CN116041711A - 一种低聚磷酸酯多元醇、催化合成方法及其应用 - Google Patents
一种低聚磷酸酯多元醇、催化合成方法及其应用 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116041711A CN116041711A CN202310038784.6A CN202310038784A CN116041711A CN 116041711 A CN116041711 A CN 116041711A CN 202310038784 A CN202310038784 A CN 202310038784A CN 116041711 A CN116041711 A CN 116041711A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- polyol
- phosphate
- compound
- supported
- catalyst
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- -1 phosphate polyol Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000007036 catalytic synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dibutyl(dodecanoyloxy)stannyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012975 dibutyltin dilaurate Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 11
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002842 oligophosphate Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCCCO YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl phosphate Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)OC WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphosphoric acid Polymers OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000013154 zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- MFLKDEMTKSVIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;2-methylimidazol-3-ide Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC1=NC=C[N-]1.CC1=NC=C[N-]1 MFLKDEMTKSVIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011830 basic ionic liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol F Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XTBBZRRBOAVBRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl phenyl phosphate Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)OC1=CC=CC=C1 XTBBZRRBOAVBRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- GMSOIBLTSDGVEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl propyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCOP(=O)(OC)OC GMSOIBLTSDGVEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- JQVXMIPNQMYRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl dimethyl phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OC)OC JQVXMIPNQMYRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)OCC DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940043375 1,5-pentanediol Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- MLCQXUZZAXKTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]phenol Chemical compound C=1C=CC=C(O)C=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 MLCQXUZZAXKTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930185605 Bisphenol Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- ALQSHHUCVQOPAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane-1,5-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCO ALQSHHUCVQOPAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003606 tin compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(ii) 2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound [Sn+2].CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- HTSGKJQDMSTCGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(4-methylphenyl)sulfonylbutane-1,4-dione Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C(C(=O)C=1C=CC(Cl)=CC=1)CC(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 HTSGKJQDMSTCGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- SVXGVOTUXMXSMD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-butyl-3-methylimidazol-3-ium;benzoate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1.CCCC[N+]=1C=CN(C)C=1 SVXGVOTUXMXSMD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- SJXVJFAYNMUGDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-butyl-3-methylimidazol-3-ium;formate Chemical compound [O-]C=O.CCCC[N+]=1C=CN(C)C=1 SJXVJFAYNMUGDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 28
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 20
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- DRSHXJFUUPIBHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N COc1ccc(cc1)N1N=CC2C=NC(Nc3cc(OC)c(OC)c(OCCCN4CCN(C)CC4)c3)=NC12 Chemical compound COc1ccc(cc1)N1N=CC2C=NC(Nc3cc(OC)c(OC)c(OCCCN4CCN(C)CC4)c3)=NC12 DRSHXJFUUPIBHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 5
- GTRSAMFYSUBAGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-chloropropyl) phosphate Chemical compound CC(Cl)COP(=O)(OCC(C)Cl)OCC(C)Cl GTRSAMFYSUBAGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N (+)-propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229940035437 1,3-propanediol Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000166 polytrimethylene carbonate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- HQUQLFOMPYWACS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate Chemical compound ClCCOP(=O)(OCCCl)OCCCl HQUQLFOMPYWACS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- YWEUIGNSBFLMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphosphonate Chemical compound O=P(=O)OP(=O)=O YWEUIGNSBFLMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus pentoxide Inorganic materials O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoryl trichloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)(Cl)=O XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000979 retarding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BMVIGGFETHGRGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butyl-3-methyl-1,2-dihydroimidazol-1-ium;benzoate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1.CCCC[NH+]1CN(C)C=C1 BMVIGGFETHGRGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MQULENUFIVJNPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butyl-3-methyl-1,2-dihydroimidazol-1-ium;formate Chemical compound [O-]C=O.CCCC[NH+]1CN(C)C=C1 MQULENUFIVJNPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phthalic anhydride Natural products C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2,2-difluorocyclopropane-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1CC1(F)F JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- IBDMRHDXAQZJAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorophosphorylbenzene Chemical compound