CN116143681A - N-芳基邻苯二甲酰亚胺衍生物及其在有机光化学中的应用 - Google Patents

N-芳基邻苯二甲酰亚胺衍生物及其在有机光化学中的应用 Download PDF

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CN116143681A
CN116143681A CN202310173157.3A CN202310173157A CN116143681A CN 116143681 A CN116143681 A CN 116143681A CN 202310173157 A CN202310173157 A CN 202310173157A CN 116143681 A CN116143681 A CN 116143681A
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沈悦海
孙郭程港
李潇帆
艾超异
张亭
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Kunming University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

本发明公开了一类化学结构式如下式所示的N‑芳基邻苯二甲酰亚胺衍生物,该类化合物作为电子受体催化剂,可催化可见光介导的有机光化学反应,如烯烃α‑加成‑γ‑消除反应、亚胺加成反应、烯烃双官能团化反应等;本发明提供的NAPI衍生物催化的有机光化学反应条件温和,无需外加光敏剂,且可以与多种自由基前体、自由基受体、金属催化剂进行组合,有较好的合成应用前景;

Description

N-芳基邻苯二甲酰亚胺衍生物及其在有机光化学中的应用
技术领域
本发明属于化学合成与有机小分子技术领域,涉及一类N-芳基邻苯二甲酰亚胺(NAPI)衍生物的新用途,即用于催化烯烃加成消除反应、亚胺加成反应等一系列可见光介导的有机光化学反应。
背景技术
N-芳基邻苯二甲酰亚胺(N-arylphthalimide,NAPI)衍生物作为一类简单的有机化合物,已得到广泛研究,发现多种用途,主要集中在对其生物活性的研究。在生物化学领域,NAPI衍生物具有多种不同的生物学活性,包括但不限于作为广谱抗菌药(J.Pharm.Pharmacol.2011,16,163-173)、潜在的糖尿病治疗药物(Eur.J.Med.Chem.2011,46,4324-4329)、抗超敏药物、抗惊厥药物和抗癌药物。此外,NAPI衍生物可作为高分子材料的添加剂,用于轮胎橡胶的增强改性等方面。
电子给受体(EDA)络合物光化学是近年来兴起的研究领域,符合绿色合成的理念。其中,基于催化量电子给体或受体的EDA催化光反应的效率较高,是近来备受关注的新方向。目前,关于电子给体催化的研究已经较为丰富,而电子受体催化的研究还少有报道。NAPI衍生物作为一种潜在的电子受体催化剂,有望用于发展EDA络合物介导的受体催化光氧化还原反应,并应用于精细化工和药物合成领域。
发明内容
本发明提供了一类N-芳基邻苯二甲酰亚胺(N-arylphthalimide,NAPI)衍生物,其化学结构通式如下:
Figure BDA0004099876690000011
式中:R1、R2、R3、R4分别选自氢、氟、氯、溴、碘,Ar为具有不同取代基团的芳基。
上述N-芳基邻苯二甲酰亚胺衍生物选自如下任一结构:
Figure BDA0004099876690000012
Figure BDA0004099876690000021
本发明N-芳基邻苯二甲酰亚胺衍生物采用常规方法制得,合成制备简便易行,例如以取代邻苯二甲酸酐和取代苯胺等化合物为原料,参考文献Org.Chem.Front.2022,9,1308-1314中方法制备。
本发明另一目的是将上述N-芳基邻苯二甲酰亚胺衍生物作为电子受体催化剂,应用在可见光介导的有机光化学反应中。
所述应用中的N-芳基邻苯二甲酰亚胺衍生物选自如下任一结构:
Figure BDA0004099876690000022
Figure BDA0004099876690000031
本发明基于NAPI衍生物与富电子化合物形成的电子给受体(EDA)络合物的吸光性,以及电子受体对光氧化还原自由基生成途径的催化作用,发现此类NAPI衍生物在烯烃α-加成-γ-消除反应、烯烃双官能团化反应、亚胺加成反应等可见光促进的自由基反应中有良好至优秀的催化活性。NAPI衍生物的催化性能可以通过改变取代基加以调整,有利于发展具有潜在合成应用前景的有机光化学反应。
本发明的优点和技术效果:
1、本发明提供的NAPI衍生物可以作为电子受体催化有机光化学反应,作用机制新颖;
2、本发明提供的NAPI衍生物可以在邻苯二甲酰亚胺母核以及N-芳基上分别引入不同的取代基,实现对催化性能的调整和反应效果的优化;
3、本发明提供的NAPI衍生物催化的有机光化学反应条件温和,无需外加光敏剂,且可以与多种自由基前体、自由基受体、金属催化剂进行组合,有较好的合成应用前景。
具体实施方式
如前所述,N-芳基邻苯二甲酰亚胺(N-arylphthalimide,NAPI)衍生物能够有效催化一系列新颖的光氧化还原自由基反应。以下对本发明技术方案的具体实施方式详细描述,但并不构成对本发明保护范围的限定;本发明实施例中所使用的试剂均为市售的分析纯试剂,实施例中化合物未公开制备工艺的,都是参照常规方法制得;
实施例1:N-(五氟苯基)-3-溴邻苯二甲酰亚胺(NAPI-1)的制备
Figure BDA0004099876690000041
在干燥的圆底烧瓶中依次加入3-溴邻苯二甲酸酐(5.00mmol)、五氟苯胺(5.50mmol)和冰醋酸(1.0mL),在120℃下搅拌12h,反应完全后冷却至室温,以饱和碳酸氢钠溶液和乙酸乙酯分相,分出有机相,以无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤浓缩后重结晶得到N-(五氟苯基)-3-溴邻苯二甲酰亚胺(白色固体,1.80g,92%);
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.14(d,J=1.7Hz,1H),8.00(dd,J=8.0,1.7Hz,1H),7.87(d,J=8.0Hz,1H).
