CN116327825A - 一种用于治疗心血管疾病的中药及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种用于治疗心血管疾病的中药及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN116327825A CN116327825A CN202310271677.8A CN202310271677A CN116327825A CN 116327825 A CN116327825 A CN 116327825A CN 202310271677 A CN202310271677 A CN 202310271677A CN 116327825 A CN116327825 A CN 116327825A
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Abstract
一种用于治疗心血管疾病的中药及其制备方法，它涉及中药领域，本发明要目前治疗心血管疾病的中针对MIRI治疗效果不佳，以及对心血管的扩张冠脉血管，增加冠脉血流量，防止血小板聚集，抑制血栓的形成防治效果不理想的问题。本发明的治疗心血管疾病的中药由蒺藜、夜交藤、赤芍、黄芪、丹参、三七、红花和灯盏花制成。本发明用于治疗心血管疾病的中药能够减轻心肌细胞梗死程度，缩小病变范围，从而改善心肌损伤，对于MIRI的治疗效果显著，且能够防止血栓的形成或者血管堵塞性等疾病。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中药领域，具体涉及一种用于治疗心血管疾病的中药及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着人们生活水平的提高，生活节奏加快，饮食结构改变，但饮食结构搭配不合理，高脂肪食物摄入偏多，造成血管粥样硬化，血流杂质即垃圾增多，血管狭窄，血压升高，致使人群中心血管疾病发病率居高不下，并有年轻化的趋势。
心血管疾病泛指由于高脂血症、血液黏稠、动脉粥样硬化、高血压等所导致的心脏、大脑及全身组织发生的缺血性或出血性疾病。心血管疾病是一种严重威胁人类，特别是50岁以上中老年人健康的常见病，具有高患病率、高致残率和高死亡率的特点。
心血管疾病常见症状有心悸、气短、呼吸困难、胸闷、胸痛、心律不齐、心肌缺血、心绞痛等。
临床治疗心肌梗死方法包括溶栓治疗、冠状动脉介入治疗和支架置入术以恢复心肌血流。然而，急性心肌梗死发作后的心脏再灌注通常导致心肌细胞损伤，容易导致心肌缺血再灌注损伤发生，心肌缺血再灌注损伤(MIRI)是指冠状动脉部分或完全急性阻塞后，在一定时间后又重新获得再通后，缺血心肌虽然得以恢复正常灌注，但其组织损伤反而呈进行性加重的病理过程。解决MIRI已经成为心血管疾病也是目前研究的重点。目前的中药方剂，虽然有治疗MIRI的报道，如CN108904713A，给出了一种治疗心血管疾病的中药，采用黄芪、天麻、小红参和地龙治疗MIRI症状，但是该方剂主要以增强心肌对氧自由基的清除能力为主。且对于心血管其他症状，如扩张冠脉血管，增加冠脉血流量，防止血小板聚集，抑制血栓的形成等并没有相关的报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的是要解决目前治疗心血管疾病的中针对MIRI治疗效果不佳，以及对心血管的扩张冠脉血管，增加冠脉血流量，防止血小板聚集，抑制血栓的形成防治效果不理想的问题，而提供一种用于治疗心血管疾病的中药及其制备方法。
一种用于治疗心血管疾病的中药由蒺藜、夜交藤、赤芍、黄芪、丹参、三七、红花和灯盏花制成。
一种用于治疗心血管疾病的中药的制备方法是按以下步骤完成的：
一、称取：