ClP(Cl)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 IBDMRHDXAQZJAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009881 electrostatic interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006261 foam material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009775 high-speed stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004712 monophosphates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003541 multi-stage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003017 phosphorus Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007867 post-reaction treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G79/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing atoms other than silicon, sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon with or without the latter elements in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G79/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing atoms other than silicon, sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon with or without the latter elements in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing phosphorus
- C08G79/04—Phosphorus linked to oxygen or to oxygen and carbon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/0215—Sulfur-containing compounds
- B01J31/0225—Sulfur-containing compounds comprising sulfonic acid groups or the corresponding salts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/0277—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides comprising ionic liquids, as components in catalyst systems or catalysts per se, the ionic liquid compounds being used in the molten state at the respective reaction temperature
- B01J31/0278—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides comprising ionic liquids, as components in catalyst systems or catalysts per se, the ionic liquid compounds being used in the molten state at the respective reaction temperature containing nitrogen as cationic centre
- B01J31/0281—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides comprising ionic liquids, as components in catalyst systems or catalysts per se, the ionic liquid compounds being used in the molten state at the respective reaction temperature containing nitrogen as cationic centre the nitrogen being a ring member
- B01J31/0284—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides comprising ionic liquids, as components in catalyst systems or catalysts per se, the ionic liquid compounds being used in the molten state at the respective reaction temperature containing nitrogen as cationic centre the nitrogen being a ring member of an aromatic ring, e.g. pyridinium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/0277—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides comprising ionic liquids, as components in catalyst systems or catalysts per se, the ionic liquid compounds being used in the molten state at the respective reaction temperature
- B01J31/0292—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides comprising ionic liquids, as components in catalyst systems or catalysts per se, the ionic liquid compounds being used in the molten state at the respective reaction temperature immobilised on a substrate
