CN105028124A - Brackish water and fresh water mixed irrigation method for saline-alkali soil and application of irrigation method in planting of amaranthus hypochondriacus - Google Patents
Brackish water and fresh water mixed irrigation method for saline-alkali soil and application of irrigation method in planting of amaranthus hypochondriacus Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention provides a brackish water and fresh water mixed irrigation method for saline-alkali soil. The irrigation method is characterized by comprising seedling-stage irrigation, intermediate-stage irrigation and cutting-stage irrigation. According to the seedling-stage irrigation, the ratio of times of rotation irrigation of brackish water to fresh water is 1:4, and the amount of irrigation at each time is 300 to 400m<3>/hectare. According to the intermediate-stage irrigation, the ratio of times of rotation irrigation of amino acid-enriched saline water to the fresh water is 1:3, irrigation is carried out for one time every five to seven days, and the amount of irrigation at each time is 400 to 500m<3>/hectare. The amino acid-enriched saline water is formed by dissolving an amino acid fertilizer into the brackish water, and components of the amino acid fertilizer comprise 5 to 6 percent of valine, 7 to 9 percent of cystine, 3 to 4 percent of aspartic acid, 2 to 3 percent of hydroxyproline, 3 to 5 percent of tryptophan, 3 to 6 percent of serine, 7 to 8 percent of threonine and 10 to 16 percent of microelement. Amaranthus hypochondriacus is planted by using the irrigation method, the annual output of fresh grass is 20,000 to 22,000kg/acre, and the protein content of the fresh grass is 25.2 to 28.8 percent.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agriculture field, relate to a kind of brackish water and mixing of fresh water irrigation method, be specifically related to a kind of saline land brackish water and mixing of fresh water irrigation method and the application in Grain Production of Amaranthus plantation thereof.
Background technology
Implement saline land crop to irrigate the impact simultaneously need considering soil moisture and salinity.During insufficient irrigation, crop may slow down the growth rate even underproduction because root region soil water content is too low or soil solution salt concentration is too high.But heavy irrigation also may affect crop normal growth, and causes Pedotransfer function because raising subterranean water level.
Current irrigation with saline water technology mainly comprises irrigates separately and mixed filling, and mixed key technology of filling with is mixed filling ratio and the selection to salt water.In addition, irrigation volume is also an importance.When water resource allows, mixed mode of filling with is adopted to irrigate the water resource not only taking full advantage of saline land, and, can alkaline land soil be improved.
But the brackish water irrigation technology of prior art exists following defect: the irrigation method adopting prior art, low in the fresh careless annual production of saline land plantation Grain Production of Amaranthus; The nutrient composition content of the Grain Production of Amaranthus of plantation is not high.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to above deficiency, a kind of saline land brackish water and mixing of fresh water irrigation method and the application in Grain Production of Amaranthus plantation thereof be provided, realize following goal of the invention:
1, adopt irrigation method of the present invention plantation Grain Production of Amaranthus, improve the fresh careless annual production of Grain Production of Amaranthus to 20000-22000kg/ mu;
2, adopt irrigation method of the present invention plantation Grain Production of Amaranthus, improve the fresh careless Middle nutrition component content of Grain Production of Amaranthus, improve protein content to 25.2-28.8%;
3, adopt irrigation method of the present invention plantation Grain Production of Amaranthus, improve Grain Production of Amaranthus hay nutrient composition content.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, by the following technical solutions:
A kind of saline land brackish water and mixing of fresh water irrigation method, is characterized in that: comprise irrigation in seedling stage, mid-term irrigates, cut issue is irrigated.
Below the further improvement to technique scheme:
Described seedling stage irrigates: brackish water, fresh water rotation flow number of times are than being 1:4, and each irrigation volume is 300-400m3/ hectare.
Described seedling stage irrigates the brackish water used: salinity is 2.2-3.4g/L, pH is 7.8-8.2, and salt content is 0.09-0.11%, and sodium salt content accounts for the 70-76% of total salt content.
Described mid-term irrigates: amino-enriched salt water, fresh water rotation flow number of times are than being irrigate once for 1:3, every 5-7 days, and each irrigation volume is 400-500m3/ hectare.
Described amino-enriched salt water is dissolved in brackish water by amino acid fertilizer to be made; Described brackish water salinity is 3.2-3.8g/L, pH is 8.0-8.5, and salt content is 0.07-0.10%, and sodium salt content accounts for the 58-64% of total salt content.
