CN116217225A - 一种钛酸锶基微波介质陶瓷材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种钛酸锶基微波介质陶瓷材料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- VEALVRVVWBQVSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium titanate Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O VEALVRVVWBQVSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012856 weighed raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- LEDMRZGFZIAGGB-UHFFFAOYSA-L strontium carbonate Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-]C([O-])=O LEDMRZGFZIAGGB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000018 strontium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
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- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical group CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910021193 La 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CCNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种钛酸锶基微波介质陶瓷材料及其制备方法，其化学通式为Sr2‑xLaxTi1‑ xAlxO4，其中0.2≤x≤0.8。其制备流程主要包括：配料称量、一次球磨、预烧、二次球磨、过筛、造粒、过筛、压片、排胶和烧结。本发明通过形成固溶体的方法，改善了Sr2TiO4微波介质陶瓷的温度稳定性。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于微波介质陶瓷材料技术领域，具体涉及一种钛酸锶基微波介质陶瓷及制备方法。
背景技术
目前应用于移动通信、卫星通信等微波通信中的微波介质陶瓷体系存在着价格昂贵、制备条件苛刻、介电损耗较大等问题，且随着现代电子器件和无线通信系统的广泛发展，中国微波介质陶瓷规模及消费需求迅速增长。因此需要开发一系列具有合适的介电常数、低介电损耗、近零的谐振频率温度系数和合适的烧结温度的微波介质陶瓷材料。
其中具有 K2NiF4型结构的微波介质陶瓷因具有超低的介电损耗而受到越来越多的关注。 而在具有此种结构的微波介质陶瓷中，Sr2TiO4陶瓷由于其较好的微波介电性能引起了研究人员的广泛关注，但其高的谐振频率温度系数（~142 ppm/℃）限制了其应用。
发明内容
为解决现有技术中Sr2TiO4微波介质陶瓷温度稳定性差的问题，本发明着眼于通过离子取代形成固溶体的方法，改善其烧结特性和微波介电性能，最终找到一种高Q且温度稳定性好的可应用于通信领域的微波介质陶瓷材料及其制备方法。
本发明的钛酸锶基微波介质陶瓷材料，它的化学表达式为Sr2-xLaxTi1-xAlxO4，其中0.2≤x≤0.8。
较佳的，0.2≤x≤0.8时，优选为0 .4。
较佳的，所述x=0.4时的钛酸锶基微波介质陶瓷的介电性能为ε r =22.5，Q×f=75464 GHz，τ f =-7.3 ppm/℃。
本发明的钛酸锶基微波介质陶瓷材料可以用下述制备方法获得，具体包括以下步骤：
（1）以SrCO3、La2O3、Al2O3和TiO2为原料，将所述原料按照化学表达式比例用行星式球磨机进行一次球磨。
（2）将步骤（1）后得到的浆料进行烘干、研磨、过筛和预烧，并对预烧后的粉末进行二次球磨。
（3）将步骤（2）后得到的浆料进行烘干、过60目筛、造粒、过40目筛、压片、排胶，得到陶瓷生坯。
（4）将步骤（3）中得到的生坯在1550 ℃~1575 ℃进行烧结，得到微波介质陶瓷。