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/12—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing organo-metallic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/122—Metal aryl or alkyl compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/1691—Coordination polymers, e.g. metal-organic frameworks [MOF]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/18—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms
- B01J31/1805—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms the ligands containing nitrogen
- B01J31/181—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, comprising at least one complexing nitrogen atom as ring member, e.g. pyridine
- B01J31/1815—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, comprising at least one complexing nitrogen atom as ring member, e.g. pyridine with more than one complexing nitrogen atom, e.g. bipyridyl, 2-aminopyridine
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/06—Phosphorus compounds without P—C bonds
- C07F9/08—Esters of oxyacids of phosphorus
- C07F9/09—Esters of phosphoric acids
- C07F9/091—Esters of phosphoric acids with hydroxyalkyl compounds with further substituents on alkyl
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/38—Phosphonic acids [RP(=O)(OH)2]; Thiophosphonic acids ; [RP(=X1)(X2H)2(X1, X2 are each independently O, S or Se)]
- C07F9/40—Esters thereof
- C07F9/4071—Esters thereof the ester moiety containing a substituent or a structure which is considered as characteristic
- C07F9/4075—Esters with hydroxyalkyl compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/38—Phosphonic acids [RP(=O)(OH)2]; Thiophosphonic acids ; [RP(=X1)(X2H)2(X1, X2 are each independently O, S or Se)]
- C07F9/40—Esters thereof
- C07F9/4071—Esters thereof the ester moiety containing a substituent or a structure which is considered as characteristic
- C07F9/4084—Esters with hydroxyaryl compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/4009—Two or more macromolecular compounds not provided for in one single group of groups C08G18/42 - C08G18/64
- C08G18/4081—Mixtures of compounds of group C08G18/64 with other macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/64—Macromolecular compounds not provided for by groups C08G18/42 - C08G18/63
- C08G18/6461—Macromolecular compounds not provided for by groups C08G18/42 - C08G18/63 having phosphorus
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
- C08J9/14—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
- C08J9/143—Halogen containing compounds
- C08J9/144—Halogen containing compounds containing carbon, halogen and hydrogen only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2101/00—Manufacture of cellular products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/14—Saturated hydrocarbons, e.g. butane; Unspecified hydrocarbons
- C08J2203/142—Halogenated saturated hydrocarbons, e.g. H3C-CF3
