CN116077547A - 山竹果壳提取物用于制备治疗干癣的药物的用途 - Google Patents
山竹果壳提取物用于制备治疗干癣的药物的用途 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种组合物用于制备治疗干癣的药物的用途,其中所述组合物包含有效剂量的山竹果壳提取物。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种组合物用于制备治疗干癣的药物的用途。
背景技术
皮肤是人体最大的器官,皮肤疾病也是种类众多,皮肤疾病可能为急性(持续仅数分钟至数小时)或慢性的状况,其可能影响个体数天、数月、数年甚至一生,皮肤疾病可能为真菌性的、细菌性的、或病毒性的病况,或可能为非–感染性的、免疫性的反应,例如带有或不带有过敏原的发炎反应,或可能为特发性病。因此,症状可能为各式各样且可能从温和的痒感、发红与肿胀至严重的长脓与开放性疼痛,例如伤害性的溃烂,皮肤疾病可能实质影响个体生活的品质。
干癣是一种常见的慢性发炎性皮肤相关疾病,其影响全球约3%的人口。干癣的发病可能由多种因素引起,包括遗传(genetic)、后生(epigenetic)、环境和生活方式因素等,其中涉及先天性和适应性免疫反应。一旦免疫过程被活化,更多的树突细胞、巨噬细胞和T细胞就会从病变皮肤中募集并分泌更多的发炎性介质,这个过程反过来又会促进表皮过度增殖和角质形成细胞的异常分化,结果造成表皮增厚,并导致干癣斑块。
干癣的治疗旨在阻止皮肤细胞快速生长并去除鳞屑。目前常用的有三种疗法,局部疗法(乳膏和软膏)、光疗法(光疗法)和口服或注射药物。类固醇药物通常被用于局部治疗和口服或注射药物,特别是治疗中度至重度干癣,然而,长期使用或过度使用强效皮质类固醇可能会导致一些令人不快的副作用。
山竹果已被研究应用于乳癌的预防及肌肉相关疾病等领域,亦被开发作为日常生活的营养补充剂及化妆品等,同时也被应用于治疗急性肝炎、肝纤维化及预防肝硬化的用途。
Matsumoto等人亦研究由山竹果壳中纯化出α-倒捻子素(mangostin)、β-倒捻子素、γ-倒捻子素、及甲基-β-倒捻子素,并研究该化合物对细胞周期各阶段的抑制作用,显示该化合物具有抗细胞增殖效果及抗肿瘤效应(Bioorg.Med.Chem.2005,13,6064–6069)。
发明内容
本发明提供一种组合物用于制备治疗皮肤疾病的医药组合物的用途。
具体而言,本发明提供一种组合物用于制备治疗干癣的药物的用途,其中所述组合物包含有效剂量的山竹果壳提取物。所述药物亦可用于局部治疗、医疗器材或精准治疗的用途。
本发明中所述干癣包括斑块状干癣、指甲干癣、滴状干癣、反转型干癣、脓疱性干癣、红皮病性干癣和干癣关节炎。
山竹果壳包含较软的内果壳和较硬的外果壳。
在一较佳实施方式中,所述山竹果壳是利用溶剂进行萃取,所述萃取溶剂选自由甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、2-丙醇、正丁醇、丙酮、乙酸乙酯及水所组成的群组。
在另一较佳实施方式中,所述山竹果壳提取物包含山竹果壳水提取物和/或山竹果壳酒精提取物。
在一较佳实施方式中,所述山竹果壳提取物为山竹果壳水提取物。
在另一较佳实施方式中,所述山竹果壳提取物为山竹果壳酒精提取物。