优选地，所述步骤（1）中，所述La2O3需在称量之前进行900 ℃煅烧2小时的预处理。
优选地，所述步骤（1）中，一次球磨介质为无水乙醇，球磨珠材料为ZrO2，球磨罐为尼龙罐，球磨时间为4小时。
优选地，所述步骤（2）中，所述过筛使用的60目的标准筛，所述预烧的温度为1400℃，以每分钟5 ℃的升温速率升至1400 ℃，在1400 ℃预烧4小时，后自然降温至室温。
优选地，所述步骤（2）中，二次球磨介质为无水乙醇，球磨珠材料为ZrO2，球磨罐为尼龙罐，球磨时间为8小时。
优选地，所述步骤（3）中，所述造粒使用浓度为10 wt％的PVA溶液作为粘合剂，所述造粒前后的过筛分别使用的是60目和40目的标准筛，所述压片采用不锈钢制模具干压成型；所述排胶是将陶瓷生坯置于马弗炉中，在550 ℃进行煅烧，保温时间为5小时，旨在排出用于粘结的PVA成分。
优选地，所述步骤（4）中，所述烧结过程为先以每分钟5 ℃的升温速率升温至1100℃，后以每分钟3℃的升温速率升至1550 ℃~1575 ℃，保温4小时；保温结束后，以每分钟2℃的降温速率降至1100 ℃，后自然冷却至室温。
本发明的有益效果为：
本发明通过形成固溶体的方法，改善了Sr2TiO4微波介质陶瓷的温度稳定性，其介电常数 (18.2～27.1)，品质因数为 (59501～102136 GHz)，谐振频率温度系数为-38.2～16.7 ppm/℃，较佳的，所述x=0.4时的钛酸锶基微波介质陶瓷的介电性能为ε r =22.5，Q×f=75464 GHz, τ f =-7.3 ppm/℃。制备工艺简单有效，实验重复性强，可大批生产，可应用于通信领域，以上特点使得本发明具有重要的工业应用价值。
附图说明
图1为本发明对比例1和实施例1-4的 X射线衍射图谱。
图2为本发明对比例1的SEM图。
图3为实施例2的SEM图。
实施方式
以下通过下述实施方式进一步说明本发明，应理解，下述实施方式仅用于说明本发明，而非限制本发明。
实施例1：
Sr1.8La0.2Ti0.8Al0.2O4微波介质陶瓷及其制备方法，制备过程包括以下步骤：
（1）配料称量：按照Sr2-xLaxTi1-xAlxO4（x=0.2）的化学计量比称取经过煅烧处理的SrCO3、La2O3、Al2O3和TiO2粉末。
（2）一次球磨：将称量好的原料转移入尼龙球磨罐中，以无水乙醇作为球磨介质、二氧化锆球作为球磨珠，在240转/分钟的条件下于行星式球磨机中球磨4小时。
（3）预烧：将球磨后的浆料在100 ℃烘干14小时，将烘干后的粉料过60目标准筛，以每分钟5 ℃的升温速率在1400 ℃预烧4小时，后随炉降温。
（4）二次球磨：将预烧后的粉料进行二次球磨，大部分操作同一次球磨，其中球磨时间为8小时。
（5）造粒：将二次球磨后的浆料在100 ℃烘干14小时，将烘干后的粉料过60目标准筛，以10 wt％的PVA溶液作为粘合剂，充分混合均匀后过40目标准筛。
（6）压片：将造粒好的粉料倒入模具中，在4 MPa的压力下制成直径15 mm，高度6mm左右的生坯。
（7）排胶: 将生坯在550 ℃排胶5小时。
（8）烧结：先以每分钟5 ℃的升温速率快速升温至1100 ℃，后以每分钟3 ℃的升温速率升温至1550 ℃烧结4小时，随后以每分钟2 ℃的降温速率降至1100 ℃，其后自然冷却至室温得到微波介质陶瓷样品。
本实施例的介电常数为27.1，介电损耗为102136 GHz，谐振频率温度系数为16.7ppm/℃。
实施例2
本实施例2中Sr1.6La0.4Ti0.6Al0.4O4微波介质陶瓷的制备过程参照实施例1，区别仅在于：于本实施例中，步骤（1）中，x=0.4，即原料的配比按照化学式Sr1.6La0.4Ti0.6Al0.4O4进行称量；步骤（8）中的烧结温度为1575 ℃。
本实施例的介电常数为22.5，介电损耗为75464 GHz，谐振频率温度系数为-7.3ppm/℃。
实施例3
本实施例3中Sr1.4La0.6Ti0.4Al0.6O4微波介质陶瓷的制备过程参照实施例1，区别仅在于：于本实施例中，步骤（1）中，x=0.6，即原料的配比按照化学式Sr1.4La0.6Ti0.4Al0.6O4进行称量。
本实施例的介电常数为20.3，介电损耗为68282 GHz，谐振频率温度系数为-26.2ppm/℃。
实施例4
本实施例4中Sr1.2La0.8Ti0.2Al0.8O4微波介质陶瓷的制备过程参照实施例1，区别仅在于：于本实施例中，步骤（1）中，x=0.8，即原料的配比按照化学式Sr1.2La0.8Ti0.2Al0.8O4进行称量。
本实施例的介电常数为18.2，介电损耗为59501 GHz，谐振频率温度系数为-38.2ppm/℃。
对比例1
（1）配料称量：按照Sr2TiO4的化学计量比称取SrCO3和TiO2粉末。