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/54—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using solvents, e.g. supercritical solvents or ionic liquids
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种低聚磷酸酯多元醇、催化合成方法及其应用,涉及阻燃材料加工技术领域。本发明是将二元醇和磷酸酯在负载型三组分高效催化剂的作用下进行缩聚反应,从而制备出一种低聚磷酸酯多元醇。本发明的合成方法绿色环保且反应时间短,反应条件温和,显著降低了合成成本。同时本发明制备的低聚磷酸酯多元醇具有相容性好、阻燃性优良的特点,能够降低阻燃剂的使用量,并获得高阻燃特性的聚氨酯泡沫。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于阻燃剂技术领域,具体涉及一种低聚磷酸酯多元醇、催化合成方法及其应用。
背景技术
聚磷酸酯类作为一种新型高效磷系阻燃剂,具有低毒、高磷含量、优异的阻燃性能等优点,被广泛应用于橡胶、环氧树脂、聚氨酯等领域,尤其是在阻燃聚氨酯泡沫方面性能突出。
根据聚氨酯泡沫材料阻燃原理的不同将磷酸酯类阻燃剂分为添加型和反应型,其中添加型阻燃剂是通过机械混合填充于聚氨酯硬质泡沫(PURF)中,目前广泛使用的添加型阻燃剂包括三(2-氯丙基)磷酸酯(TCPP)、三(2-氯乙基)磷酸酯(TCEP)、磷酸三乙酯(TEP)等,通过大量添加该类阻燃剂获得优异的阻燃性能。但该类阻燃剂易析出、抗迁移性能差、用量大导致PURF力学性能差,且含卤磷酸酯,因此不符合环保要求。反应型或聚合型阻燃剂不存在上述缺点,其分子链上含有阻燃基团的多元醇作为单体接入到聚合物主链中,从而提高了材料的阻燃性。
低聚磷酸酯多元醇是由含羟基的单磷酸酯聚合而成,作为一种反应型阻燃剂通过共价键引入到泡沫材料中,具有相容性好、低毒、含磷量高、用量小、耐析出等优点。
在中国专利CN201010227072.1中公开了一种采用三氯氧磷、一元醇、二元醇和催化剂合成了一种低聚磷酸酯多元醇的方法。但该方法存在耗时长,至少需要14h,且能耗高、后处理繁杂、产生大量氯化氢污染大和腐蚀性强等缺点。美国专利US4382042是采用三烷基磷酸酯或三卤烷基磷酸酯或三烷基亚磷酸酯、五氧化二磷和环氧乙烷为原料合成一种低聚磷酸酯多元醇。但该方法中用到五氧化二磷和环氧乙烷,导致反应过程不易控制、安全性差、腐蚀性强等缺点。在中国专利CN201510106181.0中公开了一种环状聚磷酸酯齐聚物的制备方法,但该方法中均需用到苯膦酰二氯和有机溶剂二氯甲烷,存在腐蚀性强和安全性差等缺点。
经研究发现,现有低聚磷酸酯多元醇的合成技术都会出现大量氯化氢或其他酸性物质的产生,会造成环境污染和安全性差。同时现有合成工艺复杂,耗时长,涉及到多步反应且不易控制,难以保证产品品质;反应后处理繁琐,需要除去过量卤化含磷单体、碱洗、抽滤、蒸馏纯化等步骤,且催化剂回收难度大,难以重复利用等问题。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,本发明提供了一种阻燃性优良的低聚磷酸酯多元醇及其催化合成方法,该低聚磷酸酯多元醇具有耐析出、耐挥发、添加量少等优点,同时本发明的催化合成方法还具有反应时间短,催化活性高且催化剂便于回收利用等优势。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种低聚磷酸酯多元醇的催化合成方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)负载型三组分高效催化剂的制备:先将ZIF-8催化剂载体加入到乙醇中超声分散12h,得到分散均匀的悬浮液;然后在所述悬浮液中依次加入碱性离子液体、有机锡化合物、对甲苯磺酸,超声分散1h后室温静置,以达到吸附饱和状态,经抽滤、洗涤、真空烘干,即得到负载型三组分高效催化剂;
(2)将化合物I和化合物II混合,加入所述负载型三组分高效催化剂后进行缩聚反应,得到本发明所述低聚磷酸酯多元醇;
其中,所述化合物I结构式如下:
HO-R1-OH,
其中化合物I优选为乙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、1,4-丁二醇、1,5-戊二醇、双酚A、双酚F、2,4'-双酚A或4,4'-二苯亚甲基双酚中的至少一种;
所述化合物II结构式如下:
其中,化合物II为甲基磷酸二甲酯、乙基磷酸二甲酯、丙基磷酸二甲酯、磷酸三甲酯、磷酸三乙酯、苯基磷酸二甲酯中的至少一种。
优选的,所述碱性离子液体为1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑苯甲酸盐、1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑甲酸盐、1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐、1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟碳酸氢盐、1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑二氰胺盐中的至少一种;所述有机锡化合物为二月桂酸二丁基锡和辛酸亚锡中的至少一种。
优选的,所述负载型高效催化剂中碱性离子液体:有机锡化合物:对甲苯磺酸的摩尔比为1:0.1~0.3:0.05~0.2。
优选的,本发明所述室温静置时间为24~72h,所述缩聚反应温度为150~180℃,所述缩聚反应时间为2~3.5h。
优选的,所述负载型三组分高效催化剂的添加量占总质量的0.1~2wt%。
优选的,所述化合物I和所述化合物II的摩尔比为(0.8~3):1。
本发明另一目的是提供了一种利用上述方法制备的低聚磷酸酯多元醇。
优选的,所述低聚磷酸酯多元醇的羟值为120~380mgKOH/g。
优选的,所述低聚磷酸酯多元醇的粘度为200~2000mPa·s。
利用本发明所述低聚磷酸酯多元醇作为阻燃剂制备阻燃性聚氨酯泡沫使用,能够显著提高聚氨酯泡沫的阻燃性。
本发明的技术原理如下:
本发明采用负载型三组分高效催化剂制备低聚磷酸酯多元醇,催化剂中的三种组分之间发挥协同催化作用,具体是碱性离子液体中的咪唑阳离子和化合物II(磷酸酯)发生静电相互作用,加大了P=O键偶极矩,增加了P的正电性。其次有机锡化合物中缺电子的活性中心Sn使P=O键中电子云偏移向O,进一步增加了P的正电性,导致P-O-C键伸缩振动偶极矩变大,有利于反应时P-O键的断裂。最后对甲苯磺酸中的H+和P=O键中的O成盐,再次增加了P的正电性,进一步使分子极化,促进进酯交换反应。同时,酯交换产物作为单体与化合物I(二元醇)继续反应,使缩聚反应能够反应更加彻底。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下优势:
(1)本发明可通过分子结构设计和改变实验条件调控低聚磷酸酯多元醇的磷含量、羟值和粘度变化,能够同时满足阻燃聚氨酯硬质泡沫和软质泡沫的需求。
