CN116173187A - 降钙素在制备防治支架内再狭窄药物中的应用、药物涂层支架及制备方法 - Google Patents
降钙素在制备防治支架内再狭窄药物中的应用、药物涂层支架及制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN116173187A CN116173187A CN202310242181.8A CN202310242181A CN116173187A CN 116173187 A CN116173187 A CN 116173187A CN 202310242181 A CN202310242181 A CN 202310242181A CN 116173187 A CN116173187 A CN 116173187A
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Abstract
本发明涉及降钙素在制备防治支架内再狭窄药物中的应用、药物涂层支架及制备方法属于医药技术领域。本发明提供了降钙素防治支架内再狭窄的新用途,提供了降钙素在制备防治支架内再狭窄药物中的应用及含有降钙素的药物涂层支架。本发明通过实验证明降钙素能够抑制球囊损伤后新内膜增生以及病理情况下血管平滑肌细胞的表型转换,从而抑制血管平滑肌细胞的增殖和迁移。因此,在支架术后给予降钙素治疗可以有效抑制血管异常增生,降低支架术后再狭窄的发生。本发明拓展了降钙素的应用范围,也为防治PCI术后支架内再狭窄提供了新途径。将降钙素用于药物涂层支架能够显著降低药物涂层支架的成本,使其更适于临床推广应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医药技术领域,尤其涉及降钙素在制备防治支架内再狭窄药物中的应用、药物涂层支架及制备方法。
背景技术
经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(Percutaneouscoronaryintervention,PCI)通过心导管技术使狭窄或闭塞的冠状动脉血管疏通,改善冠心病患者的缺血缺氧状态,恢复心肌血流灌注,从而使患者的症状得以改善。但PCI是一种有创性检查及治疗手段,机械性扩张和金属支架置入会引起潜在损伤,血管局部对损伤产生炎症和过度愈合反应,导致血管负性重塑、血管平滑肌细胞增殖和迁移以及新生内膜过渡增生,引起PCI术后支架内再狭窄的发生。
药物涂层支架是将药物直接或与聚合物基质混合后涂布与支架表面,使支架成为一个局部药物释放系统,通过药物作用抑制血管内皮的增生,减少支架内再狭窄或动脉粥样硬化斑块的发生。现有技术中常用的涂层药物包括紫杉醇、雷帕霉素等,但此类药物涂层支架价格昂贵,增加了医疗成本。目前亟需更低成本的涂层药物来降低药物涂层支架的价格,推进药物涂层支架的临床应用。
降钙素(Calcitonin,CT)是由甲状腺素滤泡旁细胞合成和分泌的一种多肽激素,其作用主要是通过对骨骼、肾脏和胃肠道的调节降低血钙浓度。目前临床中使用的CT是鲑鱼降钙素和鳗鱼降钙素,主要用于治疗Paget病、高钙血症、骨质疏松和痛性骨病等。目前对降钙素在防治支架内再狭窄的作用还未见报道。
发明内容
本发明提供的是降钙素在制备防治支架内再狭窄药物中的应用、药物涂层支架及制备方法。
本发明的技术方案:
本发明提供了降钙素在制备防治支架内再狭窄药物中的应用。
进一步的,所述支架内再狭窄包括因球囊损伤后新内膜增生引起的支架内再狭窄和因血管平滑肌细胞迁移引起的支架内再狭窄。
本发明提供了一种药物涂层支架,包括支架基体和覆盖于支架基体表面的药物涂层,所述药物涂层中的有效成分包括降钙素。
进一步的,所述药物涂层中的降钙素在所述支架基体上的载药量为20~400μg/mm2。