按重量份数称取蒺藜、夜交藤、赤芍、黄芪、丹参、三七、红花和灯盏花，得到混合药材；
二、煎煮：
向混合药材中加入混合药材5倍～8倍的水，然后在60℃～100℃下水煎50min～60min，过滤分离，得到第一次水提后的混合药材和第一份水提液；向第一次水提后的混合药材中加入5倍～8倍的水，然后在60℃～100℃下水煎40min～50min，过滤分离，得到第二次水提后的混合药材和第二份水提液；向第二次水提后的混合药材中加入5倍～8倍的水，然后在60℃～100℃下水煎30min～40min，过滤分离，得到第三次水提后的混合药材和第三份水提液；将第一份水提液、第二份水提液和第三份水提液混合，形成混合液；将混合液浓缩成不同药物浓度的用于治疗心血管疾病的中药。
在本发明中药组合物中：
蒺藜：辛、苦，微温；具有平肝解郁，活血祛风，明目，止痒的功效：蒺藜能增加脑缺血部位的血供，起到改善脑循环、保护缺血脑组织的作用，这可能是由于蒺藜皂苷对磷酸二酯酶有抑制作用。蒺藜总皂苷对缺氧再给氧、缺血再灌注心肌有保护作用，并且与提高机体内源性抗氧化能力、降低脂质的氧化程度有关。
夜交藤：药性甘、平，归心、肝二经。具有养心，安神，通络，祛风的功效；主治：治失眠症，劳伤，多汗，血虚身痛，痈疽，瘰疬，风疮疥癣。可安心养神，祛风通络。
赤芍：其性酸敛阴柔，具有养阴、行瘀、止痛、凉血、消肿。主治：治瘀滞经闭、疝瘕积聚、腹痛、胁痛、衄血、血痢、肠风下血、目赤、痈肿、跌扑损伤。赤芍具有扩张动脉血管、增加冠状动脉处血流量的作用。可以预防和改善心肌缺血、心脏房颤、心肌梗塞、动脉粥样硬化、脑溢血等疾病。
黄芪：味甘、微温；归脾、肺经；具有益卫固表，补气升阳，托毒生肌，利水消肿的功效；主治气虚乏力，食少便溏，中气下陷，久泻脱肛，自汗盗汗，血虚萎黄，阴疽漫肿，气虚水肿，内热消渴。
丹参：味苦，微寒，具有活血调经，祛瘀止痛，凉血消痈，除烦安神的功效，可加强心肌收缩力、改善心脏功能，不增加心肌耗氧量；可扩张冠脉，增加心肌血流量；扩张外周血管，血流增加；脑血流量下降；可提高纤溶酶活性；延长出、凝血时间；抑制血小板聚集(提高血小板内cAMP水平抑制TXA2合成)；改善血液流变学特性(血粘度降低、红细胞电泳时间缩短)；可改善微循环。
三七：甘、微苦，温；主治：散瘀止血，消肿定痛；具有止血补血，镇痛，抗血栓和增强免疫力的功效。
红花：辛，温。归心、肝经。活血通经，散瘀止痛。
灯盏花：性寒、微苦、甘温辛，具有微寒解毒、祛风除湿、活血化瘀、通经活络、消炎止痛的功效。有助于改善心肌微循环，预防缺血引起的冠心病，心绞痛等。可增强心肌营养性血流量，加速脑的血流量，促进微循环。可抑制血小板的聚集，防止血栓的形成或者血管堵塞性疾病。
本发明以黄芪益气固表、丹参活血祛瘀，安神宁心，扩张冠状动脉，增加冠脉流量，扩张外周血管，改善心肌缺血，改善微循环，二者合用，共为君臣，赤芍、三七和红花具有清热凉血，活血祛瘀，温中理气，舒经通络功效，去瘀止痛。灯盏花具有活血化瘀、通经活络、改善心肌微循环，增强心肌营养性血流量等作用，是治疗心血管疾病常用药，采用灯盏花与丹参、赤芍、三七、红花相互配合作用，能显著提升活血化瘀等功效，且对于抑制血小板和红细胞黏附和聚集，降低血黏度，扩张冠状动脉具有显著的改善作用，具有抑制血栓功效。夜交藤的加入对于黄芪益气固表，丹参的安神宁心功效有效提升。本发明所用的蒺藜对缺氧再给氧、缺血再灌注心肌有保护作用，并且与提高机体内源性抗氧化能力，与灯盏花共同配合对于MIRI的治疗效果显著提升。
本发明的有益效果：
一、本发明用于治疗心血管疾病的中药物具有养心安神，益气养血，活血化瘀，消肿定痛的功效，目前治疗心血管疾病的中药药物价格昂贵，不良反应大和治疗有效率低的问题；
二、本发明用于治疗心血管疾病的中药能够减轻心肌细胞梗死程度，缩小病变范围，从而改善心肌损伤，对于MIRI的治疗效果显著，且能够防止血栓的形成或者血管堵塞性等疾病。