(2)本发明所用的催化剂为三组分负载型,通过将三组分负载于催化剂载体的多孔结构上,有利于催化剂的回收和循环使用,降低了成本。
(3)本发明的合成方法耗时短,合成时间为2~3.5h。同时,该方法简单、条件温和,两种原料在催化剂作用下经一步缩聚反应得到产物,易于工业化大规模生产。
(4)本发明整个反应过程中无废水和氯化氢产生,绿色环保,且副产物为乙醇或甲醇可作为工业原料利用。
(5)本发明合成的低聚磷酸酯多元醇是一种高效无卤反应型阻燃剂,其分子链上含有阻燃基团的多元醇作为单体接入到聚合物主链中,提高了阻燃性,具有相容性好、低毒、用量小、耐析出等优点。
附图说明
图1为是本发明的低聚磷酸酯多元醇的合成路线图;
图2为本发明的实施例1~5制备的低聚磷酸酯多元醇的红外光谱图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述。显然,所描述的实施例仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所得到的所有其它实施例,都属于本发明所保护的范围。
下述实施例中所述试验方法或测试方法,如无特殊说明,均为常规方法;所述原料和助剂,如无特殊说明,均从常规商业途径获得,或以常规方法制备。
实施例1
一种低聚磷酸酯多元醇的催化合成方法,步骤如下:
(1)负载型三组分高效催化剂的制备:采用多孔材料ZIF-8为催化剂载体,先将催化剂载体加入到乙醇中超声分散12h,得到分散均匀的悬浮液。然后在载体悬浮液中依次加入1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑二氰胺盐、二月桂酸二丁基锡和对甲苯磺酸,其中1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑二氰胺盐、二月桂酸二丁基锡和对甲苯磺酸的摩尔比为1:0.3:0.2,超声分散1h后室温静置72h,使之达到吸附饱和状态,产物经抽滤、洗涤、真空烘干,即得到负载型三组分高效催化剂。
(2)将双酚A与甲基磷酸二甲酯按照摩尔比为1.5:1加入到四口反应瓶中,连接反应装置,在恒定的搅拌速度下混合均匀,加入占双酚A与甲基磷酸二甲酯总质量2wt%的负载型三组分催化剂,在氮气保护下搅拌升温至180℃反应2h。反应过程中收集副产物甲醇,反应完成后冷却至室温,即得到低聚磷酸酯多元醇。
实施例2
一种低聚磷酸酯多元醇的催化合成方法,步骤如下:
(1)负载型三组分高效催化剂的制备:采用多孔材料ZIF-8为催化剂载体,先将催化剂载体加入到乙醇中超声分散12h,得到分散均匀的悬浮液。然后在载体悬浮液中依次加入1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑二氰胺盐、二月桂酸二丁基锡和对甲苯磺酸,其中1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑二氰胺盐、二月桂酸二丁基锡和对甲苯磺酸的摩尔比为1:0.2:0.1,超声分散1h后室温静置48h,使之达到吸附饱和状态,产物经抽滤、洗涤、真空烘干,即得到负载型三组分高效催化剂。
(2)将1,3-丙二醇与乙基磷酸二甲酯按照摩尔比1:1加入到四口反应瓶中,连接反应装置,在恒定的搅拌速度下混合均匀,加入占1,3-丙二醇与乙基磷酸二甲酯总质量1wt%的负载型三组分催化剂,在氮气保护下搅拌升温至170℃反应3h。反应过程中收集副产物甲醇,反应完成后冷却至室温,即得到低聚磷酸酯多元醇。
实施例3
一种低聚磷酸酯多元醇的催化合成方法,步骤如下:
(1)负载型三组分高效催化剂的制备:采用多孔材料ZIF-8为催化剂载体,先将催化剂载体加入到乙醇中超声分散12h,得到分散均匀的悬浮液。然后在载体悬浮液中依次加入1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑二氰胺盐、二月桂酸二丁基锡和对甲苯磺酸,其中1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑二氰胺盐、二月桂酸二丁基锡和对甲苯磺酸的摩尔比为1:0.2:0.1,超声分散1h后室温静置48h,使之达到吸附饱和状态,产物经抽滤、洗涤、真空烘干,即得到负载型三组分高效催化剂。
(2)将1,3-丙二醇与丙基磷酸二甲酯按照摩尔比为1:1加入到四口反应瓶中,连接反应装置,在恒定的搅拌速度下混合均匀,加入占1,3-丙二醇与丙基磷酸二甲酯总质量1wt%的负载型三组分催化剂,在氮气保护下搅拌升温至170℃反应3h。反应过程中收集副产物甲醇,反应完成后冷却至室温,即得到低聚磷酸酯多元醇。
实施例4
一种低聚磷酸酯多元醇的催化合成方法,步骤如下:
(1)负载型三组分高效催化剂的制备:采用多孔材料ZIF-8为催化剂载体,先将催化剂载体加入到乙醇中超声分散12h,得到分散均匀的悬浮液。然后在载体悬浮液中依次加入1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑二氰胺盐、二月桂酸二丁基锡和对甲苯磺酸,其中1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑二氰胺盐、二月桂酸二丁基锡和对甲苯磺酸的摩尔比为1:0.1:0.05,超声分散1h后室温静置24h,使之达到吸附饱和状态,产物经抽滤、洗涤、真空烘干,即得到负载型三组分高效催化剂。
(2)将乙二醇与磷酸三甲酯按照摩尔比为3:1加入到四口反应瓶中,连接反应装置,在恒定的搅拌速度下混合均匀,加入占乙二醇与磷酸三甲酯总质量0.5wt%的负载型三组分催化剂,在氮气保护下搅拌升温至160℃反应2.5h。反应过程中收集副产物甲醇,反应完成后冷却至室温,即得到低聚磷酸酯多元醇。
实施例5
一种低聚磷酸酯多元醇的催化合成方法,步骤如下:
(1)负载型三组分高效催化剂的制备:采用多孔材料ZIF-8为催化剂载体,先将催化剂载体加入到乙醇中超声分散12h,得到分散均匀的悬浮液。然后在载体悬浮液中依次加入1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑二氰胺盐、二月桂酸二丁基锡和对甲苯磺酸,其中1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑二氰胺盐、二月桂酸二丁基锡和对甲苯磺酸的摩尔比为1:0.1:0.05,超声分散1h后室温静置24h,使之达到吸附饱和状态,产物经抽滤、洗涤、真空烘干,即得到负载型三组分高效催化剂。
(2)将乙二醇与苯基磷酸二甲酯照摩尔比为2:1加入到四口反应瓶中,连接反应装置,在恒定的搅拌速度下混合均匀,加入占乙二醇与苯基磷酸二甲酯总质量0.1wt%的负载型三组分催化剂,在氮气保护下搅拌升温至150℃反应2h。反应过程中收集副产物甲醇,反应完成后冷却至室温,即得到低聚磷酸酯多元醇。
对实施例1-5制备的低聚磷酸酯多元醇进行检测,具体检测方法如下:
羟值测试:采用GB/12008.3-2009标准,试样中的羟基在邻苯二甲酸酐的吡啶溶液中回流被酯化,反应用咪唑为催化剂,生成的邻苯二甲酸用氢氧化钠标准滴定液滴定。通过试样和空白滴定的差值计算羟值,羟值测试结果见表1。