在一较佳实施方式中,所述山竹果壳包含山竹果壳的外果壳/内果壳和/或山竹果壳的全果壳。
在另一较佳实施方式中,所述山竹果壳是山竹果壳的外果壳。
在一较佳实施方式中,本发明的组合物可为口服或非经肠胃道制剂,所述非经肠胃道制剂可为外用制剂,所述外用制剂可为乳霜、乳膏、软膏、凝胶、洗剂或贴布。
在一较佳实施方式中,本发明的山竹果壳提取物包含α-倒捻子素(α-mangostin)及γ-倒捻子素(γ-mangostin)。
在另一较佳实施方式中,本发明的山竹果壳水提取物包含α-倒捻子素(α-mangostin)及γ-倒捻子素(γ-mangostin)。
在又一较佳实施方式中,本发明的山竹果壳酒精提取物包含α-倒捻子素(α-mangostin)及γ-倒捻子素(γ-mangostin)。
本发明中所称“有效剂量”是投予至个体时达到有效结果的剂量,或者是,在体内或体外拥有所需活性的剂量。在发炎病症与自体免疫病症的情况中,与未治疗相比,有效的临床结果包括与疾病或病症有关之症候的程度或严重性减缓、及/或延长个体寿命、及/或提高个体生活品质。投予至个体的精确化合物量将视疾病或症状的类型与严重性以及个体特性来决定,个体特性例如个体的一般健康状况、年龄、性别、体重与对药物的耐受性,亦视发炎病症、自体免疫病症、过敏病症的程度、严重性与类型或所求免疫抑制效果来决定。本领域技术人员依据这些及其他因素将能够决定适当的剂量。
在一实施方式中,本发明的山竹果壳提取物的有效剂量为1%(w/w)至10%(w/w);在一较佳实施方式中,本发明的山竹果壳提取物的有效剂量为1%(w/w)至8%(w/w);在最佳实施方式中,该山竹果壳提取物的有效剂量为1.25%(w/w)至5%(w/w)。
本发明的医药组合物可调配成各种口服或非经肠胃道制剂的型式。口服制剂可调配成固体制剂,例如粉末、颗粒、锭剂、胶囊等,或调配成液体制剂,例如悬浮液、乳液、糖浆等。非经肠胃道制剂可被调配成外用制剂,例如乳霜、软膏、凝胶、洗剂、贴布等,或吸剂、气溶胶、栓剂等。
本发明的医药组合物可包含医药上可接受的赋形剂,尤其是可进一步包含预定的溶剂或油类,如果需要,并可进一步包含分散剂。
本发明所用溶剂的实例包括但不限于水、乙醇、异丙醇、1,3-丁二醇、丙二醇、甘油等。
可用于本发明的油类的实例选自由玉米油、芝麻油、亚麻油、棉花籽油、大豆油、花生油、单–甘油酯、二–甘油酯、三–甘油酯、矿物油、深海鱼鲛油角鲨烯(Squalene)、荷荷巴油(jojoba oil)、橄榄油、月见草油、琉璃苣油(Borage Oil)、葡萄籽油、椰子油、葵花籽油、乳油木果脂及其任意组合所组成的群组,但不以此为限。
溶剂及油类可单独使用或使用其任何的组合。
有益的分散剂实例可包含卵磷脂、有机单甘油酯、山黎醇脂肪酸酯、聚氧乙烯脂肪酸酯、硬脂酸山梨醇酐酯等,但不以此为限。这些原料亦可单独使用或使用其任何的组合。
若需要,组合物可进一步包含额外原料,例如抗微生物剂或防腐剂。
同时,习知活性成分可与组合物同时使用,只要其在本发明组合物的医药活性上不具有反效果即可。例如,如神经酰胺(ceramide)的润肤霜通常作为习知异位性皮肤炎药剂,或液体成分、例如氢羟肾上腺皮质素的类固醇、维生素A衍生物,例如棕榈酸维生素A及/或生育酚等可与组合物一同使用。
当该医药组合物作为外用制剂时,可使用适当的皮肤外用制剂作为基础原料,水性溶液、非水性溶剂、悬浮液、乳液或冻干制剂等均可被使用,并依习知方法消毒。