13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ163.1,162.6,143.9(bs),142.2(bs),140.4(bs),137.9(bs),137.1,136.2(bs),132.1,129.2,129.1,126.8,124.8,105.5(bs).
实施例2:N-(3,5-二三氟甲基)-3-氯邻苯二甲酰亚胺(NAPI-2)的制备
Figure BDA0004099876690000042
在干燥的圆底烧瓶中依次加入3-氯邻苯二甲酸酐(5.00mmol)、3,5-二三氟甲基苯胺(5.50mmol)和冰醋酸(1.0mL),在120℃下搅拌12h,反应完全后冷却至室温,以饱和碳酸氢钠溶液和乙酸乙酯分相,分出有机相,以无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤浓缩后重结晶得到N-(3,5-二三氟甲基)-3-氯邻苯二甲酰亚胺(白色固体,1.85g,94%);
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.95(s,2H),7.91–7.81(m,3H),7.75(d,J=8.4Hz,1H).
13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ164.3,164.0,140.9,134.2,132.0,131.8,131.6(q,2JCF=34Hz),128.1,125.1(q,3JCF=3.5Hz),124.4,123.6,121.7(q,1JCF=270Hz),120.7(quintet,3JCF=3.5Hz),119.04.
实施例3:N-(3-溴-6-甲基苯基)-2,3,4,5-四氯邻苯二甲酰亚胺(NAPI-3)的制备
Figure BDA0004099876690000051
在干燥的圆底烧瓶中依次加入2,3,4,5-四氯邻苯二甲酸酐(5.00mmol)、3-溴-6-甲基苯胺(5.50mmol)和冰醋酸(1.0mL),在120℃下搅拌12h,反应完全后冷却至室温,以饱和碳酸氢钠溶液和乙酸乙酯分相,分出有机相,以无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤浓缩后重结晶得到N-(3-溴-6-甲基苯基)-2,3,4,5-四氯邻苯二甲酰亚胺(白色固体,2.06g,91%);
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.52(dd,J=8.3,2.1Hz,1H),7.34(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),7.25(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),2.15(s,3H).
13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ161.13,139.75,134.54,131.99,131.54,130.45,129.83,129.28,126.22,118.53,16.69.
实施例4:N-(3,5-二三氟甲基苯基)-2,3,4,5-四氯邻苯二甲酰亚胺(NAPI-4)的制备
Figure BDA0004099876690000052
在干燥的圆底烧瓶中依次加入2,3,4,5-四氯邻苯二甲酸酐(5.00mmol)、3,5-二三氟甲基苯胺(5.50mmol)和冰醋酸(1.0mL),在120℃下搅拌12h,反应完全后冷却至室温,以饱和碳酸氢钠溶液和乙酸乙酯分相,分出有机相,以无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤浓缩后重结晶得到N-(3,5-二三氟甲基苯基)-2,3,4,5-四氯邻苯二甲酰亚胺(白色固体,2.31g,93%);
1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.34(s,1H),8.22(s,2H).
实施例5:N-(8-喹啉基)-2,3,4,5-四氯邻苯二甲酰亚胺(NAPI-5)的制备
Figure BDA0004099876690000053
在干燥的圆底烧瓶中依次加入2,3,4,5-四氯邻苯二甲酸酐(5.00mmol)、8-氨基喹啉(5.50mmol)和冰醋酸(1.0mL),在120℃下搅拌12h,反应完全后冷却至室温,以饱和碳酸氢钠溶液和乙酸乙酯分相,分出有机相,以无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤浓缩后重结晶得到N-(8-喹啉基)-2,3,4,5-四氯邻苯二甲酰亚胺(白色固体,1.87g,91%);
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.85(d,J=4.2Hz,1H),8.25(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),8.00(d,J=7.8,1H),7.74(d,J=7.8,1H),7.69(t,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.47(dd,J=7.8,4.2Hz,1H).
实施例6:N-(4-三氟甲基苯基)-2,3,4,5-四氯邻苯二甲酰亚胺(NAPI-6)的制备
Figure BDA0004099876690000061
在干燥的圆底烧瓶中依次加入2,3,4,5-四氯邻苯二甲酸酐(5.00mmol)、4-三氟甲基苯胺(5.50mmol)和冰醋酸(1.0mL),在120℃下搅拌12h,反应完全后冷却至室温,以饱和碳酸氢钠溶液和乙酸乙酯分相,分出有机相,以无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤浓缩后重结晶得到N-(4-三氟甲基苯基)-2,3,4,5-四氯邻苯二甲酰亚胺(白色固体,1.93g,90%);
1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.97(d,J=7.8Hz,2H),7.70(d,J=7.8Hz,2H).
实施例7:N-(3,5-二三氟甲基苯基)-2,3,4,5-四氟邻苯二甲酰亚胺(NAPI-7)的制备
Figure BDA0004099876690000062
在干燥的圆底烧瓶中依次加入2,3,4,5-四氟邻苯二甲酸酐(5.00mmol)、3,5-二三氟甲基苯胺(5.50mmol)和冰醋酸(1.0mL),在120℃下搅拌12h,反应完全后冷却至室温,以饱和碳酸氢钠溶液和乙酸乙酯分相,分出有机相,以无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤浓缩后重结晶得到N-(3,5-二三氟甲基苯基)-2,3,4,5-四氟邻苯二甲酰亚胺(白色固体,2.00g,93%);
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.91(s,2H),7.89(s,1H).
13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ159.5,145.5(bs),143.9(bs),143.8(bs),142.2(bs),131.9(q,2JCF=34Hz),131.0,125.2(q,3JCF=3.5Hz),121.6(q,1JCF=270Hz),121.3(quintet,3JCF=3.5Hz),111.9(d,J=9Hz).
实施例8:N-(2-吡啶基)-2,3,4,5-四氟邻苯二甲酰亚胺(NAPI-8)的制备
Figure BDA0004099876690000063
在干燥的圆底烧瓶中依次加入2,3,4,5-四氟邻苯二甲酸酐(5.00mmol)、2-氨基吡啶(5.50mmol)和冰醋酸(1.0mL),在120℃下搅拌12h,反应完全后冷却至室温,以饱和碳酸氢钠溶液和乙酸乙酯分相,分出有机相,以无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤浓缩后重结晶得到N-(2-吡啶基)-2,3,4,5-四氟邻苯二甲酰亚胺(白色固体,1.40g,95%);
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.67(d,J=3.6Hz,1H),7.92(td,J=7.8,1.8Hz,1H),7.44-7.38(m,2H).
13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ159.8,148.8,145.2(bs),143.8,143.7(bs),143.4(bs),141.9(bs),137.6,123.2,121.0,112.5(d,J=9Hz).
实施例9:N-(4-三氟甲基苯基)-2,3,4,5-四氟邻苯二甲酰亚胺(NAPI-9)的制备
Figure BDA0004099876690000071
在干燥的圆底烧瓶中依次加入2,3,4,5-四氟邻苯二甲酸酐(5.00mmol)、4-三氟甲基苯胺(5.50mmol)和冰醋酸(1.0mL),在120℃下搅拌12h,反应完全后冷却至室温,以饱和碳酸氢钠溶液和乙酸乙酯分相,分出有机相,以无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤浓缩后重结晶得到N-(4-三氟甲基苯基)-2,3,4,5-四氟邻苯二甲酰亚胺(白色固体,1.70g,94%);
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.73(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.52(d,J=8.4Hz,2H).
实施例10:NAPI衍生物催化的烯烃α-加成-γ-消除反应
Figure BDA0004099876690000072
取一装有磁力搅拌子的反应管烘干后冷却至室温,加入4-(3,3,3-三氟丙-1-烯-2-基)-1,1'-联苯(37.3mg,0.15mmol)、4-异丙基Hantzsch酯(66.5mg,0.23mmol)、无水碳酸钠(15.9mg,0.15mmol)、NAPI衍生物(0.03mmol),氩气保护下加入NMP(1.0mL),在蓝光LED灯照射下室温反应,监测反应直至反应物完全消耗;使用饱和食盐水和乙酸乙酯萃取反应液,合并有机相,用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤、浓缩后,经硅胶柱层析纯化(石油醚)得到产物;
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.63(d,J=7.8Hz,2H),7.62(d,J=7.8Hz,2H),7.48(t,J=7.8Hz,2H),7.43(d,J=7.8Hz,2H),7.38(t,J=7.8Hz,1H),2.36-2.32(m,2H),1.67(septet,J=6.6Hz,1H),0.94(d,J=6.6Hz,6H).
NAPI衍生物的催化烯烃α-加成-γ-消除反应的活性结果见表1;
表1
Figure BDA0004099876690000073
Figure BDA0004099876690000081
Figure BDA0004099876690000091
实施例11:NAPI衍生物催化的亚胺加成反应
Figure BDA0004099876690000092
取一装有磁力搅拌子的反应管烘干后冷却至室温,加入乙醛酸乙酯恶唑啉酮亚胺(30.0mg,0.16mmol)、4-甲基-N,N-二甲基苯胺(40.6mg,0.32mmol)、无水碳酸钾(31.1mg,0.24mmol)、NAPI衍生物(0.03mmol),氩气保护下加入NMP(1.0mL),在蓝光LED灯照射条件下室温反应,监测反应直至反应物完全消耗,使用饱和食盐水和乙酸乙酯萃取反应液,合并有机相,用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤、浓缩后经硅胶柱层析纯化(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=1:1),得到产物;
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.05(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),6.75(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),4.76(s,1H),4.58(dd,J=9.0,7.2Hz,1H),4.34(q,J=7.2Hz,1H),4.28-4.12(m,3H),3.87(t,J=7.2Hz,1H),3.80-3.75(m,1H),3.59(q,J=8.4Hz,1H),3.54-3.50(m,1H),2.95(s,3H),2.25(s,3H),1.27(t,J=7.2Hz,3H).
NAPI衍生物的催化亚胺加成反应的活性结果见表2;
表2
Figure BDA0004099876690000101
Figure BDA0004099876690000111
实施例12:NAPI衍生物催化的烯烃双官能团化反应
Figure BDA0004099876690000112
取一装有磁力搅拌子的反应管烘干后冷却至室温,加入乙醛酸乙酯恶唑啉酮亚胺(30.0mg,0.16mmol)、无水碳酸钾(33.5mg,0.24mmol)、NAPI衍生物(0.03mmol)、三氟甲基亚磺酸钠(75.5mg,0.48mmol)、醋酸烯丙酯(48.5mg,0.48mmol),氩气保护下加入NMP(1.0mL),在蓝光LED灯照射条件下室温反应,监测反应直至反应物完全消耗,使用饱和食盐水和乙酸乙酯萃取反应液。合并有机相,用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤、浓缩后经硅胶柱层析纯化(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=1:1),得到产物(3:2非对映异构体混合物);
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ4.62(bs,1H),4.30-4.14(m,6H),3.83(d,J=3.0Hz,1H),3.71-3.58(m,2H),2.63-2.36(m,2H),2.29-2.10(m,1H),2.04(s,3H),1.30(t,J=7.2Hz,3H).
HRMS(ESI)m/z[M+Na]+calcd.for C13H19N2O6F3 379.1087,found 379.1088.
NAPI衍生物的催化烯烃双官能团化反应的活性结果见表3;
表3
Figure BDA0004099876690000113
Figure BDA0004099876690000121
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式。应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员,在不脱离本发明方法的前提下,还可进行若干改进和补充,这些可能的改进和补充也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (5)

1.化学结构式如下式所示的N-芳基邻苯二甲酰亚胺衍生物:
Figure FDA0004099876680000011
式中:R1、R2、R3、R4分别选自氢、氟、氯、溴、碘,Ar为具有不同取代基团的芳基。
2.根据权利要求1所述的N-芳基邻苯二甲酰亚胺衍生物,其特征在于,N-芳基邻苯二甲酰亚胺衍生物选自如下任一结构:
Figure FDA0004099876680000012
3.权利要求1所述的N-芳基邻苯二甲酰亚胺衍生物作为电子受体催化剂,在可见光介导的有机光化学反应中的应用。
4.根据权利要求3所述的应用,其特征在于,N-芳基邻苯二甲酰亚胺衍生物选自如下任一结构:
Figure FDA0004099876680000013
Figure FDA0004099876680000021
5.根据权利要求3所述的应用,其特征在于:可见光介导的有机光化学反应包括烯烃α-加成-γ-消除反应、亚胺加成反应、烯烃双官能团化反应。
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