粘度测试:使用NDJ旋转粘度计,将被测的低聚磷酸酯多元醇液体置于直径不小于70mm的烧杯或直筒形容积中,选定合适的转子进行测试,粘度测试结果见表1。
项目 | 羟值(mgKOH/g) | 粘度(mPa·s) |
实施例1 | 120 | 1000 |
实施例2 | 200 | 1500 |
实施例3 | 160 | 2000 |
实施例4 | 380 | 400 |
实施例5 | 282 | 800 |
实施例6
将实施例1-5制备的低聚磷酸酯多元醇作为阻燃剂制备1#~5#阻燃型聚氨酯泡沫,具体方法如下:
在常温下,将白料聚醚、匀泡剂、水、催化剂、发泡剂、低聚磷酸酯多元醇(阻燃剂)在高速搅拌下混合均匀;然后,将黑料异氰酸酯快速倒入上述混合物中继续高速搅拌20s;最后,迅速将混合物倒入模具中完成发泡,其中原料配比如表2所示。
表2聚氨酯发泡用料配方
原料 | 配方用量(g) |
聚醚多元醇(牌号410) | 100 |
匀泡剂(牌号3505) | 2 |
催化剂PC8 | 2.5 |
催化剂PC41 | 0.5 |
水 | 0.5 |
发泡剂141B | 30 |
阻燃剂(低聚磷酸酯多元醇) | 10 |
异氰酸酯(牌号200) | 异氰酸酯指数r=1.8 |
按上述方法制备比较例1~4的聚氨酯泡沫,其中比较例1、2是采用不同添加量的TCPP作为阻燃剂,比较例3、4是采用不同添加量的TCEP作为阻燃剂。
将制备的聚氨酯泡沫进行阻燃性能测试
极限氧指数测试(LOI)采用GB/T2406-1993标准,样条尺寸为120mm×10mm×10mm,混合气体流量为10L/min。LOI测试结果见表3。
表3产品的羟值、粘度及阻燃性能测试
由表3可知,当实施例1~5和比较例阻燃剂的添加量相同时,本发明制备的聚氨酯泡沫的LOI值明显大于比较例,表明本发明所合成的低聚磷酸酯多元醇阻燃性能明显优于传统的添加型阻燃剂TCPP和TCEP。当比较例添加20wt%时,其LOI值刚好和实施例中LOI值最低的相等(均为24%),表明本发明所合成的低聚磷酸酯多元醇添加量远小于传统添加型阻燃剂,其用量仅须TCPP或TCEP的三分之一,综合性价比非常突出。
此外,本发明还可通过分子结构设计和改变实验条件调控低聚磷酸酯多元醇的磷含量、羟值和粘度变化。
综上所述,本发明使用负载型高效催化剂合成的低聚磷酸酯多元醇,作为一种高效无卤反应型阻燃剂应用于阻燃聚氨酯泡沫中,具有添加量少、阻燃效率高、性价比突出等优点。同时,该合成方法具有耗时短、工艺简单、无废水产生、成本低廉,易于工业化大规模生产等优点。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种低聚磷酸酯多元醇的催化合成方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)负载型三组分高效催化剂的制备:先将ZIF-8催化剂载体加入到乙醇中超声分散12h,得到分散均匀的悬浮液;然后在所述悬浮液中依次加入碱性离子液体、有机锡化合物、对甲苯磺酸,超声分散1h后室温静置,以达到吸附饱和状态,经抽滤、洗涤、真空烘干,即得到负载型三组分高效催化剂;
(2)将化合物I和化合物II混合,加入所述负载型三组分高效催化剂后进行缩聚反应,得到本发明所述低聚磷酸酯多元醇;
其中,所述化合物I为乙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、1,4-丁二醇、1,5-戊二醇、双酚A、双酚F、2,4'-双酚A或4,4'-二苯亚甲基双酚中的至少一种;
所述化合物II为甲基磷酸二甲酯、乙基磷酸二甲酯、丙基磷酸二甲酯、磷酸三甲酯、磷酸三乙酯、苯基磷酸二甲酯中的至少一种。
2.根据权利要求1所述的催化合成方法,其特征在于,所述碱性离子液体为1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑苯甲酸盐、1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑甲酸盐、1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐、1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟碳酸氢盐、1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑二氰胺盐中的至少一种;所述有机锡化合物为二月桂酸二丁基锡和辛酸亚锡中的至少一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的催化合成方法,其特征在于,所述负载型高效催化剂中碱性离子液体:有机锡化合物:对甲苯磺酸的摩尔比为1:0.1~0.3:0.05~0.2。
4.根据权利要求1所述的催化合成方法,其特征在于,所述缩聚反应温度为150~180℃,所述缩聚反应时间为2~3.5h。
5.根据权利要求1所述的催化合成方法,其特征在于,所述负载型三组分高效催化剂的添加量占总质量的0.1~2wt%。
6.根据权利要求1所述的催化合成方法,其特征在于,所述化合物I和所述化合物II的摩尔比为(0.8~3):1。
7.一种低聚磷酸酯多元醇,其特征在于,利用权利要求1~6任意一种所述方法制备而成。
8.根据权利要求7所述低聚磷酸酯多元醇,其特征在于,所述低聚磷酸酯多元醇的羟值为120~380mgKOH/g。
9.根据权利要求7所述低聚磷酸酯多元醇,其特征在于,所述低聚磷酸酯多元醇的粘度为200~2000mPa·s。
10.根据权利要求7所述低聚磷酸酯多元醇的应用,其特征在于,将所述低聚磷酸酯多元醇作为阻燃剂制备阻燃性聚氨酯泡沫使用。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202310038784.6A CN116041711B (zh) | 2023-01-13 | 2023-01-13 | 一种低聚磷酸酯多元醇、催化合成方法及其应用 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202310038784.6A CN116041711B (zh) | 2023-01-13 | 2023-01-13 | 一种低聚磷酸酯多元醇、催化合成方法及其应用 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN116041711A true CN116041711A (zh) | 2023-05-02 |
CN116041711B CN116041711B (zh) | 2024-04-12 |
Family
ID=86123423
