CN116212017A - 降低adam19含量或活性的物质在预防和治疗衰老以及骨关节炎中的应用 - Google Patents
降低adam19含量或活性的物质在预防和治疗衰老以及骨关节炎中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了降低ADAM19含量或活性物质在预防和治疗衰老以及骨关节炎中的应用。本发明发现敲降ADAM19基因可以延缓衰老并降低衰老相关促炎症因子,且敲降ADAM19基因可延缓骨关节炎的发展。因此,本发明为开发延缓衰老或骨关节炎的预防和治疗药物提供了新的思路,另外本发明的发现尤其适用于老年人的骨关节炎预防或治疗领域。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生物医药领域,具体的说是降低ADAM19含量或活性的物质在预防和治疗衰老以及骨性关节炎中的应用。
背景技术
细胞衰老是驱动机体衰老的基本机制之一。细胞衰老是指细胞在执行生命活动过程中,随着慢性应激的累积,细胞增殖与分化能力和生理功能逐渐发生衰退的变化过程。衰老细胞会分泌大量炎症及癌基因相关因子,被称为衰老相关的分泌表型(senescence-associated secretory phenotype,SASP),SASP包括促炎细胞因子(如IL-1α、IL-1β、IL-6和IL-8),生长因子(如HGF、TGF-β和GM-CSF),趋化因子(如CXCL-1/3和CXCL-10)和基质重塑酶(如金属蛋白酶)等,SASP的产生会恶化组织微环境。衰老组织或器官中积累一定的衰老细胞(Senescent Cells,SNCs),积累的衰老细胞失去细胞原有正常的生理功能,进而影响器官组织功能,可能导致或加剧衰老相关疾病。利用药物或者基因治疗手段延缓细胞衰老、清除衰老细胞或其分泌的SASP,可以延缓机体衰老或衰老相关的退行性改变。
现有清除衰老细胞的药物主要通过诱导细胞凋亡。其中BCL2抑制剂具有一定细胞毒性,同时具有引起中性粒细胞减少症和血小板减少症的副作用。针对p53-MDM2结合药物由于不是特异识别衰老细胞,会作用于正常细胞引起副作用。此外,清除衰老干细胞会导致干细胞数量不足,组织再生能力受限。因此,有必要探索和开发更为安全可靠的延缓细胞衰老的药物或疗法。
骨关节炎(osteoarthritis,OA)是一种衰老相关的退行性关节疾病,其严重影响病人的晚年生活。骨关节炎表现为关节软骨逐渐丧失、骨骼生长扭曲、关节炎症和关节疼痛等;治疗方式有通过NSAIDS(非甾体抗炎药)、注射皮质类固醇进行对症治疗,晚期使用机械人工关节置换受影响的关节等。目前,仍缺少早期可改善或逆转骨关节炎的疗法。
发明内容
为了开发更为安全可靠的延缓衰老的药物或疗法,本发明的目的在于提供一种衰老相关的靶标以及针对该靶标的预防或治疗方法,此外,本发明的靶标与骨关节炎相关,也可同时作为骨关节炎预防或治疗的靶点。
根据上述技术问题和目的,本发明提供了如下任一应用:
1.降低ADAM19含量或活性的物质在制备预防和\或治疗衰老产品中的应用。
2.抑制ADAM19基因表达或敲除ADAM19基因的物质在制备预防和\或治疗衰老产品中的应用。
3.降低ADAM19含量或活性的物质在制备预防和\或治疗骨关节炎产品中的应用。
4.抑制ADAM19基因表达或敲除ADAM19基因的物质在制备预防和\或治疗骨关节炎产品中的应用。
上述应用中,所述物质包括靶向ADAM19基因的CRISPR/Cas9敲除系统、siRNA、ADAM19抑制剂,这些物质可以单独使用也可以两个或多个进行组合使用,其中CRISPR/Cas9敲除系统通过敲除ADAM19降低ADAM19基因的含量;siRNA通过干扰基因表达抑制ADAM19基因表达;ADAM19抑制剂可以抑制ADAM19基因表达,降低ADAM19基因的mRNA含量、降低ADAM19蛋白含量或者抑制ADAM19蛋白活性,例如专利US10472393B2所述的含环肽结构的化合物。所述产品可以是药品、保健品、研究用试剂等。
上述应用中,所述物质能降低衰老相关的促炎症因子水平,所述促炎症因子包括IL1A、IL6。
优选地,所述物质能用于同时预防和\或治疗衰老和骨关节炎产品的制备。
进一步地,所述衰老包括动物细胞、组织、器官或个体的衰老。在本发明实施例中,衰老细胞为人间充质干细胞、小鼠软骨细胞。
具体地,所述骨关节炎包括半月板损伤导致的骨关节炎。
本发明的优势在于:
(1)本发明提供了预防和/或治疗衰老和骨关节炎的新靶标。
(2)本发明公开的针对的靶点ADAM19并非经典的细胞凋亡信号通路,对于正常细胞的毒副作用较小。
(3)本发明公开的ADAM19既是衰老靶标也是骨关节炎靶标,尤其适用于开发预防和/或治疗老年患者的骨关节炎产品。
附图说明
图1为本发明的实施例6中敲低ADAM19基因延缓人间充质干细胞的复制性衰老表型情况。sgNTC表示转染sgNTC病毒液的人间充质干细胞,为对照组;sgADAM19表示转染sgADAM19-human病毒液的人间充质干细胞,为敲低ADAM19基因的实验组。*表示存在显著性差异,p<0.05;**表示存在极显著性差异,p<0.01。
图2为本发明实施例7中敲低ADAM19基因延缓柔多比星诱导的人间充质干细胞的衰老表型情况。ctrl为对照组;anti-ADAM19为siRNA敲降ADAM19的实验组。*表示存在显著性差异,p<0.05;**表示存在极显著性差异,p<0.01;***表示存在极显著性差异,p<0.001。
图3为本发明实施例8中敲低ADAM19基因延缓柔多比星诱导的小鼠软骨细胞的衰老表型情况。ctrl为对照组;anti-ADAM19为siRNA敲降ADAM19的实验组。*表示存在显著性差异,p<0.05;**表示存在极显著性差异,p<0.01。
图4为本发明的实施例9中敲低ADAM19基因对半月板损伤诱导的OA小鼠的治疗作用。Ctrl为对照组;anti-ADAM19为siRNA敲降ADAM19的实验组。*表示存在显著性差异,p<0.05;**表示存在极显著性差异,p<0.01。
详细说明
ADAM19:ADAM19是ADAM家族成员,亦称MLTNB、FKSG34、MADDAM、meltrinβ、解聚素-金属蛋白酶19,该基因的编号为NCBI Entrez Gene:8728。本发明中Adam19、adam19和ADAM19可互换使用,均指ADAM19基因。
基因敲除:基因敲除技术应用DNA同源重组原理,利用一段人工修饰的同源片段代替靶基因片段,使外源基因引入基因组DNA的特定片段上,随基因组DNA的复制而稳定复制,从而达到基因敲除的目的。除本发明实施例1给出的通过lentiCRISPRv2敲除ADAM19基因,也可以通过ZFNs基因敲除技术、TALEs基因敲除技术等(基因敲除技术研究,高宇等,农业技术与装备,2017,08)等敲除ADAM19基因。
siRNA(small intefering RNA,小干扰RNA):siRNA是一种长度为21~23bp的小片段双链RNA(double stranded RNA,dsRNA),主要引起RNAi(RNA干扰)现象。siRNA通过基因干扰技术进行有针对性的基因沉默,可控制目标基因的表达。本发明中siRNA针对ADAM19设计,其解链成单链RNA后能与ADAM19表达的mRNA匹配,从而抑制ADAM19的表达。应当说明的是,本发明实施例给出了一种针对人ADAM19基因的siRNA和一种针对针对小鼠ADAM19基因的siRNA,但针对ADAM19的siRNA种类不应局限于此,能与ADAM19的mRNA匹配,从而干扰ADAM19基因表达的siRNA都在本发明的范围内。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图与实施例对本发明作进一步的说明。