在实际上被投与或施用的本发明组合物中,剂量可根据各种因素决定,例如投与路径、年龄、性别、及病患体重、与疾病严重性及作为活性成分的药剂型式。
在本发明组合物可为食品或化妆品组合物的情况,可经由适当添加至少一种食品滋养或美容可接受性载剂而制备该组合物。
食品组合物可用于或添加于例如健康食品。如本文中所使用,“健康食品”一词表示一种与一般食品相较下具有增进功能的含本发明组合物的食品。健康食品可经由添加该组合物至一般食品而制备,或藉由胶囊化、粉末化或悬浮液化制备。
化妆品组合物可以其本身或与其他化妆品成分一同添加,或可根据其他习知方法适当使用。化妆品包括须后水(aftershaves)、化妆水、乳霜、面膜及彩妆,但不以此为限。
化妆品组合物可调配成各种组合物形式,例如凝胶、乳霜、软膏等。凝胶、乳霜及软膏形式的组合物可根据组合物的形式使用已知方法,经由添加习知软化剂、乳化剂及增稠剂或其他技术中已知的原料而适当地制备。
凝胶形式的组合物例如可经由添加例如三甲基醇丙烷、聚乙二醇及甘油的软化剂、例如丙二醇、乙醇及异鲸蜡醇的溶剂、及纯水制备。
乳霜形式的组合物的制备例如可经由添加脂肪醇,例如硬脂醇、豆蔻醇、山嵛醇(behenyl alcohol)、花生醇、异十八醇及异鲸蜡醇;乳化剂,例如脂类,例如卵磷脂、磷脂酰胆碱、磷脂酰乙醇胺、磷脂丝胺酸、磷酸脂肌醇及其衍生物、硬脂酸甘油酯、棕榈酸山梨醇酯、硬脂酸山梨醇酯等;天然脂肪及油类,例如酪梨油、杏仁油、巴巴树油(babassu oil)、琉璃苣油、山茶花油等;脂质组合物,例如神经酰胺、胆固醇、脂肪酸、植物鞘胺醇、卵磷脂等;溶剂,例如丙二醇等;及纯水。
软膏形式的组合物的制备可例如经由添加软化剂、乳化剂及蜡,例如微晶蜡、石蜡、地蜡(ceresin)、蜜蜡、鲸蜡、凡士林等。
另一方面,本发明提供一种使用该组合物制备用于治疗或缓解干癣的药剂的方法。如本文中所使用,“治疗或缓解”一词意指当病患使用药剂时,指停止或延迟疾病的病程或症状。
附图说明
图1所示为经IL-23注射小鼠右耳给予安慰剂后的耳朵厚度与仅给予PBS注射之小鼠左耳的耳朵厚度的比较。
图2A–2D为三种软膏样品对干癣的疗效。图2A显示所有软膏样品均未造成任何不良影响;图2B、2C、2D显示三种软膏样品具有治疗干癣的潜力。缩写:W:全果壳提取物。
图3A、3B显示所有软膏样品都显著减少了表皮增厚。图3A显示H&E染色下PBS/IL-23注射小鼠耳朵组织切片的组织学。比例尺:50μm;图3B显示耳朵上(背)层的耳朵厚度的测量结果。结果以平均值±标准误差(SEM)显示,*表示P<0.05,**表示P<0.01,***表示P<0.001;统计方式:学生T检验;缩写:W:全果壳提取物。
图4A–4C所示为5%内果壳提取物和5%外果壳提取物的疗效。图4A显示5%内果壳提取物和5%外果壳提取物均显示出治疗干癣的潜力,且5%外果壳提取物的疗效优于5%内果壳提取物。图4B和4C显示5%的内果壳提取物和5%的外果壳提取物显著减少表皮增厚。结果以平均值±标准误差(SEM)显示,*表示P<0.05,***表示P<0.001;统计方式:学生T检验;缩写:W:全果壳提取物;I:内果壳提取物;O:外果壳提取物。。
具体实施方式
以下实施方式是非限制性的,仅代表本发明的各个方面和特征。
实验例
医药组合物的制备
取山竹果壳,将果壳干燥至50%~95%,以溶剂(如水或90%±10%的酒精)进行萃取,浓缩取得山竹果壳提取物。
将山竹果壳的外果壳及内果壳分离,分别将山竹果壳外果壳及山竹果壳内果壳干燥至50%~95%,以溶剂(如水或90%±10%的酒精)进行萃取,浓缩取得山竹果壳外果壳提取物及山竹果壳内果壳提取物。
分别将山竹果全果壳的酒精及水提取物、山竹果壳内、外果壳的酒精及水提取物制成不同浓度的乳膏或软膏。
IL-23诱导干癣小鼠模型的建立
本发明使用8-11周龄的雄性野生型小鼠(C57BL/6)进行研究。所有的小鼠用含100%氧气的1%-3%异氟醚麻醉。为了诱导干癣样(psoriasis-like)发病机制,小鼠的右耳注射IL-23,左耳注射对照缓冲液(PBS),如前所述。使用31-G的针头将无载体的重组小鼠IL-23(1μg于10μL;购自eBioscience,cat.No.34-8231-85)皮内注射到右耳。每隔一天注射一次,持续14天,以诱发干癣样疾病。无菌PBS则注射到小鼠的左耳中作为载体对照。
动物实验
60只小鼠用于动物实验,其中干癣样疾病诱发小鼠48只,非诱发小鼠12只。将所有小鼠分成两次实验,每次实验30只。每个实验包括5组,第1组(6只干癣样诱发小鼠+1.25%全果壳提取物治疗)、第2组(6只干癣样诱发小鼠+2.5%全果壳提取物治疗)、第3组(6只干癣样诱发小鼠+5%全果壳提取物治疗)、第4组(6只干癣样诱发小鼠+安慰剂)和第5组(6只未诱发小鼠+PBS)。两次实验和组别分配如表1所示。
表1实验1
实验2
将无菌PBS注射到第5组小鼠的左耳中作为载体对照。实验自第0天到第13天,每天在注射位置(每只耳朵40.25mg/cm2)涂抹安慰剂(第4组)和三种软膏样品(第1组至第3组)。所有小鼠在第14天安乐死。耳朵厚度每隔一天以口袋厚度计(Mitutoyo Corp.)在耳朵中心测量一次,并在第0天、第5天、第9天和第14天拍摄耳朵照片(数据未显示)。
苏木精(Hematoxylin)-伊红(Eosin)染色(H&E染色)和表皮厚度的测量
于实验结束时,将小鼠安乐死并收集经注射的耳朵,一半的耳朵用10%福尔马林固定,并以石蜡包埋、切片、进行H&E染色。平均表皮厚度是以Olympus cellSens Standard软件测量每个H&E染色样品中随机选择五个位置(不包括角质层)的表皮最外表面与真皮–表皮连接处之间的距离来确定的。
结果
本发明测试了三个软膏样品对IL-23诱导干癣小鼠模型的影响。小鼠的右耳每隔一天注射1μg无载体重组小鼠IL-23,共14天,左耳则注射无菌PBS作为载体对照组。
每天在注射位置涂抹安慰剂和三种软膏样品(每只耳朵40.25mg/cm2),并于第0、5、9和14天拍摄耳朵照片。为了检查软膏样品对耳朵肿胀的影响,本发明从第3天到第13天,每隔一天测量一次耳朵厚度,与注射PBS的左耳的耳朵厚度相比,注射IL-23并给予安慰剂的右耳的耳朵厚度显示出显著变化(图1)。结果显示,本发明使用IL-23注射液可以成功诱导小鼠耳肿胀,这是干癣的症状之一。
在第0天第14天(图2A),所有组别中,注射PBS的左耳的耳朵厚度没有显示出显著变化,这表示所有软膏样品都没有引起任何不良的影响。
图2B–2D显示注射IL-23并给予三种剂量的软膏样品的右耳的耳朵厚度,所有组别都在第5天显著减轻了耳朵肿胀。其中,5%的全果壳提取物组别,在第5天到第9天和第13天长时间减少了耳朵肿胀。