具体实施方式
以下实施例进一步说明本发明的内容，但不应理解为对本发明的限制。在不背离本发明实质的情况下，对本发明方法、步骤或条件所作的修改和替换，均属于本发明的范围。
具体实施方式一：本实施方式一种用于治疗心血管疾病的中药由蒺藜、夜交藤、赤芍、黄芪、丹参、三七和灯盏花制成。
具体实施方式二：本实施方式与具体实施方式一不同点是：一种用于治疗心血管疾病的中药按重量份数由20份～50份蒺藜、10份～30份夜交藤、10份～20份赤芍、20份～50份黄芪、15份～30份丹参、10份～30份三七、10份～30份红花和5份～15份灯盏花制成。其它步骤与具体实施方式一相同。
具体实施方式三：本实施方式与具体实施方式一或二之一不同点是：一种用于治疗心血管疾病的中药按重量份数由30份～40份蒺藜、15份～25份夜交藤、15份～20份赤芍、30份～40份黄芪、20份～25份丹参、20份～25份三七、20份～25份红花和10份～15份灯盏花制成。其它步骤与具体实施方式一或二相同。
具体实施方式四：本实施方式与具体实施方式一至三之一不同点是：一种用于治疗心血管疾病的中药按重量份数由35份蒺藜、20份夜交藤、15份赤芍、30份黄芪、25份丹参、20份三七、20份红花和15份灯盏花制成。其它步骤与具体实施方式一至三相同。
具体实施方式五：本实施方式是一种用于治疗心血管疾病的中药的制备方法是按以下步骤完成的：
一、称取：
按重量份数称取蒺藜、夜交藤、赤芍、黄芪、丹参、三七和灯盏花，得到混合药材；
二、煎煮：
向混合药材中加入混合药材5倍～8倍的水，然后在60℃～100℃下水煎50min～60min，过滤分离，得到第一次水提后的混合药材和第一份水提液；向第一次水提后的混合药材中加入5倍～8倍的水，然后在60℃～100℃下水煎40min～50min，过滤分离，得到第二次水提后的混合药材和第二份水提液；向第二次水提后的混合药材中加入5倍～8倍的水，然后在60℃～100℃下水煎30min～40min，过滤分离，得到第三次水提后的混合药材和第三份水提液；将第一份水提液、第二份水提液和第三份水提液混合，形成混合液；将混合液浓缩成不同药物浓度的用于治疗心血管疾病的中药。
具体实施方式六：本实施方式与具体实施方式一至五之一不同点是：步骤二中将混合液浓缩成用于治疗心血管疾病的中药中生药的含量为4g/mL。其它步骤与具体实施方式一至五相同。
具体实施方式七：本实施方式与具体实施方式一至六之一不同点是：步骤二中将混合液浓缩成用于治疗心血管疾病的中药中生药的含量为2g/mL。其它步骤与具体实施方式一至六相同。
具体实施方式八：本实施方式与具体实施方式一至七之一不同点是：步骤二中将混合液浓缩成用于治疗心血管疾病的中药中生药的含量为1g/mL。其它步骤与具体实施方式一至七相同。
采用以下实施例验证本发明的有益效果：
实施例1：一种用于治疗心血管疾病的中药的制备方法，是按以下步骤完成的：
一、称取：
按重量份数称取35g蒺藜、20g夜交藤、15g赤芍、30g黄芪、25g丹参、20g三七、20g红花和15g灯盏花，得到混合药材；
二、煎煮：
向混合药材中加入混合药材5倍～8倍的水，然后在60℃～100℃下水煎50min～60min，过滤分离，得到第一次水提后的混合药材和第一份水提液；向第一次水提后的混合药材中加入5倍～8倍的水，然后在60℃～100℃下水煎40min～50min，过滤分离，得到第二次水提后的混合药材和第二份水提液；向第二次水提后的混合药材中加入5倍～8倍的水，然后在60℃～100℃下水煎30min～40min，过滤分离，得到第三次水提后的混合药材和第三份水提液；将第一份水提液、第二份水提液和第三份水提液混合，形成混合液；将混合液浓缩成用于治疗心血管疾病的中药中生药的含量为4g/mL。