下述实施例中的实验方法,如无特殊说明,均为常规方法,可通过现有技术加以实现。实施例中用到的实验仪器和物料等,如无特殊说明,均可从商业途径获得。
实施例1通过lentiCRISPRv2敲除ADAM19基因
(1)针对ADAM19的sgRNA序列如下:
sg ADAM19-huamn-F1:5′-CACCGTATGTGGAGCTTTACCTCG-3′;
sg ADAM19-human-R1:5′-AAACCGAGGTAAAGCTCCACATAC-3′;
sg ADAM19-huamn-F2:5′-CACCGTCGAACCCACAGTTTCCCGG-3′;
sg ADAM19-human-R2:5′-AAACCCGGGAAACTGTGGGTTCGAC-3′。
(2)在公司(sigma)合成上述靶向ADAM19基因的寡核苷酸序列,sg ADAM19-huamn-F1与sg ADAM19-human-R1退火得到sg ADAM19-human-1,用T4连接酶(NEB)连接到用FastDigest_Esp3I(NEB)酶切lenti-CRISPRv2(Addgene产品,#52961)得到的载体骨架上,将得到的序列正确的重组载体记为重组载体sg ADAM19-human-1。lenti-CRISPRv2载体骨架中含有Cas9内切酶编码基因并能表达Cas9内切酶,还含有用于引导Cas9到基因组特定位点的外源DNA片段插入位点以及gRNA骨架的编码DNA。重组载体sg ADAM19-human-1能编码导向ADAM19基因的sgRNA。
(3)按照上述方法,sg ADAM19-huamn-F2与sg ADAM19-human-R2退火得到sgADAM19-human-2,用T4连接酶(NEB)连接到用FastDigest_Esp3I(NEB)酶切过后的lenti-CRISPRv2(Addgene产品,#52961)载体骨架上,将得到的序列正确的重组载体记为重组载体sg ADAM19-human-2。重组载体sg ADAM19-human-2能编码导向ADAM19基因的sgRNA。
(4)按照上述方法,sgNTC-F1与sgNTC-R1退火得到sgNTC,用T4连接酶(NEB)连接到用FastDigest_Esp3I(NEB)酶切lenti-CRISPRv2(Addgene产品,#52961)得到的载体骨架上,得到的序列正确的重组载体即为对照载体。
sgNTC-F1:5′-CACCGACGGAGGCTAAGCGTCGCAA-3′;
sgNTC-R1:5′-AAACTTGCGACGCTTAGCCTCCGTC-3′。
(5)采用Lipo3000转染试剂盒(ThermoFisher),将慢病毒质粒sg ADAM19-human、慢病毒包装载体psPAX2和pMD2G共转染293T细胞(配比为:1个10cm dish 293T细胞:9μg慢病毒质粒sg ADAM19-human、6μg psPAX2和3μg pMD2G),培养8小时。
更换为新鲜的293T细胞培养基,继续培养48-54小时。
收集上清,采用0.22μm滤膜过滤,收集滤液。
4℃、19400rpm离心2小时,弃上清,用培养基重悬,即为含有sg ADAM19-human重组慢病毒的病毒液,简称sg ADAM19-human病毒液。
(6)将慢病毒质粒sg ADAM19-human替换为对照载体,其他步骤均不变,得到对照病毒液,记为sgNTC病毒液。
(7)sg ADAM19-human慢病毒感染间充质前体细胞:以第7代的hESC-MSCs间充质前体细胞为供试细胞,分别感染sgNTC和两种sg ADAM19-human病毒。具体方法为:2μL sgADAM19-human慢病毒(或sgNTC病毒)和2μL Polybrene加到接种有第4代的hESC-MSCs间充质前体细胞的培养孔(6孔板的一个孔)中。次日换液,之后正常培养,传代。
(8)感染sgNTC或sg ADAM19-human慢病毒后,将所得细胞连续传代至3-4代。收集细胞,进行ADAM19蛋白敲低效率检测,并进行细胞衰老标志物SA-β-gal染色,细胞增殖分子标志物(Ki67)以及衰老相关基因IL1A细胞表面蛋白水平。
实施例2SiRNA敲降人间充质干细胞中ADAM19
(1)siRNA序列委托吉玛基因公司合成,针对人的ADAM19的siRNA序列如下:
Anti ADAM19-si01-human(双链):正义链为5′-GCUCCUUCCUACACAGAAATT-3′,反义链为5′-UUUCUGUGUAGGAAGGAGCTT-3′;
Anti ADAM19-si02-human(双链):正义链为5′-GCAAGGGCCAACACCUUAUTT-3′,反义链为5′-AUAAGGUGUUGGCCCUUGCTT-3′。
非靶向的对照siRNA序列如下;
Non-targeting-human control(双链):正义链为5′-UUCUCCGAACGUGUCACGUTT-3′;反义链为5′-ACGUGACACGUUCGGAGAATT-3′。
(2)消化细胞:首先将生长状态良好的细胞用胰酶进行消化,离心;
(3)细胞计数:去掉上清,加入lmL新鲜培养基重悬,吸取20μL加到细胞计数板中,于细胞计数仪count star中进行细胞计数;
(4)重新铺板:按5×104/孔的密度将细胞均匀种在12孔板上,过夜培养;
(5)多柔比星诱衰:弃去老培养基加入含有多柔比星的培养基,培养24h;
(6)换液:24h后更换为不含ps的新鲜培养基;
(7)转染:首先将100μL opti-MEM(减血清培养基,Gibico,#31985070)与2.5μL50nM siRNA;100μL opti-MEM和lipo2000(ThermoFisher),混合后常温分别孵育5min;混匀将二者1:1混匀,随后常温静置20min;分别吸取200μL试剂加入到对应的孔板中进行转染,8-12小时;更换新鲜完全培养基。
(8)收样:再转然后24-48小时之内收RNA;qPCR:检测各基因表达水平。
(9)衰老细胞SA-β-gal(senescence-associatedβ-galactosidase)检测。
实施例3siRNA敲降小鼠软骨细胞中ADAM19
(1)siRNA序列委托广州锐博生物技术有限公司合成,并进行胆固醇和甲基化修饰。
针对小鼠Adam19的siRNA序列如下:
antiAdam19-si01-mouse:5’-GGGCTGGTGATGACTGGAA-3‘
antiAdam19-si02-mouse:5’-GGAACACCTCCTTCTTTGA-3’
非靶向的对照siRNA序列如下;
Non-targeting-mouse control:5′-TTCTCCGAACGTGTCACGT-3′(货号:siN0000001-1-5)
(2)siRNA转染方法同实施例2。
实施例4细胞衰老SA-β-gal检测
步骤1:以1×105/孔的密度将间充质前体细胞接种到明胶(sigma)包被的6孔板的一个孔中,第2天进行染色。
步骤2:步骤1完成后用固定液【2%(体积百分比,v/v)+0.2%甲醛(体积百分比,v/v)戊二醛+97.8%PBS(体积百分比,v/v)】固定细胞3~5分钟,用PBS洗2遍。
步骤3:步骤2完成后每孔加入2mL染色液(40mM柠檬酸/磷酸钠缓冲液、5mM K4[Fe(CN)6]、5mM K3[Fe(CN)6]、150mM NaCl、2mM MgCl2、1mg/mL X-gal),在37℃细菌培养箱避光孵育过夜。
步骤4:步骤3完成后用PBS洗2遍后,倒置显微镜下观察,拍照。
实施例5小鼠骨性关节炎造模及给药
(2)小鼠骨性关节炎DMM造模
手术操作过程如下:腹腔注射0.8%戊巴比妥钠麻醉小鼠(C57BL/6,雄性,2月龄,10pil/g体重),剃毛,用脱毛膏去掉短毛,擦碘伏;用蹑子和剪刀在小鼠膝关节处纵向剪开皮肤,在体视镜下用手术刀沿韧带内侧切开韧带和肌肉,侧翻开骨宾韧带,暴露膝关节;用显微剪剪掉内侧半月板,避免划伤关节软骨;分层依次缝合关节腔、肌肉和皮肤;将小鼠置于加热毯上待其苏醒。
(3)给药
小鼠手术2周后,分别对左腿直接注射Non-targeting-mouse control(5′-TTCTCCGAACGTGTCACGT-3′),右腿注射antiAdam19-si01-mouse(5’-GGGCTGGTGATGACTGGAA-3‘),每周重复注射一次。分别在注射8w和12w时处死小鼠,收集关节样本,并进行后续处理。
(4)样本处理及检测
关节取样:将小鼠整个关节剪下,用眼科剪去除肌肉组织,尽量剔除干净;
固定:将关节浸泡于4%多聚甲醛中避光放置超过24小时,流水冲洗过夜,将固定液完全冲洗干净;
脱钙:将关节放于脱钙液中脱钙3周,期间换脱钙液2-3次,此时股骨胫骨变软,可用剪刀剪切判断脱钙程度。流水冲洗过夜,将脱钙液完全冲洗干净;
制作石蜡切片并进行后续SO染色以及adam19,Col2a,Mmp13,p53等免疫组化染色。
通过OARSI评分,阳性细胞定量等评估小鼠OA进展。
实施例6敲低ADAM19基因延缓人间充质干细胞的复制性衰老表型
同实施例1,以第7代人间充质干细胞作为供试细胞,通过lentiCRISPRv2系统我们构建了ADAM19敲低的人间充质干细胞。感染病毒后,经过3-4次传代,收集细胞进行细胞衰老标志物SA-β-gal染色,并检测细胞增殖分子标志物(Ki67),衰老相关促炎症因子IL1a的水平等。
结果发现:敲低ADAM19可显著抑制经典衰老细胞标记,SA-β-gal阳性细胞染色(图1A)。经过3-4次传代后,感染sg ADAM19-human病毒的细胞保持增殖,Ki67阳性细胞数为sgNTC慢病毒感染细胞的2倍(图1B)。进一步检测衰老细胞SASP相关基因水平,与sgNTC感染细胞相比,sg ADAM19-human慢病毒感染细胞的经典促炎症SASP上游基因IL1a(同IL1A)在细胞表面的定位显著下调(图1C)。这说明ADAM19调控了人间充质干细胞的复制性衰老和促炎症SASP分泌,可作为潜在治疗靶点。
实施例7敲低ADAM19基因延缓多柔比星诱导的人间充质干细胞的衰老表型
同实施例2,我们设计了针对人ADAM19的siRNA序列。以第7代人间充质干细胞作为供试细胞,通过多柔比星诱导细胞衰老,随后进行siRNA转染2次。收集细胞进行ADAM19敲降效率检测,细胞衰老标志物SA-β-gal染色,衰老相关基因(CDKN1A,IL6,MMP13,ACAN)的水平等。
实验结果表明:Anti-ADAM19(即实施例2所述的针对人的ADAM19的siRNA)可以有效抑制人ADAM19基因表达(图2A)。相比非靶向siRNA(即实施例2所述的Non-targeting-human control),转染Anti-ADAM19可显著抑制经典衰老细胞标记:SA-β-gal阳性细胞染色(图2B)。转染Anti-ADAM19的细胞与转染ctrl的细胞相比,CDKN1A,IL6,MMP13的表达量均显著下降,ACAN的表达量显著增加(图2C)。这说明ADAM19调控了人软骨细胞的衰老和细胞外基质分泌,可作为抑制软骨基质降解提高基质合成的潜在治疗靶点。
实施例8敲低ADAM19基因延缓多柔比星诱导的小鼠软骨细胞的衰老表型