本发明对取自安乐死小鼠的耳朵切片进行组织学分析。H&E染色结果揭示了安慰剂组干癣样表型的特征,例如表皮增厚、表皮网脊突出进入真皮中以及许多细胞浸润到发炎部位(图3A)。而给予软膏样品的组别减少了表皮厚度,细胞浸润也略有减少。
本发明测量了每只小鼠的表皮厚度(图3B)。这些结果还指出,与仅使用PBS的组别相比,给予安慰剂组的厚度显著增加。与安慰剂组的结果相反,所有软膏样品,包括1.25%全果壳提取物、2.5%全果壳提取物、5%全果壳提取物,均显著降低了表皮厚度。而H&E染色结果指出,在干癣样小鼠模型中,软膏样品可以显著降低表皮厚度,并在组织学分析中略微降低干癣样表型。
值得注意的是,所有软膏样品施用的组别均在5天内显示出早期疗效,尤其是施用5%的全果壳提取物也显示出耳朵厚度减少的持续时间更长。
为进一步评估哪个部位对干癣治疗效果显著,采用5%的山竹壳外果壳和5%的山竹壳内果壳进行同一实验,并与各组别进行比较。
如图4A所示,内果壳提取物和外果壳提取物均显示出对干癣的潜在效果。注射了IL-23并施用5%内果壳提取物和5%外果壳提取物的右耳的耳朵厚度的果也显示,耳朵肿胀在第5天显著减少(图4B和4C)。特别的是,与施用5%的内果壳提取物相比,施用5%的外果壳提取物显示出耳朵厚度的减少持续更长时间。
所有结果均显示,这些软膏样品的治疗能够减轻干癣引起的症状,其中,5%的全果壳提取物、5%内果壳提取物和5%外果壳提取物,均可以减少耳朵的厚度,并持续更长时间。
尽管本发明已经被足够详细的描述和示例,以供本领域技术人员可以制作和实施,但在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下,各种替代、修改和改进应该是显而易见的。
本领域技术人员容易理解,本发明很好地适用于实现所述目的并获得所提及的目的和优点以及其中固有的那些目的和优点。细胞、动物以及产生它们的过程和方法仅代表最佳实施方式,是例示性的,并不意在限制本发明的范围。本领域技术人员能想到其中的修改和其他用途,这些修改包含在本发明的精神内并且由权利要求书的范围所限定。
Claims (11)
1.一种组合物用于制备治疗干癣的药物的用途,其中所述组合物包括有效剂量的山竹果壳提取物。
2.如权利要求1所述的用途,其中,所述山竹果壳提取物包含山竹果壳水提取物和/或山竹果壳醇提取物。
3.如权利要求1所述的用途,其中,所述山竹果壳包含山竹果壳的外果壳和/或山竹果壳的内果壳。
4.如权利要求1所述的用途,其中,所述山竹果壳是山竹果壳的外果壳。
5.如权利要求1所述的用途,其中,所述山竹果壳提取物包含α-倒捻子素及γ-倒捻子素。
6.如权利要求1所述的用途,其中,所述组合物是肠胃外制剂。
7.如权利要求6所述的用途,其中,所述肠胃外制剂是外用制剂。
8.如权利要求1所述的用途,其中,所述有效剂量为1%w/w至10%w/w。
9.如权利要求1所述的用途,其中,所述有效剂量为1%w/w至8%w/w。
10.如权利要求1所述的用途,其中,所述有效剂量为1.25%w/w至5%w/w。
11.如权利要求1所述的用途,其中,所述干癣包括斑块状干癣、指甲干癣、滴状干癣、反转型干癣、脓疱性干癣、红皮病性干癣和干癣关节炎。
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