进一步的,所述药物涂层中还含有药物载体,所述药物载体与降钙素的质量比为1:3或4:6。
进一步的,所述药物载体为水凝胶,所述水凝胶由质量比为1~5:4的海藻酸盐和明胶组成。
进一步的,所述支架基体为不锈钢支架、钴铬合金支架或镍钛合金支架。
一种本发明提供的药物涂层支架的制备方法,将药物载体配置成浓度为100~150mg/mL的水凝胶,再将降钙素均匀分散于所述水凝胶中配制得到载药水凝胶,将所述载药水凝胶均匀地涂覆于支架基体表面,真空干燥固化后得到含有降钙素的药物涂层支架。
本发明的有益效果:
本发明通过实验证明降钙素能够抑制球囊损伤后新内膜增生以及病理情况下血管平滑肌细胞的表型转换,从而抑制血管平滑肌细胞的增殖和迁移。因此,在支架术后给予降钙素治疗可以有效抑制血管异常增生,降低支架术后再狭窄的发生。本发明拓展了降钙素的应用范围,也为防治PCI术后支架内再狭窄提供了新途径。
将降钙素用于药物涂层支架能够显著降低药物涂层支架的成本,使其更适于临床推广应用。本发明提供的含有降钙素的药物涂层支架通过缓慢释放药物于血管病变部位,显著延长了降钙素在血管内的滞留时间,维持血管病变部位长时间稳定的血药浓度,提高了降钙素的生物利用度,增强防治支架内再狭窄的效果。
附图说明
图1为实施例1中三组实验大鼠的颈动脉超声图;
图2为实施例1中三组实验大鼠的颈动脉直径变化对比图;
图3为实施例1中三组实验大鼠的颈动脉H&E染色代表图;
图4为实施例1中三组实验大鼠的颈动脉新生内膜变化对比图;
图5为实施例1中三组实验大鼠的颈动脉新生内膜与中膜比值的对比图;
图6为实施例1中三组实验大鼠的颈动脉免疫荧光Ki67染色对比图;
图7为实施例1中三组实验大鼠的颈动脉免疫荧光MMP9染色对比图;
图8为实施例2中三组细胞的迁移对比图;
图9为实施例2中三组细胞的迁移面积变化对比图;
图10为实施例2中三组细胞的增殖EdU免疫荧光染色对比图;
图11为实施例2中三组细胞的增殖EdU对比图;
图12为实施例2中三组细胞的westernblot检测CyclinD1、MMP9、SM22α、PCNA、MMP2和α-SMA蛋白的条带及相对表达水平对比图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明的技术方案做进一步的说明,但并不局限于此,凡是对本发明技术方案进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围,均应涵盖在本发明的保护范围中。下列实施例中未具体注明的工艺设备或装置均采用本领域内的常规设备或装置,若未特别指明,本发明实施例中所用的原料等均可市售获得;若未具体指明,本发明实施例中所用的技术手段均为本领域技术人员所熟知的常规手段。
实施例1
本实施例建立了大鼠颈动脉球囊损伤模型,利用超声影像学和病理组织学考察了降钙素(CT)对大鼠颈动脉术后血管再狭窄的改善效果。
本实施例的具体试验方法为:
正常的室温和湿度条件下,通过自由饮食喂养大鼠7天。用三溴乙醇(20mg/kg,美国MCE)麻醉大鼠。然后将大鼠随机分为对照组sham、球囊损伤组Model和球囊损伤+降钙素组CT,球囊损伤+降钙素组皮下注射给予降钙素CT 20IU/kg体重·天,连续皮下注射14天。本发明使用的降钙素由Future Health Pharma GmbH公司生产。
(一)分别于球囊损伤前、治疗14天后采用超声仪(Philips L15-7io 15-7MHz)监测各组大鼠的颈动脉内膜直径,监测结果如图1和图2所示。
由图1和图2可以看出,球囊损伤导致了大鼠颈动脉直径缩小,而降钙素CT能够逆转球囊损伤的作用。图2数据显示为平均值±SEM(n=5),***P<0.001vs Sham组,#P<0.05vsModel组。
(二)在降钙素治疗14天后用H&E法对大鼠颈动脉血管进行病理组织学进行分析。
图3-图5为本实施例中三组实验大鼠颈动脉病理学结果,放大倍数为×100。由图中可以看出颈动脉球囊损伤导致了颈动脉新生内膜明显增生,降钙素能够减少球囊损伤引起的新内膜增生。图4、图5数据显示为平均值±SEM(n=5),****P<0.0001vs Sham组,####P<0.0001vs Model组。
(三)对大鼠颈动脉血管冰冻切片进行免疫荧光染色,组织用4%多聚甲醛固定6-8小时,转至20%蔗糖溶液至组织沉底。冰冻切片8-10μm,室温放置30分钟以上防脱片,-20℃保存。从冰箱拿出的冰冻切片在室温放置30分钟以上再进行免疫荧光染色。PBS洗3次,每次5分钟。用2%BSA室温封闭1小时。一抗4℃孵育过夜。PBS洗3次,每次5分钟。二抗室温或37℃,避光孵育1小时。PBS洗3次,每次5分钟。DAPI染色10分钟。PBS洗3次,每次5分钟。滴加防淬灭剂,封片。
免疫荧光染色结果如图6、图7所示:荧光染色对比结果证明,降钙素在动物体内能够抑制血管损伤后血管平滑肌细胞的增殖与迁移。
实施例2
本实施例通过体外实验考察了CT是否能保护平滑肌细胞免受PDGF-BB诱导的表型转换。
本实施例用平滑肌细胞系A10作为体外模型,具体实验方法为:
1、细胞培养:大鼠主动脉平滑肌细胞A10细胞系培养于含10%灭活胎牛血清及100mM青链霉素的DMEM完全培养液中,置于37℃,5%CO2的饱和湿度培养箱内孵育。为了使VSMCs处于去分化状态,本研究使用含有PDGF-BB的DMEM对大鼠主动脉平滑肌细胞A10进行培养。将平滑肌细胞分为对照组Con,PDGF-BB组和PDGF-BB+CT组。
2、为了评价CT对平滑肌细胞的保护作用,通过伤口愈合测定评估细胞迁移,具体实验方法如下:将细胞接种在3.5cm2培养皿中24小时后,使用200μl移液器吸头划出垂直和水平直线。用PBS轻轻清洗细胞两次,去除碎片。在显微镜下拍摄伤口后0、24、48小时的伤口愈合图像。通过使用ImageProPlus图像分析软件测量无细胞区的面积来量化细胞迁移。
如图8、图9所示:血管平滑肌细胞使用PDGF-BB刺激48小时后,与Con组相比,细胞的迁移能力明显地增强,划痕明显地逐渐愈合。给予降钙素处理后,能够有效地抑制PDGF-BB刺激所诱导的血管平滑肌细胞迁移能力。图9数据显示为平均值±SEM(n=5),***P<0.001vsCon组,scalebar=1000μm。
3、为了评价CT对平滑肌细胞的保护作用,通过EdU标记鉴定增殖细胞,具体实验方法如下:将细胞与含有EdU的标记培养基在37℃和5%CO2下避光孵育2小时。然后按照制造商(广州锐博生物技术有限公司)的方案对细胞进行固定和处理以进行EdU检测。通过免疫荧光染色检测EdU阳性细胞。使用荧光显微镜随机观察标记的细胞放大20倍,使用ImageProPlus图像分析软件计数并分析数据。
如图10、图11所示:在给予PDGF-BB刺激48小时后,平滑肌细胞的增殖能力与Con组相比,增加了5倍。然而,当给予降钙素处理后,与PDGF-BB组比较,平滑肌细胞的增殖能力被抑制。根据EdU阳性细胞百分比=(EdU阳性细胞数/细胞核总数)×100%计算发现,相较于PDGF-BB组,CT组增殖程度显著下降,两组数据均具有统计学意义。以上结果证明降钙素可以抑制PDGF-BB诱导的VSMCs(血管平滑肌细胞)的增殖。图11数据显示为平均值±SEM(n=5),****P<0.0001vsCon组,###P<0.001vsPDGF-BB组,scalebar=100μm。
4、用westernblot检测CyclinD1、MMP9、SM22α、PCNA、MMP和α-SMA蛋白,从蛋白层面验证降钙素对平滑肌细胞的保护作用,具体实验方法如下:
细胞提取总蛋白,用BCA蛋白定量试剂盒测定蛋白浓度,取100μg蛋白加入5×上样缓冲液混合。用12.5%SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳进行分离并转到PVDF膜上,5%的脱脂奶粉室温下封闭2小时,一抗包括CyclinD1、MMP9、SM22α和GAPDH,在4℃条件下,孵育24小时。二抗室温避光孵育1小时,使用美国LI-COR成像仪检测成像,各组的免疫印迹结果检测条带密度(面积×OD值)。Westernblot条带CyclinD1、MMP9、SM22α、PCNA、MMP2和α-SMA的相对表达水平对比结果如图12所示,A图为CyclinD1的Westernblot条带及相对表达水平对比图、B图为MMP9的Westernblot条带及相对表达水平对比图、C图为SM22α的Westernblot条带及相对表达水平对比图、D图为PCNA的Westernblot条带及相对表达水平对比图、E图为MMP2的Westernblot条带及相对表达水平对比图、F图为α-SMA的Westernblot条带及相对表达水平对比图。
由图12可以看出PDGF-BB导致了平滑肌细胞明显增殖,迁移以及表型转换,但降钙素能够减少PDGF-BB导致了平滑肌细胞明显增殖,迁移以及表型转换。图12数据显示为平均值±SEM(n=5),*P<0.05versusCongroup,***P<0.001versusCongroup,#P<0.05versusPDGF-BBgroup,##P<0.01versusPDGF-BBgroup。
实施例3
本实施例提供了一种含有降钙素的药物涂层支架及其制备方法。
本实施例中药物涂层支架包括支架基体和覆盖于支架基体表面的药物涂层,药物涂层中的有效成分为降钙素,且降钙素在支架基体上的载药量为50μg/mm2;药物涂层中还含有药物载体,药物载体与与降钙素的质量比为1:3;药物载体为质量比为1:4的海藻酸钠和明胶组成的水凝胶,其中海藻酸钠分子量为50kDa~500kDa,明胶分子量为25-60kDa;本实施例的支架基体为不锈钢支架。
本实施例提供的药物涂层支架的制备方法为:将海藻酸钠和明胶分别配置成质量浓度均为100mg/mL的水溶液,按体积比为1:4将海藻酸钠水溶液与明胶水溶液混合均匀,得到质量浓度为100mg/mL的水凝胶,将降钙素均匀分散于水凝胶中配制得到载药水凝胶,用精密喷枪将载药水凝胶均匀地喷涂在不锈钢支架表面,真空干燥固化后得到含有降钙素的药物涂层支架。
实施例4
本实施例提供了一种含有降钙素的药物涂层支架及其制备方法。
本实施例中药物涂层支架包括支架基体和覆盖于支架基体表面的药物涂层,药物涂层中的有效成分为降钙素,且降钙素在支架基体上的载药量为100μg/mm2;药物涂层中还含有药物载体,药物载体与与降钙素的质量比为1:3;药物载体为质量比为1:2的海藻酸钠和明胶组成的水凝胶,其中海藻酸钠分子量为50kDa~500kDa,明胶分子量为25-60kDa;本实施例的支架基体为不锈钢支架。
本实施例提供的药物涂层支架的制备方法为:将海藻酸钠和明胶分别配置成质量浓度均为100mg/mL的水溶液,按体积比为1:2将海藻酸钠水溶液与明胶水溶液混合均匀,得到质量浓度为100mg/mL的水凝胶,将降钙素均匀分散于水凝胶中配制得到载药水凝胶,用精密喷枪将载药水凝胶均匀地喷涂在不锈钢支架表面,真空干燥固化后得到含有降钙素的药物涂层支架。
实施例5
本实施例提供了一种含有降钙素的药物涂层支架及其制备方法。
本实施例中药物涂层支架包括支架基体和覆盖于支架基体表面的药物涂层,药物涂层中的有效成分为降钙素,且降钙素在支架基体上的载药量为200μg/mm2;药物涂层中还含有药物载体,药物载体与与降钙素的质量比为4:6;药物载体为质量比为3:4的海藻酸钠和明胶组成的水凝胶,其中海藻酸钠分子量为50kDa~500kDa,明胶分子量为25-60kDa;本实施例的支架基体为钴铬合金支架。
