8 part of soybean polypeptide, 1 part of alanine, 0.8 part of cysteine, 5 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 800 parts of water. The preparation method of the radix ophiopogonis extract comprises the following steps: pulverizing dried radix Ophiopogonis tuber, adding 10 weight times of water, leaching in water bath at 90 deg.C for 2 hr, centrifuging, filtering to obtain filtrate, concentrating the filtrate to 1/3 of original volume, adding 95% ethanol solution, standing to precipitate, filtering to obtain precipitate, and drying.
Spraying the insecticide once every 25 days from 12 middle-month ten days, continuously spraying for 3 times, wherein the insecticide is abamectin, and diluting with water by 1500 times before use.
Example 3
The present embodiment provides a method for promoting winter shoot fruiting in citrus plants, the method comprising: spraying a potassium nitrate solution with the concentration of 1.0% to the surface of the winter tip in the middle ten days of 12 months until the surface is wet, spraying a mixed liquid medicine to the surface of the winter tip after the surface is dry, and spraying the potassium nitrate solution and the mixed liquid medicine once every 13 days for 3 times; the mixed liquid medicine is mainly prepared by mixing organic polypeptidase, amino-oligosaccharin and water in a weight ratio of 0.4:0.2: 700. The potassium nitrate solution and the mixed liquid medicine are sprayed in the evening of a sunny day.
After the mixed liquid medicine is used for 2 days each time, spraying an antifreezing agent to the whole crown of the Or, wherein the antifreezing agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of dwarf lilyturf tuber extract, 0.7 part of soybean polypeptide, 0.6 part of alanine, 0.5 part of cysteine, 3 parts of monopotassium phosphate and 600 parts of water. The preparation method of the radix ophiopogonis extract comprises the following steps: pulverizing dried radix Ophiopogonis tuber, adding 7 weight times of water, leaching at 85 deg.C in water bath for 1.5 hr, centrifuging, filtering to obtain filtrate, concentrating the filtrate to 1/3 of original volume, adding into 92% ethanol solution, standing until precipitate is separated out, filtering to obtain precipitate, and drying.
Spraying insecticide once every 22 days from 12 middle of the month, continuously spraying for 3 times, wherein the insecticide is imidacloprid, and diluting with water 1200 times before use.
The method for promoting the winter tip aging effect test of the Or:
test site: guangxi Hezhou Fuchuan county, Majiling town.
Test time: 2016.
Test subjects: 4-year-old Or 80-year-old Citrus reticulata planted in the same field.
Test protocol: the test is provided with 9 treatments, namely a autumn shoot group, CK, A, B, C, D, E, F and G, wherein 10 plants are treated respectively, the autumn shoot group does not carry out any treatment, and the CK carries out no treatment on winter shoots; a, treating the winter shoots by adopting the method of embodiment 3; b, accelerating the winter shoots to ripen by adopting a traditional method, namely spraying a hymenium biostimulant and a phosphorus-potassium source library on the leaf surfaces; c, the winter shoots are not treated by the potassium nitrate solution, and other steps and methods are the same as those of the example 3; d, replacing the organic polypeptidase with an equal amount of water, and performing the same other steps and methods as in example 3; e, replacing the amino-oligosaccharin with an equal amount of water, and performing other steps and methods in the same manner as in example 3; f, no antifreezing agent is sprayed, and other steps and methods are the same as those of the example 3; g, replacing the antifreeze of the application with a commercial fruit and vegetable antifreeze, and carrying out the same other steps and methods as those of the example 3. The other management conditions of each group are consistent.