对比例1：本对比例与实施例1不同的是：省去灯盏花。其他与实施例1相同。
对比例2：本对比例与实施例1不同的是：省去蒺藜、夜交藤。其他与实施例1相同。
1)实验材料：取雄性SD大鼠，饲喂7天后，取体重250g左右的大鼠，采用结扎大鼠左冠状动脉前降支的方法建立心肌缺血再灌注损伤大鼠模型。筛选选正常心电图大鼠，随机分为5组，每组10只，5组分别为假手术组，模型组，阳性对照组，中药组，对比例组。
2)给药方案：
假手术组：按照1ml/100g体质量灌服水溶液。
模型组：按照1ml/100g体质量灌服水溶液。
阳性对照组：按生药量给予300mg/kg的复方丹参药剂，每天1次。
中药组：按照17.5g生药/kg灌胃实施例1的药剂，每天1次。
对比例1组：按照17.5g生药/kg灌胃对比例1的药剂，每天1次。
对比例2组：按照17.5g生药/kg灌胃对比例2的药剂，每天1次。
上述各组均连续给药14天。
3)检测指标：
3.1测定各组大鼠血清中乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、肌酸激酶(CK)、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)以及丙二醛(MDA)的水平。
3.2心肌缺血梗死面积百分比测定：再灌注结束后，对大鼠手术，术后24h，取心脏，在原来结扎位置结扎，在冠脉结扎线下平行于冠状沟将心室等厚切成2mm厚的5片,放入1％TTC溶液中，在37℃水浴、避光条件下染色10min，梗死区不着色呈淡白色，正常心肌染为红色，用Image-J(NIH)软件计算梗死区面积百分比。
3.3血栓抑制：采用结扎法使大鼠下腔静脉血栓形成，血栓形成后取出血栓称重作为血栓湿重；然后将血栓烘干，称重作为干重，并计算得到血栓形成抑制率。
4)实验结果：
4.1心肌缺血梗死面积
表1心肌缺血梗死面积百分比
| 梗死面积(％) | |
| 假手术组 | 0 |
| 模型组 | 42.6±6.3 |
| 阳性对照组 | 15.8±4.1 |
| 中药组 | 8.1±3.3 |
| 对比例1组 | 18.7±5.2 |
| 对比例2组 | 16.3±4.9 |
由心肌缺血梗死面积百分比数据可以看出，采用实施例1的心血管疾病的中药制剂能够显著降低梗死面积，而对比例中，缺少了灯盏花梗死面积有一定的提升，说明实施例1中灯盏花的加入使得整体方剂对于心肌缺血有着极大的改善，进而降低梗死面积。
4.2大鼠血清中指标
表2大鼠血清中各项指标数据
由表2可知，采用实施例1的药剂能够显著改善心肌缺血大鼠模型血清中乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、肌酸激酶(CK)、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)以及丙二醛(MDA)指标，可以起到治疗心血管疾病的作用。而对比例2中由于省去蒺藜、夜交藤药剂，因此，各项指标改善效果与实施例1存在着显著差异，由此可以说明，蒺藜、夜交藤的加入对于实施例1整体方剂在治疗心血管疾病上起到了重要作用。
4.3血栓抑制率
表3血栓抑制率
| 湿重(mg) | 抑制率(％) | 干重(mg) | 抑制率(％) | |
| 假手术组 | 0.06±0.03 | - | 0.03±0.01 | |
| 模型组 | 16.71±5.28 | - | 6.31±1.55 | |
| 阳性对照组 | 2.73±0.94 | 83.66 | 0.84±0.13 | 86.68 |
| 中药组 | 4.26±0.52 | 74.50 | 1.14±0.62 | 81.93 |
| 对比例1组 | 8.32±1.67 | 50.20 | 2.94±1.06 | 53.40 |
| 对比例2组 | 5.13±0.84 | 69.29 | 1.52±0.93 | 75.91 |
由表3可知，实施例1的方剂还具有抑制血栓形成的作用，且效果显著。而对比例1中由于省去了灯盏花在血栓抑制效果上显著降低。因此，本发明加入灯盏花对于整体方剂在血栓抑制作用上具有明显提升功效。
Claims (8)
1.一种用于治疗心血管疾病的中药，其特征在于一种用于治疗心血管疾病的中药由蒺藜、夜交藤、赤芍、黄芪、丹参、三七、红花和灯盏花制成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于治疗心血管疾病的中药，其特征在于一种用于治疗心血管疾病的中药按重量份数由20份～50份蒺藜、10份～30份夜交藤、10份～20份赤芍、20份～50份黄芪、15份～30份丹参、10份～30份三七、10份～30份红花和5份～15份灯盏花制成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于治疗心血管疾病的中药，其特征在于一种用于治疗心血管疾病的中药按重量份数由30份～40份蒺藜、15份～25份夜交藤、15份～20份赤芍、30份～40份黄芪、20份～25份丹参、20份～25份三七、20份～25份红花和10份～15份灯盏花制成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于治疗心血管疾病的中药，其特征在于一种用于治疗心血管疾病的中药按重量份数由35份蒺藜、20份夜交藤、15份赤芍、30份黄芪、25份丹参、20份三七、20份红花和15份灯盏花制成。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种用于治疗心血管疾病的中药的制备方法，其特征在于一种用于治疗心血管疾病的中药的制备方法是按以下步骤完成的：
一、称取：
按重量份数称取蒺藜、夜交藤、赤芍、黄芪、丹参、三七、红花和灯盏花，得到混合药材；
二、煎煮：
向混合药材中加入混合药材5倍～8倍的水，然后在60℃～100℃下水煎50min～60min，过滤分离，得到第一次水提后的混合药材和第一份水提液；向第一次水提后的混合药材中加入5倍～8倍的水，然后在60℃～100℃下水煎40min～50min，过滤分离，得到第二次水提后的混合药材和第二份水提液；向第二次水提后的混合药材中加入5倍～8倍的水，然后在60℃～100℃下水煎30min～40min，过滤分离，得到第三次水提后的混合药材和第三份水提液；将第一份水提液、第二份水提液和第三份水提液混合，形成混合液；将混合液浓缩成不同药物浓度的用于治疗心血管疾病的中药。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种用于治疗心血管疾病的中药的制备方法，其特征在于步骤二中将混合液浓缩成用于治疗心血管疾病的中药中生药的含量为4g/mL。
7.根据权利要求5所述的一种用于治疗心血管疾病的中药的制备方法，其特征在于步骤二中将混合液浓缩成用于治疗心血管疾病的中药中生药的含量为2g/mL。
8.根据权利要求5所述的一种用于治疗心血管疾病的中药的制备方法，其特征在于步骤二中将混合液浓缩成用于治疗心血管疾病的中药中生药的含量为1g/mL。
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| CN1931248A (zh) * | 2005-09-14 | 2007-03-21 | 北京奇源益德药物研究所 | 一种药物组合物及其制备方法 |
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