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202310038784.6A Active CN116041711B (zh) | 2023-01-13 | 2023-01-13 | 一种低聚磷酸酯多元醇、催化合成方法及其应用 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN116041711B (zh) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN116333294A (zh) * | 2023-05-04 | 2023-06-27 | 辽宁奥克药业股份有限公司 | 一种制备嵌段聚醚的催化剂、嵌段聚醚的制备方法 |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101899160A (zh) * | 2010-07-15 | 2010-12-01 | 山东兄弟科技股份有限公司 | 一种低聚磷酸酯多元醇的制备方法 |
KR20130072438A (ko) * | 2011-12-22 | 2013-07-02 | 주식회사두루셀텍 | 난연성 폴리우레탄 발포체 및 이의 제조방법 |
CN103804692A (zh) * | 2014-02-12 | 2014-05-21 | 东北林业大学 | 一种应用在聚氨酯泡沫的高磷含量的膦酸酯阻燃剂的制备方法 |
CN109622052A (zh) * | 2019-01-14 | 2019-04-16 | 中国石油大学(华东) | 一种用于费托合成反应的催化剂及其制备方法 |
CN111632626A (zh) * | 2020-05-20 | 2020-09-08 | 东南大学 | 一种用于苯酚羧基化反应合成水杨酸的催化剂及制备方法 |
CN114524843A (zh) * | 2022-02-25 | 2022-05-24 | 青岛长荣化工科技有限公司 | 一种端羟基反应型阻燃剂及其制备方法 |
-
2023
- 2023-01-13 CN CN202310038784.6A patent/CN116041711B/zh active Active
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101899160A (zh) * | 2010-07-15 | 2010-12-01 | 山东兄弟科技股份有限公司 | 一种低聚磷酸酯多元醇的制备方法 |
KR20130072438A (ko) * | 2011-12-22 | 2013-07-02 | 주식회사두루셀텍 | 난연성 폴리우레탄 발포체 및 이의 제조방법 |
CN103804692A (zh) * | 2014-02-12 | 2014-05-21 | 东北林业大学 | 一种应用在聚氨酯泡沫的高磷含量的膦酸酯阻燃剂的制备方法 |
CN109622052A (zh) * | 2019-01-14 | 2019-04-16 | 中国石油大学(华东) | 一种用于费托合成反应的催化剂及其制备方法 |
CN111632626A (zh) * | 2020-05-20 | 2020-09-08 | 东南大学 | 一种用于苯酚羧基化反应合成水杨酸的催化剂及制备方法 |
CN114524843A (zh) * | 2022-02-25 | 2022-05-24 | 青岛长荣化工科技有限公司 | 一种端羟基反应型阻燃剂及其制备方法 |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN116333294A (zh) * | 2023-05-04 | 2023-06-27 | 辽宁奥克药业股份有限公司 | 一种制备嵌段聚醚的催化剂、嵌段聚醚的制备方法 |
CN116333294B (zh) * | 2023-05-04 | 2023-12-29 | 辽宁奥克药业股份有限公司 | 一种制备嵌段聚醚的催化剂、嵌段聚醚的制备方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN116041711B (zh) | 2024-04-12 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP6808488B2 (ja) | 長い可使時間及び快硬を有するポリウレタン系 | |
CN106633022B (zh) | 一种三源一体超支化结构阻燃剂的制备方法及其应用 | |
CN116041711B (zh) | 一种低聚磷酸酯多元醇、催化合成方法及其应用 | |
CN106750248B (zh) | 一种超支化阻燃聚醚多元醇及其制备方法 | |
CN111072973A (zh) | 一种含磷poss及其制备方法以及在阻燃剂中的应用 | |
CN104558570A (zh) | 一种含磷聚酯多元醇的合成及其在聚氨酯中的应用 | |
CN112250858B (zh) | 一种制备阻燃聚合物多元醇的方法、应用及用其制成的聚氨酯泡沫塑料 | |
KR20180014079A (ko) | 우수한 기계적 특성을 갖는 폴리우레탄-폴리이소시아누레이트 화합물 | |
WO2019122923A1 (en) | Rigid foams | |
CN105061711A (zh) | 一种端基为环氧基的dopo型反应型阻燃剂及其制备方法和应用 | |
CN110643018B (zh) | 含氮磷结构的生物基阻燃环氧树脂及其制备方法 | |
CN105121449A (zh) | 含磷阻燃剂 | |
CN113817170B (zh) | 一种含磷氮硅膨胀型阻燃剂及其制备方法和在硬质聚氨酯泡沫中的应用 | |
JP3485657B2 (ja) | ヒドロキシアルコキシ基を持つ燐酸エステルオリゴマー、その製造方法およびその用途 | |
CN114127149B (zh) | 低tvoc的阻燃聚氨酯喷涂泡沫体系 | |
CN112266463B (zh) | 一种汽车内饰用阻燃型木质素基聚氨酯硬泡及其制备方法 | |
Kapatel et al. | Flame retardant waterborne polyurethanes: Synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of different properties | |
CN109293870A (zh) | 一种纤维素基聚氨酯硬泡及其制备方法 | |
CN115433226A (zh) | 一种含磷多元醇阻燃剂及其制备方法 | |
CN112679719B (zh) | 一种羟甲基三聚氰胺-环氧乙烷/环氧丙烷聚醚多元醇的制备方法及应用 | |
US3513113A (en) | Production of self-extinguishing polyurethanes | |
CN116874701A (zh) | 反应型密胺树脂的制备方法 | |
CN115304762B (zh) | 反应型无卤阻燃聚醚多元醇的制备方法及应用 | |
CN113402550A (zh) | 一种含硫代膦酸酯阻燃多元醇、其合成方法及其在制备阻燃聚氨酯软泡中的应用 | |
CN115785418B (zh) | 一种聚酯多元醇及其制备方法,及聚氨酯软质泡沫 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |