CN116102679B - 阴离子低分抗盐型聚丙烯酰胺及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于聚丙烯酰胺压裂液技术领域,具体涉及一种阴离子低分抗盐型聚丙烯酰胺及其制备方法。所述的阴离子低分抗盐型聚丙烯酰胺,由以下重量份组份的原料构成:丙烯酰胺20~25;自制功能单体GD0.5~10;AMPS3~6;丙烯酸4~6;NaOH2~4;尿素1~3;去离子水45.37~65.3;助溶剂0.01~0.03;复合引发剂0.1~0.2;氧化还原剂0.1~0.6。本聚丙烯酰胺不仅分子量低,粘度高,流动性好,而且耐温抗盐性能好,在盐水中粘度高、不易降解;交联迅速,冻胶流动性好、悬沙能力强,高温剪切下冻胶性能稳定。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于聚丙烯酰胺压裂液技术领域,具体涉及一种阴离子低分抗盐型聚丙烯酰胺及其制备方法。
背景技术
社会经济飞速发展,能源需求量急剧增加,原油开采条件越来越苛刻,产量也逐渐降低。人们想到了一系列措施来提高原油收率,其中包含压裂;在油田致密层,液体流动阻力很大,使用压裂液将缝隙打开,形成裂缝并用支撑剂将缝隙支撑起来,降低流体的流动阻力,来提高原油采收率。
阴离子型聚丙烯酰胺则是压裂液的主要添加剂,可以让压裂液具有高粘度、低摩阻、悬沙能力强、滤失低等特点。但市面上大多数的聚丙烯酰胺在地底深层压裂使用时压裂液出现了悬沙能力弱、粘度低或流动阻力大等问题,针对以上问题,压裂用聚丙烯酰胺则需要同时具备低分子量、高粘度、耐温耐盐、易成胶、易溶解、悬沙能力强的特点;聚丙烯酰胺的分子量、粘度、抗盐性能、交联性能等与聚合过程中的初始反应温度、水解度、耐温抗盐基团的引入、链转移剂、链调节剂等密切相关,各种因素的不确定性均会影响产品的性能。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,本发明的目的在于提供一种阴离子低分抗盐型聚丙烯酰胺,不仅分子量低,粘度高,流动性好,而且耐温抗盐性能好,在盐水中粘度高、不易降解;交联迅速,冻胶流动性好、悬沙能力强,高温剪切下冻胶性能稳定。
本发明的另一个目的在于提供一种阴离子低分抗盐型聚丙烯酰胺的制备方法,工艺流程简单,便于操作,一次引发聚合迅速彻底,生产稳定,对设备要求不高,大大降低了生产成本。
本发明所采取的技术方案是:
所述的阴离子低分抗盐型聚丙烯酰胺,由以下重量份数的原料组成:
所述的功能单体GD为N-十八烷基丙烯酰胺。
所述的助溶剂为甲酸钠和次亚磷酸钠的混合物,甲酸钠:次亚磷酸钠的质量比为(1~3):(1~3)。
所述的复合引发剂为偶氮二异丁基、VA044、四甲基乙二胺和水的混合液,偶氮二异庚腈:VA044:四甲基乙二胺:水的质量比为(1~3):(2~6):(2~6):(5~10)。
所述的氧化还原剂为过硫酸钾与亚硫酸氢钠,其质量比为(1~3):(1~3)。
所述的阴离子低分抗盐型聚丙烯酰胺的制备方法,在混料釜中依次加入丙烯酰胺、AMPS、丙烯酸及去离子水,使用NaOH调整溶液的pH值在6.9~7.2范围内,再加入尿素、自制功能单体、助溶剂、复合引发剂,充分搅拌直至固体完全溶解,调节溶液温度到初始温度调后,将反应液体打入反应釜中,充分通入30±2min氮气后,加入氧化还原剂,在氮气保护下反应28~32min后,得到胶体,然后造粒,在60~70℃下烘干得到阴离子低分抗盐聚丙烯酰胺。
所述的初始温度为5-15℃。
其中,氧化还原剂是过硫酸钾与亚硫酸氢钠,其配合比例为(1~3):(1~3)。复合引发剂是偶氮二异庚腈:VA044:四甲基乙二胺:水按质量比(1~3):(2~6):(2~6):(5~10)配置,可以降低反应体系对原材料纯度的要求,聚合迅速彻底。丙烯酸是产品水解度的调节剂,丙烯酸的添加量决定着产品的水解度。功能单体GD及AMPS(2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙磺酸)可以提高产品耐温抗盐性能及交联性能,在盐水中产品更易溶解,溶液粘度提高,易交联、形成冻胶后不易破胶,悬沙能力强等。尿素与助溶剂的添加可以提高产品的溶解性能。
所述的初始温度为
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果如下:
(1)分子量低,粘度高,流动性好;
(2)耐温抗盐性能好,在盐水中粘度高、不易降解;
(3)交联迅速,冻胶流动性好、悬沙能力强,高温剪切下冻胶性能稳定;
(4)工艺流程简单,便于操作,一次引发聚合迅速彻底,生产稳定,对设备要求不高,大大降低了生产成本。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明作进一步阐述,但其并不限制本发明的实施。
实施例和对比例所用的原料:
AMPS 潍坊金石环保科技有限公司
VA044 上海康朗生物科技有限公司。
实施例1:
各原材料按重量份组份是:
制备步骤为,在混料釜中依次加入丙烯酰胺、AMPS、丙磺酸及去离子水,使用NaOH调整溶液的pH值为7.0,再加入尿素、N-十八烷基丙烯酰胺、助溶剂、复合引发剂,充分搅拌直至固体完全溶解,调节初始温度达到10℃后,将反应液打入反应釜中,充分通入30min氮气后,加入氧化还原剂,在氮气保护下反应30min后,此时得到共聚胶体然后进行造粒,在60℃下烘干得到阴离子低分抗盐聚丙烯酰胺。其性能指标如表1所示。
实施例2:
各原材料按重量份组份是:
制备步骤为,在混料釜中依次加入丙烯酰胺、AMPS、丙烯酸及去离子水,使用NaOH调整溶液的pH值为7.1,再加入尿素、N-十八烷基丙烯酰胺、助溶剂、复合引发剂,充分搅拌直至固体完全溶解,调节初始温度达到8℃后,将反应液打入反应釜中,充分通入28min氮气后,加入氧化还原剂,在氮气保护下反应32min后,此时得到共聚胶体然后进行造粒,在65℃下烘干得到阴离子低分抗盐聚丙烯酰胺。其性能指标如表1所示。
实施例3:
制备步骤为,在混料釜中依次加入丙烯酰胺、AMPS、丙烯酸及去离子水,使用NaOH调整溶液的pH值为6.92,再加入尿素、N-十八烷基丙烯酰胺、助溶剂、复合引发剂,充分搅拌直至固体完全溶解,调节溶液温度到初始温度调后,初始温度达到15℃后,将反应液打入反应釜中,充分通入32min氮气后,加入氧化还原剂,在氮气保护下反应28min后,此时得到共聚胶体然后进行造粒,在70℃下烘干得到阴离子低分抗盐聚丙烯酰胺。其性能指标如表1所示。
对比例1:
各原材料按重量份组份是:
其具体操作步骤为,在混料釜中依次加入丙烯酰胺、AMPS、丙烯酸及去离子水,使用NaOH调整溶液的pH值在6.92范围内,再加入尿素、助溶剂、复合引发剂,充分搅拌直至固体完全溶解,调节溶液温度到初始温度调后,初始温度达到10℃后,将反应液打入反应釜中,充分通入30min氮气后,加入氧化还原剂,在氮气保护下反应30min后,此时得到共聚胶体然后进行造粒,在50℃下烘干得到阴离子低分抗盐聚丙烯酰胺。其性能指标如表1所示。
表1各实施例和对比例性能指数
Claims (4)
1.一种阴离子低分抗盐型聚丙烯酰胺,其特征在于,由以下重量份数的原料组成:
丙烯酰胺20~25
功能单体GD0.5~10
AMPS3~6
丙烯酸4~6
NaOH2~4
尿素1~3
去离子水45.37~65.3
助溶剂0.01~0.03
复合引发剂0.1~0.2
氧化还原剂0.1~0.6;
所述的功能单体GD为N-十八烷基丙烯酰胺;
所述的助溶剂为甲酸钠和次亚磷酸钠的混合物,甲酸钠:次亚磷酸钠的质量比为(1~3):(1~3);
所述的复合引发剂为偶氮二异庚腈、VA044、四甲基乙二胺和水的混合液;偶氮二异庚腈:VA044:四甲基乙二胺:水的质量比为(1~3):(2~6):(2~6):(5~10)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的阴离子低分抗盐型聚丙烯酰胺,其特征在于,所述的氧化还原剂为过硫酸钾与亚硫酸氢钠,其质量比为(1~3):(1~3)。
3.一种权利要求1或2所述的阴离子低分抗盐型聚丙烯酰胺的制备方法,其特征在于,在混料釜中依次加入丙烯酰胺、AMPS、丙烯酸及去离子水,使用NaOH调整溶液的pH值在6.9~7.2范围内,再加入尿素、功能单体GD、助溶剂、复合引发剂,充分搅拌直至固体完全溶解,调节溶液温度到初始温度后,将反应液体打入反应釜中,充分通入28~32min氮气后,加入氧化还原剂,在氮气保护下反应28~32min后,得到胶体,然后造粒,在60~70℃下烘干得到阴离子低分抗盐型聚丙烯酰胺。
4.根据权利要求3所述的阴离子低分抗盐型聚丙烯酰胺的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的初始温度为5~15℃。
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