CN116267711A - Mixed culture method for sea horse and abalone with sea cucumber and apostichopus japonicus circulating water - Google Patents
Mixed culture method for sea horse and abalone with sea cucumber and apostichopus japonicus circulating water Download PDFInfo
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- CN116267711A CN116267711A CN202310117716.9A CN202310117716A CN116267711A CN 116267711 A CN116267711 A CN 116267711A CN 202310117716 A CN202310117716 A CN 202310117716A CN 116267711 A CN116267711 A CN 116267711A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 101000831205 Danio rerio Dynein axonemal assembly factor 11 Proteins 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 102100024282 Dynein axonemal assembly factor 11 Human genes 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 241001559542 Hippocampus hippocampus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 101000831210 Homo sapiens Dynein axonemal assembly factor 11 Proteins 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 241000965254 Apostichopus japonicus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 241000251511 Holothuroidea Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 210000001320 hippocampus Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 241000143510 Haliotis discus hannai Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 241001489139 Haliotis discus Species 0.000 claims description 16
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000239250 Copepoda Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009344 polyculture Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019553 satiation Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241001474374 Blennius Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 101100009425 Danio rerio dexi gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- 101100009427 Mus musculus Dexi gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 241001247203 Syngnathidae Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000143060 Americamysis bahia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000965253 Apostichopus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000512259 Ascophyllum nodosum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000195628 Chlorophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001559553 Hippocampus abdominalis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000199919 Phaeophyceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000984986 Philippia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000700141 Rotifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000264279 Sargassum fusiforme Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001478428 Syngnathus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001261506 Undaria pinnatifida Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009193 crawling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N furosemide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1NCC1=CC=CO1 ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003883 furosemide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000009364 mariculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004916 vomit Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008673 vomiting Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/30—Culture of aquatic animals of sponges, sea urchins or sea cucumbers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/51—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of gastropods, e.g. abalones or turban snails
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for mixed culture of sea horse and abalone with sea cucumber. The method comprises the following steps: and (3) placing the haliotis discus hannai and the apostichopus japonicus into a circulating water culture pond for temporary culture, and then placing the haliotis discus hannai and the apostichopus japonicus into a sea horse for mixed culture. According to the method, circulating water cultivation is carried out in the same water space by utilizing the difference of growth spaces and nutrition levels of different species, so that the water space utilization rate can be improved, the high-energy utilization rate of a circulating water cultivation system is improved, meanwhile, the cultivated varieties are ensured not to be mutually damaged in the mixed cultivation process, the loss of the expanded hippocampus, the abalone with the wrinkled plate and the apostichopus japonicus is avoided, and the labor cost of dirt suction at the bottom of the expanded hippocampus cultivation pool can be effectively reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to a method for mixed culture of sea horse, abalone with haliotis discus and apostichopus japonicus circulating water.
Background
The mixed culture refers to culture behavior implemented in the same water body space according to the difference of growth spaces and nutrition levels of different species.
The sea horse is also called as big belly sea horse, is of the class of Philippia, order of acanthopoda, family Syngnathus, genus Hippocampus, is loved to be in the sea area under tide where algae grows, often winds around the stem and branch of seaweed or attachment with curled tail, and is also sometimes hung upside down on other objects such as seaweed or attachment which floats, and flows along with waves and gradually, and mainly feeds on the small insects and shrimps in natural ocean environment. The growth range temperature is 10-19 ℃. In the industrial cultivation process of the belly-expanded hippocampus, the pond bottom needs to be manually polluted every day.
The haliotis discus, living in reef areas, slowly crawling, and carrying out diurnal vomit and omnivora, wherein brown algae such as kelp, undaria pinnatifida, sargassum fusiforme and green algae are generally used, and small benthic animals such as rotifer copepods are also ingested, so that the optimal growth water temperature range is 15-24 ℃.
Apostichopus japonicus, living in reef zone and benthic life, mainly ingests algae debris deposited on the seabed surface layer, zooplankton carcasses, marine animal feces, microorganisms, sediment and other particles mixed therein, and forms strip feces. The suitable growth temperature is 13-19 ℃.
The sea horse, the haliotis discus and the apostichopus japonicus have the industrial cultivation cases respectively, mainly comprise single-variety cultivation, have lower cultivation benefit and do not fully utilize the water space.
Compared with the traditional cultivation modes such as factory running water and the like, the circulating water cultivation has the characteristics of advanced cultivation facility equipment, high management efficiency, controllable cultivation environment, high cultivation yield and the like, and the cultivation production is not limited by regional space, so that the circulating water cultivation has good social, economic and ecological benefits and is internationally recognized as the main development direction of the modern mariculture industry. However, the circulating water culture operation has higher energy consumption and limited culture benefit of a single variety, and if the culture of a main culture variety and a plurality of auxiliary culture varieties is carried out in the same water space by utilizing the difference of the growth spaces and the nutrition levels of different species, the culture benefit can be increased while the utilization rate of the water space is improved.
Therefore, a new method for cultivating the expanded hippocampus is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for mixed culture of the sea horse, the haliotis discus majoris and the apostichopus japonicus by utilizing the difference of growth spaces and nutrition levels of different species to culture in the same water space, so that the utilization rate of the water space can be improved, the high-energy utilization rate of a circulating water culture system is improved, meanwhile, the mixed culture varieties are ensured not to be mutually damaged in the mixed culture process, the loss of the sea horse, the haliotis discus majoris and the apostichopus majoris is avoided, and the labor cost of a culture pond Chi Dexi can be effectively reduced.
The invention provides a method for mixed culture of sea horse and abalone with apostichopus japonicus circulating water, which comprises the following steps:
temporarily culturing the haliotis discus abalone and apostichopus japonicus in a circulating water culture pond, and then mixedly culturing the haliotis discus abalone and apostichopus japonicus in a sea horse; wherein the stocking density of the Haliotis discus hannai is 20-30 tail/m 3 The sea cucumber culture density is consistent with that of the Haliotis discus, and the sea horse culture density is 600-800 tail/m 3 。
The haliotis discus and apostichopus japonicus are healthy in constitution and normal in ingestion, and the sea horse can ingest ice fresh baits.
Preferably, the weight of the haliotis discus hannai is 40-50 g/tail.
Preferably, the weight of the apostichopus japonicus is 20-30 g/tail.
Preferably, the average body length of the hippocampus distending is 4-5cm.
Preferably, the temporary rearing time is 4-5 days.
Preferably, during the polyculture period, the bait iced fresh copepoda or the furosema is fed to the expanded hippocampus for satiation, the residual bait and the excrement of the expanded hippocampus are fed to the haliotis discus, and the apostichopus japonicus is fed to the residual bait and the excrement of the expanded hippocampus and the haliotis discus and the diatom growing on the pool wall.
Preferably, during the polyculture, the bait feeding amount is 7% -10% of the total weight of the hippocampus, and the bait is fed 2 times daily, and the bait feeding amount is respectively 6 in the morning and 4 in the afternoon.
Preferably, during the polyculture, a lighting period of 12L is adopted: and 12D, starting a lamp for 30min before feeding, and then feeding baits.
Preferably, during the mixed culture period, the water temperature of a circulating water culture system is 16-19 ℃, the water salinity is 22-25 per mill, the pH is 7.5-8.5, the oxygen is continuously increased, the dissolved oxygen is kept at 6-8 mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen is less than or equal to 0.01mg/L, the water depth in a culture pond is 90-100cm, the daily circulating water exchange amount is 30-50%, the pond is rearranged every 2 months, and the culture density is properly sparse.
Preferably, during the polyculture, the bottom of the culture pond is subjected to dirt absorption every 3 days, and large strip-shaped feces formed by apostichopus japonicus are mainly absorbed.
The mixed cultivation method of the invention is a full-period (4-5 months) cultivation process for the main cultivation variety of the sea horse, and belongs to a staged mixed cultivation for the auxiliary cultivation variety of the haliotis discus and the apostichopus japonicus, and the main cultivation variety reaches about 13cm, and can be sold after being taken out of the pond and dried. The variety of the additional culture can be according to 1:1, the proportion of the plant seeds is entered into the next batch of cultivation period of the main cultivation variety, and after two periods of the auxiliary cultivation variety, the plant seeds can be selected to be sold on the market.
Advantageous effects
(1) According to the invention, the circulating water cultivation is carried out in the same water space by utilizing the difference of the growth spaces and the nutrition levels of different species, so that the water space utilization rate can be improved, the high-energy utilization rate of a circulating water cultivation system is improved, meanwhile, the cultivated varieties are ensured not to be mutually damaged in the mixed cultivation process, the loss of the expanded sea horse, the wrinkled plate abalone and the apostichopus japonicus is avoided, and the labor cost of the pollution suction at the bottom of the expanded sea horse cultivation pool can be effectively reduced.
(2) The invention pertinently adjusts the mixed culture order, the culture density, the feeding strategy and the water quality condition, reduces or avoids competition among seeds, realizes the mixed culture of the sea horse, the wrinkled plate and the apostichopus japonicus, improves the culture efficiency of unit water body, and reduces the labor cost of the culture pond Chi Dexi.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific examples. It is to be understood that these examples are illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it is understood that various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teachings of the present invention, and such equivalents are intended to fall within the scope of the claims appended hereto.
Example 1
The Gangxi elm of Jiangsu is bred on a breeding base 2022, 3 ten thousand of sea horses which are self-bred and expanded in 1 month, and the average body length is 4-5cm. 9 round tanks made of glass fiber reinforced plastic material of the circulating water culture system, wherein each tank is
Hippocampus japonicus culture: 3 pools were bred with the expanded hippocampus, 3500 tails/pool; no hippocampus: 3 ponds are used for stocking the abalone with healthy physique and normal ingestion and the apostichopus japonicus, and each pond is used for stocking 120 tails of 40-50 g/tail of the abalone and 120 tails of 20-30 g/tail of the apostichopus japonicus; mixed culture of hippocampus: 3 ponds are used for stocking the haliotis discus hannai and apostichopus japonicus with healthy physique and normal ingestion, each pond is used for stocking 120 tails of 40-50 g/tail haliotis discus hannai and 120 tails of 20-30 g/tail apostichopus japonicus, circulating water is firstly used for temporary stocking for 4-5 days, and then 4-5cm of bellied sea horse 3500 tails are put into the pond for carrying out mixed cultivation of the circulating water.
The water quality conditions and feeding of the culture ponds of the single-culture sea horse group, the no-sea horse group and the mixed-culture sea horse group are managed as follows:
the water temperature is 16-19 ℃, the salinity is 22-25 per mill, the pH is 7.5-8.5, the oxygen is continuously added, and the dissolved oxygen is maintainedAt the concentration of 6-8 mg/L, ammonia nitrogen is less than or equal to 0.01mg/L, the water depth in the culture pond is 90-100cm, the daily circulating water exchange amount is 30% -50%, the pond is switched every 2 months, and the sea horse is 300-400 tail/m according to 7-9cm 3 10-13cm Hippocampus 100-200 tail/m 3 40-60 tails/m above 13cm 3 Is suitable for sparse culture density. The illumination period 12L is adopted: and 12D, starting a lamp for 30min before feeding, and then feeding baits. Feeding is carried out 2 times a day, 6 a.m. and 4 a.m. are fed once, and the feeding amount of the iced fresh copepods and the furosemide is 7% -10% of the total weight of the sea horse respectively (the feeding amount of the sea horse group reference sea horse group without sea horse group). The singly-cultured hippocampus group was fed at 6 a.m. for 2 hours daily and then was sucked at the bottom 1 time. The mixed culture hippocampus group and the no-hippocampus group were fed every 3 days at 6 o' clock for 2 hours and then were sucked 1 time at the bottom. The cultivation time is from 2 months in 2022 to 6 months in 2022, and total 4 half months.
After 4 half months of cultivation, cultivation results of the no-hippocampus, the singly-cultivated hippocampus and the mixotrophic hippocampus are as follows:
as can be seen from Table 1, the survival rate and the growth rate of the sea horse free group by feeding iced fresh copepods and furs, the sea cucumber and the apostichopus japonicus are lower than those of the sea horse free group. The survival rate and the growth rate of the bellied sea horses in the singly-cultured sea horse group and the mixotrophic sea horse group are basically consistent.
Claims (10)
1. A method for mixed culture of sea horse and abalone with apostichopus japonicus circulating water comprises the following steps:
temporarily culturing the haliotis discus abalone and apostichopus japonicus in a circulating water culture pond, and then mixedly culturing the haliotis discus abalone and apostichopus japonicus in a sea horse; wherein the stocking density of the Haliotis discus hannai is 20-30 tail/m 3 The sea cucumber culture density is consistent with that of the Haliotis discus, and the sea horse culture density is 600-800 tail/m 3 。
2. The circulating water mixed culture method according to claim 1, wherein the weight of the haliotis discus makino is 40-50 g/tail.
3. The circulating water mixed culture method according to claim 1, wherein the weight of the apostichopus japonicus is 20-30 g/tail.
4. The circulating water mixed culture method of claim 1, wherein the average body length of the expanded hippocampus is 4-5cm.
5. The circulating water mixed culture method of claim 1, wherein the temporary culture time is 4-5 days.
6. The circulating water mixed culture method according to claim 1, wherein during the polyculture, the bait iced fresh copepods or furosema is fed to the expanded hippocampus for satiation, the panaxacum is fed with the residual bait and feces of the expanded hippocampus, and the apostichopus japonicus is fed with the residual bait and feces of the expanded hippocampus and the panaxacum and diatom grown on the pool wall.
7. The circulating water mixed culture method according to claim 1, wherein during the mixed culture period, the bait feeding amount is 7% -10% of the total weight of the bellied hippocampus, and the bait feeding amount is fed 2 times a day.
8. The circulating water mixed culture method of claim 1, wherein during the mixed culture, an illumination period of 12L is adopted: and 12D, starting a lamp for 30min before feeding, and then feeding baits.
9. The method for mixed culture of circulating water according to claim 1, wherein during the mixed culture, the water temperature of a circulating water culture system is 16-19 ℃, the water salinity is 22-25 per mill, the pH is 7.5-8.5, the oxygen is continuously increased, the dissolved oxygen is kept at 6-8 mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen is less than or equal to 0.01mg/L, the water depth in a culture pond is 90-100cm, the daily circulating water exchange amount is 30-50%, and the pond is switched every 2 months.
10. The circulating water mixed culture method of claim 1, wherein during the mixotrophic culturing, the bottom of the culture pond is subjected to soil pick-up every 3 days.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310117716.9A CN116267711A (en) | 2023-02-15 | 2023-02-15 | Mixed culture method for sea horse and abalone with sea cucumber and apostichopus japonicus circulating water |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310117716.9A CN116267711A (en) | 2023-02-15 | 2023-02-15 | Mixed culture method for sea horse and abalone with sea cucumber and apostichopus japonicus circulating water |
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