And (3) test results:
(1) measuring the total length, the diameter and the dry weight of single leaves of each group of branches beginning in the middle ten days of 3 months in 2017, wherein the total length, the diameter and the dry weight of single leaves of autumn tips are measured by the autumn tip group, 3 plants which are consistent in shape and size and grow healthily are selected, 15 autumn tips are randomly selected from each plant for measurement, 30 autumn tip leaves which are basically consistent in size are randomly selected from each plant and dried until the water content is 20%, then the dry weight is weighed by balance, and the color of the autumn tip leaves is visually observed; and CK, A, B, C, D, E, F and G are each group to measure the total length, diameter and single leaf dry weight of the winter tip, each group selects 3 plants with consistent shape and size, basically consistent number of the winter tips and healthy growth, randomly selects 15 branches of the winter tips on each plant to measure, randomly selects 30 leaves of the winter tips with basically consistent size from each plant, dries until the water content is 20%, and then weighs the dry weight with balance to visually observe the color of the leaves of the winter tips. The total length is measured by a tape measure, and the diameter is measured by a vernier caliper; the measurements were counted and the average total length, average diameter and average single leaf dry weight were calculated and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 average Total winter shoot Length, average diameter and Dry weight of Single leaf for each group
| Treatment of | Total length (cm) | Diameter (cm) | Single leaf Dry weight (g) | Leaf color |
| Autumn tip group | 37.1a | 0.877a | 0.145a | Dark green |
| CK | 13.4c | 0.218c | 0.085c | Light yellow |
| A | 36.6a | 0.882a | 0.146a | Dark green |
| B | 19.6b | 0.407b | 0.091b | Green colour |
| C | 31.1b | 0.420b | 0.122b | Green colour |
| D | 31.5b | 0.431b | 0.126b | Green colour |
| E | 32.3b | 0.433b | 0.127b | Green colour |
| F | 32.8b | 0.439b | 0.135b | Green colour |
| G | 30.7b | 0.411b | 0.120b | Green colour |
(remarks: a, b, c different letters indicate that the difference reaches a significant level of 5%)
From table 1, it can be seen that: the average total length, average diameter and single leaf dry weight of winter tips of A (the method) are obviously higher than CK (blank) and B (the traditional method), so that after the winter tips are treated by the method, the winter tips of the Or are quickly accumulated in nutrients, strong in branches, thick in leaves, quick in green turning and quick in aging, and the formation of flower buds in the next year is facilitated. According to the comparison between C, D, E, F, G treatment and A treatment, the potassium nitrate solution, the organic polypeptidase, the oligosaccharins and the antifreezing agent act together, have synergistic effect and are inseparable, so that the lengthening and thickening growth of new shoots are promoted together, the thickness of leaves is increased, the leaves turn green, and the purpose of rapid aging is achieved; as can be seen from the comparison of the autumn shoot group with the A group, the average total length, average diameter and dry weight of single leaf of the winter shoot of the treatment method of the invention are basically consistent with the autumn shoot.
(2) In 2017, the citrus reticulata blossoms to the fructification period, 3 plants which are consistent in shape and size, grow healthily and record the position of a winter tip are selected from each group, the fruit rate is observed and counted in the full-bloom period and the fruit period, the fruit rate (%) is the number of fruits per the number of blossoms, the number of blossoms is observed in the remaining period of blossoms, the number of fruits is observed after the fruit drop in the second physiology, the sugar content is measured by using a handheld sugar content measuring instrument, and the results are shown in table 2.
Table 2 shows the winter shoot yield, fruit transverse diameter, fruit longitudinal diameter, single fruit weight and sugar content of each group
(remarks: a, b, c different letters indicate that the difference reaches a significant level of 5%)
From table 2, the winter top yield and the sugar content of the A (the method of the invention) are both significantly high by CK (blank), B (the traditional method), C, D, E, F and G, so that the winter top can fruit in the next year after being treated by the method of the invention, the fruit quality is equivalent to that of the fruit bearing in the next year after being slightly fertilized by the conventional summer citrus (the sugar content of the fruit bearing in the conventional summer citrus and the autumn is 13% -15%), and the comparison between the autumn top group and the A (the method of the invention) shows that the treatment method of the invention not only can enable the winter top to normally bloom and fruit bearing in the next year as well as the autumn top, but also has no significant difference between the fruit quality such as the yield, the average single fruit weight, the sugar content and the like and the autumn top.
The above description is intended to describe in detail the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the claims of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made within the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method of promoting wakame winter shoot fruiting, said method comprising: spraying a potassium nitrate solution to the surface of the winter tip till the surface is wet in 12-month middle ten days, spraying a mixed liquid medicine to the surface of the winter tip till the surface is dry, and spraying the potassium nitrate solution and the mixed liquid medicine once every 10-15 days for 3 times; the mixed liquid medicine is mainly prepared by mixing organic polypeptidase, amino-oligosaccharin and water according to the weight ratio of 0.4:0.2: 600-800;
the concentration of the potassium nitrate solution is 0.5-1.5%;
the method further comprises the step of spraying an antifreezing agent to the whole crown of the Or after the mixed liquid medicine is used for 1-3 days each time, wherein the antifreezing agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-7 parts of dwarf lilyturf tuber extract, 0.2-0.8 part of soybean polypeptide, 0.5-1 part of alanine, 0.3-0.8 part of cysteine, 2-5 parts of monopotassium phosphate and 800 parts of water;
the preparation method of the radix ophiopogonis extract comprises the following steps: pulverizing dried radix Ophiopogonis tuber, adding 6-10 weight times of water, leaching at 80-90 deg.C in water bath for 1-2 hr, centrifuging, filtering to obtain filtrate, concentrating the filtrate to 1/3, adding 90-95% ethanol solution, standing to precipitate, filtering to obtain precipitate, and drying.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising spraying insecticide every 20-25 days from 12 months, wherein the insecticide is imidacloprid or abamectin, and the insecticide is diluted 1000-fold (1500 times) with water before use.
3. The method for promoting the fruiting of Wobo citrus winter tips as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spraying of the potassium nitrate solution and the mixed liquor is carried out in the evening of sunny days or in the shade.
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