同实施例3,我们设计了针对小鼠Adam19的siRNA序列。以第3代小鼠软骨细胞为供试细胞,通过多柔比星诱导软骨细胞衰老。进行siRNA转染7天后进行细胞数量计数,SA-β-gal染色,衰老相关基因(Trp53、Cdkn1a、Adam19)mRNA水平的检测等。
我们发现:转染anti-Adam19(即实施例3所述针对小鼠Adam19的siRNA)可以显著抑制衰老软骨细胞中Adam19的表达(图3A)。相比转染非靶向siRNA的衰老软骨细胞(即实施例3所述Non-targeting-mouse control),转染anti-Adam19的siRNA细胞的细胞增殖更强(图3B),SA-β-gal阳性细胞显著减少(图3C),细胞中Trp53、Cdkn1a的表达量均显著下降(图3D)。在高密度培养的软骨细胞上,多柔比星处理软骨细胞后的第2天和4天用siRNA进行两次转染,14天后进行阿利新蓝染色。相比转染非靶向siRNA的衰老软骨细胞,转染anti-Adam19的siRNA细胞阿利新蓝着色更深,深度与未诱导衰老的软骨细胞类似,说明抑制Adam19的衰老软骨细胞分泌了更多的蛋白多糖基质(图3E)。说明RNAi可以作为抑制Adam19的手段,并证明anti-Adam19的siRNA具有抑制衰老细胞促软骨特异细胞外基质分泌的功能。
实施例9敲低ADAM19基因对于半月板损伤诱导的OA小鼠的治疗作用
按实施例5进行小鼠骨性关节炎(OA)造模及给药,结果发现:在小鼠DMM构建的OA模型中,siRNA可以有效递送到关节腔内,并且显著抑制软骨细胞中Adam19水平(图4A)。DMM造模2个月后,非靶向siRNA组(即实施例5所述Non-targeting-mouse control),小鼠关节炎发展迅速,膝关节软骨下骨发生重构硬化,软骨层磨损破坏严重。而靶向Adam19组小鼠关节软骨缺损面积小,细胞外基质染色显著增强,细胞基质降解减弱(图4B)。同时,软骨细胞衰老标记物p53阳性细胞比率降低,细胞外基质降解酶Mmp13表达减弱,而软骨细胞外基质胶原二含量升高(图4C)。说明siRNA可以作为体内靶向抑制Adam19的有效手段,且降低Adam19水平可以延缓OA进展。
以上实施例给出的实施例仅为了清晰地阐述本发明,不能限制本发明的保护范围。凡是按本发明提出的技术思想在本发明技术方案的基础上所做的改动,均在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.降低ADAM19含量或活性的物质在制备预防和\或治疗衰老产品中的应用。
2.抑制ADAM19基因表达或敲除ADAM19基因的物质在制备预防和\或治疗衰老产品中的应用。
3.降低ADAM19含量或活性的物质在制备预防和\或治疗骨关节炎产品中的应用。
4.抑制ADAM19基因表达或敲除ADAM19基因的物质在制备预防和\或治疗骨关节炎产品中的应用。
5.根据权利要求1-4之一所述的应用,其特征在于,所述物质包括靶向ADAM19基因的CRISPR/Cas9敲除系统、siRNA、ADAM19抑制剂或者其中两种至多种的组合。
6.根据权利要求1-4之一所述的应用,其特征在于,所述物质能降低促炎症因子水平。
7.根据权利要求6所述的应用,其特征在于,所述促炎症因子包括IL1A和IL6。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的应用,其特征在于,所述产品能同时用于预防和\或治疗骨关节炎。
9.根据权利要求1或2所述的应用,其特征在于,所述衰老包括动物细胞、组织、器官或个体的衰老。
10.根据权利要求3或4或8所述的应用,其特征在于,所述骨关节炎包括半月板损伤导致的骨关节炎。
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