CN116569701A

CN116569701A - Method for preparing awnless brome seed packet and awnless brome seed packet

Info

Publication number: CN116569701A
Application number: CN202310585039.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王炳尧; 李云飞; 王培源; 杨昊天; 刘立超; 刘智贤; 肖庆红; 王占军; 吴旭东
Original assignee: Northwest Institute of Eco Environment and Resources of CAS
Current assignee: Northwest Institute of Eco Environment and Resources of CAS
Priority date: 2023-05-23
Filing date: 2023-05-23
Publication date: 2023-08-11

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing a brome-free seed bag and a brome-free seed coating, and relates to the technical field of seed coating, wherein the brome-free seed to be treated is mixed with a porous material with plant hormone or auxin analogue and an adhesive according to the mass ratio of 1-2:100:0.2 to obtain the brome-free seed bag; the plant hormone is selected from gibberellin, and the auxin analogue is selected from naphthylacetic acid. The low-concentration plant hormone or the auxin analogue is arranged in the coating of the seeds in advance by adopting the idea of slowly releasing the low-concentration plant hormone or the auxin analogue. After the seed package is used by shallow burying, a small amount of water can be absorbed in the environment, and the water absorbed seed package slowly releases low-concentration plant hormone or auxin analogues, so that the germination of the brome seeds in drought environment can be helped, and the germ length and radicle length of the seeds can be improved. The method can promote the germination of brome seeds under drought conditions.

Description

Method for preparing awnless brome seed packet and awnless brome seed packet

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of seed coating, in particular to a method for preparing a brome-free seed coating and the brome-free seed coating.

Background

The seed coating is a processing technology which takes seeds as carriers and coating equipment as means to uniformly coat seed coating agents containing pesticide, fertilizer, growth regulator and other components on the surfaces of the seeds according to a certain proportion. After the seeds coated by the seed coating agent are sown, the seeds can be quickly swelled by water absorption. Along with the gradual development of embryo in seed and the continuous growth of seedling, the seed coating agent slowly releases various active ingredients contained in the seed coating agent, and the active ingredients are gradually absorbed into the body by the seed seedling, thereby achieving the purposes of preventing and controlling seedling diseases and insect pests, promoting growth and development and improving crop yield.

Awnless brome (Bromus inemis leys.) is a perennial herb of the family poaceae, also known as awnless grass, brome, hemerocallis graminea, native to europe, wild type distributed in asia and america, and wild species in northeast, northwest, etc. of china. The leaf quantity is rich, the yield is high, the quality is good, and the tea is known as 'the king of grass feed'. The awnless brome is also a high-quality grass seed in the aspects of returning grass, road slope protection, forage industrialization and the like in northern China, and plays an important role in the aspects of grassland animal husbandry production, vegetation restoration, grassland reseeding, ecological management and the like. Is a very excellent ecological grass seed.

The conventional broadcasting, flying sowing or complementary sowing can be used for promoting the germination of seeds by watering after planting, but the climate is dry in arid and semiarid environments, the evaporation capacity is large, and the water evaporation is rapid. The seeds are not germinated yet, the water needed to germinate is evaporated, and the seeds are stressed by drought, so that the whole germination rate is low.

In summary, long-term and large-area drought has become a major environmental factor threatening the planting of brome, and how to utilize exogenous substances to relieve drought stress has become a real problem to be considered and solved at present.

In view of this, the present invention has been made.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for preparing a brome-free seed packet and a brome-free seed coating so as to solve the technical problems.

The invention is realized in the following way:

in a first aspect, the present invention provides a method of preparing a brome-free seed bag comprising: mixing the awnless brome seeds to be treated with a porous material with plant hormone or auxin analogue and a binder according to the mass ratio of 1-2:100:0.2 to obtain awnless brome seed bags; the plant hormone is selected from gibberellin, and the auxin analogue is selected from naphthylacetic acid.

The porous material with phytohormone is prepared by the following method: soaking the porous material in 1-1.5mg/L naphthalene acetic acid solution;

the porous material with the auxin analogue is prepared by the following method: the porous material is soaked in a solution of gibberellin of 20-250 mg/L.

The porous material is selected from corncob particles, coir, hemp palm fiber or matrix nutrient soil; such porous materials include, but are not limited to, organic materials or nutrient soil having loose porous characteristics.

The inventors found that gibberellins inhibited germination of awnless brome seeds that did not suffer drought (i.e., where the moisture was sufficient) to a degree of about 3.4% to 16.7%. Gibberellin promotes germination when brome is subjected to drought stress, but also inhibits seed germination when the concentration exceeds a certain value. The solution of gibberellin with the concentration of 20-250mg/L is selected to soak the porous material, and the prepared seed packet can slowly release gibberellin with low concentration by absorbing a small amount of water, so that the germination of brome seeds is promoted. Therefore, the invention is beneficial to improving the germination rate of the awnless brome seeds under mild, moderate and severe drought stress by preparing the awnless brome seed package, and relieving the drought stress.

The naphthylacetic acid has no obvious improvement on the germination of the brome-free seeds which are not subjected to drought (namely, sufficient water), and when the seeds are subjected to mild, moderate and severe drought stress, 1-1.5mg/L of naphthylacetic acid solution is selected to soak the porous material, so that the germination rate of the seeds can be effectively improved. The prepared seed bag can slowly release low-concentration naphthylacetic acid by absorbing a small amount of water, and promote germination of brome seeds. Therefore, the invention is beneficial to improving the germination rate of the awnless brome seeds under mild, moderate and severe drought stress by preparing the awnless brome seed package, and relieving the drought stress.

The seed bag can be used by digging shallow pits with the depth of about 15-30 cm and directly burying the shallow pits.

In an alternative embodiment, the gibberellin is soaked in a 50-150mg/L solution. The germination rate of the brome seeds without the miscanthus under drought stress of-0.9 to-1.5 Mpa degree (severe) can be improved by 12.3 to 27.7 percent.

When the gibberellin concentration is less than 20mg/L and less than or equal to 250mg/L, the germination rate of the brome seeds under drought stress of-0.9-0 Mpa degree (mild and moderate) can be improved by 13-23%.

In an alternative embodiment, soaking for 6-24 hours, taking out and draining;

in an alternative embodiment, the soaking is for 12 hours.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the mixing of the awnless brome seeds to be treated with the porous material with phytohormone or with auxin analogue, the coating agent, and stirring are also included.

In an alternative embodiment, the agitation temperature is less than 10 ℃; stirring temperature is less than 10 ℃; avoiding the germination rate from decreasing after the seed package is sowed due to the seed germination in advance triggered by water under the condition of proper temperature.

In an alternative embodiment, the stirring temperature is 3-5 ℃; for example 3 ℃,4 ℃ or 5 ℃.

The mixing and stirring process of the awnless brome seeds to be treated, porous materials with phytohormone or auxin analogues and binding agents are all completely light-proof. The seed germination effect is better by using a completely dark mode.

In an alternative embodiment, the binder is selected from at least one of styrene-acrylic emulsion and carboxymethyl cellulose.

In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a method for promoting germination of awnless brome seeds under drought conditions, wherein the awnless brome seed package obtained by the method for preparing awnless brome seed package is cultured under the following conditions: alternate light and dark (12 h light/12 h dark), constant temperature 20-27 ℃. The germination rate of the culture is higher and the radicle length is longer under the conditions. For example, a constant temperature of 20 ℃, 22 ℃, 25 ℃, 26 ℃ or 27 ℃.

In a third aspect, the present invention also provides a method for promoting germination of awnless brome seeds under drought conditions, wherein awnless brome seeds obtained by the method for preparing awnless brome seed packets are embedded into a soil surface layer, and if the environmental osmotic potential range measured in the field is: -1.1MPa < environmental osmotic potential < 0MPa, selecting a brome seed packet without gibberellin; the porous material with gibberellin is prepared by soaking the porous material in a solution of 20-250mg/L gibberellin;

if the environmental osmotic potential range measured in the field is: -1.5MPa < environmental osmotic potential < -1.1MPa, selecting a brome-free seed bag with gibberellin; and the porous material with gibberellin is prepared by soaking the porous material in a solution of gibberellin of 20-150 mg/L.

In other embodiments, seed packets prepared after soaking the corncob with an appropriate solution may be selected based on the in-situ measured environmental osmotic potential. When the gibberellin concentration is more than 20mg/L and less than or equal to 250mg/L, the germination rate of the brome seeds under drought stress of-0.9 to 0Mpa degree (mild and moderate) can be improved by 13 to 23 percent; when the gibberellin concentration is less than 20mg/L and less than or equal to 150mg/L, the germination rate of the brome seeds under drought stress of-1.5 to-0.9 Mpa degree (severe) can be improved by 12.3 to 27.7 percent.

In a fourth aspect, the present invention also provides a brome-free seed bag obtained by the method of preparing a brome-free seed bag. The raw materials (including corncob and adhesive) of the seed packet are easy to obtain, the preparation cost of the seed packet is low, and the seed packet is easy to popularize and apply.

At present, brome seeds have the following problems:

since brome is extremely sensitive to the concentration of plant somatotrophic hormone, the high concentration of plant somatotrophic hormone which is widely used at present often has an inhibiting effect on brome, and single-acting somatotrophic hormone has a limited effect on seed germination promotion. Because the water absorption capacity of a single seed is limited, the single seed can not fully absorb water and germinate in the field. The brome seeds have light weight, and the quantity of the seeds which truly enter the soil after being scattered by wind and flying is small.

In view of this, the present invention also provides in a fifth aspect a method of preparing a coating of brome seeds, comprising: mixing brome seeds with seed coating agent solution (added with plant hormone or growth analogue) according to 30-80g:1-2ml of the seed coating agent solution, and 0.3-0.6 mg of plant hormone or 20-250mg of auxin analogue is added into each 1L of the seed coating agent solution; the plant hormone is selected from gibberellin, and the auxin analogue is selected from naphthylacetic acid.

The inventors have improved the germ length and radicle length of awnless brome seeds under drought stress by coating the awnless brome seeds, for example, when the auxin analogue is selected from naphthalene acetic acid, and the germination rate of the seeds is obviously improved. The plant hormone is selected from gibberellin, so that the length of the germ of the brome without the awn under drought stress is improved, and the germination rate of the seed is also obviously improved.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the seed coating solution comprises the following raw materials in mass volume concentration:

65-80% of coating carrier, 1-2% of slow release agent, 10-13% of film forming agent, 1-2% of water retention agent, 0.5-1% of solubilization dispersing agent, 0.5-1% of stabilizing agent and 1% of warning dye, and the balance of water. The mass volume concentration (%) is how much g of raw material is contained per 100ml of solution.

In an alternative embodiment, the coating carrier is selected from polyglutamic acid.

In an alternative embodiment, the slow release agent is selected from chitosan; chitosan also plays an antibacterial role.

The film forming agent is selected from polyvinyl alcohol, which also acts as an adhesive.

The water retaining agent (or water absorbing agent) is selected from the group consisting of cellulose-based water retaining agents, and in an alternative embodiment, the cellulose-based water retaining agent is selected from at least one of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and carboxymethyl cellulose.

In an alternative embodiment, the solubilizing dispersant is selected from the group consisting of octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether (OP 20); the stabilizer is sodium alginate; the warning dye is selected from any one of gentian violet, brilliant blue water, carmine, acid scarlet and rose bengal.

In an alternative embodiment, the brome seeds are mixed with the seed coating agent solution according to a proportion, so that the seed coating agent is coated on the surfaces of the seeds, and then the coated seeds are placed in the ultraviolet resistance agent, so that the ultraviolet resistance agent is coated outside the coated seeds.

The ultraviolet resistant agent can reduce the problem of inactivation of seeds under ultraviolet stress to a certain extent. The ultraviolet resistance agent and other seed coating agent components play a role in synergistically improving the germination rate of the brome seeds.

In an alternative embodiment, the anti-uv agent is hexyl diethylamino hydroxybenzoate and is prepared by the process of: mixing 1-2g of ultraviolet resistance agent raw material with 100g of dissolution carrier; in an alternative embodiment, the dissolution carrier is starch.

In a sixth aspect, the present invention also provides a coating of awnless brome seeds prepared by the method of preparing a coating of awnless brome seeds described above. The brome seeds are coated in a coating.

In a seventh aspect, the present invention also provides a method for promoting germination of awnless brome seeds under drought conditions, preparing awnless brome seed coating according to the method for preparing awnless brome seed coating described above, and then embedding awnless brome seed coating into the soil surface layer.

In an alternative embodiment, if the in-situ measured environmental osmotic potential range is: -0.5MPa < environmental osmotic potential < -0.3MPa, selecting a coating of awnless brome seeds with gibberellin or naphthylacetic acid; when the awnless brome seed packet with the naphthylacetic acid is prepared, 0.3-1.2 mg of naphthylacetic acid is added into each 1L of seed coating solution; when the awnless brome seed bag with gibberellin is prepared, 20-250mg gibberellin is added into each 1L seed coating solution.

If the environmental osmotic potential range measured in the field is: -1.0MPa < environmental osmotic potential < -0.5MPa, selecting a coating of awnless brome seeds with gibberellin or naphthylacetic acid; when the awnless brome seed packet with the naphthylacetic acid is prepared, 0.3-1.2 mg of naphthylacetic acid is added into each 1L of seed coating solution; when the awnless brome seed bag with gibberellin is prepared, 20-250mg gibberellin is added into each 1L seed coating solution.

If the environmental osmotic potential range measured in the field is: -1.5MPa < environmental osmotic potential < -1MPa, selecting a brome-free seed packet with gibberellin or naphthalene acetic acid, and adding 0.3-0.6 mg of naphthalene acetic acid into each 1L of seed coating solution when preparing the brome-free seed packet with naphthalene acetic acid; when the awnless brome seed bag with gibberellin is prepared, 50-100mg gibberellin is added into each 1L seed coating solution.

By adopting the scheme, different schemes for promoting the germination of the brome seeds can be formulated for drought conditions with different degrees.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) The inventor adopts the idea of slowly releasing low-concentration plant hormone or auxin analogue to set the low-concentration plant hormone or auxin analogue in the seed coating in advance. After the seed package is used by shallow burying, a small amount of water can be absorbed in the environment, and the seed package slowly releases low-concentration plant hormone or auxin analogue after water absorption, so that the germination of the brome seeds in drought environment can be helped. The seeds, the porous material and the adhesive are mixed according to a specific mass ratio to obtain the awnless brome seed packet, so that the awnless brome has higher drought resistance.

(2) The seed bag of the inventor is not easy to be blown away by wind in the environment after being subjected to the agglomeration, so that the seed utilization rate of sowing is improved.

(3) Also provided is a method for promoting germination of brome awnless seeds under drought conditions. The method can select proper awnless brome seed bags according to the environmental penetration potential of the sowing land, and the land is prepared.

(4) The preparation method of the brome-free seed coating is beneficial to reducing the evaporation amount of water and improving the germination rate of the seeds by coating the seeds; on the other hand, the quality of the coated seeds is improved, and the antibacterial property of the seeds is improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a graph showing statistical results of germination rate and radicle length of brome seeds under different temperatures and illumination conditions;

FIG. 2 is a graph of experimental results of the effect of adding gibberellin at different concentrations on the germination rate of brome-free seeds in different drought environments;

FIG. 3 is a graph of germination results for seeds under different drought stresses;

FIG. 4 is a statistical plot of germination rate of seeds under different drought stresses;

FIG. 5 is a graph of radicle length statistics of seeds under different drought stresses;

FIG. 6 is a statistical plot of germ length of seeds under different drought stresses;

FIG. 7 is a graph showing germination results of gibberellin-treated seeds under different drought stresses;

FIG. 8 is a statistical graph of germination rate of gibberellin-treated seeds under different drought stresses;

FIG. 9 is a graph showing radicle length statistics of gibberellin-treated seeds under various drought stresses;

FIG. 10 is a graph of germ length statistics of gibberellin-treated seeds under various drought stresses;

FIG. 11 is a graph showing the experimental results of germination rate of brome seeds after seeding of seed packets prepared with naphthalene acetic acid or gibberellin at different concentrations under different environmental precipitation conditions.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The specific conditions are not noted in the examples and are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or apparatus used were conventional products commercially available without the manufacturer's attention.

The features and capabilities of the present invention are described in further detail below in connection with the examples.

(one)

Example 1

The embodiment provides a preparation method of a brome seed packet without awn, which comprises the following specific steps:

1. the corncob is made into powder, and the single powder particle is a square or spherical particle with the particle size and the diameter of about 2-3 mm;

2. spraying 0.5% (w/v) sodium hypochlorite solution or 75% (w/v) alcohol on the crushed corncob particles for disinfection and sterilization;

3. spraying sterile distilled water to wash the sterilized corncob particles, flushing the sterilized residual liquid, and repeating the washing process for about 3-5 times according to the sterilization condition;

4. placing the sterilized and washed corncob particles into a baking oven for baking;

5. placing the dried corncob particles into a container with the concentration of: soaking in 0.6mg/L naphthylacetic acid solution for 24h, taking out, and draining;

6. selecting brome seeds which are uniform in size and full in seeds, spraying and sterilizing the brome seeds by using a sodium hypochlorite solution with the concentration of 0.05%, and washing the brome seeds cleanly by using distilled water with the temperature of 5-8 ℃ after the sodium hypochlorite solution is sprayed and contacted for 2-3 seconds;

7. stirring and mixing the sterilized brome seeds, the corncob particles treated in the step 5 and the carboxymethyl cellulose, wherein the mixing mass ratio is 1:100:0.2, and the stirring temperature is controlled to be 8 ℃;

8. and (3) pressing the mixed materials of the step 7 into a block shape, wherein the length, the width and the height of the block shape are respectively about 10 cm to 15cm, namely the brome seed bag.

In addition, the embodiment also provides a method for promoting the germination of brome seeds, which comprises the following steps:

the brome seeds without the awn are packed in light-dark alternation (12 h light/12 h dark), and are cultivated at the constant temperature of 25 ℃ until sprouting for transplanting to a field for cultivation.

Example 2

The difference compared to example 1 is only that step 5 is different, the remaining steps being identical.

5. Placing the dried corncob particles into a container with the concentration of: soaking in 50mg/L gibberellin solution for 24h, taking out, and draining.

Example 3

5. Placing the dried corncob particles into a container with the concentration of: soaking in 100mg/L gibberellin solution for 24h, taking out, and draining.

Example 4

5. Placing the dried corncob particles into a container with the concentration of: soaking in 150mg/L gibberellin solution for 24h, taking out, and draining.

Example 5

5. Placing the dried corncob particles into a container with the concentration of: soaking in 200mg/L gibberellin solution for 24h, taking out, and draining.

Example 6

5. Placing the dried corncob particles into a container with the concentration of: soaking in 0.3mg/L naphthylacetic acid solution for 24h, taking out, and draining.

Example 7

5. Placing the dried corncob particles into a container with the concentration of: soaking in 0.9mg/L naphthylacetic acid solution for 24h, taking out, and draining.

Comparative example 1

5. Placing the dried corncob particles into a container with the concentration of: soaking in water for 24h, taking out, and draining.

Experimental example 1

The experimental example is researched aiming at the optimal temperature and illumination of the brome, so as to clearly determine the optimal illumination and temperature conditions suitable for germination of the brome seeds.

Two illumination conditions of light and darkness alternation (12 h light/12 h darkness) and continuous darkness (24 h darkness) are arranged in the artificial intelligent climate incubator; setting 15/5, 20/10, 25/15, 30/20 ℃,4 kinds of light and dark variable temperature treatment conditions and 6 kinds of constant temperature treatment (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 ℃).

The process comprises the following steps: the sterilized brome was placed uniformly every 25 granules in a 90mm dish with double layers of filter paper laid thereon, and an appropriate amount of distilled water was added thereto, and 4 replicates were set for each treatment.

The number of seeds which germinate normally is recorded regularly every day in the experimental period, and a proper amount of distilled water is added dropwise to keep the filter paper moist at all times. And judging that the radicle length exceeds half of the seed length, and removing the germinated seed from the culture dish. The test was continued for 14 days, the germination potential was calculated at 5d, and the germination rate was calculated at 14 d. The culture dish with continuous darkness treatment is wrapped and shielded by tinfoil paper, and the statistics of seed germination are completed rapidly under weak light.

The results are shown with reference to fig. 1: the optimal germination illumination temperature combination of the brome is as follows: the light and dark alternation is carried out at the constant temperature of 25 ℃, and the germination rate of seeds is 98.3% +/-2.36%; radicle length 13.93+ -4.28 cm.

Experimental example 2

The experimental example explores the suitable concentration of gibberellin for promoting the germination of the seeds of the grass of the caucasian gaertn under the simulated different drought stresses.

Different gibberellin concentrations were set: t0 (0 mg/L), G1 (50 mg/L), G2 (100 mg/L), G3 (150 mg/L), G4 (200 mg/L) and G5 (250 mg/L) are used for soaking the awnless brome seeds for 12 hours, PEG solutions with osmotic potential of 0MPa, -0.3MPa, -0.6MPa, -0.9MPa, -1.2MPa and-1.5 MPa at the constant temperature of 25 ℃ are used for simulating drought stress of different degrees, each 25 pasture seeds subjected to soaking are placed in a 90mm culture dish paved with double-layer filter paper, PEG-6000 solutions with different concentrations are added, the culture dish is sealed by using Parafilm sealing films, germination tests are carried out in a constant temperature artificial climate culture box at the temperature of 25 ℃ in a mode of using light-dark alternation (12 h light/12 h dark), and 3 replicates are set for each treatment.

The results are shown with reference to fig. 2, which shows:

1. when drought stress does not occur, gibberellin can inhibit the germination of brome seeds, and the inhibition degree is about 3.4-16.7 percent

2. When the gibberellin concentration is more than 0mg/L and less than or equal to 250mg/L, the germination rate of the brome seeds under drought stress of 0 to-0.9 Mpa degree (mild and moderate) can be improved by 13 to 23 percent;

when the gibberellin concentration is more than 0mg/L and less than or equal to 150mg/L, the germination rate of the brome seeds under drought stress with the degree of-0.9 to-1.5 Mpa (severe) can be improved by 12.3 to 27.7 percent;

in conclusion, gibberellin treatment with a certain concentration can promote germination of brome without awn after drought stress, and excessive gibberellin treatment can inhibit germination of seeds.

Experimental example 3

Influence of seed packets made by adding gibberellin and naphthylacetic acid on germination rate of brome seeds.

The experimental method comprises the following steps:

1. preparing corncob into powder, and forming the powder particles into square particles with the particle size and the particle diameter of about 2-3 mm;

2. spraying 75% (w/v) alcohol on the crushed corncob particles for disinfection and sterilization;

5. the dried corncob particles are respectively placed into the following concentration: soaking in 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, 1.2, 1.5mg/L naphthalene acetic acid solution (N1-N5) and 50, 100, 150, 200, 250mg/L (G1-G5) gibberellin for 24h, taking out, draining; CK is soaked in clear water;

8. and (3) pressing the mixed materials in the step (7) into blocks, and preparing cubes with the length, the width and the height of about 10-15 cm respectively into awnless brome seed bags, wherein each seed bag contains about 50 awnless brome seeds.

9. The prepared seed bags are placed in a greenhouse with the environmental temperature of 25 ℃ and planted in flowerpots for cultivation, 1 seed bag is planted in each flowerpot (with the diameter of 50 cm), and seed water is supplemented by simulating the annual precipitation amount of each arid region from the gradient precipitation amount of the environmental precipitation amount of P1 (150%), P2 (125%), P3 (100%), P4 (75%) and P5 (50%) which is equal to the environmental precipitation amount (185 mm in the arid region in the middle of Ningxia). Observing the germination rate of the seeds after one growth period;

the results are shown with reference to fig. 11:

(1) Under the moist condition (P1, P2), the seed package soaked by gibberellin with G5 concentration has an inhibition effect on germination rate;

(2) Under the condition of the precipitation amount of the P3 environment, the G3-G5 concentration gibberellin soaking seed package has an inhibition effect on germination rate; the seed package soaked by the N1-N5 naphthalene acetic acid has no obvious influence on germination rate;

(3) Under the condition of the precipitation amount of the P4 environment, the germination rate can be improved by about 1.67-8.67% by soaking the seed packet with gibberellin with the concentration of G1-G5; the germination rate of the N1-N5 concentration naphthalene acetic acid soaking seed packet can be improved by about 6.67% -40%, and the germination rate improving effect of the N3-N5 concentration naphthalene acetic acid soaking seed packet is more obvious (24.67% -40%);

(4) Under the condition of the precipitation amount of the P5 environment, the germination rate can be improved by about 2.7-12.7% by soaking the seed packet with gibberellin with the concentration of G1-G5; the germination rate can be improved by about 1.3% -13.3% by soaking the seed package with the naphthalene acetic acid with the concentration of N1-N5.

(II)

Example 1

This example provides a coating of awnless brome seeds, the raw materials of which include (per 100ml of seed coating solution):

(1) Polyglutamic acid 70%, a coating carrier,% is mass volume concentration, and each 100ml of solution contains 70g of polyglutamic acid;

(2) Chitosan, 1 percent of antibacterial and slow-release agent (1 g);

(3) Polyvinyl alcohol, 10%, film former/binder (10 g);

(4) Carboxymethyl cellulose, 1%, water-retaining/absorbing agent (1 g); hydroxypropyl methylcellulose or methylcellulose may also be used in other embodiments;

(5) Octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether (OP 20), 0.5 percent, solubilizing dispersant, 0.5g;

(6) 0.5 percent of sodium alginate and 0.5g of stabilizer;

(7) Alert dye: gentian violet 1%,1g;

(8) Ultraviolet resistance agent: 1g of diethylamino hydroxybenzoyl hexyl benzoate, and 100g of starch is added as a dissolution carrier;

(9) The rest is water (80 ℃ pure water).

(10) Plant growth hormone: naphthalene acetic acid, each 1000ml of solution contains 0.3mg naphthalene acetic acid;

the ratio of seed coating agent to seeds is 2ml:80g.

The preparation method of the brome-free seed coating comprises the following steps:

(1) Selecting brome seeds with uniform size and plump seeds, spraying and sterilizing the brome seeds with 0.05% sodium hypochlorite solution, and washing the brome seeds with distilled water at about 5 ℃ after the sodium hypochlorite solution is sprayed and contacted for 2-3 seconds;

(2) Preparing a coating agent according to the proportion of 1-7 ingredients, and coating the surface of the seeds with the coating agent;

(3) Placing the coated seeds in starch containing 2g of diethylamino hydroxybenzoyl hexyl benzoate for powder coating, and coating the seeds without powder falling, thus obtaining a coating agent II: (N1 treatment).

Example 2

Compared with example 1, the only difference is that: the raw material (10) is different, and the rest preparation methods and the raw materials are the same.

In this example, the plant growth hormone: naphthalene acetic acid, each 1000ml of solution contained 0.6mg naphthalene acetic acid, to prepare coating agent III: (N2 treatment).

Example 3

In this example, the plant growth hormone: naphthalene acetic acid, 0.9mg naphthalene acetic acid in each 1000ml solution, produced coating agent IV: (N3 treatment).

Example 4

In this example, the plant growth hormone: naphthalene acetic acid, 1.2mg naphthalene acetic acid, coating agent V: (N4 treatment).

Example 5

In this example, 50mg of gibberellin was added to 1L of the seed coating solution, and the coating agent G1 was used.

Example 6

In this example, 100mg of gibberellin was added to 1L of the seed coating solution. Coating agent G2.

Example 7

In this example, 150mg of gibberellin was added to 1L of the seed coating solution. Coating agent G3.

Example 8

In this example, gibberellin was added at 200mg per 1L of seed coating solution. Coating agent G4.

Example 9

In this example, gibberellin was added at 250mg per 1L of seed coating solution. Coating agent G5.

Comparative example 1

In this example, gibberellin and naphthylacetic acid are not added, and the coating agent I: (T0 process).

Comparative example 2

In this example, the plant growth hormone: naphthalene acetic acid, 1.5mg naphthalene acetic acid, coating agent VI: (N5 treatment).

Experimental example 1

Seed germination experiments were performed at different osmotic potentials on the seed coatings prepared in examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-2, respectively, and on the control (CK: direct germination after no coating, no fresh water, seed screening).

Simulating drought environment by using PEG-6000 solution, preparing PEG solution with permeation potential of-0.3, -0.6, -0.9, -1.2, -1.5MPa under the condition of constant temperature of 20 ℃, placing each 25 of brome seeds immersed with the seed coating agent into a 90mm culture dish paved with double-layer filter paper, adding PEG-6000 solution with different concentrations of 8ml, sealing the culture dish by using Parafilm sealing film, performing germination test under the dark condition of a constant temperature artificial climate incubator at 20 ℃, setting 4 repetitions for each treatment, and counting seed germination rate, radicle length and germ length;

the physical graph of the seed germination rate experiment and the statistical result of the germination rate are shown in fig. 3 and fig. 4, respectively. A statistical plot of the radicle length of the seed under different drought stresses and a statistical plot of the embryo length of the seed under different drought stresses are shown with reference to fig. 5 and 6, respectively.

Germination rate results showed:

1. under the condition of N1-N5 naphthalene acetic acid concentration, when the seeds are not subjected to drought stress, the germination of the seeds is not obviously improved, and meanwhile, the seed germination is inhibited by the N5 naphthalene acetic acid.

2. When the brome seeds are subjected to slight drought stress (the environmental osmotic potential is about-0.3 Mpa), the germination rate of the seeds can be improved by 6.7-16.7% under the condition of N1-N4 naphthalene acetic acid concentration;

3. when the brome seeds are subjected to moderate drought stress (-0.5 Mpa < environmental osmotic potential-1.0 Mpa), the germination rate of the seeds can be improved by 21.7% -50.3% by implementing under the condition of N1-N4 naphthalene acetic acid concentration.

4. When the awnless brome seeds are subjected to extreme drought stress (-1 Mpa < environmental osmotic potential), the germination rate of the seeds can be improved by 5-11.6% by implementing under the condition of the concentration of N1-N4 naphthalene acetic acid.

Radicle length results show that:

naphtholacetic acid with the concentration of N1-N4 can improve the radicle length of the brome-free seeds subjected to extreme drought stress (-1 Mpa < environmental osmotic potential) after germination, and the average promotion length is about 1.01-1.44 cm;

the embryo length results show that:

naphtholacetic acid with the concentration of N1-N4 can improve the radicle length of the brome-free seeds after germination under moderate drought stress (the environmental osmotic potential is approximately equal to-0.9 Mpa), and the average promotion length is approximately 2.08-3.68 cm.

Experimental example 2

Seed germination experiments were performed at different osmotic potentials on the seed coatings prepared in examples 5-9 and comparative example 1, respectively, and on the control (CK: direct germination after no coating, no fresh water, seed screening). The concentrations were T0 (0 mg/L), G1 (50 mg/L), G2 (100 mg/L), G3 (150 mg/L), G4 (200 mg/L), G5 (250 mg/L), respectively.

The experimental procedure was the same as in experimental example 1. Setting 4 repetitions for each treatment, and counting the germination rate of seeds, the length of radicle and the length of embryo;

the physical graph of the seed germination rate experiment and the statistical result of the germination rate are shown in fig. 7 and 8, respectively. A statistical plot of the radicle length of the seed under different drought stresses and a statistical plot of the embryo length of the seed under different drought stresses are shown with reference to fig. 9 and 10, respectively.

Germination rate results showed:

1. under the condition of G1-G5 gibberellin concentration, when the seeds are not subjected to drought stress, the germination of the seeds is inhibited, the inhibition degree is about 1.6% -10%, and the inhibition degree is larger when the gibberellin concentration is higher.

2. When the brome seeds are subjected to slight drought stress (the environmental osmotic potential is about-0.3 Mpa), the germination rate of the seeds can be improved by 26.7-36.7% under the condition of the concentration of G1-G5 naphthalene acetic acid;

3. when the brome seeds are subjected to moderate drought stress (-0.5 Mpa < environmental osmotic potential-1.0 Mpa), the germination rate of the seeds can be improved by 30-40% by implementing under the condition of G1-G5 gibberellin concentration.

4. When the awnless brome seeds are subjected to extreme drought stress (-1 Mpa < environmental osmotic potential), the germination rate of the seeds can be improved by 5% -11.6% under the condition of the concentration of G1-G2 naphthalene acetic acid, the seeds with the concentration exceeding G2 are not germinated, and the effect is not improved.

Radicle length results:

gibberellin has no significant increase in radicle length.

Germ length results:

the concentration of gibberellin G1-G5 can obviously increase the germ length of germinated seeds, the average single plant increasing amplitude is about 0.97-7.05 cm, and meanwhile, for the awnless brome seeds which are subjected to moderate drought stress, the average germ length can be stimulated to be increased by about 4.92cm after germination, and the increasing amplitude is about 2.32-6.99 cm.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method of preparing a brome-free seed bag, comprising: mixing the awnless brome seeds to be treated with a porous material with plant hormone or auxin analogue and a binder according to the mass ratio of 1-2:100:0.2 to obtain awnless brome seed bags; the plant hormone is selected from gibberellin, and the auxin analogue is selected from naphthylacetic acid;

the porous material with the auxin analogue is prepared by the following method: soaking the porous material in a solution of gibberellin of 20-250 mg/L;

the porous material is selected from corncob particles, coconut palm, fibrilia, or matrix nutrient soil.

2. The method of preparing a bag of brome seeds according to claim 1, wherein the porous material is soaked in 50-150mg/L gibberellin solution;

preferably, soaking for 6-24 hours, taking out and draining;

preferably, the soaking is for 12 hours.

3. The method of preparing a bag of awnless brome seeds according to claim 2, wherein the mixing of the awnless brome seeds to be treated with a porous material with phytohormone or with auxin analogue, a coating agent, further comprises stirring;

preferably, the stirring temperature is less than 10 ℃;

preferably, the stirring temperature is 3-5 ℃;

the awnless brome seeds to be treated are mixed with a porous material with plant hormone or auxin analogue and an adhesive, and the stirring process is a complete light-proof condition;

preferably, the binder is selected from at least one of styrene-acrylic emulsion and carboxymethyl cellulose.

4. A method for promoting germination of awnless brome seeds under drought conditions, characterized in that awnless brome seed packages obtained by the method for preparing awnless brome seed packages according to any one of claims 1-3 are cultivated under the following conditions: alternate light and dark (12 h light/12 h dark), constant temperature 20-27 ℃.

5. A method for promoting germination of brome-free seeds under drought conditions, characterized in that brome-free seeds obtained by the method for preparing brome-free seed packets according to any one of claims 1-3 are embedded in a soil surface layer, and the environmental osmotic potential range measured in the field is: -1.1MPa < environmental osmotic potential < 0MPa, selecting a brome seed packet without gibberellin; the porous material with gibberellin is prepared by soaking the porous material in a solution of 20-250mg/L gibberellin;

6. A glabrous greenbrier seed package obtainable by the process for preparing a glabrous greenbrier seed package according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

7. A method of preparing a coating of brome seeds comprising: mixing the awnless brome seeds with a seed coating agent solution according to 30-80g:1-2ml of the seed coating agent solution, and 0.3-1.2 mg of plant hormone or 20-250mg of auxin analogue is added into each 1L of the seed coating agent solution; the plant hormone is selected from gibberellin and the auxin analog is selected from naphthylacetic acid.

8. The method of preparing a coating of brome glabrous greenbrier seeds according to claim 7, wherein the seed coating solution comprises the following raw materials in mass volume concentration:

65-80% of coating carrier, 1-2% of slow release agent, 10-13% of film forming agent, 1-2% of water retention agent, 0.5-1% of solubilization dispersing agent, 0.5-1% of stabilizing agent and 1% of warning dye, and the balance of water;

preferably, the coating carrier is selected from polyglutamic acid;

preferably, the slow release agent is selected from chitosan; the film forming agent is selected from polyvinyl alcohol, the water retaining agent is selected from cellulose water retaining agents, preferably, the cellulose water retaining agent is selected from at least one of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, methyl cellulose and carboxymethyl cellulose;

preferably, the solubilizing dispersant is selected from octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether (OP 20); the stabilizer is selected from sodium alginate; the warning dye is selected from any one of gentian violet, brilliant blue water, carmine, acid scarlet and rose bengal;

preferably, after mixing brome seeds and a seed coating agent solution according to a proportion, coating the seed coating agent on the surfaces of the seeds, and then placing the coated seeds in an ultraviolet resistance agent so that the ultraviolet resistance agent is coated outside the coated seeds;

preferably, the ultraviolet resistance agent is diethylamino hydroxybenzoyl hexyl benzoate, and the ultraviolet resistance agent is prepared by the following method: mixing 1-2g of ultraviolet resistance agent raw material with 100g of dissolution carrier; preferably, the dissolution carrier is starch.

9. A coating of brome glabrous greenbrier seeds produced by the method of producing a coating of brome glabrous greenbrier seeds as claimed in any one of claims 7 to 8.

10. A method for promoting germination of awnless brome seeds under drought conditions, characterized in that awnless brome seed coating is prepared according to the method for preparing awnless brome seed coating of any one of claims 7-8, and then the awnless brome seed coating is buried in the soil surface layer;

preferably, if the in-situ measured environmental osmotic potential range is: -0.5MPa < environmental osmotic potential < -0.3MPa, selecting a coating of awnless brome seeds with gibberellin or naphthylacetic acid; when the awnless brome seed packet with the naphthylacetic acid is prepared, 0.3-1.2 mg of naphthylacetic acid is added into each 1L of seed coating solution; when the awnless brome seed bag with gibberellin is prepared, 20-250mg gibberellin is added into each 1L seed coating solution;

if the environmental osmotic potential range measured in the field is: -1.0MPa < environmental osmotic potential < -0.5MPa, selecting a coating of awnless brome seeds with gibberellin or naphthylacetic acid; when the awnless brome seed packet with the naphthylacetic acid is prepared, 0.3-1.2 mg of naphthylacetic acid is added into each 1L of seed coating solution; when the awnless brome seed bag with gibberellin is prepared, 20-250mg gibberellin is added into each 1L seed coating solution;