The component of described amino acid fertilizer comprises valine 5-6%, cystine 7-9%, asparatate 3-4%, hydroxyproline 2-3%, tryptophan 3-5%, serine 3-6%, threonine 7-8%, micro-10-16%.
Described cut issue is irrigated: brackish water, fresh water rotation flow number of times are than being 1:2, and each irrigation volume is 500-600m3/ hectare.
Described cut issue irrigates the brackish water used: salinity is 3.6-4.2g/L, pH is 8.2-8.4, and salt content is 0.08-0.12%, and sodium salt content accounts for the 72-80% of total salt content.
Saline land brackish water and the application of mixing of fresh water irrigation method in Grain Production of Amaranthus plantation, described application comprises growing area soil melioration: every mu is spread fertilizer over the fields soil conditioner 300kg; Described soil conditioner comprises the component of following weight portion: polyvinyl alcohol 5-7 part, charcoal 9-10 part, alkali fluffy powder 2-3 part, diatomite 18-20 part, water-loss reducer 15-18 part, ironic citrate 7-8 part, urea aldehyde-sulfonated humic acid 12-13 part, Grain Production of Amaranthus powder 7-9 part, addicted to salt Plasmodium nueleophilum 0.2g/kg.
Described application also comprises and cradles step of gathering: cradle 4 times every year, want toothing 30-40 centimetre at every turn when cradling.
The present invention compared with prior art, has following beneficial effect:
1, adopt irrigation method of the present invention plantation Grain Production of Amaranthus, significantly improve the fresh careless annual production of Grain Production of Amaranthus to 20000-22000kg/ mu;
2, adopt irrigation method of the present invention plantation Grain Production of Amaranthus, the fresh careless Middle nutrition component content of Grain Production of Amaranthus is high; Protein content is 25.2-28.8%, and lysine content is 0.83-0.96%;
3, adopt irrigation method of the present invention plantation Grain Production of Amaranthus, Grain Production of Amaranthus hay nutrient composition content is high; Gross protein value is 17.6-18.6%, and crude fat content is 0.82-0.94%, and crude fiber content is 18.8-19.8%;
4, adopt irrigation method of the present invention plantation Grain Production of Amaranthus, Grain Production of Amaranthus hay extract content is high; Nitrogen free extract content is 33.8-34.9%.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1 one kinds of saline land brackish waters and the application of mixing of fresh water irrigation method in Grain Production of Amaranthus plantation
Step 1, nursery
In the first tenday period of a month in May, carry out raise seedling in hot bed.Generally within 15-20 days, carry out raise seedling in hot bed ahead of time, dark 40 centimeters of seedbed, fill out 20 centimeters of thick loam, first fill with sufficient water, until water ooze lower after seed is sprinkling upon equably above, be then covered with the fine earth upper cover film of one deck 1.5-2 cm thick.
After planting, during height of seedling 2 centimetres, can suitably take off film and leak informaton.Notice that seedling bed temperature is not higher than 35 DEG C, so as not to being burnt to death by seedling.
When height of seedling 15 centimetres, prepare to transplant.
Step 2, growing area soil melioration
Growing area soil: pH is 8.5-8.8, and salt content is 0-30cm soil layer salt content is 5.6-5.8%, and total nitrogen content is 0.045%.
Improve growing area saline land before transplanting, every mu is spread fertilizer over the fields soil conditioner 300kg, ploughs deeply 40cm, waters once permeable.
Described soil conditioner comprises the component of following weight portion: polyvinyl alcohol 5-7 part, charcoal 9-10 part, alkali fluffy powder 2-3 part, diatomite 18-20 part, water-loss reducer 15-18 part, ironic citrate 7-8 part, urea aldehyde-sulfonated humic acid 12-13 part, Grain Production of Amaranthus powder 7-9 part, addicted to salt Plasmodium nueleophilum 0.2g/kg.
The preparation method of described soil conditioner:
(1) by fluffy for alkali oven dry, moisture, lower than 10%, is pulverized, and crosses 80 mesh sieves, obtains the fluffy powder of alkali.
(2) strain of Grain Production of Amaranthus grass is dried, pulverize, cross 80 mesh sieves, obtain Grain Production of Amaranthus powder.