本实施例提供的药物涂层支架的制备方法为:将海藻酸钠和明胶分别配置成质量浓度均为120mg/mL的水溶液,按体积比为3:4将海藻酸钠水溶液与明胶水溶液混合均匀,得到质量浓度为120mg/mL的水凝胶,将降钙素均匀分散于水凝胶中配制得到载药水凝胶,用精密喷枪将载药水凝胶均匀地喷涂在钴铬合金支架表面,真空干燥固化后得到含有降钙素的药物涂层支架。
实施例6
本实施例提供了一种含有降钙素的药物涂层支架及其制备方法。
本实施例中药物涂层支架包括支架基体和覆盖于支架基体表面的药物涂层,药物涂层中的有效成分为降钙素,且降钙素在支架基体上的载药量为300μg/mm2;药物涂层中还含有药物载体,药物载体与与降钙素的质量比为4:6;药物载体为质量比为1:1的海藻酸钠和明胶组成的水凝胶,其中海藻酸钠分子量为50kDa~500kDa,明胶分子量为25-60kDa;本实施例的支架基体为钴铬合金支架。
本实施例提供的药物涂层支架的制备方法为:将海藻酸钠和明胶分别配置成质量浓度均为120mg/mL的水溶液,按体积比为1:1将海藻酸钠水溶液与明胶水溶液混合均匀,得到质量浓度为120mg/mL的水凝胶,将降钙素均匀分散于水凝胶中配制得到载药水凝胶,用精密喷枪将载药水凝胶均匀地喷涂在钴铬合金支架表面,真空干燥固化后得到含有降钙素的药物涂层支架。
实施例7
本实施例提供了一种含有降钙素的药物涂层支架及其制备方法。
本实施例中药物涂层支架包括支架基体和覆盖于支架基体表面的药物涂层,药物涂层中的有效成分为降钙素,且降钙素在支架基体上的载药量为400μg/mm2;药物涂层中还含有药物载体,药物载体与与降钙素的质量比为4:6;药物载体为质量比为5:4的海藻酸钠和明胶组成的水凝胶,其中海藻酸钠分子量为50kDa~500kDa,明胶分子量为25-60kDa;本实施例的支架基体为镍钛合金支架。
本实施例提供的药物涂层支架的制备方法为:将海藻酸钠和明胶分别配置成质量浓度均为150mg/mL的水溶液,按体积比为5:4将海藻酸钠水溶液与明胶水溶液混合均匀,得到质量浓度为150mg/mL的水凝胶,将降钙素均匀分散于水凝胶中配制得到载药水凝胶,用精密喷枪将载药水凝胶均匀地喷涂在镍钛合金支架表面,真空干燥固化后得到含有降钙素的药物涂层支架。
Claims (8)
1.降钙素在制备防治支架内再狭窄药物中的应用。
2.根据权利要求1所述降钙素在制备防治支架内再狭窄药物中的应用,其特征在于,所述支架内再狭窄包括因球囊损伤后新内膜增生引起的支架内再狭窄和因血管平滑肌细胞迁移引起的支架内再狭窄。
3.药物涂层支架,包括支架基体和覆盖于支架基体表面的药物涂层,其特征在于,所述药物涂层中的有效成分包括降钙素。
4.根据权利要求3所述药物涂层支架,其特征在于,所述药物涂层中的降钙素在所述支架基体上的载药量为20~400μg/mm2。
5.根据权利要求3或4所述药物涂层支架,其特征在于,所述药物涂层中还含有药物载体,所述药物载体与降钙素的质量比为1:3或4:6。
6.根据权利要求5所述药物涂层支架,其特征在于,所述药物载体为水凝胶,所述水凝胶由质量比为1~5:4的海藻酸盐和明胶组成。
7.根据权利要求6所述药物涂层支架,其特征在于,所述支架基体为不锈钢支架、钴铬合金支架或镍钛合金支架。
8.一种如权利要求3-7任一所述药物涂层支架的制备方法,其特征在于,将药物载体配置成浓度为100~150mg/mL的水凝胶,再将降钙素均匀分散于所述水凝胶中配制得到载药水凝胶,将所述载药水凝胶均匀地涂覆于支架基体表面,真空干燥固化后得到含有降钙素的药物涂层支架。
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