（2）一次球磨：将称量好的原料转移入尼龙球磨罐中，以无水乙醇作为球磨介质、二氧化锆球作为球磨珠，在240转/分钟的条件下于行星式球磨机中球磨4小时。
（3）预烧：将球磨后的浆料在100 ℃烘干14小时，将烘干后的粉料过60目标准筛，以每分钟5 ℃的升温速率在1200℃预烧4小时，后随炉降温。
（4）二次球磨：将预烧后的粉料进行二次球磨，球磨时间为8小时。
（5）造粒：将烘干后的粉料先过60目标准筛，以10 wt％的PVA溶液作为粘合剂，充分混合均匀后过40目标准筛。
（6）压片：将造粒好的粉料倒入模具中，在4 MPa的压力下制成直径7 mm，高度3 mm左右的生坯。
（7）排胶: 将生坯在550 ℃排胶5小时。
（8）烧结：以每分钟3 ℃的升温速率升温至1500 ℃烧结4小时，随后以每分钟2 ℃的降温速率降至1100 ℃，其后自然冷却至室温得到微波介质陶瓷样品。
本对比例的介电常数为37.9，介电损耗为70839 GHz，谐振频率温度系数为142.1ppm/℃。
图1示出对比例1制得的Sr2TiO4和实施例1-4制得的Sr2-xLaxTi1-xAlxO4（0.2≤x≤0.8）微波介质陶瓷材料的X射线衍射图谱，由图1可知，所制得的Sr2-xLaxTi1-xAlxO4（0.2≤x≤0.8）微波介质陶瓷材料呈现单一的四方K2NiF4结构。
图2和图3分别是对比例1和实施例2的SEM图，其中实施例2为优选地x=0.4时的微波介质陶瓷。对比图2和图3可知，x=0.4时的陶瓷材料的气孔较少，致密度更高，晶粒大小平均，形状规整，此组分的微波介电陶瓷的介电损耗更低，品质因数更高。
以上所述，仅为本发明部分具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本领域的人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (7)
1.一种钛酸锶基微波介质陶瓷，其特征在于，所述微波介质陶瓷的化学组成为Sr2- xLaxTi1-xAlxO4，其中0.2≤x≤0.8。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种钛酸锶基微波介质陶瓷，其特征在于，优选为x=0.4，所述陶瓷的相对介电常数ε r =22.5，品质因数Q×f=75464 GHz, τ f =-7.3 ppm/℃。
3.一种如权利要求1-2中任一项所述的钛酸锶基微波介质陶瓷的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
（1）按照Sr2-xLaxTi1-xAlxO4（0.2≤x≤0.8）的化学计量比称取SrCO3、La2O3、Al2O3、TiO2,将称量得到的原料混合后依次进行一次球磨、烘干、过筛和预烧，将预烧后得到的粉料进行二次球磨并烘干，得到粉料；
（2）将步骤（1）中得到的所述粉料进行造粒、过筛、压片、排胶，得到陶瓷生坯；
（3）将步骤（2）中得到的生坯在1550 ℃~1575 ℃进行烧结，得到微波介质陶瓷。
4.如权利要求3所述的钛酸锶基微波介质陶瓷的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤（1）中，对所述La2O3在所述称量之前进行900 ℃煅烧2小时的预处理。
5.如权利要求3所述的钛酸锶基微波介质陶瓷的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤（1）中，所述预烧工艺包括以下步骤：以每分钟5 ℃的升温速率升至1400 ℃，在1400 ℃预烧4小时，后自然降温至室温。
6.如权利要求3所述的钛酸锶基微波介质陶瓷的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤（2）中，所述造粒的具体工艺包括：使用浓度为10 wt％的PVA溶液作为粘合剂，所述造粒前后的过筛分别使用的是60目和40目的标准筛，所述压片是干压成型；所述排胶是将陶瓷生坯在550 ℃煅烧5小时。
7.权利要求3所述的钛酸锶基微波介质陶瓷的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤（3）中，所述烧结工艺包括如下步骤：先以每分钟5 ℃的升温速率升温至1100 ℃，后以每分钟3 ℃的升温速率升至1450 ℃~1600 ℃，保温4小时；保温结束后，以每分钟2 ℃的降温速率降至1100 ℃，后自然冷却至室温。
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