(3) in above-mentioned mass parts ratio weighing polyvinyl alcohol, charcoal, the fluffy powder of alkali, diatomite, water-loss reducer, ironic citrate, urea aldehyde-sulfonated humic acid, Grain Production of Amaranthus powder.
(4) by load weighted for step (3) component mixing; First charcoal, the fluffy powder of alkali, diatomite are pulverized, mix; Add polyvinyl alcohol, water-loss reducer, ironic citrate, urea aldehyde-sulfonated humic acid again, 200rpm stirs 30min.
(5) bacterium is sprayed; Spray into addicted to salt Plasmodium nueleophilum in the hybrid solid material that step (4) is stirred, Pen Jun limit, limit stirs, and obtains finished product soil conditioner; The bacteria containing amount of finished product soil conditioner is 0.2g/kg.
Step 3, transplanting
Want prior whole furrow well before planting seedling, use sufficient base fertilizer, water permeable.Grain Production of Amaranthus transplantation of seedlings in furrow, reality is covered in ridging, and furrow surrounding is trimmed to spill.
In night the previous day of transplanting seedlings, water permeable, within second day, can transplantation of seedlings be opened.Line-spacing 50-70 centimetre, spacing in the rows 15-20 centimetre.
Step 4, irrigation
(1) irrigate seedling stage:
The mode of employing brackish water, fresh water rotation flow is irrigated, and brackish water, fresh water rotation flow number of times are than being irrigate once for 1:4, every 7-10 days, and each irrigation volume is 300m3/ hectare;
The salinity of described fresh water is less than 1g/L, and described brackish water salinity is 2.2g/L, pH is 7.8, and salt content is 0.09%, and sodium salt content accounts for 70% of total salt content.
(2) irrigate mid-term:
Adopt amino-enriched salt water, the mode of fresh water rotation flow irrigates, amino-enriched salt water, fresh water rotation flow number of times are than irrigating once for 1:3, every 5-7 days, and each irrigation volume is 400m3/ hectare;
The salinity of described fresh water is less than 1g/L;
The preparation of described amino-enriched salt water:
Get amino acid fertilizer 10kg to be dissolved in 1000L brackish water, mix, obtained amino-enriched salt water;
Described amino acid fertilizer comprises valine 5%, cystine 7%, asparatate 3%, hydroxyproline 2%, tryptophan 3%, serine 3%, threonine 7%, trace element 10%;
Described brackish water salinity is 3.2g/L, pH is 8.0, and salt content is 0.07%, and sodium salt content accounts for 58% of total salt content.
(3) cut issue is irrigated:
The mode of employing brackish water, fresh water rotation flow is irrigated, and brackish water, fresh water rotation flow number of times are than being irrigate once for 1:2, every 3-5 days, and each irrigation volume is 500m3/ hectare;
The salinity of described fresh water is less than 1g/L; The salinity of described brackish water is 3.6g/L, pH is 8.2, and salt content is 0.08%, and sodium salt content accounts for 72% of total salt content.
Step 5, management
Grain Production of Amaranthus plant is tall and big, during general plant height 1 meter-1.5 meters, due to top-heavy, easily lodges, pre-lodging-prevention of can earthing up when intertilling.
Step
6,cradle and gather
Cradle the blue or green strain of Grain Production of Amaranthus, as the animal feeding-stuff of high-quality.
First time, cut issue was the flower bud phase, namely came into bloom, 50-70 days after being at this moment equivalent to emerge, and plant is high about 1.5 meters; After, often cross and cradle once in 40 days, cradle 4 times altogether, when cradling, want toothing 30-40 centimetre at every turn.
embodiment 2 one kinds of saline land brackish waters and the application of mixing of fresh water irrigation method in Grain Production of Amaranthus plantation
Adopt the implantation methods of embodiment 1, only change step 4 and irrigate, carry out embodiment 2 kinds and plant Grain Production of Amaranthus.
The irrigation step of embodiment 2 is as follows:
(1) irrigate seedling stage:
The mode of employing brackish water, fresh water rotation flow is irrigated, and brackish water, fresh water rotation flow number of times are than being irrigate once for 1:4, every 7-10 days, and each irrigation volume is 350m3/ hectare;
The salinity of described fresh water is less than 1g/L, and described brackish water salinity is 2.8g/L, pH is 7.9, and salt content is 0.1%, and sodium salt content accounts for 74% of total salt content.
(2) irrigate mid-term:
Adopt amino-enriched salt water, the mode of fresh water rotation flow irrigates, amino-enriched salt water, fresh water rotation flow number of times are than irrigating once for 1:3, every 5-7 days, and each irrigation volume is 450m3/ hectare;
The salinity of described fresh water is less than 1g/L;
The preparation of described amino-enriched salt water:
Get amino acid fertilizer 10kg to be dissolved in 1000L brackish water, mix, obtained amino-enriched salt water;
Described amino acid fertilizer comprises valine 5%, cystine 8%, asparatate 3%, hydroxyproline 3%, tryptophan 4%, serine 4%, threonine 7%, trace element 15%;
Described brackish water salinity is 3.5g/L, pH is 8.2, and salt content is 0.08%, and sodium salt content accounts for 60% of total salt content.
(3) cut issue is irrigated:
The mode of employing brackish water, fresh water rotation flow is irrigated, and brackish water, fresh water rotation flow number of times are than being irrigate once for 1:2, every 3-5 days, and each irrigation volume is 550m3/ hectare;
The salinity of described fresh water is less than 1g/L; The salinity of described brackish water is 4.0g/L, pH is 8.3, and salt content is 0.1%, and sodium salt content accounts for 76% of total salt content.
embodiment 3 one kinds of saline land brackish waters and the application of mixing of fresh water irrigation method in Grain Production of Amaranthus plantation
Adopt the implantation methods of embodiment 1, only change step 4 and irrigate, carry out embodiment 3 kinds and plant Grain Production of Amaranthus.
The irrigation step of embodiment 3 is as follows:
(1) irrigate seedling stage:
The mode of employing brackish water, fresh water rotation flow is irrigated, and brackish water, fresh water rotation flow number of times are than being irrigate once for 1:4, every 7-10 days, and each irrigation volume is 400m3/ hectare;
The salinity of described fresh water is less than 1g/L, and described brackish water salinity is 3.4g/L, pH is 8.2, and salt content is 0.11%, and sodium salt content accounts for 76% of total salt content.
(2) irrigate mid-term:
Adopt amino-enriched salt water, the mode of fresh water rotation flow irrigates, amino-enriched salt water, fresh water rotation flow number of times are than irrigating once for 1:3, every 5-7 days, and each irrigation volume is 500m3/ hectare;
The salinity of described fresh water is less than 1g/L;
The preparation of described amino-enriched salt water:
Get amino acid fertilizer 10kg to be dissolved in 1000L brackish water, mix, obtained amino-enriched salt water;
Described amino acid fertilizer comprises valine 6%, cystine 9%, asparatate 4%, hydroxyproline 3%, tryptophan 5%, serine 6%, threonine 8%, trace element 16%;
Described brackish water salinity is 3.8g/L, pH is 8.5, and salt content is 0.10%, and sodium salt content accounts for 64% of total salt content.
(3) cut issue is irrigated:
The mode of employing brackish water, fresh water rotation flow is irrigated, and brackish water, fresh water rotation flow number of times are than being irrigate once for 1:2, every 3-5 days, and each irrigation volume is 600m3/ hectare;
The salinity of described fresh water is less than 1g/L; The salinity of described brackish water is 4.2g/L, pH is 8.4, and salt content is 0.12%, and sodium salt content accounts for 80% of total salt content.
experimental result is in table 1:
The plantation result of table 1 embodiment 1-3
From table 1, embodiment 2 is preferred embodiment.
Adopt saline land of the present invention brackish water and mixing of fresh water irrigation method plantation Grain Production of Amaranthus, the fresh careless annual production of Grain Production of Amaranthus is 20000-22000kg/ mu, and Grain Production of Amaranthus fresh vegetable protein matter content is 25.2-28.8%, and lysine content is 0.83-0.96%; Grain Production of Amaranthus hay gross protein value is 17.6-18.6%, and crude fat content is 0.82-0.94%, and crude fiber content is 18.8-19.8%, and nitrogen free extract content is 33.8-34.9%.
Adopt the inventive method plantation Grain Production of Amaranthus, plant after 1 year, detect growing area soil: pH is 7.3-7.5, salt content is 0-30cm soil layer salt content is 2.1-2.3%, and total nitrogen content is 0.098%.
Last it is noted that the foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, although with reference to previous embodiment to invention has been detailed description, for a person skilled in the art, it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein portion of techniques feature.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. saline land brackish water and a mixing of fresh water irrigation method, is characterized in that: described irrigation method comprises irrigation in seedling stage, mid-term irrigates, cut issue is irrigated.
2. a kind of saline land brackish water according to claim 1 and mixing of fresh water irrigation method, is characterized in that: described seedling stage irrigates: brackish water, fresh water rotation flow number of times are than being 1:4, and each irrigation volume is 300-400m3/ hectare.
3. a kind of saline land brackish water according to claim 2 and mixing of fresh water irrigation method, it is characterized in that: described seedling stage irrigates the brackish water used: salinity is 2.2-3.4g/L, pH is 7.8-8.2, and salt content is 0.09-0.11%, and sodium salt content accounts for the 70-76% of total salt content.
4. a kind of saline land brackish water according to claim 1 and mixing of fresh water irrigation method, it is characterized in that: described mid-term irrigates: amino-enriched salt water, fresh water rotation flow number of times are than being 1:3, within every 5-7 days, irrigate once, each irrigation volume is 400-500m3/ hectare.
5. a kind of saline land brackish water according to claim 4 and mixing of fresh water irrigation method, is characterized in that: described amino-enriched salt water is dissolved in brackish water by amino acid fertilizer to be made; Described brackish water salinity is 3.2-3.8g/L, pH is 8.0-8.5, and salt content is 0.07-0.10%, and sodium salt content accounts for the 58-64% of total salt content.
6. a kind of saline land brackish water according to claim 5 and mixing of fresh water irrigation method, is characterized in that: the component of described amino acid fertilizer comprises valine 5-6%, cystine 7-9%, asparatate 3-4%, hydroxyproline 2-3%, tryptophan 3-5%, serine 3-6%, threonine 7-8%, micro-10-16%.
7. a kind of saline land brackish water according to claim 1 and mixing of fresh water irrigation method, is characterized in that: described cut issue is irrigated: brackish water, fresh water rotation flow number of times are than being 1:2, and each irrigation volume is 500-600m3/ hectare.
8. a kind of saline land brackish water according to claim 7 and mixing of fresh water irrigation method, it is characterized in that: described cut issue irrigates the brackish water used: salinity is 3.6-4.2g/L, pH is 8.2-8.4, and salt content is 0.08-0.12%, and sodium salt content accounts for the 72-80% of total salt content.
9. saline land brackish water and the application of mixing of fresh water irrigation method in Grain Production of Amaranthus plantation, is characterized in that: described application comprises growing area soil melioration: every mu is spread fertilizer over the fields soil conditioner 300kg; Described soil conditioner comprises the component of following weight portion: polyvinyl alcohol 5-7 part, charcoal 9-10 part, alkali fluffy powder 2-3 part, diatomite 18-20 part, water-loss reducer 15-18 part, ironic citrate 7-8 part, urea aldehyde-sulfonated humic acid 12-13 part, Grain Production of Amaranthus powder 7-9 part, addicted to salt Plasmodium nueleophilum 0.2g/kg.
10. a kind of saline land brackish water according to claim 9 and the mixing of fresh water irrigation side application in Grain Production of Amaranthus plantation, is characterized in that: described application also comprises and cradles step of gathering: cradle 4 times every year, want toothing 30-40 centimetre at every turn when cradling.
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| CN106171354A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-12-07 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | A kind of application using high potassium bitter and the root-divided alternative irrigation method of fresh water and planting Pollen pini thunbergii in salt-soda soil |
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| CN109042147A (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2018-12-21 | 山东胜伟旅游发展有限公司 | Method salt-soda soil plantation Grain Production of Amaranthus and prepare feed stripped |
| CN112293173A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-02-02 | 河北省农林科学院滨海农业研究所 | Method for planting suaeda salsa in facility of coastal muddy saline-alkali land and application of suaeda salsa in quality improvement and yield increase |
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| CN109042147A (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2018-12-21 | 山东胜伟旅游发展有限公司 | Method salt-soda soil plantation Grain Production of Amaranthus and prepare feed stripped |
| CN112293173A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-02-02 | 河北省农林科学院滨海农业研究所 | Method for planting suaeda salsa in facility of coastal muddy saline-alkali land and application of suaeda salsa in quality improvement and yield increase |
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